KR100991274B1 - Culture method young crab for snow crab - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crab farming method of the crab, and more specifically, to capture the mother of the crab, which is a high-grade crustacean inhabiting the deep sea, artificially producing larvae obtained by hatching after artificial breeding to the crab (young crab), The crab is caught and bred at a water temperature of 5 ° C in an indoor water tank, and then gradually adjusted to a temperature of 10 ° C, and only hatched larvae are collected and stored in a larval water tank. When the larvae grow from larvae to larvae, they produce a large amount of larvae, and through artificial discharge, they transfer the resources of the crab that are in decreasing trends, and transfer the technique of farming methods to the fishermen. And the economic benefits of local economy, which can increase the direct income of local fishermen. It is an advantage that it can expect fisherman to create a stable income source through industrialization through culture and aquaculture, and show the effects of largely farmed farming process as a tourist attraction and brand it as a tourism resource and local specialties, which has a great effect on revitalization of local economy. .

That is, from the mother crab (10) to freshly hatched larval stages of the larval crab (50) through the first stage 20 (20), the second stage (20), the megalopa 40 to the crab (50) It is to secure the resources through artificial discharge.

Eternally, 1 Zoea, 2 Zoea, Megalopa, Chige, Mother, Larvae

Description

Culture method young crab for snow crab}

The present invention relates to a method for farming crabs of crabs, and more particularly, to a method of artificially producing larvae obtained by hatching after hatching by capturing the mother of the crab, a high-grade crustacean inhabiting the deep sea. .

In general, the crab belongs to the arthropod crustacean deciduous water crab family, and among the five species of northern crab of the cold water crab in the world, there are two types of young crab (Chionoecetes opilio) and red crab (Chionoecetes japonicus) in the East Sea of Korea. In the cold waters of the North Hamgyong coast, especially in the southwestern part of Japan, Okhotsk Sea, Kamchatka, and Bering Sea, mainly in the 100 ~ 400m depth of water. It is a special product of fishery, a key resource of fisheries, and a high economic ripple effect. However, excessive fishing has recently reduced its resources, and disputes between fisheries are occurring frequently.

The spawning period of crabs is between 12 and 18 months for the first spawning, about 12 months for the second spawning crab, and spawning takes place around February, and spawning of the second and subsequent spawning eggs until around May. It occurs in May-October, and the stage of the crab grows in stages. The size of the male reaches 187mm in width and 113mm in female, and the female reaches adulthood in 6-8 years after hatching. After surviving 3-4 years without breaking, males live about 13 years.

These crabs are usually called bamboo shoots because their eight legs extend straight out of the body, and they are also rich in protein. Among them, they are rich in essential amino acids (lysine, leucine, methionine, etc.). It is a very good food, especially because of its low fat content, it not only tastes light but also digests well, so it is good for patients with recovery. It is effective for antipyretic and alcohol detoxification, and it is good for alcohol snacks. It is good for patients with atherosclerosis because it strengthens bones and muscles, improves energy, and lowers blood cholesterol levels.The crab egg contains many nucleic acids that activate the cells to prevent aging, while the crab shell contains chitosan. It is known to be effective in treating breast cancer.

Therefore, as the efficacy of these snow crabs becomes known, the need for artificially adjusting the amount of snow crabs, which are gradually reduced due to over-fishing, has become a necessity, and a direct increase in resources by discharge is required.

However, the cultivation of crab takes about 10 years to grow to commercial size, and in addition, it is the official phenomenon in which larvae eat each other as they go from hatching to larvae to larvae. It is very difficult to grow up to the stage, and it takes a long time to breed 6 to 8 years to grow into a complete snow crab.

In addition, the hatching in nature is mainly from January to April, but the peak season is from February to March, when the surface water temperature rises slowly from low water temperature. There is a difficulty to maintain the water temperature 10 ~ 12 ℃.

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the problem of mass mortality caused by the larvae eating each other while passing through the larval stage in the larva after hatching in the female crab as described above, complete large crab crab In order to be able to breed them, the mother crab is caught and reared at the water temperature of 5 ℃ in the indoor water tank, and then gradually adjusted to the water temperature to 10 ℃, and only the hatched larvae are collected and accommodated in the larval water tank. The inventors have invented a method of farming crabs that can increase the direct income of local fishermen by artificially discharging them by producing large amounts of crabs when they grow from larvae to larvae.

The present invention for achieving the above object is to catch the mother crab (10) to breed at the water temperature 5 ℃ in the mother tank provided in the room gradually raise the water temperature to hatch and hatch the mother crab (10) at 10 ℃ Collecting only the larvae through the discharge port of the mother tank to accommodate the larvae in the larvae tank;

Zoae stage 1 (20) to keep the larvae settled by supplying the water temperature of the larvae tank at 9 ~ 12 ℃ to maintain food for 24 days;

A second stage (30) of the zoa tank, which maintains the water temperature of the larvae tank for 30 days by supplying food at 9 to 12 ° C., and has almost lost swimming power;

Megalopa (40) step of maintaining the water temperature of the larvae tank to feed the food at 10 ~ 13 ℃ to maintain for 36 days to form a claws;

The water temperature of the larvae tank is fed at 11 to 14 ° C. to maintain food for 35 days, thereby allowing the larvae to be cultured through the growing crab 50 step through the stripping process.

Therefore, the present invention by capturing the mother crab as described above to supply the appropriate feeding organisms to the larvae hatching in the indoor tank in each stage in the larvae tank to prevent the official phenomenon of eating each other to produce a large amount of crab Through artificial discharge, the crab resource recovery and technology of farming methods of the crab are transmitted to the fishers to diversify the aquaculture species currently concentrated on some fish species, and through the industrialization of aquaculture, it is possible to directly increase the income of local fishers. The advantages that can be raised, industrialization through the local economy and aquaculture are expected to create a stable source of income for fishers, and the process that is usually farmed is displayed as a highlight and branded as tourism resources and local specialties, which is a great way to revitalize the local economy. There is an advantage to the effect.

The present invention for achieving the above object is through a freshly hatched larval stage Joea 1 (20), Joea 2 (30), Megalopa 40 through the mother crab 10 (50) Forming up to the stage is to ensure the crab (60) resources through artificial discharge of the crab (50).

As a method of farming the crab (50) of the crab (60) of the present invention by capturing the mother crab (10) and breeding at 5 ° C water temperature in the mother tank provided in the room to raise the water temperature gradually by 1 ℃ 2 days 10 ℃ In order to incubate and hatch the mother crab 10, only hatched larvae are collected through the outlet of the mother tank and housed in the larvae tank,

In the zoea phase 1 (20) stage where larvae sink, the rotifers are fed while maintaining the water temperature at 9-12 ° C. for 24 days,

In the Joea stage 2 (30), which has almost lost swimming power, the rotifers and the Altea seeds are supplied in combination while maintaining the water temperature at 9 to 12 ° C for 30 days.

In the megalopa 40 where claws are formed, the rotifers are fed in combination with Altemia while maintaining the water temperature at 10 to 13 ° C. for 36 days,

In the stage of crab growing through the stripping process (50), while maintaining the water temperature at 11 to 14 ℃ for 35 days to feed the shellfish and prawns to make it possible to farming (50).

The rotifer, which is an early food organism of the crab (60) larvae phase of the present invention, is used as an essential food in the larval stages of 60 species of sea fish and 18 species of crustaceans, and is known to have 2,500 species in the world's water systems (mainly freshwater). A type of zooplankton, the biological properties of rotifers, which are used as food organisms, are small in size, have a round shape, have floating properties, have a slow swimming speed, have abundant nutrition, and have high growth rates (10,000 to 15,000 / ml). It is also widely used as the first food for seafood larvae.

On the other hand, in the present invention, the shape of the rotifer used as a proper food for larvae, the body is a bag-shaped, the tip of the laryngeal pole is round, the size is usually 220 ~ 280㎛, the habitation temperature is in the low temperature zone of about 20 ℃ It is the most suitable food for the early feeding of fish species.

In addition, to describe the shape of the Althemia to feed to the Joe 2 stages 30 and Megalopa 40 of the present invention, the size is larger than the rotifer, has the advantage of easy availability, water temperature Hatching cyst (sist) at 28 ℃ and hatched larvae neuplius is to be fed to the food after incubation at water temperature 20 ℃ before feeding the larva (60).

In order to secure the mother crab (10) of the crab (60) of the crab culture method of the crab (60) as described above, the water depth of 100 ~ 200m, Yeongdeok coastal zone of the Gyeongbuk region between February and March of the mature period Only the females with an average size of 5 cm or more inhabited at 5 ° C and the outer eggs are black purple, and 6m (width) × 1.6m (length) × 0.5m for breeding management of the captured mother crab 10 Breeding management of the mother crab (10) caught in the mother tank, which is a tank dedicated to (height).

In addition, the collection of hatched larvae from the mother crab (10), which is managed in the breeding tank, uses hatching larvae to collect light, so that a light shielding facility is provided on the upper side of the tank, and lighting and larvae are located on one side of the tank. The larvae which escaped through the outlet of the larvae were collected in the larvae gathering network with particles of 200 ~ 300㎛ and were collected for the larvae of Zoea 1 (20) and used for the breeding test.

Therefore, looking at the larval stage cultured from the mother crab (10) to the crab (50), consisting of 1 Joe 20, 2 Joe (30), Megalopa 40, larva In the stage 1 Joe (20), only feed the rotifers as feed organisms, and 2 feed (30) to the rotifer and Altemia in combination feeding, but the first Joe 20 (20) and Joe 2 ( The breeding container that supplies food during the larval stage of 30) is 40 cm (width), which forms a net with a particle size of 500 µm in a tank of 1.6 m (width) × 1.6 m (length) × 0.5 m (height) × Floating container of 50cm (height) × 10cm (height) prevents larvae from escaping and naturally releases leftover food and feces.

The container container used a container having a particle size of 500 μm in the larvae stages 1, 2, 20, 30 and Megalopa 40, but in the step 50, the particles installed in the container container It is desirable to breed and feed by installing a 1000㎛ mesh size.

In addition, the feeding ratio of rotifers and althemia to the zoia phase 2 (30) stage of the larval stage is preferably a ratio of 50% of rotifers and 50% of althemia, and feeding at the larval stage of megalopa (40). As a feed rate, it is desirable to feed the food at a rate of 70% of Althemia and 30% of rotifers, and a feeding rate of 50% of shellfish and 50% of shrimp is preferably provided to the crab 50 which has undergone the larval stage. will be.

In an embodiment of the present invention, first, the mother crab 10 for securing larvae is captured to 200 mature mothers by a magnetic net installed at a point of 100 to 200 m in the water depth of Gyeongbuk, Yeongdeok coast, and the water temperature is 5 ° C. or lower. Breeding in the tank to raise the water temperature gradually by 1 ℃ 2 days to 10 minutes at 10 ℃ to cultivate the mother crab (10) is to collect only the hatched larvae through the outlet provided in the top of the mother tank to accommodate in the larva tank.

Breeding of the mother crab (10) for securing the larvae is kept in the breeding water temperature of 5 ~ 7 ℃ when accommodated in the mother tank after the first capture and then slowly raise the water temperature to 10 ℃ on 2 days while maintaining the hatching of the larvae In this case, the size of the captured mother crab (10) ranges from 73.4 to 77.1 mm in length, 75.8 to 82.4 mm in width, and 165.7 g in weight, and all of the external eggs are mature black purple, per mother The average number of eggs is between 40,000 and 70,000, and hatching larvae are collected by the hatched larvae by collecting them in the water and collecting only those individuals that are in good condition.

Table 1 shows the larval stage and the crab's food sequence.

Table 2 shows the larval stage and the growth stage of the crab.

As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the larvae collected through the outlets in the mother tank are supplied to the rotifers while maintaining the water temperature at 9 to 12 ° C. in the stage 1 of 20 in the larvae tank.

In the second stage (30), while maintaining the water temperature at 9 ~ 12 ℃ for 30 days, the rotifer 50% and Altemia 50% of the food is supplied in combination,

In the megalopa (40) step, while maintaining the water temperature at 10 ~ 13 ℃ for 36 days to supply a combination of rotifer 30% and Altemia 70% food,

In the crab (50) step, while maintaining the water temperature at 11 to 14 ℃ for 35 days while feeding the combination of 50% of shellfish and 50% of prawns is to enable farming.

In this way, the crab (50) through the farming method of artificially discharged the crab (50) to the east coast to secure the crab (60) resources to increase the direct income of local fishermen.

Looking at the characteristics of the larvae that grow in stages during the growth of the crab 50 in the larval stage of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 Zoae 1st stage 20 larva has one long equivalence on the back and each side There is one spine and four swimming bristles at the tip of the jaw. The number of larvae of Joeae (20) is 24 days on average.

In addition, the larvae of Joe 2 (30) morphologically larger in width of the two breasts compared to the Joe 1, and there are six swimming bristles at the end of the jaw leg, the average days of larvae of Joe 2 (30) is about 30 days It will take.

In addition, the megalopa 40 larvae are similar to the mother's head and claws are formed from this time, the phenomena of the larvae eat each other larvae occurred, the average days of the megalopa 40 larva takes about 36 days.

Chige (50) is almost the same shape as the mother, the average number of days is about 35 days.

And, the crab (50) was made with the peeling and the peeling was peeled off from the side as the shell splits from the back end to form the same as the mother's form, the required days is about 35 days will be.

Figure 1 is an illustration illustrating the crab form of snow crab of the present invention

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

10: dim 20: 1 Joea

30: Joe 2, 40: Megalopa

50: Chill 60: Snow Crab

Claims (3)

The mother crab (10) is captured and raised at a water temperature of 5 ° C. in a mother tank provided indoors, and the water temperature is gradually raised to pure and hatched the mother crab (10) at 10 ° C. Accommodating the tank container of the tank; Zoae stage 1 (20) to keep the larvae settled by supplying the water temperature of the larvae tank at 9 ~ 12 ℃ to maintain food for 24 days; A second stage (30) of the zoa tank, which maintains the water temperature of the larvae tank for 30 days by supplying food at 9 to 12 ° C., and has almost lost swimming power; Megalopa (40) step of maintaining the water temperature of the larvae tank to feed the food at 10 ~ 13 ℃ to maintain for 36 days to form a claws; The crab farming method of crab crab, characterized in that to maintain the water temperature of the larval water tank at 11 ~ 14 ℃ to maintain for 35 days through the growing crab (50) step through the stripping process. The method of claim 1, The rotifers are fed in step 1 of the step 20, and the rotifers and althemia feeds are supplied in combination in step 2 of step 2 of the choea, and the rotifers and althemia feed are supplied in the step of megalopa 40. And crab farming method of crab crab, characterized in that by using a combination of shellfish and prawns in the feeding stage (50). The method of claim 1, When the larval container of the larvae tank is larvae breeding at the stages 1, 2 (20), 30 and Megalopa (40) stages of the larvae tank, the size of the particles is 500㎛ and the crab (50) stages (50) The crab farming method of crab during the breeding, characterized in that a net having a particle size of 1000㎛ is installed.

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