CN106336496A - 一种用于3d打印的改性聚乳酸材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于3d打印的改性聚乳酸材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106336496A
CN106336496A CN201610722282.5A CN201610722282A CN106336496A CN 106336496 A CN106336496 A CN 106336496A CN 201610722282 A CN201610722282 A CN 201610722282A CN 106336496 A CN106336496 A CN 106336496A
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李健
魏利洁
李继爽
褚连青
毛新齐
王奕
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于3D打印的改性聚乳酸材料及其制备方法,各种原材料的质量百分数配比为,末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物30~33,n(‑NCO):n(‑OH)=1.8 的二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯60~63,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯2~5,扩链剂1~2,分散剂1~2,其中,末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物由质量百分数配比为,乳酸80~90,丁二醇10~20组成,制备方法为先制得末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物,再制得3D打印改性聚乳酸材料,技术效果是改善了聚乳酸衍生物合成的反应条件,为其他种类的聚乳酸衍生物合成提供借鉴;合成的聚乳酸衍生物,分子量较高,黏度大,耐热性好,具有良好的柔韧性易加工性。

Description

一种用于3D打印的改性聚乳酸材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种3D打印材料及其制备方法,特别涉及一种用于3D打印的改性聚乳酸材料及其制备方法。
技术背景
3D打印技术是一种将材料一次性熔聚成型的快速制造技术,它的基础是数字模型文件,通过运用粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料逐层打印,并叠加不同形状的连续层方式来构造空间物体。
3D打印技术无需模具,也不需要机械加工,可以直接由计算机图形数据生成任何性状的物体,与传统制造业相比,可以加工出传统方法无法制造的零件。3D打印技术适合于新产品的开发、快速单件及小批量零件的制造、复杂形状零件的制造、模具的设计等,也适合于难加工材料的制造、外形设计检查、装配检验和快速反求工程等。
聚乳酸是一种重要的3D打印材料,已被广泛的应用于3D打印行业中,聚乳酸是一种可生物降解材料,相比于其他3D打印材料,其具有良好的力学性、可加工性、生物可降解性。但它的耐热性和柔韧性较差,断裂伸长率小,纯聚乳酸无法用于3D打印,需要对聚乳酸材料进行化学改性或者物理改性来增加其耐热性和柔韧性。
中国专利公开号CN103665802A公开了一种用于3D打印的聚乳酸材料的制备方法,利用超声波、研磨分散方法、以及挤出造粒、拉丝,实现了将纳米无机增韧剂与偶联剂进行表面改性,并与聚乳酸共混,聚合,制备出3D打印用增韧改性聚乳酸材料。相比于传统改性工艺,该发明显著提高了材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率,同时,材料的流动性未发生大幅改变,表现出了良好的加工性能。但是加工成本较高,周期长,不利于产业化发展。
中国专利公开号CN103467950A公开了一种3D打印改性聚乳酸材料及其制备方法,针对3D打印用聚乳酸材料在冲击强度、韧性及耐热性能方面的缺陷,提出用低温球磨机将交联剂、扩链剂、成核剂与聚乳酸共混、接枝、交联改性,最终使用造粒、拉丝工艺制备出成型耗材。该发明虽然解决了多种溶剂混合过程中存在的不均匀和反应程度不完全的问题,但也存在强剪切力下聚乳酸分子链断裂引起的机械降解,不利于改善聚乳酸的韧性和强度。
中国专利公开号CN104357953A公开了一种强韧性聚乳酸复合纤维的制备方法,针对聚乳酸材料强度低、韧性差的特点,采用羟基化多壁碳纳米管进行表面修饰、化学接枝的方法,经过造粒、熔融纺丝工艺制成强韧性聚乳酸复合材料,虽然碳纳米管均匀分散在聚乳酸集体中,未出现团聚,但工艺处理难度大、批次产量低、短期内无法实现量产,难以满足3D打印的市场需求。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种用于3D打印的改性聚乳酸材料及其制备方法,旨在提高3D打印材料的黏度、耐热型和柔韧性,具体技术方案是,一种用于3D打印的改性聚乳酸材料,其特征在于:各种原材料的质量百分数配比为,
末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物 30~33,
n(-NCO):n(-OH)=1.8 的二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯 60~63,
异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 2~5,
扩链剂 1~2,
分散剂 1~2,
其中,末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物由质量百分数配比为,
乳酸80~90,
丁二醇10~20组成。
一种用于3D打印的改性聚乳酸材料的制备方法,其特征在于:制备方法包括以下步骤,
1)、按规定比例将乳酸,丁二醇放入溶剂中,在140℃温度下进行预聚反应,得到分子量Mw为5500、11900和26000的末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物,所用溶剂为戊烷、己烷、辛烷、环己烷、氯苯、二氯苯、二氯甲烷、氯仿、三氯乙烯、环氧己烷、乙腈,吡啶,苯酚的其中一种;
2)、将步骤1制得的预聚物与六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)按质量百分数配比混合,在90℃~140℃温度下,时间为20小时,进行扩链反应,制得3D打印改性聚乳酸材料,分子量达到20万以上,聚合物的支化度和交联度较好
本发明的技术效果是改善了聚乳酸衍生物合成的反应条件,为其他种类的聚乳酸衍生物合成提供借鉴;合成的聚乳酸衍生物,分子量较高,黏度大,耐热性好,具有良好的柔韧性易加工性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实例进一步说明,
实施例一
将乳酸与丁二醇以质量百分数85:15的比例混合溶于二氯苯中,在140℃温度下进行预聚反应,反应得到末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物,分子量为11900,将得到的预聚物、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、扩链剂、分散剂按质量百分数配比31:62:3:2:2混合,在130℃下进行扩链反应,制得改性聚乳酸材料,分子量在23万左右。
实施例二
将乳酸与丁二醇以质量百分数90:10的比例混合溶于环己烷中,反应得到末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物,分子量为26000,将得到的预聚物、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、扩链剂、分散剂按质量百分数配比33: 60:5:1:1混合,在110℃下进行扩链反应,制得改性聚乳酸材料,分子量在20万左右。

Claims (2)

1.一种用于3D打印的改性聚乳酸材料,其特征在于:各种原材料的质量百分数配比为,
末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物 30~33,
n(-NCO):n(-OH)=1.8 的二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯 60~63,
异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 2~5,
扩链剂 1~2,
分散剂 1~2,
其中,末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物由质量百分数配比为,
乳酸80~90,
丁二醇10~20组成。
2.采用权利要求1所述的一种用于3D打印的改性聚乳酸材料的制备方法,其特征在于:制备方法包括以下步骤,
1)、按规定比例将乳酸,丁二醇放入溶剂中,在140℃温度下进行预聚反应,得到分子量Mw为5500、11900和26000的末端为羟基的乳酸预聚物,所用溶剂为戊烷、己烷、辛烷、环己烷、氯苯、二氯苯、二氯甲烷、氯仿、三氯乙烯、环氧己烷、乙腈,吡啶,苯酚的其中一种;
2)、将步骤1制得的预聚物与六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)按质量百分数配比混合,在90℃~140℃温度下,时间为20小时,进行扩链反应,制得3D打印改性聚乳酸材料,分子量达到20万以上,聚合物的支化度和交联度较好。
CN201610722282.5A 2016-08-25 2016-08-25 一种用于3d打印的改性聚乳酸材料及其制备方法 Pending CN106336496A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

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CN114957588A (zh) * 2022-06-28 2022-08-30 瑞聚再生(厦门)医学科技有限公司 一种可生物吸收神经支架及其制备方法

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CN103665805A (zh) * 2013-12-30 2014-03-26 福建师范大学 一种异氰酸基封端的乳酸低聚物改性的玻璃纤维/聚乳酸复合材料及其制备方法

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CN101240056A (zh) * 2008-03-07 2008-08-13 华中科技大学 一种蓖麻油增韧聚乳酸型聚氨酯的制备方法
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114957588A (zh) * 2022-06-28 2022-08-30 瑞聚再生(厦门)医学科技有限公司 一种可生物吸收神经支架及其制备方法
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Application publication date: 20170118