CN106332819A - Method for efficient alternate aquaculture of macrobrachium rosenbergii and lobsters - Google Patents
Method for efficient alternate aquaculture of macrobrachium rosenbergii and lobsters Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332819A CN106332819A CN201610133220.0A CN201610133220A CN106332819A CN 106332819 A CN106332819 A CN 106332819A CN 201610133220 A CN201610133220 A CN 201610133220A CN 106332819 A CN106332819 A CN 106332819A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for efficient alternate aquaculture of macrobrachium rosenbergii and lobsters, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The method comprises the following steps: (1) desilting and insolating a pond, and disinfecting the pond with calcined lime; (2) planting June dry grasses and waterweeds; (3) stocking lobster seedlings, spotted silver carps, silver carps, green loaches and macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings; (4) feeding a compound feed or feeding a mixture of the compound feed and other vegetative and animal feeds; (5) keeping the pH value of pond water at 7.5 to 8.5 to enable the dissolved oxygen content in the pond to be not less than 4 mg/L, and controlling the transparency at 30 to 40 cm; (6) catching the macrobrachium rosenbergii and the lobsters. The method fully considers the temperature condition and the growth characteristics and the aquaculture characteristics of the macrobrachium rosenbergii and the lobsters, and the adopted aquaculture mode and the technology design are reasonable; aquaculture resources are effectively used, the utilization rate of the pond is increased, and the economic benefits of farmers are obviously increased; by multi-species aquaculture and reasonable arrangement of crop rotation, the capacity of the farmers for resisting the aquaculture risk is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, particularly to the cultivation side of a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Procambarus clarkii
Method.
Background technology
Macrobrachium rosenbergii is also known as white foot shrimp, Malaysian prawn, money shrimp, Penaeus vannamei etc., and omnivorousness is aquatic
Animal, is individual larger species in fresh water shrimp, have the title of fresh water shrimp king.It is many that original producton location concentrates on melon in distress
You are littoral, is one of big shrimp species of cultivation amount highest three in the world, has individual big, more violent, produce fast,
Adaptability is good, nutritious, delicious meat the features such as, be one of aquatic products of being welcome by consumers in general.
In China's freshwater aquiculture, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is only second to crab becomes second largest high-efficiency agriculture production kind.Especially
It is larger in lower Yangtze area biotic population amount, it has also become a kind of important Freshwater shrimps resource of China,
It is also the leading products of middle and lower reach of Yangtze River each province foreign exchange earning.Macrobrachium rosenbergii is not low temperature resistant, and suitable every year supports
The time of growing only has 4～5 months, and leaving unused in remaining time pond, reduces cultivation income.
Procambarus clarkii, also known as Procambrus clarkii, be under the jurisdiction of Arthropoda, Crustachia, Decapoda, mqb section,
Former Astacus.Originate in North America, from after the thirties in 20th century incoming China, be distributed widely in me
State, and define the natural population being available for utilizing.Procambarus clarkii is very low temperature resistant, and subzero digs a hole or hides
Survive the winter under the things concealeds such as pasture and water, above zero just can suck and grown, fast growth.Due to its meat
Deliciousness is increasingly favored by people, has wide market prospect.Fire with Procambarus clarkii market sale
Quick-fried, price climbs up and up, and cultivation impetus development is very violent.During cultivation, is produced from monoculture Procambarus clarkii pond
The phenomenon generally existing that amount is unstable, pond utilization rate is not high.
In recent years, the master with regard to Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Procambarus clarkii supports the experimental study of pattern, Polyculture and technology
Relevant report a lot, these achievements rise in terms of improving Macrobrachium rosenbergii crayfish breeding technique and economic benefit
Arrive positive role.How to play limited culture resources, improve the utilization rate in pond, reduce raiser single
Support the risk of a seed shrimp, become the focus of people's research.And in prior art, how to Macrobrachium rosenbergii and little
Lobster carries out alternate culture, so that the advantage of alternate culture is embodied on both Aquatic products, is problem demanding prompt solution.
Content of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above of prior art presence, the invention provides a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Procambarus clarkii
Efficiently the method for alternate culture, reasonably make use of culture resources, achieves the cultivation on many batches an of pool in same pool mouth,
Greatly increase overall economic efficiency.
A kind of the technical scheme is that Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Procambarus clarkii are efficient for achieving the above object for the present invention
The method of alternate culture it is characterised in that: mainly comprise the steps that
(1) clean up the pond sterilization:
Desilting is carried out to pond and is exposed to the sun, and with quick lime, pond is carried out disinfection；
(2) pasture and water cultivation:
Plant algae dish and waterweed, water filling at pond bottom, the holdings depth of water is 40～60cm, impose compound fertilizer or
Bio-feritlizer；
(3) seed is put in a suitable place to breed:
Mid or late November, temperature is stablized when 5 DEG C～15 DEG C, every mu of little dragon putting 160～300 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed
Shrimp seedling kind 4000～6000 tail, set is supported and is thrown in Aristichthys nobiliss 20～30 tail that specification is 10 tails/kg, 10 tails/kg's
Silver carp 35～45 tail, blue or green loach 2～4kg, water filling, the holding depth of water is 80～100cm；
Early or mid April next year, temperature is stablized when 16 DEG C～25 DEG C, cultivates Roche in the warm canopy of nursery garden
Macrobrachium Seedling, throws in every mu of Luo pond crayfish fries 60,000～80,000 tail of a length of 0.7～1.2cm of body；
Mid or late June, temperature is stablized when 20 DEG C～30 DEG C, the Luo pond crayfish fries of a length of for body 3.0～4.0cm
Quantity according to every mu 30,000～40,000 tails divides the pool to finished product shrimp aquaculture area to raise；
(4) feedstuff feeding:
The mixture feeding mixed feed or feeding mixed feed and other plant and animal fodder, daily
Feed 2 times, the protein content in described mixed feed is 35%～41%；
(5) water quality management:
Keep water ph value 7.5～8.5, the dissolved oxygen content in pond is not less than 4mg/l；
Pond is carried out changing water, so that transparency is controlled in 30～40cm；
Carry out full pool spilling head with the molten water of quick lime every 15～20d, be spaced more than 3d, using microorganism formulation
Splash full pond；
(6) results are fished for:
Late March catches Procambarus clarkii to early June；Mid or late July to early October catches Macrobrachium rosenbergii；
Aristichthys nobiliss and silver carp reach more than 1kg and are captured；Mid or late October catches Misgurni anguillicaudati.
When pond being carried out disinfection in described step (1), the consumption of every mu of quick lime is 90～110kg.
Algae dish is planted at pond bottom every 7～8m kind in described step (2), and the intercrop in every two-way algae dish
Waterweed；Suo Shi compound fertilizer is the fertilizer containing n, p, k and trace element.
When in described step (3), nursery garden temperature is less than 25 DEG C, is heated in nursery garden so as to temperature is protected
Hold at 25～30 DEG C.
Carry out multiple spot when feeding in described step (4) to feed；6:00～7:00 puts into the 30%～35% of day feeding volume,
17:00～18:00 puts into the 65%～70% of day feeding volume.
Every 12～18d, water is once changed to pond in described step (5), quantity of exchanged water is whole pond water
10%～30%；Daily unlatching oxygen increasing equipment 1～6h, when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is less than 4mg/l, opens oxygen supplement
Equipment；With quick lime 4～6kg molten water, is splashed in pond by every mu every 15～20d；Microorganism formulation is
Em bacterium or bacillus cereuss.
In described step (2) or step (3), pond is in water filling, using 60～80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk filtered water inlets.
In described step (5), pond is when changing water, using 60～80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk filtered water inlets.
The technique scheme of the present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
(1) improve the utilization rate of pool mouth, make to have received one batch of economic benefit culture pond mouth more；
(2) pasture and water of plantation at the end of Procambarus clarkii catches clearly, are not destroyed, water ecosystem reuses,
Beneficial to improving water quality, so that Macrobrachium rosenbergii is massacreed, little, color and luster is good, Functionality, quality and appealing design, yield are high；
(3) extend the growth time that set supports kind Aristichthys nobiliss, silver carp and blue or green loach, catch up with high price area ahead of time and sell,
Improve the utilization ratio of water body；
(4) because multi items cultivate, reasonably arrange crops for rotation, increased the energy that raiser resists cultivation risk
Power.
Specific embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiment, but the invention is not limited in specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii it is characterised in that: mainly comprise the steps that
(1) clean up the pond sterilization:
Desilting is carried out to pond and is exposed to the sun, the consumption according to every mu of quick lime is thoroughly disappeared to pond for 90kg
Poison；
(2) pasture and water cultivation:
Sow algae dish at pond bottom every 7m, and the intercrop waterweed in every two-way algae dish, water filling, use
60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk filtered water inlets, the holding depth of water is 40cm, imposes the compound fertilizer containing n, p, k and trace element；
(3) seed is put in a suitable place to breed:
Mid or late November, temperature is stablized when 5 DEG C～15 DEG C, every mu of Procambarus clarkii Seedling putting 160 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed
Plant 4000 tails；Set is supported and is thrown in Aristichthys nobiliss 20～30 tail that specification is 10 tails/kg, the silver carp 35～45 of 10 tails/kg
Tail, blue or green loach 2kg, water filling, the holding depth of water is 80cm；
Early or mid April next year, temperature is stablized when 16 DEG C～25 DEG C, cultivates Roche in the warm canopy of nursery garden
Macrobrachium Seedling, throws in every mu of Luo pond crayfish fries 80,000 tail of a length of 0.7cm of body；Described nursery garden water temperature is less than 25 DEG C
When, is heated in nursery garden so as to temperature is maintained at 25～30 DEG C.
Mid or late June, temperature is stablized when 20 DEG C～30 DEG C, and the Luo pond crayfish fries of a length of for body 3.0cm are pressed
Quantity according to every mu of 30,000 tails divides the pool to finished product shrimp aquaculture area to raise；
(4) feedstuff feeding:
The mixture feeding mixed feed or feeding mixed feed and other plant and animal fodder, described
The protein content of mixed feed is 35%, carries out multiple spot and feeds, feed 2 times daily, 6:00～7:00 during nursing
30%, the 17:00～18:00 putting into day feeding volume puts into the 70% of day feeding volume.
(5) water quality management:
Water ph value is kept to control 7.5, the dissolved oxygen in pond is not less than 4mg/l, daily unlatching oxygen supplement
Equipment 1h；
Every 12d, water is once changed to pond, quantity of exchanged water is the 10% of whole pond water, made transparency control
System is in 30cm；
With quick lime 4kg molten water, is splashed in pond by every mu every 15d；Interval more than 3d, uses
Em bacterium is splashed to full pond, controlling disease；
(6) results are fished for:
Late March catches Procambarus clarkii to early June；Mid or late July to early October catches Macrobrachium rosenbergii；
Aristichthys nobiliss and silver carp reach more than 1kg and are captured；Mid or late October catches Misgurni anguillicaudati, is captured as being conducted batch-wise,
Catch stay greatly little.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii it is characterised in that: mainly comprise the steps that
(1) clean up the pond sterilization:
Desilting is carried out to pond and is exposed to the sun, the consumption according to every mu of quick lime is carried out thoroughly to pond for 100kg
Sterilization；
(2) pasture and water cultivation:
Plant algae dish at pond bottom every 8m kind, and the intercrop waterweed in every two-way algae dish, water filling, use
60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk filtered water inlets, the holding depth of water is 50cm, imposes bio-feritlizer；
(3) seed is put in a suitable place to breed:
Mid or late November, temperature is stablized when 5 DEG C～15 DEG C, every mu of Procambarus clarkii Seedling putting 200 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed
Plant 5000 tails；Set is supported and is thrown in Aristichthys nobiliss 25 tail that specification is 10 tails/kg, and silver carp 40 tail of 10 tails/kg is blue or green
Loach 3kg, water filling, the holding depth of water is 90cm；
Early or mid April next year, temperature is stablized when 16 DEG C～25 DEG C, cultivates Roche natural pond in the temperature canopy of nursery garden
Shrimp seedling, by Macrobrachium rosenbergii seed 70,000 tail of every mu of input a length of 1.0cm of body of cultured area；Described nursery garden
When water temperature is less than 25 DEG C, is heated in nursery garden so as to temperature is maintained at 25～30 DEG C.
Mid or late June, temperature is stablized when 20 DEG C～30 DEG C, and the Luo pond crayfish fries of a length of for body 3.5cm are pressed
Quantity according to every mu of 3.5 ten thousand tails divides the pool to finished product shrimp aquaculture area to raise；
(4) feedstuff feeding:
The mixture feeding mixed feed or feeding mixed feed and other plant and animal fodder, described
The protein content of mixed feed is 38%, carries out multiple spot and feeds, feed 2 times daily, 6:00～7:00 during nursing
35%, the 17:00～18:00 putting into day feeding volume puts into the 65% of day feeding volume.
(5) water quality management:
Water ph value is kept to control 8.0, the dissolved oxygen in pond is not less than 4mg/l, daily unlatching oxygen supplement
Equipment 3h；
Every 15d, water is once changed to pond, quantity of exchanged water is the 20% of whole pond water, made transparency control
System is in 35cm；
With quick lime 5kg molten water, is splashed in pond by every mu every 18d；Interval more than 3d, uses spore
Bacillus is splashed to pond, controlling disease；
(6) results are fished for:
Late March catches Procambarus clarkii to early June；Mid or late July to early October catches Macrobrachium rosenbergii；
Aristichthys nobiliss and silver carp reach more than 1kg and are captured；Mid or late October catches Misgurni anguillicaudati, is captured as being conducted batch-wise,
Catch stay greatly little.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii it is characterised in that: mainly comprise the steps that
(1) clean up the pond sterilization:
Desilting is carried out to pond and is exposed to the sun, the consumption according to every mu of quick lime is carried out thoroughly to pond for 110kg
Sterilization；
(2) pasture and water cultivation:
Plant algae dish at pond bottom every 8m kind, and the intercrop waterweed in every two-way algae dish, water filling, use
80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk filtered water inlets, the holding depth of water is 60cm, imposes the compound fertilizer containing n, p, k and trace element；
(3) seed is put in a suitable place to breed:
Mid or late November, temperature is stablized when 5 DEG C～15 DEG C, every mu of Procambarus clarkii Seedling putting 300 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed
Plant 6000 tails；Set is supported and is thrown in Aristichthys nobiliss 30 tail that specification is 10 tails/kg, and silver carp 45 tail of 10 tails/kg is blue or green
Loach 4kg, water filling, the holding depth of water is 100cm；
Early or mid April next year, temperature is stablized when 16 DEG C～25 DEG C, cultivates Roche natural pond in the temperature canopy of nursery garden
Shrimp seedling, often Macrobrachium rosenbergii seed 60,000 tail of the actual field input a length of 1.2cm of body；Described nursery garden water temperature
During less than 25 DEG C, is heated in nursery garden so as to temperature is maintained at 25～30 DEG C.
Mid or late June, temperature is stablized when 20 DEG C～30 DEG C, and the Luo pond crayfish fries of a length of for body 4.0cm are pressed
Quantity according to every mu of 40,000 tails divides the pool to finished product shrimp aquaculture area to raise；
(4) feedstuff feeding:
The mixture feeding mixed feed or feeding mixed feed and other plant and animal fodder, described
The protein content of mixed feed is 41%, carries out multiple spot and feeds, feed 2 times daily, 6:00～7:00 during nursing
30%, the 17:00～18:00 putting into day feeding volume puts into the 70% of day feeding volume.
(5) water quality management:
Water ph value is kept to control 8.5, the dissolved oxygen in pond is not less than 4mg/l, daily unlatching oxygen supplement
Equipment 6h；
Every 18d, water is once changed to pond, quantity of exchanged water is the 30% of whole pond water, made transparency control
System is in 40cm；
With quick lime 6kg molten water, is splashed in pond by every mu every 20d；Interval more than 3d, uses em
Bacterium is splashed to pond, controlling disease；
(6) results are fished for:
Late March catches Procambarus clarkii to early June；Mid or late July to early October catches Macrobrachium rosenbergii；
Aristichthys nobiliss and silver carp reach more than 1kg and are captured；Mid or late October catches Misgurni anguillicaudati, is captured as being conducted batch-wise,
Catch stay greatly little.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii method it is characterised in that: mainly comprise the steps that
(1) clean up the pond sterilization:
Desilting is carried out to pond and is exposed to the sun, and with quick lime, pond is carried out disinfection；
(2) pasture and water cultivation:
Plant algae dish and waterweed, water filling at pond bottom, the holdings depth of water is 40～60cm, impose compound fertilizer or
Bio-feritlizer；
(3) seed is put in a suitable place to breed:
Mid or late November, temperature is stablized when 5 DEG C～15 DEG C, every mu of little dragon putting 160～300 tails/kg in a suitable place to breed
Shrimp seedling kind 4000～6000 tail, set is supported and is thrown in Aristichthys nobiliss 20～30 tail that specification is 10 tails/kg, 10 tails/kg's
Silver carp 35～45 tail, blue or green loach 2～4kg, water filling, the holding depth of water is 80～100cm；
Early or mid April next year, temperature is stablized when 16 DEG C～25 DEG C, cultivates Roche in the warm canopy of nursery garden
Macrobrachium Seedling, throws in every mu of Luo pond crayfish fries 60,000～80,000 tail of a length of 0.7～1.2cm of body；
Mid or late June, temperature is stablized when 20 DEG C～30 DEG C, the Luo pond crayfish fries of a length of for body 3.0～4.0cm
Quantity according to every mu 30,000～40,000 tails divides the pool to finished product shrimp aquaculture area to raise；
(4) feedstuff feeding:
The mixture feeding mixed feed or feeding mixed feed and other plant and animal fodder, daily
Feed 2 times, the protein content in described mixed feed is 35%～41%；
(5) water quality management:
Keep water ph value 7.5～8.5, the dissolved oxygen content in pond is not less than 4mg/l；
Pond is carried out changing water, so that transparency is controlled in 30～40cm；
Carry out full pool spilling head with the molten water of quick lime every 15～20d, be spaced more than 3d, using microorganism formulation
Splash full pond；
(6) results are fished for:
Late March catches Procambarus clarkii to early June；Mid or late July to early October catches Macrobrachium rosenbergii；
Aristichthys nobiliss and silver carp reach more than 1kg and are captured；Mid or late October catches Misgurni anguillicaudati.
2. the method for a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1 and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii, its feature exists
In: when pond being carried out disinfection in described step (1), the consumption of every mu of quick lime is 90～110kg.
3. the method for a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1 and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii, its feature exists
In: plant algae dish at pond bottom every 7～8m kind in described step (2), and the intercrop in every two-way algae dish
Waterweed；Suo Shi compound fertilizer is the fertilizer containing n, p, k and trace element.
4. the method for a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1 and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii, its feature exists
In: when in described step (3), nursery garden temperature is less than 25 DEG C, is heated in nursery garden so as to temperature is protected
Hold at 25～30 DEG C.
5. the method for a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1 and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii, its feature exists
In: carry out multiple spot when feeding in described step (4) and feed；6:00～7:00 puts into the 30%～35% of day feeding volume,
17:00～18:00 puts into the 65%～70% of day feeding volume.
6. the method for a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1 and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii, its feature exists
In: every 12～18d, water is once changed to pond in described step (5), quantity of exchanged water is whole pond water
10%～30%；Daily unlatching oxygen increasing equipment 1～6h, when dissolved oxygen in fish pond is less than 4mg/l, opens oxygen supplement
Equipment；With quick lime 4～6kg molten water, is splashed in pond by every mu every 15～20d；Microorganism formulation is
Em bacterium or bacillus cereuss.
7. the method for a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1 and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii, its feature exists
In: when in described step (2) or step (3), pond is in water filling, using 60～80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk filtered water inlets.
8. the method for a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1 and the efficient alternate culture of Procambarus clarkii, its feature
Be: in described step (5) pond when changing water, using 60～80 mesh silk cover filterings.
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| CN107279003A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-24 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | A kind of method that cray cultivates with Macrobrachium rosenbergii crop rotation |
| CN110558260A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-12-13 | 龙海市顺源水产科技有限公司 | Sustainable cultivation technology for litopenaeus vannamei and giant freshwater shrimps in ecological pond |
| CN110999850A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-14 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | Method for controlling density of algae in shrimp pond |
| CN112369352A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-19 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | Pond out-of-season alternate breeding method for micropterus salmoides and litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN112931337A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-06-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Rotational culture method for Australia crayfishes |
| CN113099989A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-13 | 海南归耘田农业科技有限公司 | Rice and shrimp joint cropping ecological breeding method |
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