CN101856000A - Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method, belonging to the freshwater shrimp breeding technical field. The method includes the following steps: 1) sorting and group matching of parent procambrus clarkii; 2) temporary culture of the parent procambrus clarkii; 3) induction concentrated synchronous oviposition; 4) artificial incubation and sorting of spawning procambrus clarkii; 5) cultivation of young procambrus clarkii. The procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method ensures that procambrus clarkii can be successfully propagated indoors by artificially regulating the propagation condition of procambrus clarkii. The method is simple and has strong feasibility, the spawning rate thereof reaches 84%, fertility rate reaches 90%, hatching rate reaches 86%, survival rate reaches more than 80%, the situation that procambrus clarkii postlarvae can be obtained only by natural propagation under the existing condition is changed, the problem that procambrus clarkii postlarvae is scare is solved, and stable and batch postlarvae production capacity is formed. Meanwhile female procambrus clarkiis synchronously lay eggs in a relative concentrated way while natural propagation is in droves and postlarvae can not be quantitatively obtained in time; postlarvae stocking can be carried out ahead of time; and postlarvae specification is relatively uniform.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fresh water shrimp breeding technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method.
Background technology
Procambius clarkii (Procam barus clarkii) has another name called freshwater lobster, Ke Shi crayfish, and local name earth ridge shrimp, cray are subordinate to Arthropoda, Crustachia, Decapoda, the perverse mqb of worm section, Astacinae, former Astacus.Originate in North America, imported Japan into by the U.S. in 1918, nineteen twenty-nine is entered near China Nanjing by Japan.Because Procambius clarkii wide adaptability, fertility are strong, natural population development has become species of China's fresh water water body rapidly, the existing middle and lower reaches areas, the Changjiang river such as Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangxi that mainly are distributed in.The astaxanthin that these shrimp feeding habits are assorted, delicious flavour, characteristics, especially shrimp shell such as nutritious extract, chitin etc. more and more are subjected to extensive use in fields such as food, medicine, papermaking.But, to the nineties in 20th century, along with deepening continuously to this shrimp research, its economic worth just is familiar with gradually, demand to this shrimp constantly rises both at home and abroad, makes it in short supply to a large amount of freezing ripe peeled shrimps of processing of state's outer vent and mass consumption, the price continuous rise; Thereupon, fisherman's interests that live in the present are not stinted and Procambius clarkii is carried out mad catching are excessively dragged for.This has not only caused the Procambius clarkii natural resources to fall sharply day by day, therefore, accelerates Procambius clarkii and propagates industry artificially and develop extremely urgently, particularly solves the deficient problem of seed, and it is particularly important to form seed production capacity stable, in batches.And Procambius clarkii seed production at present is in situations such as natural propagation, Tu Chi cultivation basically, has shortcomings such as seed size is irregular, quantity is unstable, damage is big, poor operability, can not form batch, stable high quality seed production capacity.
Summary of the invention
At the problem that prior art exists, the objective of the invention is to design provides a kind of Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method, this method can form batch, stable high quality Procambius clarkii seed.
Described Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) close shrimp selects and combo
According to the natural propagation time of Procambius clarkii, screening health respectively, sexually matured male and female Procambius clarkii do the parent, and female then male parent shrimp is by 1～2: 1 carries out combo;
2) close shrimp is supported temporarily
Close shrimp after the combo is supported temporarily in indoor cement pit, and the cave habit of imitation Procambius clarkii in natural environment, putting quantity in a suitable place to breed by close shrimp at the bottom of cement pit is that 2～3: 1 relation is provided with nest with nest quantity ratio, nest is piled up with tile and is formed;
3) induce concentrated synchronous spawning
During supporting temporarily, alternately throw something and feed with hairtail, soya bean, pond crayfish batch and barley, and keep 24～28 ℃ of water temperatures, and more than the water body dissolved oxygen amount 5mg/l, water body PH 7.5～8.5, carry out light stimulation with the daylight lamp as light source, photoperiod L: D is 12: 12, and water surface illumination 1500～2000lx carries out simultaneously the stimulation by running water 20～30 minutes of a 10～20m/min weekly to close shrimp, after finding indivedual close shrimp oogenesis, cultivate again and carry out shrimp with ovums after 10～15 days and select;
4) shrimp with ovums selects and artificial incubation
Water in the cement pit is drained laggard pedestrian worker select shrimp with ovums, ovum look palm fibre, Huang, black three kinds of division different developmental phases according to shrimp with ovums, three kinds of shrimp with ovums are gone up net cage respectively, then net cage is floated on respectively on the different hatchery waters surface and hatches, in the incubating oosperm process, control water-soluble oxygen amount is more than or equal to 24～28 ℃ of 5mg/l, PH 7.5～8.5, water temperatures, and juvenile prawn reaches 800～1000 tails/m in the hatchery
2The time, female shrimp of remainder moved in the another hatchery hatch;
5) juvenile prawn is cultivated
Juvenile prawn is cultivated after female shrimp breaks away from, and cultivates the pond middle water level and is controlled at 55～65cm, and 24～28 ℃ of water temperatures are cultivated the throw something and feed powder-material of Macrobrachium rosenbergii or Penaeus Vannmei of the first five day, back five days Macrobrachium rosenbergiis of throwing something and feeding, Penaeus Vannmei 0
#Material or the big halogen worm of rubbing.
Described Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method is characterized in that selecting in the described step 1) that complete, the anosis nothing of limbs is hindered, mobility is strong, specification is done the parent the male and female Procambius clarkii of the maturation of 30～50 gram/tails.
Described Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method is characterized in that described step 2) in the cement pit pool area be 10～20m
2, water level remains on 45～55cm, is piled into " crowd " font structure with the tile of house owed by a citizen and constitutes nest.
Described Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method is characterized in that feeding intake in the described step 3) sooner or later each once, and morning 8～9 a throwing amount of raising accounts for 20～30% of the amount of raising of day throwing, and throw once afternoon 5～6 again.
Described Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method is characterized in that in the described step 3) that when water temperature was lower than 24 ℃, the induced spawning that progressively heats up, heating gradient were 1 ℃/day, until making water temperature stability at 24～28 ℃.
Described Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method is characterized in that in the described step 4) that shrimp with ovums collective behind the net cage was with the povidone iodine soup soaking disinfection of the potassium permanganate soup soaking disinfection 10～20 minutes of 10ppm concentration or 5ppm concentration 5～10 minutes.
Described Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method is characterized in that the hatchery water level keeps 55～65cm in the described step 4).
Described Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method is characterized in that in the described step 4) incubating oosperm after 10～15 days, put at pond, hatchery base fabric that some net sheets are outstanding to be stood in the water body, for juvenile prawn as hidden and habitat.
Above-mentioned Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method, various conditions by the breeding of artificial regulatory Procambius clarkii, guaranteed that Procambius clarkii can be at indoor successful reproduction, this method is simple, can operate strong, its egg laying rate of red swamp reaches 84%, fertilization rate reached 90%, incubation rate reaches 86%, survival rate reaches more than 80%, change the situation that can only rely on Procambius clarkii natural propagation just can obtain shrimp species under the existing situation, solved the deficient problem of Procambius clarkii seed, formed stable, seed production capacity in batches.And female shrimp concentrate synchronous spawning relatively and natural propagation one by one, can't emerge at regular time and quantity; Can put ahead of time the seedling time; Seed size is more neat.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
1. close shrimp selects and combo
According to the natural propagation time of Procambius clarkii, in 6～August then, carry out close shrimp and select, main by dissecting and the method for visual observation, the requirement limbs are complete, anosis nothing is hindered, and mobility is strong, and specification is at 30～50 gram/tails, sexually matured Procambius clarkii male is obviously greater than female, the foot of a chela is thick, and there is a bright red molluscum in its outside, two ends, and arrenotoky hole opening is at the 5th pair of step base portion.Female individual relatively less, belly expands, and female reproduction hole opening is at the 3rd pair of step base portion.According to natural spawning natural insemination method, female male parent shrimp is by 1～2: 1 combo.
2. close shrimp is supported temporarily
With the close shrimp after selecting by male and female 1～2: 1 combo is supported temporarily in indoor cement pit, every pool area 10～20m
2, and the strict sterilization of passing through multiple medicines such as quicklime, potassium permanganate, bleaching powder; Water level remains on about 50cm.And the cave habit of imitation Procambius clarkii in natural environment, at the bottom of cement pit, put quantity in a suitable place to breed a certain proportion of nest is set by close shrimp.Nest be with the tile of house owed by a citizen with
Many word shapes couch at the bottom of the pond, have both done close shrimp and have perched, and can prevent from again to cut one another's throat between shrimp and the shrimp.According to male and female proportioning 1～2: 1, every pond is put female shrimp 200 or 400 tails, male shrimp 100 or 200 tails in a suitable place to breed, lay at the bottom of the pond 100 with
Shape tile nest.
3. induce concentrated synchronous spawning
During supporting temporarily, need enriched nutritive, mainly alternately throw something and feed with multiple feeds such as hairtail, soya bean, pond crayfish batch and barleys; Sooner or later respectively once, 8:30 threw the amount of raising and accounted for 30% of day throwing amount of raising morning, and afternoon, 17:00 threw something and fed once.Particularly, grow, adopted technology such as indoor omnidistance temperature control, oxygenation, illumination, flowing water induced labor in order to promote concentrating synchronously of Procambius clarkii embryo.Keep water temperature at 24～28 ℃, when water temperature was lower than 24 ℃, the induced spawning that progressively heats up, heating gradient were 1 ℃/day, until making water temperature stability more than 24 ℃; The water body dissolved oxygen amount remains on more than the 5mg/l, and PH is between 7.5～8.5; Carry out light stimulation with the daylight lamp as light source, photoperiod L: D is 12: 12, and water surface illumination is 1500～2000lx; Also weekly close shrimp is carried out the stimulation by running water 30 minutes of a 20m/min simultaneously, the oogenesis situation of observing close shrimp every day; After finding indivedual close shrimp oogenesis, cross and to carry out the work of selecting of shrimp with ovums in 10～15 days.
4. shrimp with ovums selects and artificial incubation
Water in the close shrimp pond drained carry out the hand picking shrimp with ovums.For the synchronism of guaranteeing that substantially juvenile prawn hatches, according to ovum look palm fibre, Huang, black three kinds of division different developmental phases, three kinds of shrimp with ovums are gone up net cage respectively, this net cage is to aim at shrimp with ovums to hatch customized, mainly constitute, a flip is arranged above the net cage, when juvenile prawn can be swum out of from mesh after parent breaks away from by wooden frame, screen cloth, play the effect that female shrimp separates with juvenile prawn, with female shrimp with hatch after juvenile prawn separate; Shrimp with ovums collective behind the last net cage was with the povidone iodine soup soaking disinfection 5 of the potassium permanganate soup soaking disinfection 15 of 10ppm concentration or 20 minutes or 5ppm concentration or 10 minutes, be floated on respectively then on the different hatchery waters surface and hatch, the hatchery water level remains on about 60cm.In the incubating oosperm process, adopt the every index of total man's industry control system: 24～28 ℃ of water-soluble oxygen amount 〉=5mg/l, PH 7.5～8.5, water temperatures.Generally, can at the bottom of the pond, see juvenile prawn, need put that some net sheets are outstanding to be stood in the water body this moment,, also greatly reduce cutting one another's throats between juvenile prawn simultaneously mainly as hidden and habitat at the pond base fabric through about 15 days.According to the juvenile prawn density situation in the range estimation pond, general about 800～1000 tails/m
2In time, moves to female shrimp of remainder in the another hatchery and to hatch.
5, juvenile prawn is cultivated
Juvenile prawn needs to cultivate after female shrimp breaks away from.The pond water level is controlled at about 60cm, 24～28 ℃ of water temperatures.The first five day mainly the throw something and feed powder-material of Macrobrachium rosenbergii or Penaeus Vannmei, back five days mainly throw something and feed Macrobrachium rosenbergii or Penaeus Vannmeis 0
#The big halogen worm of material, rubbing etc. is main.Through about ten days, the shrimp seedling can grow up to more than the 1.5cm, and average survival can reach more than 80%.
Adopted on September 28th, 2009 concrete grammar of the present invention to female shrimp 2000 tails, male shrimp 1000 tails (male and female were than 2: 1) cultivate, mating, reproduction test.The dried pond of Nikkei October 24 in 2009 is checked and is obtained shrimp with ovums 1680 tails altogether, calculates to such an extent that female shrimp egg laying rate of red swamp is 84.0%, and the average oogenesis amount of female shrimp is 310.Educate altogether mid-November about juvenile prawn 500,000 tails, 1.5 centimetres of average specifications, calculate incubation rate 86.75%.
Claims (8)
1. Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) close shrimp selects and combo
According to the natural propagation time of Procambius clarkii, screening health respectively, sexually matured male and female Procambius clarkii do the parent, and female then male parent shrimp is by 1～2: 1 carries out combo;
2) close shrimp is supported temporarily
Close shrimp after the combo is supported temporarily in indoor cement pit, and the cave habit of imitation Procambius clarkii in natural environment, putting quantity in a suitable place to breed by close shrimp at the bottom of cement pit is that 2～3: 1 relation is provided with nest with nest quantity ratio, nest is piled up with tile and is formed;
3) induce concentrated synchronous spawning
During supporting temporarily, alternately throw something and feed with hairtail, soya bean, pond crayfish batch and barley, and keep 24～28 ℃ of water temperatures, and more than the water body dissolved oxygen amount 5mg/l, water body PH 7.5～8.5, carry out light stimulation with the daylight lamp as light source, photoperiod L: D is 12: 12, and water surface illumination 1500～2000lx carries out simultaneously the stimulation by running water 20～30 minutes of a 10～20m/min weekly to close shrimp, after finding indivedual close shrimp oogenesis, cultivate again and carry out shrimp with ovums after 10～15 days and select;
4) shrimp with ovums selects and artificial incubation
Water in the cement pit is drained laggard pedestrian worker select shrimp with ovums, ovum look palm fibre, Huang, black three kinds of division different developmental phases according to shrimp with ovums, three kinds of shrimp with ovums are gone up net cage respectively, then net cage is floated on respectively on the different hatchery waters surface and hatches, in the incubating oosperm process, control water-soluble oxygen amount is more than or equal to 24～28 ℃ of 5mg/l, PH 7.5～8.5, water temperatures, and juvenile prawn reaches 800～1000 tails/m in the hatchery
2The time, female shrimp of remainder moved in the another hatchery hatch;
5) juvenile prawn is cultivated
Juvenile prawn is cultivated after female shrimp breaks away from, and cultivates the pond middle water level and is controlled at 55～65cm, and 24～28 ℃ of water temperatures are cultivated the throw something and feed powder-material of Macrobrachium rosenbergii or Penaeus Vannmei of the first five day, back five days Macrobrachium rosenbergiis of throwing something and feeding, Penaeus Vannmei 0
#Material or the big halogen worm of rubbing.
2. Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that selecting in the described step 1) that complete, the anosis nothing of limbs is hindered, mobility is strong, specification is done the parent the male and female Procambius clarkii of the maturation of 30～50 gram/tails.
3. Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described step 2) in the cement pit pool area be 10～20m
2, water level remains on 45～55cm, is piled into " crowd " font structure with the tile of house owed by a citizen and constitutes nest.
4. Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that feeding intake in the described step 3) sooner or later each once, and morning 8～9 a throwing amount of raising accounts for 20～30% of the amount of raising of day throwing, and throw once afternoon 5～6 again.
5. Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the described step 3) that when water temperature was lower than 24 ℃, the induced spawning that progressively heats up, heating gradient were 1 ℃/day, until making water temperature stability at 24～28 ℃.
6. Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the described step 4) that shrimp with ovums collective behind the net cage was with the povidone iodine soup soaking disinfection of the potassium permanganate soup soaking disinfection 10～20 minutes of 10ppm concentration or 5ppm concentration 5～10 minutes.
7. Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the hatchery water level keeps 55～65cm in the described step 4).
8. Procambrus clarkii indoor artificial propagation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the described step 4) incubating oosperm after 10～15 days, put at pond, hatchery base fabric that some net sheets are outstanding to be stood in the water body, for juvenile prawn as hidden and habitat.
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| CN102217567A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2011-10-19 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | In-vitro culture technology for fertilized ova of beautiful white shrimps |
| CN102919170A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-02-13 | 常熟理工学院 | Conservation method for procambarus clarkii egg-carrying shrimps |
| CN103210863A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-07-24 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Establishing method of procambarus clarkia family |
| CN103314906A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-25 | 太仓年年有渔农业科技有限公司 | Breed conservation method for ovigerous shrimps of cherax quadricarinatus |
| CN104430069A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 全椒县花溪湖特种水产合作社 | Cray indoor artificial reproduction method |
| CN104782535A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-22 | 郭永涛 | Freshwater shrimp culture method in agritainment of Anhui area |
| CN105230544A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 湖北省小龙虾良种选育繁育中心有限公司 | Artificial breeding method for crayfishes in net cage |
| CN106332819A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-01-18 | 杨九祥 | Method for efficient alternate aquaculture of macrobrachium rosenbergii and lobsters |
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| CN108244008A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-06 | 天津海升水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers parent crab synchronous spawning |
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| CN102217567A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2011-10-19 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | In-vitro culture technology for fertilized ova of beautiful white shrimps |
| CN102919170A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-02-13 | 常熟理工学院 | Conservation method for procambarus clarkii egg-carrying shrimps |
| CN103210863A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-07-24 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Establishing method of procambarus clarkia family |
| CN103314906A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-25 | 太仓年年有渔农业科技有限公司 | Breed conservation method for ovigerous shrimps of cherax quadricarinatus |
| CN104430069A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 全椒县花溪湖特种水产合作社 | Cray indoor artificial reproduction method |
| CN104782535A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-22 | 郭永涛 | Freshwater shrimp culture method in agritainment of Anhui area |
| CN105230544A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 湖北省小龙虾良种选育繁育中心有限公司 | Artificial breeding method for crayfishes in net cage |
| CN106332819A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-01-18 | 杨九祥 | Method for efficient alternate aquaculture of macrobrachium rosenbergii and lobsters |
| CN107683810A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-13 | 黄石晨科饲料科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection |
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