CN106266885A - 一种检验科用中药消毒液 - Google Patents
一种检验科用中药消毒液 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106266885A CN106266885A CN201610650093.1A CN201610650093A CN106266885A CN 106266885 A CN106266885 A CN 106266885A CN 201610650093 A CN201610650093 A CN 201610650093A CN 106266885 A CN106266885 A CN 106266885A
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及中药应用领域,特别公开了一种检验科用中药消毒液。该一种检验科用中药消毒液由大青叶、红藤、茜草、蚤休、大蓟、贯众、麻黄、桂枝、防风、常山、佩兰、石苇、桑寄生、蛇床子、女口茵陈、良姜、雄黄、大戟、芫花、赤芍、当归、薄荷、羌活、仙鹤草、白矾、白芷、紫苏叶、石苇等五十四味中草药按照一定的重量配比采用现代先进的医药制药技术制成,本发明配制简单,杀菌效果好,药效持续时间长,杀菌效果显著,无副作用,安全性高,生产成本低,具有杀菌能力强,作用速度快,稳定性好的显著优点,不污染环境,对人和动物无刺激,无毒副作用,是一种值得推广的理想杀菌药物。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及中药应用领域,特别涉及一种检验科用中药消毒液。
(二)背景技术
检验科是临床医学和基础医学之间的桥梁,包括临床化学、临床微生物学、临床免疫学、血液学、体液学以及输血学等分支学科。检验科作为医院进行医学检验的科室,检验工作需要在无菌条件下进行,以防止细菌、真菌以及病毒等混入检验标本,影响检验效果,使检验结果不精确,为此,检验科的杀菌消毒工作十分重要。
(三)发明内容
本发明为了弥补现有技术的不足,提供了一种制备简单、疗效显著的一种检验科用中药消毒液。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
一种检验科用中药消毒液,制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:大青叶30-60g、红藤30-70g、茜草25-75g、蚤休30-70g、大蓟25-70g、贯众30-70g、麻黄26-65g、桂枝30-70g、防风25-65g、常山25-65g、佩兰30-70g、石苇20-70g、桑寄生25-75g、蛇床子20-65g、女口茵陈25-65g、良姜30-70g、雄黄35-75g、大戟25-70g、芫花25-70g、赤芍20-60g、当归25-70g、薄荷20-65g、羌活30-75g、仙鹤草20-65g、白矾25-70g、白芷30-70g、紫苏叶25-75g、石苇20-70g、瞿麦30-70g、川芎25-65g、皂角20-70g、当归25-60g、麦冬20-60g、莱服子23-65g、竹茹20-65g、百部20-70g、防风20-65g、细辛20-50g、葱白20-60g、大黄25-70g、知母30-75g、夏枯草20-65g、马齿苋20-70g、木通25-65g、丹皮20-65g、秦皮20-75g、地丁30-70g、白头翁25-75g、黄精20-65g、黄药子25-75g、五味子20-60g、黄芩25-70g、黄连20-60g、厚朴25-65g。
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:大青叶30g、红藤30g、茜草25g、蚤休30g、大蓟25g、贯众30g、麻黄26g、桂枝30g、防风25g、常山25g、佩兰30g、石苇20g、桑寄生25g、蛇床子20g、女口茵陈25g、良姜30g、雄黄35g、大戟25g、芫花25g、赤芍20g、当归25g、薄荷20g、羌活30g、仙鹤草20g、白矾25g、白芷30g、紫苏叶25g、石苇20g、瞿麦30g、川芎25g、皂角20g、当归25g、麦冬20g、莱服子23g、竹茹20g、百部20g、防风20g、细辛20g、葱白20g、大黄25g、知母30g、夏枯草20、马齿苋20g、木通25g、丹皮20g、秦皮20g、地丁30g、白头翁25g、黄精20g、黄药子25g、五味子20g、黄芩25g、黄连20g、厚朴25g。
将上述中药清洗后煎煮,滤渣、放凉后,按照1:4的比例与75%的酒精溶液混合,混合均匀后静置、滤渣加入辅助药物,利用现代先进的制药科技,制成杀菌洗液,即为所述的一种检验科用中药消毒液。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
大青叶:性寒,味苦。归心经、胃经。清热解毒、凉血清斑。属清热药下分类的清热解毒药,用治温病、血热发斑、壮热不退、痄腮、喉痹、丹毒以及血热妄行的上部出血症等。具有抗病原微生物作用,尚具有抗内毒素的作用。对大鼠有利尿作用,对大鼠蛋清性“关节炎”及右旋糖酐性“关节炎”均有明显的抗炎作用。含黄酮苷-山大青苷,此外,也含有靛玉兰、靛蓝、菘蓝苷B、靛玉红、呋喃木糖甜酸等成分。
红藤:味苦,平,无毒。 归肝经、大肠经。 活血通络,败毒散瘀,祛风杀虫。 治急、慢性阑尾炎,风湿痹痛,赤痢,血淋,月经不调,疳积,虫痛,跌扑损伤。清热解毒,活血,祛风。用于肠痈腹痛、经闭痛经、风湿痹痛、跌打扑痛。红藤具有清热解毒,活血通络,祛风杀虫的功效;红藤适用于腹痛,跌打损伤,痛经,风湿关节疼痛等症;红藤配败酱草,清热解毒;活血消痈,红藤配连翘:泻火清热;红藤配苦参,清热解毒、祛风杀虫。
茜草:性寒,味苦。归肝经。凉血、止血、祛瘀、通经。属止血药下分类的凉血止血药。内服煎汤,或入丸散,治疗吐血、衄血、崩漏、外伤出血,经闭阏阻、关节痹痛、跌扑肿痛。脾胃虚寒及无瘀滞者忌服。具有缩短出血时间、抗血小板聚集、升高白细胞的作用;具有镇咳祛痰、抗菌、抗癌作用,能防止实验性肾和膀胱结石的形成,尤其对碳酸钙结石的形成有抑制作用;对实验性心肌梗死有治疗作用;对抗乙酸胆碱所致的离体肠痉挛,有解痉作用。对离体子宫有兴奋作用;具有扩张血管、抑制皮肤结缔组织通透性的作用。小鼠口服根煎剂有明显止咳和祛痰作用,但加酒精沉淀后,滤液即无效;根煎剂能对抗离体兔回肠的收缩作用;根水提物对离体豚鼠子宫有兴奋作用,产妇口服亦有加强子宫收缩的作用;根温浸液能扩张蛙足蹼膜血管,并稍能缩短家兔的血液凝固时间;根在试管内对金黄色与白色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌及流感杆菌等有一定的抑制作用。
蚤休:苦辛,寒,有毒。入心、肝经。清热解毒,平喘止咳,熄风定惊。治痈肿,疔疮,瘰疬,喉痹,慢性气管炎,小儿惊风抽搐,蛇虫咬伤。蚤休100%制剂在试管内对肠道杆菌和化脓性球菌等多种致病菌皆有抗菌作用,醇提取物7.8毫克/毫升在体外有杀灭钩端螺旋体作用,用鸡胚接种法证明水或醇提取物对甲型及亚洲甲型流感病毒都有抑制作用,稀释至1:1万至1:10万仍有效。
大蓟:凉血止血,行瘀消肿。主治吐血,咯血,衄血,便血,尿血,妇女崩漏,外伤出血,疮疡肿痛,瘰疬,湿疹,肝炎,肾炎。抗菌作用,体外试验,大蓟乙醇浸剂1:30000时对人型结核杆菌有抑制作用,大蓟水提物对单纯疱疹病毒有明显抑制作用。
贯众:治疗风热感冒,目赤,咽喉肿痛,咳嗽痰多等病。预防流行性乙型脑炎、流行性腮腺炎等传染病。也有驱虫的作用,对蛔虫,绦虫,虫积腹痛有很好的作用。
麻黄:发汗散寒,宣肺平喘,利水消肿。抑制过敏递质释放;溶血素减少,呈抗补体作用。抗菌,对金黄色葡萄球菌,甲、乙型溶血链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎双球菌、炭疽杆菌、白喉杆菌、大肠杆菌、奈瑟双球菌有较强的消杀作用。
桂枝:发汗解肌,温经通脉。治风寒表证,肩背肢节酸疼,胸痹痰饮,经闭癥瘕。抗菌作用桂枝醇提物在体外能抑制大肠杆菌,枯草杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌,有效浓度为25毫克/毫升或以下;对白色葡萄球菌,志贺氏痢疾杆菌,伤寒和副伤寒甲杆菌,肺炎球菌,产气杆菌,变形杆菌,炭疽杆菌,肠炎沙门氏菌,霍乱弧菌等亦有抑制作用。
防风:含挥发油,甘露醇,酚类,多糖类,本品有解热,抗惊厥等作用,对绿脓杆菌和金黄色葡萄糖菌有一定的灭活作用,对痢疾杆菌、溶血性链球菌亦有较强的抑制作用。
常山:除痰,截疟;治疟疾,瘰疬。体外实验证明,常山对甲型流行感冒病毒PR8有抑制作用,对感染流感的小鼠也有效果。体外和动物实验、治疗,均证明对阿米巴原虫有一定抑制作用。
佩兰:味辛;性平。入脾、胃经。 解暑化湿;辟秽和中。主感受暑湿;寒热头痛;湿润内蕴;脘痞不饥;恶心呕吐;口中甜腻;消洵。用于湿浊中阻,脘痞呕恶,口中甜腻,口臭,多涎,暑湿表症,头胀胸闷。
石苇:甘苦、微寒。入肺,膀胱经。热淋、血淋、尿涩作痛。
桑寄生:补肝肾,强筋骨,祛风湿,安胎,主腰膝酸痛,筋骨痿弱,肢体偏枯,风湿痹痛,头错目眩,胎动不安,崩漏下血。用于风湿痹痛,腰膝酸软,筋骨无力,崩漏经多,妊娠漏血,胎动不安,高血压等;有镇静作用,抗病毒,抗血栓,降压、利尿、扩张血管,降压作用,治疗肝炎,抗肿瘤等。
蛇床子:温肾壮阳,燥湿,祛风,杀虫。用于阳痿,宫冷,寒湿带下,湿痹腰痛;外治外阴湿疹,妇人阴痒;滴虫性阴道炎。蛇床子素、佛手柑内酯和异虎耳草素体外试验对发癣菌的须发癣菌有强的活性;花椒毒酚具有显著的抗霉菌作用。
女口茵陈:清热利湿;退黄。主治:黄疸、小便不利、湿疮瘙痒、传染性黄疸型肝炎。有显著的保肝作用,对甲,乙型肝炎,黄疸型肝炎,有显著的疗效.有利胆,促进胆汁分泌,增加胆汁中胆酸和胆红素排出的作用.能增加心脏冠脉血流量,改善微循环,并有降血压,降血脂,抗凝血,利尿解热平喘,驱除蛔虫及抑制多种致病性皮肤真菌与细菌的作用。
雄黄:辛苦,温,有毒。入心、肝、胃经。燥湿,祛风,杀虫,解毒。治疥癣,秃疮,痈疽,走马牙疳,缠腰蛇丹,破伤风,蛇虫蟹伤,腋臭,臁疮,哮喘,喉痹,惊痫,痔瘘。
1.抗菌作用:雄黄水浸剂(1∶2)在试管内对多种皮肤真菌有不同程度的抑制作用,其 1/100的浓度于黄豆固体培养基上试验,对人型、牛型结核秆菌及耻垢杆菌有抑制生长的作用。用菖蒲、艾叶、雄黄合剂烟熏2-4小时以上,对金黄色葡萄球菌、变形杆菌、绿脓杆菌均有杀菌作用。2.抗血吸虫作用:感染日本血吸虫尾蚴的小鼠,于感染前3天开始给雄黄、槟榔、阿魏、肉桂合剂0.2ml/20g,感染后继续给药12天,成虫减少率达75.27%,动物无虫率达14.29%,无雌虫率达42.86%。雄黄有杀菌作用。雄黄1:2的水浸液在试管内对堇色毛癣菌等皮肤真菌有抑制作用。
大戟:苦,寒。有毒。入肺、脾、肾经。 泻水逐饮:主治水肿胀满,二便不通,形证俱实者。也可用于痰饮积聚, 胸膈胀满,胁肋隐痛。消肿散结可用于痈肿疮毒及痰火瘰疠,内服外用均可。
芫花:辛;苦;性温;有毒。 肺经;脾经;肾经;膀胱经。泻水逐饮;祛痰止咳;解毒杀虫。主治:水肿;膨胀;痰饮胸水;喘咳;痈疖疮癣。
赤芍:清热凉血,散瘀止痛。用于温毒发斑,吐血衄血,目赤肿痛,肝郁胁痛,经闭痛经,症瘕腹痛,跌扑损伤,痈肿疮疡。赤芍能清血分实热,散瘀血留滞。该品功能与丹皮相近,故常与丹皮相须为用。但丹皮清热凉血的作用较佳,既能清血分实热,又能治阴虚发热;而赤芍只能用于血分实热,以活血散瘀见长。治瘀滞经闭,疝瘕积聚,腹痛,胁痛,衄血,血痢,肠风下血,目赤,痈肿。用于温热病,热入营血、发热、舌绛、身发斑疹,以及血热妄行等。配生地、牡丹皮等。用于经闭,跌打损伤,疮痈肿毒等气血瘀滞证。配川芎、当归、桃仁、红花等,可用于经闭及跌扑损伤;配当归、金银花、甘草等,可用于疮痈肿毒。去瘀,止痛,凉血,消肿。治瘀滞经闭,疝瘕积聚,腹痛,胁痛,衄血,血痢,肠风下血,目赤,痈肿。止痛,利小便,益气。
当归:补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。用于血虚萎黄、眩晕心悸、月经不调、经闭痛经、虚寒腹痛、肠燥便秘、风湿痹痛、跌扑损伤、痈疽疮疡。中医治病讲究辨证施治,每个人的体质不一样,用药也不一样,好的补品不一定适合你的体质。俗话说的药到病除就是药对症了。实体中医诊所,中医坐诊,见左上方。治疗男性阳痿早泄前列腺炎,女性痛经月经不调。
薄荷:治疗感冒、上呼吸道感染的发热、鼻塞、头痛、咽痛等症状。薄荷所含的8种儿茶萘酚酸是有效的抗炎剂,能抑制3a一羟类固醇脱氢酶而有弱自:抗炎作用。薄荷所含的蓝香油烃对烫伤兔耳有抗炎作用。 薄荷能增加呼吸道黏液的分泌。祛除了附着于黏膜上的黏液,能减少泡沫痰,使呼吸道的有效通气量增大。
羌活:疏风,散热,辟秽,解毒。治外感风热,头痛,目赤,咽喉肿痛,食滞气胀,口疮,牙痛,疮疥,瘾疹。主治风热表症,头痛眩晕,目赤肿痛,咽痛声哑,鼻渊,牙痛,麻疹不透,隐疹瘙痒,肝郁胁痛脘胀,瘰疬结核。
仙鹤草:收敛止血,解毒疗疮,杀虫,涩汗,止咳。用于咯血、吐血、衄血、尿血、崩漏、血痢、疟疾、消渴病多汗、伤力咳嗽等症,外治滴虫性阴道炎、疖疮痈肿、痔疮等症。据分析,仙鹤草提取液至少含有12种成分,其大部分均呈抗癌性。抗菌、抗炎作用 实验证明:仙鹤草的热水或乙醇浸液在试管内对枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、福氏痢疾杆菌及伤寒杆菌等均有抑制作用, 对人型结核杆菌亦有抑制作用.全草水提取物及水-醇提取物, 对芥子油或葡萄球菌感染引起的家兔结膜炎, 均有消炎作用,
白矾:明矾有抗菌作用、收敛作用等,可用做中药,中医认为明矾具有解毒杀虫,燥湿止痒,止血止泻,清热消痰的功效。近年来的研究证实,明矾还具有抗菌,抗阴道滴虫等作用。一些中医用明矾来治疗高脂血症、十二指肠溃疡、肺结核咯血等疾病。
白芷:祛风湿,活血排脓,生肌止痛。用于头痛、牙痛、鼻渊、肠风痔漏、赤白带下、痈疽疮疡、皮肤瘙痒。
紫苏叶:发表,散寒,理气,和营。治感冒风寒,恶寒发热,咳嗽,气喘,胸腹胀满,胎动不安。并能解鱼蟹毒。
石苇:性微寒,味苦、甘。归肺经、膀胱经。利尿通淋、清热止血。属利水渗湿药分类下的利尿通淋药。用治热淋、石淋、血淋、肺热咳嗽、慢性气管炎、崩中漏下、吐血、衄血、尿血、肾炎水肿等。镇咳、祛痰;抗菌、抗病毒;对于化学疗法及放射线疗法引起的白细胞下降,有使其升高作用,可增强机体吞噬细胞能力,抑制前列腺素的合成。抗炎、解热;抗菌;具有抗凝血和调节免疫功能的作用。水煎液(30毫克/毫升)在试管内能抑制钩端螺旋体的生长。
瞿麦:清热利水,破血通经。治小便不通,淋病,水肿,经闭,痈肿,目赤障翳,浸淫疮毒。
川芎:性温,味辛。归肝经、胆经、心包经。活血行气,祛风止痛。属活血化瘀药下属分类的活血止痛药。对心脑血管系统的影响:对心脏有抑制作用;可扩血管,降血压;增加冠脉流量;对心肌及再灌注损伤有保护作用;改善微循环;改善脑循环及脑缺血。改善血液系统、利尿、增强免疫系统;可抑制白三烯、组胺、前列腺素E2引起的气管收缩;能预防和保护肾上腺素所致大鼠实验性肺水肿;有抗肿瘤及抗放射等作用。
皂角:性温,味辛、咸。有小毒。归肺经、大肠经。开窍祛痰、散结消肿、润燥通便。属涌吐药。抗菌。毒性:有溶血作用及其他组织细胞毒作用,特别是对中枢神经系统。药理实验表明,皂苷能使呼吸道分泌增加产生祛痰作用;尚刺激胃肠黏膜产生腹泻,腐蚀胃黏膜产生吸收中毒;对某些革兰氏阴性肠内致病菌及某些皮肤真菌有抑制作用。
当归:性温,味甘、辛。归肝经、心经、脾经。补血活血、调经止痛、润肠通便。属补虚药下属分类的补血药。用治血虚萎黄、眩晕心悸、月经不调、经闭痛经、虚寒腹痛、肠燥便秘、风湿痹痛、跌扑损伤、痈疽疮疡。有降低血小板聚集及抗血栓;促进造血系统功能;降血脂及抗动脉硬化;抗氧化和清除自由基;增强免疫系统功能;抑制I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型变态反应;对子宫具有兴奋及抑制的双向性作用;抑制前列腺增生;抗促性腺激素;抗辐射损伤;抗肿瘤;抗炎镇痛、抗损伤;保肝,利胆,促进消化,抑制胃肠的推动运动;具有抑制神经系统、松弛气管平滑肌、利尿、抑菌等作用。可抑制离体动物的子宫而兴奋整体动物的子宫。藁本内酯对实验动物有平喘作用,对其中枢神经系统有抑制作用。抗贫血作用可能与所含的维生素B12和铁、锌等微量元素有关。挥发油中主要成分为藁本内酯、正丁烯基嗼内酯和当归酮等,尚含维生素B12和铁、锌等多种微量元素。另含阿魏酸、苯乙酮、菖蒲二烯、香荆芥酚、愈创木酚、茴香酸、当归内酯、藁本内酯二聚体等。
麦冬:性微寒,味甘、微苦。归心经、肺经、胃经。养阴生津、润肺清心。属补虚药下分类的补阴药。用治肺燥干咳、吐血、肺痈、虚劳烦热、消渴、热病津伤、咽干口燥、便秘等。有保护心血管系统的作用;增强耐缺氧,延长常压缺氧的存活时间;增强免疫功能;降血糖;延缓衰老;抑制胃肠推进作用;抗菌。麦冬为良好的养阴润肺药,近年来发现其在降低血糖的作用较好;临床应用强心作用稳定而效果佳。实验还证明,麦冬中的水溶性多糖有抗缺氧和免疫促进作用。含多种甾体皂苷,其中麦冬皂苷A含量最高,麦冬皂苷B次之;此外含多种高异黄酮类化合物。从浙麦冬中还分离鉴定出5种黄酮类化合物。另还含麦冬黄酮A、鲁斯可皂昔元、薯蓣皂苷元、麦冬黄烷酮、α-广藿香烯、十六烷酸乙酯、齐墩果酸等。
莱服子:莱菔子水提物对葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌等有显著的抑制作用,水浸剂对同心性毛癣菌、许兰氏黄癣菌、奥杜盎氏小孢子菌、铁锈色小芽孢癣菌、羊毛状小芽孢癣菌及星形奴卡氏菌也有不同程度的抑制作用。莱菔素1mg/ml浓度在体外对多种细菌有明显的抑制作用,对葡萄球菌、痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌和大肠杆菌的MIC分别为40、125、125及200mcg/ml。莱菔素于体外与细菌外毒素混合后有明显的解毒作用,稀释为1:200时能中和5个致死量的破伤风毒素,1 :500可中和4个致死量的白喉毒素,稀释至1:1600时尚能降低白喉毒素的皮肤坏死作用。
竹茹:微寒性,味甘。归胃经、胆经、脾经。寒性,味甘。归胃经、胆经、脾经。用治痰热咳嗽、胆火挟痰、烦热呕吐、惊悸失眠、中风痰迷、舌强不语、胃热呕吐、妊娠恶阻、胎动不安。
百部:润肺止咳,新久咳嗽,百日咳,肺结核咳嗽。体外试验表明: 百部煎剂及醇浸剂对肺炎球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、脑膜炎球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、白喉杆菌、肺炎杆菌、鼠疫杆菌、炭疽杆菌、枯草杆菌以及霍乱弧菌、人型结核杆菌等均有不同程度的抑制作用.蔓生百部水浸液在体外对某些致病真菌有一定的抑制作用.百部煎剂能降低亚洲甲型流感病毒对小鼠的致病力,对已感染的小鼠亦有治疗作用.用鸡胚培养的新城病毒试验表明:百部能延长鸡胚寿命36小时.蔓生百部与其他品种百部的水浸液及乙醇浸液,对蚊蝇幼虫、头虱、衣虱及臭虫等均有杀灭作用,醇浸剂较水浸剂的效力为大.百部乙醇浸出物的50%蒸馏水混悬液接触阴虱数分钟即可将其杀死, 水浸液则无效.用70%的乙醇浸出液杀头虱和阴虱的效力比DDT和除虫菊强.高浓度百部在体外有杀死鼠蛲虫的作用.
防风:性温,味甘、辛。归膀胱经、肝经、脾经、发表、祛风、除湿。属解表药下分类辛温解表药。内服治疗感冒、头痛、发热、无汗、风湿痹痛、四肢拘挛、皮肤风湿瘙痒、破伤风等症,解热、降温;镇痛、镇静和抗惊厥;抗菌;抗炎;增强免疫系统功能;抑制离体十二指肠、离体气管和回肠平滑肌收缩;抗组胺;抗凝。防风煎剂或醇浸剂,给兔灌胃或给大鼠腹腔注射,有解热作用;给小鼠灌胃或腹腔及皮下注射防风煎剂及醇浸剂,有镇痛作用;肌注正丁醇提取物,可降低大鼠血液黏度;防风煎剂、醇浸剂灌服或腹腔给药,对大鼠、小鼠具抗炎免疫作用。防风煎剂具抗菌、抗病毒作用。含挥发油,油中有20种化合物,含量较高的有辛醛、β-甜没药烯、升麻素苷、β-荜澄茄烯、防风色酮醇、亥茅酚、升麻素、甲基丁香酚、β-蒎烯、石防风素、防风酸性多糖、镰叶芹二醇、香草酸,人参炔醇 (相对含量为82.6%),此外含有色原酮、香豆素、聚乙炔类、多糖类等成分。
细辛:性温,味辛。归心经、肺经、肾经。祛风、散寒、通窍止痛、温肺祛痰。属解表药下属分类的辛温解表药。用治风寒感冒,头痛,牙痛鼻塞鼻渊,风湿痹痛,痰饮喘咳。有局部麻醉作用,对关节炎有一定程度的抑制作用,还具有一定的抑菌作用,有增强脂质代谢及升高血糖的作用,调节机体平滑肌功能。挥发油能使麻醉动物血压下降,而煎剂则使血压上升;并具消炎和抗惊厥作用。还有镇痛、镇静、抑制发热、解热、抗组胺和抗变态反应和兴奋呼吸作用。含挥发油,主要成分甲基丁香酚、优香芹酮、黄樟醚、β-蒎烯、α-蒎烯、龙脑、异茴香醚、细辛酯素等。此外,尚含一种消旋-去钾乌药碱。微量元素有钾、钠、镁、钙、铁、锰、铜、锌等。另含山柰酚、山柰酚3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、γ-松油烯、β-松油烯、α-侧柏烯、细辛脑、(-)-细辛脂素等成分。
葱白:性温,味辛。归肺经、胃经。发表,通阳,解毒,杀虫。属解表药下分类的辛温解表药。主治感冒风寒,阴寒腹痛,二便不通,痢疾,疮痈肿痛,虫积腹痛。具有抗菌、抗原虫、驱虫、镇静、镇痛、发汗、祛痰、利尿等作用。
大黄:性寒,味苦。归脾经、胃经、大肠经、肝经、心包经。泻热通便、凉血解毒、逐瘀通经。属泻下药下属分类的攻下药。用治实热便秘、积滞腹痛、泻痢不爽、湿热黄疸、血热吐衄、目赤、咽肿、肠痈疔疮、瘀血经闭、跌打损伤。外用适量,治水火烫伤、上消化道出血。泻下成分为结合性蒽醌苷类,抑菌成分为游离性蒽醌。大黄不含土大黄苷,可作为鉴别正、伪品的依据之一。动物实验表明,提取物有泻下、抑菌、止血、促进胆汁分泌、降脂、降压和抗肿瘤作用,对消化系统有导泻、利胆、保肝、抗胃和十二指肠溃疡、兴奋肠管平滑肌的作用。
知母:性寒,味苦、甘。归肺经、胃经、肾经。清热泻火、生津润燥。属清热药下属分类的清热泻火药。用治外感热病、高热烦渴、肺热燥咳、骨蒸潮热、内热消渴、肠燥便秘。药理研究认为,有解热、镇痛、消炎和利尿作用;抑制Na+-K+-ATP酶的活性;调节肾上腺素能和胆碱能神经系统;能延缓肝细胞对皮质醇的分解代谢;降低血糖;可抗血小板聚集;抗病原微生物;能延长环己巴比妥引起的睡眠时间;具有利胆、免疫抑制等作用。本品含芒果苷、知母皂苷A-Ⅰ、知母皂苷A-Ⅱ、知母皂苷A-Ⅲ、知母皂苷A-Ⅳ、知母皂苷B-Ⅰ、知母皂苷B-Ⅱ,知母多糖A、知母多糖B、知母多糖C、知母多糖D、扁柏树脂酚、β-谷固醇、知母双糖等。尚含胆碱、烟酸、泛酸以及芒果苷。
夏枯草:性寒,味辛、苦。归肝经、胆经。清火、明目、散结、消肿。属清热药下属分类的清热泻火药。用治目赤肿痛、目珠夜痛、头痛眩晕、瘰疠、瘿瘤、乳痈肿痛、甲状腺肿大、淋巴结结核、乳腺增生、高血压。具有降压、抗心律失常、抗炎、免疫抑制、降血糖、抗菌、抗病毒、抗细胞毒作用。薄层层析鉴定证明,不同生长时期的果穗(红棕色、青色、黑色)均含熊果酸、齐墩果酸、咖啡酸、没食子酸、夏枯草皂苷A、夏枯草皂苷B、伞形花内酯、油酸等成分,黑色果穗所含熊果酸的量较低,而根和茎叶检不出熊果酸和齐墩果酸。
马齿苋:味酸,性寒。归大肠经、肝经。清热解毒、凉血止血。属清热药下属清热解毒药。外用适量捣敷患处。用治肠炎、菌痢、疔疮肿毒、蛇虫咬伤、痔疮肿痛、湿疹、急性皮炎、亚急性皮炎、带状疱疹、产后及功能性子官出血、阑尾炎、钩虫病。有收缩子宫的作用;影响心血管和呼吸系统;对骨骼肌呈双相作用,使小肠收缩张力、振幅和频率均增加,但也有报道,本品煎剂对豚鼠离体小肠有抑制作用;抗菌作用;具有降胆固醇作用。能促进上皮细胞功能的正常化及溃疡的愈合。有利尿作用。醇提取物或水煎剂对多种痢疾杆菌有显著抑制作用;还对大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及杜盎氏小芽孢癣菌等致病性皮肤真菌有抑制作用,对痢疾杆菌能产生耐药性;还能促进溃疡愈合、收缩血管、调血脂。主含维生素、有机酸、氨基酸、糖类、脂肪酸、黄酮类、微量元素、黏液质、丙氨酸、甜菜素、甜菜苷、异甜菜素、异甜菜苷、去甲肾上腺素等成分。
木通:性寒,味苦。归心经、小肠经、膀胱经。清热利尿、通经下乳。属利水渗湿药下属分类的利尿通淋药用治水肿、淋病、小便不通、关节痹痛、经闭乳少。有显著利尿作用。取生药灰分给大鼠ig后,排尿量与对照组相似,可以排除川木通本身所含电解质引起利尿的作用。含皂苷、植物甾醇、内酯、香豆素类及糖类。另含以齐墩果酸为甙元的绣球藤皂甙A、B,还含无羁萜,β-香树脂醇,β-谷甾醇,β-谷甾醇-β-D-葡萄糖甙,正二十五烷,正二十八醇。
丹皮:味苦,凉,微寒。清热;活血散瘀。主温热病热入血分;发斑;吐衄;热泪盈眶病菌后期热伏阴分发热;阴虚骨蒸潮热;血滞经闭;痛经;痈肿疮毒;跌扑伤痛;风湿热痹。用于温毒发斑,吐血衄血,夜热早凉,无汗骨蒸,经闭痛经,痈肿疮毒,跌扑伤痛。
秦皮:性寒,味苦、涩。归肝经、胆经、大肠经。清热燥湿、收涩、明目。属清热药下属分类的清热燥湿药。用治热痢、泄泻、赤白带下、目赤肿痛、目生翳膜。抗菌、抗炎、镇痛,可用于“痛风”性关节炎,影响花生四烯酸代谢;还有止咳、祛痰、平喘作用。含七叶树苷、秦皮苷、七叶树内酯等成分,并分得微量成分N-苯基-2-苯胺,该成分首次从木樨科中得到。另含马栗树皮苷、马栗树皮素、秦皮素、秦皮甲素、秦皮乙素、熊果酸、胡萝卜苷等成分。
地丁:性味:苦,寒。清热解毒。治疔疮痈肿,黄疸内热,小儿鼻血,阑尾炎,毒蛇咬伤。清热、消肿、消炎。体外试验对痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌、皮肤真菌有抑制作用。
白头翁:性寒,味苦。归胃经、大肠经。清热解毒、凉血止痢。属清热药下分类的清热凉血药。煎剂及其皂苷体内外均有明显的抗阿米巴原虫作用,毒性很低;水提醇沉注射液能明显抑制体内移植瘤和荷瘤小鼠存活时间,还能提高机体免疫力,降低脾指数,升高胸腺指数;乙醇提取液对试管内的多种细菌和真菌有不同程度的抑制作用,抗菌有效成分是原白头翁素和白头翁素。具有抗菌、抗阿米巴原虫、抗病原体、镇静、镇痛等作用。全草含原白头翁素,根含三萜皂苷,水解后得苷元及葡萄糖和鼠李糖。另含白头翁皂苷B4、白桦脂酸、白头翁素、白头翁灵、莽草酸等。
黄精:性平,味甘。归肺经、脾经、肾经。补气养阴、健脾、润肺、益肾。属补虚药下分类的补阴药。用治脾胃虚弱、体倦乏力、口干食少、肺虚燥咳、精血不足、内热消渴。黄精能增加冠脉流量、调血脂、降血糖、抗衰老和增强免疫。黄精粗多糖具免疫调节作用,对化学性肝损伤具保护作用,另具抗炎和抗病毒作用。此外,还具抑菌、抗病原微生物、降压、止血等作用。现代临床用治冠心病、高脂血症、糖尿病、白细胞减少症、肺结核、慢性肝炎、脑力及睡眠不足、头痛、阳痿及癣菌病等。含甾体皂苷类成分,如薯蓣皂苷元、毛地黄糖苷、菝葜皂苷元等;黄酮类成分有芹菜黄素等。总糖含量为26.78%~46.40%,总蒽醌含量为0.0726%~0.128%。另含吖丁啶羧酸、天门冬氨酸、高丝氨酸牡荆素木糖苷、异甘草素玻、丁香脂素、14a-羟基西伯利亚蓼苷A、滇黄精苷A等。
黄药子:性平,味苦。归肝经、心经。清热、凉血、解毒、消瘿。属清热药下属分类的清热解毒药。用治咽喉肿痛、痈肿疮毒、蛇虫咬伤、甲状腺肿。外用捣敷或研末调敷患处。具有抗菌、抗甲状腺肿、抑制心脏、抑制肠平滑肌、兴奋子宫平滑肌、降血糖等作用。临床上用黄药子酊、复方黄药子浸膏片、黄药子素片治疗甲状腺肿大或甲状腺瘤,有一定的疗效,其中以复方黄药子浸膏片(含碘化钾)疗效较好。对甲状腺、食道、胃及直肠、乳房恶性肿瘤有一定抑制作用,对常见皮肤真菌有抑制作用。含少量薯蓣皂苷、薯蓣毒皂苷以及黄药子萜A、黄药子萜B、黄药子萜C等呋喃去甲基二萜类化合物。
五味子: 性温,味酸、甘。归肺经、心经、肾经。收敛固涩、益气生津、补肾宁心。属收涩药分类下的敛肺涩肠药。用治久嗽虚喘,梦遗滑精,遗尿尿频,久泻不止,自汗盗汗,津伤口渴,内热消渴,心悸失眠。促进机体免疫功能;抗氧化及抗衰老;护肝、诱导肝脏药物代谢酶;镇咳祛痰,抗肿瘤;降血糖;强心;增强机体适应能力;抗溃疡;抗肾病变;抗菌等作用。据报导,五味子煎剂静脉注射,对正常兔子都有呼吸兴奋作用,使吸收加深、加快,并能对抗吗啡的呼吸抑制作用,酊剂亦有同样效果。
黄芩:性寒,味苦。归肺经、胆经、脾经、大肠经、小肠经。清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血、安胎。属清热药下属分类的清热燥湿药。用治湿温、暑温胸闷呕恶、湿热痞满、泻痢、黄疸、肺热咳嗽、高热烦渴、血热吐衄、痈肿疮毒、胎动不安。黄芩具有较广的抗菌谱,体外试验,对杆菌、球菌有抑制作用,对流感病毒、皮肤真菌亦有作用,临床用于治疗病毒性眼病及上呼吸道感染有较好疗效。动物试验表明,水煎剂具有抗炎、免疫促进和镇静解热作用;提取物有抑制HIV-1生长的作用。具有抗微生物、抗变态反应、降血压、利尿、降血脂、抗血小板聚集和抗凝、保肝、保护肾损伤的作用;低剂量促进免疫细胞增殖,高剂量则抑制;延缓白内障发生。含黄酮类化合物,是黄芩的有效成分,还含少量甾醇和氨基酸。黄酮类化合物主要有黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩苷、汉黄芩素、黄芩素粗毛豚草素等,另黏毛黄芩素、二氢木蝴蝶素A等。
黄连:性寒,味苦。归心经、脾经、胃经、肝经、胆经、大肠经。清热燥湿、泻火解毒。属清热药下属分类的清热燥湿药。用治湿热痞满、呕吐吞酸、泻痢、黄疸、高热神昏、心火亢盛、血热吐衄、目赤、牙痛、消渴、痈肿疔疮。外用适量,治湿疹、湿疮、耳道流脓。动物试验表明,小檗碱有抗菌、抗病毒及原虫、利胆、抗腹泻、抗炎和抗脑缺血、抗微生物、降压、抗心肌缺血及心肌梗死、抗心律失常、抑制中枢神经系统、止腹泻、抗溃疡、利胆、降血糖、抑制DNA的合成、抑制血小板聚集等作用。
厚朴:性温,味苦、辛。归脾经、胃经、肺经、大肠经。燥湿消痰、下气除满。属化湿药。用治湿滞伤中、脘痞吐泻、食积气滞、腹胀便秘、痰饮喘咳。具有肌肉松弛作用;小剂量兴奋肠管平滑肌,而大剂量具有抑制作用;具有抗溃疡的作用,有显著的中枢抑制作用,降血压,抗病原微生物,抗肿瘤;还有抗血小板和抑制细胞内钙流动等作用。含挥发油、生物碱、皂苷,以及鞣质和微量烟酸等。含厚朴酚和厚朴新酚、丁香树脂酚-4’-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、厚朴木脂体A、厚朴木脂体B、厚朴木脂体C、厚朴木脂体D、厚朴木脂体E、厚朴木脂体F、厚朴木脂体G、厚朴木脂体H、厚朴木脂体I、龙脑基厚朴酚等成分。
本发明配制简单,杀菌效果好,药效持续时间长,杀菌效果显著,无副作用,安全性高,生产成本低,具有杀菌能力强,作用速度快,稳定性好的显著优点,适用于医院的杀菌消毒工作,不污染环境,对人和动物无刺激,无毒副作用,是一种值得推广的理想杀菌药物。
(四)具体实施方式
实施例1:
取大青叶60g、红藤70g、茜草75g、蚤休70g、大蓟70g、贯众70g、麻黄65g、桂枝70g、防风65g、常山65g、佩兰70g、石苇70g、桑寄生75g、蛇床子65g、女口茵陈65g、良姜70g、雄黄75g、大戟70g、芫花70g、赤芍60g、当归70g、薄荷65g、羌活75g、仙鹤草65g、白矾70g、白芷70g、紫苏叶75g、石苇70g、瞿麦70g、川芎65g、皂角70g、当归60g、麦冬60g、莱服子23-65g、竹茹20-65g、百部20-70g、防风20-65g、细辛20-50g、葱白20-60g、大黄25-70g、知母30-75g、夏枯草20-65g、马齿苋20-70g、木通25-65g、丹皮20-65g、秦皮20-75g、地丁30-70g、白头翁25-75g、黄精20-65g、黄药子25-75g、五味子20-60g、黄芩25-70g、黄连20-60g、厚朴25-65g,将上述中药清洗后煎煮,滤渣、放凉后,按照1:4的比例与75%的酒精溶液混合,混合均匀后静置、滤渣加入辅助药物,利用现代先进的制药科技,制成杀菌洗液,即为所述的一种检验科用中药消毒液。
实施例2:
取大青叶30g、红藤30g、茜草25g、蚤休30g、大蓟25g、贯众30g、麻黄26g、桂枝30g、防风25g、常山25g、佩兰30g、石苇20g、桑寄生25g、蛇床子20g、女口茵陈25g、良姜30g、雄黄35g、大戟25g、芫花25g、赤芍20g、当归25g、薄荷20g、羌活30g、仙鹤草20g、白矾25g、白芷30g、紫苏叶25g、石苇20g、瞿麦30g、川芎25g、皂角20g、当归25g、麦冬20g、莱服子23g、竹茹20g、百部20g、防风20g、细辛20g、葱白20g、大黄25g、知母30g、夏枯草20、马齿苋20g、木通25g、丹皮20g、秦皮20g、地丁30g、白头翁25g、黄精20g、黄药子25g、五味子20g、黄芩25g、黄连20g、厚朴25g,将上述中药清洗后煎煮,滤渣、放凉后,按照1:4的比例与75%的酒精溶液混合,混合均匀后静置、滤渣加入辅助药物,利用现代先进的制药科技,制成杀菌洗液,即为所述的一种检验科用中药消毒液。
实施例3:
取大青叶45g、红藤53g、茜草45g、蚤休45g、大蓟44g、贯众50g、麻黄45g、桂枝52g、防风54g、常山45g、佩兰55g、石苇45g、桑寄生50g、蛇床子53g、女口茵陈45g、良姜45g、雄黄45g、大戟50g、芫花53g、赤芍40g、当归45g、薄荷30g、羌活40g、仙鹤草40g、白矾35g、白芷40g、紫苏叶50g、石苇45g、瞿麦45g、川芎45g、皂角45g、当归40g、麦冬40g、莱服子40g、竹茹42g、百部53g、防风53g、细辛47g、葱白46g、大黄38g、知母46g、夏枯草52g、马齿苋53g、木通52g、丹皮51g、秦皮53g、地丁52g、白头翁49g、黄精48g、黄药子45g、五味子42g、黄芩41g、黄连43g、厚朴52g,将上述中药清洗后煎煮,滤渣、放凉后,按照1:4的比例与75%的酒精溶液混合,混合均匀后静置、滤渣加入辅助药物,利用现代先进的制药科技,制成杀菌洗液,即为所述的一种检验科用中药消毒液。
临床实验:
1、实验菌种:金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌。
2、菌种培养基:营养琼脂培养基和营养肉汤培养基。
3、抑菌实验分实验组和对照组,实验组为本发明杀菌药物,对照组选用氯酸钠消毒液。
4、具体实验步骤:
(1)制备菌液:将上述两组菌种分别接种于两个琼脂培养基上,在37℃下培养24小时,分别从中挑取典型菌落分别接种于两个新鲜的营养肉汤培养基中,同温度下,培养18小时,备用;
(2)分别取本发明杀菌药物和氯酸钠消毒液各100ml,分别置于稀释容器中,对其分别稀释20 倍,将上两种稀释液溶液分别分置两个容器内,置于无菌条件下,备用;
(3)将上述步骤(1)经营养肉汤培养18 小时的实验菌种用无菌的营养肉汤分别稀释100 倍,每种菌种分装于两个培养皿中,分别标记对照组和实验组;
(4)将上述步骤(2)所得的本发明消毒液的稀释溶液滴入实验组培养皿,氯酸钠消毒液稀释溶液滴入对照组培养皿。
5、实验观察测量:
对上述实验进行观察并测量菌种残留面积,具体结果如上表。
6、观测测量完毕后,将上述培养皿均置于无菌条件下静置三天,跟踪观察发现,对照组菌落继续繁殖,而实验组菌落无变化。
7、实验结果:
实验组的杀菌能力远大于对照组的杀菌能力,且能够抑制菌种继续繁殖。
Claims (3)
1.一种检验科用中药消毒液,其特征为,制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:大青叶30-60g、红藤30-70g、茜草25-75g、蚤休30-70g、大蓟25-70g、贯众30-70g、麻黄26-65g、桂枝30-70g、防风25-65g、常山25-65g、佩兰30-70g、石苇20-70g、桑寄生25-75g、蛇床子20-65g、女口茵陈25-65g、良姜30-70g、雄黄35-75g、大戟25-70g、芫花25-70g、赤芍20-60g、当归25-70g、薄荷20-65g、羌活30-75g、仙鹤草20-65g、白矾25-70g、白芷30-70g、紫苏叶25-75g、石苇20-70g、瞿麦30-70g、川芎25-65g、皂角20-70g、当归25-60g、麦冬20-60g、莱服子23-65g、竹茹20-65g、百部20-70g、防风20-65g、细辛20-50g、葱白20-60g、大黄25-70g、知母30-75g、夏枯草20-65g、马齿苋20-70g、木通25-65g、丹皮20-65g、秦皮20-75g、地丁30-70g、白头翁25-75g、黄精20-65g、黄药子25-75g、五味子20-60g、黄芩25-70g、黄连20-60g、厚朴25-65g。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种检验科用中药消毒液,其特征为,制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:大青叶30g、红藤30g、茜草25g、蚤休30g、大蓟25g、贯众30g、麻黄26g、桂枝30g、防风25g、常山25g、佩兰30g、石苇20g、桑寄生25g、蛇床子20g、女口茵陈25g、良姜30g、雄黄35g、大戟25g、芫花25g、赤芍20g、当归25g、薄荷20g、羌活30g、仙鹤草20g、白矾25g、白芷30g、紫苏叶25g、石苇20g、瞿麦30g、川芎25g、皂角20g、当归25g、麦冬20g、莱服子23g、竹茹20g、百部20g、防风20g、细辛20g、葱白20g、大黄25g、知母30g、夏枯草20、马齿苋20g、木通25g、丹皮20g、秦皮20g、地丁30g、白头翁25g、黄精20g、黄药子25g、五味子20g、黄芩25g、黄连20g、厚朴25g。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的治一种检验科用中药消毒液,其特征在于:所述将上述中药清洗后煎煮,滤渣、放凉后,按照1:4的比例与75%的酒精溶液混合,混合均匀后静置、滤渣加入辅助药物,利用现代先进的制药科技,制成杀菌洗液,即为所述的一种检验科用中药消毒液。
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CN112167272A (zh) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-05 | 朱明亮 | 一种纯植物中草药抑菌剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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