CN106256635B - 控制混合动力车的方法和系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于控制安装有空气控制阀的混合动力车的方法和系统。所述方法包括收集道路信息,以及基于所收集的道路信息确定发动机运行模式与电动机行驶模式之间的转换次数。此外,当预测的转换次数小于预定阈值时,限制空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度的校正。当预测的转换次数大于预定阈值时,检测空气控制阀在阀瓣关闭时的阀瓣位移,并且基于所检测的阀瓣位移校正空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制混合动力车的方法和系统,且更具体地,涉及一种以受控的方式减少从混合动力车排放的废气的方法和系统。
背景技术
空气控制阀(ACV)是常用于燃油喷射车辆中的柴油机的装置,其通过测量和调整流入燃烧室中的空气量以理论的理想空燃比或其附近值使喷射的燃料燃烧。ACV用作柴油机的节流阀,阻止发动机关闭时的空气流入,以防止自燃现象并由此减少发动机振动。另外,ACV强制减少废气再循环时的空气吸入量,以将废气再循环(EGR)气引入进气歧管。此外,ACV具有调整空气吸入量以调整燃烧温度从而防止例如柴油机微粒过滤器(DPF)的催化剂装置受损的功能。
然而,传统的ACV具有当废气中的各种不完全燃烧物通过EGR被引入进气歧管时,燃烧物中的有些挥发性有机化合物(VOC)附着在ACV上使流入区域持续变窄的问题。在此情况下,在考虑预期的废气量作为默认值时,电子控制单元(ECU)的映射可使废气水平增加超过阈值水平。
因此,每当发动机关闭时,均执行多个ACV的开闭循环来捕集附着的不完全燃烧物或调整阀的关闭程度。不同于一般的柴油车,柴油混合动力车发动机基于道路状况和行驶模式而频繁关闭和重启。每当车辆频繁停车时,ACV的开闭会导致产生过多噪声和削弱ACV的耐久性。
上述作为背景技术说明的事项仅用于增强对于本发明的背景的理解,而不应被认为是本领域技术人员已知的现有技术。
发明内容
因此,本发明提供一种控制混合动力车的方法,其包括按照需要有选择地校正空气控制阀,从而能够防止频繁地重复进行空气控制阀的校正。
因此,本发明提供一种用于控制安装有空气控制阀的混合动力车的方法和系统,包括:收集道路信息;基于所收集的道路信息确定发动机运行模式与电动机行驶模式之间的转换次数;当预测的转换次数小于预定阈值时,限制空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度的校正;以及当预测的转换次数大于预定阈值时,检测空气控制阀在阀瓣关闭时的阀瓣位移,并且基于所检测的阀瓣位移校正空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度。
在本发明的一个示例性实施例中,通过安装在车辆内的导航系统接收道路信息。另外,道路信息可包括关于车辆行驶道路的车速限制的信息,并且可基于接收到的车速限制的信息以及按车速预定的车辆驱动模式,确定模式转换次数。
在本发明的另一示例性实施例中,道路信息可包括关于车辆行驶道路的直线或弯曲路段的信息以及各路段内的可行驶车速的信息,并且可基于各路段内的可行驶车速的信息以及按车速预定的车辆驱动模式,确定模式转换次数。模式转换次数可被确定成在距车辆的预定距离内能够发生的模式转换的次数。当发动机关闭时可执行校正过程,并且当空气控制阀关闭时阀瓣关闭程度超出从预定正常值预设的阈值波动时,可调整阀瓣关闭程度。
如本文所述,根据本发明的控制混合动力车的方法,能够按照需要有选择地调整空气控制阀的操作,从而防止噪声的产生和耐久性减弱的发生。
附图说明
从以下结合附图进行的详细说明中,将更加清楚地理解本发明的上述及其他目的、特征和优点,其中:
图1是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的控制混合动力车的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
应当理解的是,本文所使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或者其他相似术语包括一般的机动车辆,例如包括运动型多用途车(SUV)、公交车、卡车、各式商用车辆在内的载客车辆,包括各种艇和船在内的水运工具,以及航空器等等,并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、插电式混合动力电动车辆、氢动力车辆以及其他代用燃料车辆(例如,从石油以外的资源取得的燃料)。如本文所述,混合动力车是具有两种或更多种动力源的车辆,例如,同时具有汽油动力和电动力的车辆。
虽然示例性实施例被描述为使用多个单元来执行示例性处理,但是应当理解的是,示例性处理也可由一个或多个模块执行。此外,应当理解的是,术语控制器/控制单元指的是包括存储器和处理器的硬件设备。存储器被配置成存储模块,并且处理器被专门配置成执行所述模块,以执行以下进一步说明的一个或多个处理。
此外,本发明的控制逻辑可实施为包含由处理器、控制器/控制单元等执行的可执行程序指令的计算机可读介质上的非暂时性计算机可读介质。计算机可读介质的示例包括但不限于ROM、RAM、光盘(CD)-ROM、磁带、软盘、闪存盘、智能卡和光学数据存储设备。计算机可读记录介质也可分布在网络连接的计算机系统中,以便例如通过远程信息处理服务器或控制器局域网络(CAN),以分布方式存储和执行计算机可读介质。
本文所使用的专有名词仅是为了说明特定实施例的目的,而非意在限制本发明。如本文所使用的,单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该”意在也包括复数形式,除非上下文另外清楚指明。还将理解的是,当在本说明书中使用时,词语“包括”和/或“包含”规定所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件的存在,但不排除一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其组合的存在或添加。如本文所使用的,词语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列出项目的任何或全部组合。
除非特别陈述或从上下文显而易见,如本文所使用的,词语“约”被理解为处在本领域的正常容差范围内,例如在平均值的2倍标准偏差内。“约”可理解为在所述值的10%、9%、8%、7%、6%、5%、4%、3%、2%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0.05%或0.01%内。除非从上下文另外明确,本文提供的所有数值均由词语“约”修饰。
以下,将结合附图详细说明根据本发明的示例性实施例的控制混合动力车的方法。图1是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的控制混合动力车的方法的流程图。如下文所述的方法可由具有存储器和处理器的控制器执行。
如图1中所示,本发明的一方面提供一种用于控制安装有空气控制阀的混合动力车的方法和系统,包括:收集各种道路信息(S100);基于所收集的道路信息确定发动机运行模式与电动机行驶模式之间的转换次数(S110);当预测的转换次数小于预定阈值时,限制空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度的校正(S120);以及当预测的转换次数大于预定阈值时,检测空气控制阀在阀瓣关闭时的阀瓣位移,并可基于所检测的阀瓣位移调整空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度(S130)。
在本发明的一个示例性实施例中,混合动力车可由柴油机和电动机两者驱动。发动机运行模式可以是由发动机单独驱动或者与电动机混合驱动的运行模式。此外,电动机行驶模式可包括除发动机运行以外的所有行驶模式。
在本发明的另一示例性实施例中,可通过安装在车辆内的导航系统接收道路信息。导航系统可以是安装在车辆内的导航仪或者可以是设计成包含或接收信息并向外部提供信息的系统(例如,未集成在车辆内的外部导航系统)。因此,可在数据收集过程(S100)中,从导航系统接收关于车辆正在行驶或即将行驶的道路的信息,例如,关于道路的直线或弯曲路段的信息、关于各路段的可行驶车速的信息、关于道路的车速限制的信息等。
具体地,可从根据包括直线或弯曲路段的长度、曲率和/或坡度的道路状态在导航系统中预设的车速限制提供关于车辆速度的信息,从存储的预定多个路段中的各路段内的平均车辆速度的数据提供关于车辆速度的信息,和/或通过接收关于道路的实时交通信息和/或法律强制的车速限制,提供关于车辆速度的信息。可利用其他各种途径和方式来提供与车辆允许在道路上行驶的车速有关的信息。
在确定过程(S110)中,可基于接收到的关于道路的信息、关于车辆在道路上的可行驶车速的信息和根据车辆速度预定的车辆驱动模式,预测模式转换次数。具体地,可设定可根据车辆速度运行的多种模式。例如,车辆可在小于约30km/h的速度下以电动机行驶模式运行,在约30~60km/h的速度下以电动机和发动机部分地结合运行的混合驱动模式运行,以及在大于约60km/h的速度下以发动机单独运行的发动机运行模式运行。车辆可设定成以两种模式,即电动机行驶模式和发动机运行模式行驶。这也是一种示例性实施例,并且可给出根据车辆速度的驱动模式的多种选择。
在确定过程(S110)中,可从道路信息收集过程(S100)中接收的信息中获得关于车辆将行驶路段的车速的信息,随后可将车速信息与根据路段的行驶模式相匹配。从所匹配的模式中,可计算从发动机运行模式向电动机行驶模式以及反之的转换次数,和从发动机运行模式向混合运行模式以及反之的转换次数,由此可预测车辆将行驶道路中的模式转换次数(S111)。
在确定过程(S110)中,可预测在距车辆的预定距离内可能的模式转换次数(S111)。此外,在预定距离内的预测的模式转换次数可与预定阈值进行比较(S112)。当在预定距离内的预测的模式转换次数小于阈值时,可预计过度的阀瓣关闭程度校正,因此可执行校正限制过程(S120)。可依据设计者的意图确定预定距离。
此外,当预测的模式转换次数大于阈值时,由于增多的加速,不完全燃烧物(例如,烟灰)或VOC更可能附着于空气控制阀的阀瓣周围与管道之间。因此,由于随着烟灰的附着阀瓣关闭程度的波动趋于增加,因此可执行校正(例如,调整)过程(S130)。当阀瓣关闭程度波动时,在调整阀瓣开闭时可发生阀瓣的预识别初始关闭状态与实际关闭状态之间的差异,其可导致不准确地调节空气流入。在校正过程(S130)中,可调整阀瓣关闭程度使实际阀瓣关闭状态与预识别值一致(S134)。
另外,在校正过程(S130)中,可首先确定发动机是否关闭(S131)。具体地,当发动机运行关闭时,阀瓣可反复开闭以捕集或移除附着于空气控制阀的不完全燃烧物,此后,可检测空气控制阀关闭时的阀瓣关闭程度(S132)。阀瓣关闭程度可以是在阀瓣关闭的状态下由阀门检测的阀瓣开启程度。随后,可确定空气控制阀关闭时的阀瓣关闭程度是否超出从预定正常值设定的阈值波动(S133)。当阀瓣关闭程度超出阈值波动时,可调整阀瓣关闭程度(S134)。例如,在正常值为0、阈值设定为1的情况下,当检测到阀瓣关闭程度为2时,尽管阀瓣实际上关闭,然而可被识别出开启至程度2。由于因附着的不完全燃烧物,阀瓣可被检测到开启,因此可将该误诊断校正为正常值以调整阀瓣的开闭。
应当理解的是,阈值次数、正常值和阈值位移均可依据设计者的意图改变。如本文所述,根据本发明的控制混合动力车的方法能够按照需要有选择性地校正空气控制阀的操作,从而防止噪声的产生和耐久性减弱的发生。
尽管已为了说明性目的公开了本发明的示例性实施例,然而本领域的技术人员将会理解的是在不脱离如所附权利要求所公开的本发明的范围和思想的情况下,各种修改、增加和替换均是可能的。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于控制安装有空气控制阀的混合动力车的方法,包括以下步骤:
通过控制器收集车辆行驶道路的道路信息;
通过所述控制器基于所收集的道路信息,确定发动机运行模式与电动机行驶模式之间的转换次数;
通过所述控制器将确定的转化次数与转换阈值次数进行比较;如果确定的转换次数小于转换阈值次数,通过所述控制器限制空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度的校正;
如果确定的转换次数大于转换阈值次数,当发动机关闭时,通过所述控制器检测空气控制阀关闭时的阀瓣位移;和
当阀瓣关闭程度超出从预定正常值预设的阈值波动时,通过所述控制器基于所检测的阀瓣位移来调节空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中通过安装在车辆内的导航系统接收所述道路信息。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述道路信息包括关于车辆行驶道路的车速限制的信息,并且基于所接收的关于车速限制的信息以及按车速预定的车辆驱动模式,确定所述转换次数。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述道路信息包括关于车辆行驶道路的直线或弯曲路段的信息和各路段内的可行驶车速的信息,并且基于各路段内的可行驶车速的信息以及按车速预定的车辆驱动模式,确定所述转换次数。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述转换次数被预测为在距车辆的预定距离内能够发生的模式转换的次数。
6.一种用于控制安装有空气控制阀的混合动力车的系统,包括:
存储器,其配置成存储程序指令;以及
处理器,其配置成执行所述程序指令,所述程序指令在被执行时配置成:
收集车辆行驶道路的道路信息;
基于所收集的道路信息,确定发动机运行模式与电动机行驶模式之间的转换次数;
通过控制器将确定的转化次数与转换阈值次数进行比较;
如果确定的转换次数小于转换阈值次数,限制空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度的校正;
如果确定的转换次数大于转换阈值次数,当发动机关闭时,通过所述控制器检测空气控制阀关闭时的阀瓣位移;和
当阀瓣关闭程度超出从预定正常值预设的阈值波动时,通过所述控制器基于所检测的阀瓣位移来调节空气控制阀的阀瓣关闭程度。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中通过安装在车辆内的导航系统接收所述道路信息。
8.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中所述道路信息包括关于车辆行驶道路的车速限制的信息,并且基于所接收的关于车速限制的信息以及按车速预定的车辆驱动模式,确定所述转换次数。
9.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中所述道路信息包括关于车辆行驶道路的直线或弯曲路段的信息和各路段内的可行驶车速的信息,并且基于各路段内的可行驶车速的信息以及按车速预定的车辆驱动模式,确定所述转换次数。
10.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中所述转换次数被预测为在距车辆的预定距离内能够发生的模式转换的次数。
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