CN106234123A - A kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method - Google Patents

A kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method Download PDF

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CN106234123A
CN106234123A CN201610630343.5A CN201610630343A CN106234123A CN 106234123 A CN106234123 A CN 106234123A CN 201610630343 A CN201610630343 A CN 201610630343A CN 106234123 A CN106234123 A CN 106234123A
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cuttage
seedbed
oil tea
survival rate
culture method
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陶灵娥
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method, which include cutting medium prepare, the selection of nursery lot, whole make bed, sterilize, set up cool canopy, cuttage bar is chosen and is processed, cuttage, the step such as nursery bed management after cuttage.The present invention has the cutting medium of special efficacy by preparation, to the special handling of cuttage bar and the control etc. of whole cuttage process parameter, achieve oil tea cuttage survival rate high, can reach 91% object above, easy to learn, the oil tea Seedling well developed root system of low cost, cutting survival simple to operate, grow fine, blade face is plump, substantially without pest and disease damage generation；And the cottage breeding cycle is short, within generally 23 months, can carry out next step grafting or transplant afforestation, not affected by seasonal factor, energy large-scale production also provides enough seedlings to supply market.The oil tea cutting seedling cultivated, vitality is strong, and diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, and life cycle is long, and adaptive faculty is strong.

Description

A kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method
[technical field]
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, be specifically related to a kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method.
[background technology]
Oil tea is the distinctive important edible oil materials seeds of China, and strong adaptability is drought-resistant, barren, suitable southern hills mountain District plants.Oleum Camelliae unsaturated fatty acid content reaches 94%, for the hat in crude vegetal, is the oily and pure sky of high-quality functional health Right non-polluted edible oil.
Oil tea is with seed, cuttage or propagation by grafiting.Carry out seedling breeding and seedling with seed, need substantial amounts of improved seeds oil Tea seed, the seedling cycle is longer, it is impossible to meets the demand in market, and breeds nursery stock out it cannot be guaranteed that holding parent's is excellent Optimum shape, character is likely to inconsistent；Camellia oleifera Cutting Seedling Raising is the totipotency utilizing plant cell, will shear off on excellent elite stand Branch be trained complete new plant under certain conditions.Subtropic of China area has superior climate resources condition, The season of suitable oil tea cuttage is longer, and cutting propagation is easily formed scale, has that breeding coefficient is high, character is stable, simple to operate, Seedling cost is relatively low, be difficult to the advantages such as seasonal labour is nervous occur, is the important technical of subtropical zone oil tea breeding. But, although existing oil tea Technique on Cuttage Propagation can stably keep the merit of maternal plant, but there is cuttage survival rate Low, root system is undeveloped, after cutting survival growing way slowly, cause that the production cycle is longer, be susceptible to the problems such as pest and disease damage.
[summary of the invention]
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that prior art exists, it is provided that a kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method, the method Cuttage survival rate is high, easy to learn, the oil tea Seedling well developed root system of low cost, cutting survival simple to operate, grow fine, blade face is plump, Substantially occur without pest and disease damage.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method, comprises the following steps:
1) prepared by cutting medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 53-65 part, plant ash 15-22 part, chlorella Powder 2-6 part, Ficus microcarpa Linn. f must 14-26 part, Folium Phyllanthi 11-15 part, Folium Pini 7-14 part, fertilizer 13-17 parts；By described weight portion After weighing each raw material, Ficus microcarpa Linn. f palpus, Folium Phyllanthi, Folium Pini being dried, then mixed powder is broken into the smalls less than 0.3cm；Will system The smalls obtained and yellow soil, plant ash, chlorella powder, fertilizer are sufficiently stirred for mixing, and heap is in heaps, adds biogas slurry and mixes thoroughly, adds biogas slurry amount Do not flow out biogas slurry with substrate heap bottom to be limited, natural compost more than 5 months,；
Preferably, each raw material of cutting medium is formed by following weight portion: yellow soil 55 parts, plant ash 15 parts, chlorella powder 4 Part, Ficus microcarpa Linn. f palpus 16 parts, Folium Phyllanthi 12 parts, Folium Pini 8 parts, fertilizer 14 parts；
2) selection of nursery lot: nursery lot is preferably located at the place that sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward；
3) make bed: to the ground, garden selected wholely, at least in cuttage beginning in first 1 month wholely, remove ground weeds, execute for every mu Farm manure 200 kilograms, compound fertilizer 50 kilograms, plant ash 70 kilograms make base fertilizer, then plough under in soil, flatten plot, behind whole ground i.e. Start to make seedbed, seedbed width with 1.2-1.4 rice, high 5-10 centimetre be advisable, the step 1 that 8-10cm is thick is spread in seedbed after performing) system Standby cutting medium, waters permeable, lays automatic spraying device along both sides, seedbed flexible pipe；Installing one every 3m can level side To 180 degree of shower nozzles rotated, the shower nozzle Heterogeneous Permutation on both sides, seedbed is installed, and the shower nozzle on both sides is oppositely arranged, and water spraying direction is oblique On ,-60 ° angles at 45 ° with seedbed；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, after seedbed is carried out spray disinfectant, cover thin film, surrounding soil pressure immediately on bamboo shelf Tightening seal, and ensure lay automatic spraying device in film hood, Nausea drying 7～10 days；Preferably, molten for nursery bed disinfection Liquid is the potassium permanganate solution of concentration 0.5～1 ‰ or 600-800 times of aqueous solution of 50% carbendazol wettable powder or dense Degree is the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution of 1～2 ‰；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.1-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 60%-70%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: select high yield, disease and insect resistance camellia oleifera cultivar, take band axillalry bud on annual joint, not damaged, Branch without pest and disease damage is cut to one section by 2-3 to axillalry bud, long 12-15cm, as cuttage bar, presses nature growth time for each section Successively, being divided into and first generate end and rear generation end, rear generation end one saves the leaf on axillalry bud and retains, every leaf cuts off half, Leaf bands stalk on other joints is removed, and puts and allows after its natural dehydration 5～8% in the cool, puts into the ethanol that volumetric concentration is 5% Soaking 1-2 hour in solution, taking-up clear water rinses 10-15 minute, then cuttage bar base portion is put into 0.4-0.6mol/L's CoCl2Solution soaks 10-15 minute, takes out and prepare cuttage；Preferably, CoCl2The concentration of solution is 0.5mol/L.
7) cuttage: the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf is opened, seedbed is watered permeable, then cuttage bar is pressed seeding row spacing 10 × 20 Centimetre and angle at 45 °, ground insert in cutting medium, insert the degree of depth of cutting medium with the 1/2 to 2/3 of cuttage bar length and The axillalry bud generating section after and is advisable no less than 3 centimetres higher than the distance of cutting medium, and cuttage covers thin film again after completing, surrounding is used Soil pressure tightening seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage:
A. heat and moisture preserving: thin temperature in the shed controls at 22～28 DEG C, and humid control is 75～80%；
B. except sprouting: after cuttage about 15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract sprouting out, within about 20 days, carries out except sprouting, every strain cuttage bar Retaining 1～2 rudiment branch grown fine, remaining is erased；
C. spray water: cuttage seedbed can not hydrops can not hydropenia, as found seedbed hydropenia, automatic spray should be passed through in time Device carries out spray water to ensure temperature and humidity；
D. remove film hood and remove cool canopy: after cuttage one and a half months, carrying out seedling exercising 5-7 days, then thin film is all taken off Remove, after a week, cool canopy is removed, meanwhile, carry out the preventing and treating of sterilization and subterranean pest-insect, until outplanting.
Preferably, before described seedling exercising is 8-9 point every morning, by automatic spraying device spray water 10-15 minute, then Open the thin film of seedbed two-port, allow cross-ventilation, before afternoon 6-7 point, the thin film of seedbed two-port is built, by spray automatically Shower device spray water 15-20 minute.
Step 6) during cuttage bar chooses and processes, for making cuttage bar moisture not easily run off, otch be prone to healing, otch is difficult to Being rotted, cuttage bar base portion is cut into an inclined plane, inclined plane becomes 45-60 °, and meanwhile, during cuttage, cuttage bar is also easy to insert In seedbed or substrate.
Being studied by long term test, applicant develops a kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method, is had by preparation There is the cutting medium of special efficacy, to the special handling of cuttage bar and the control etc. of whole cuttage process parameter, it is achieved that Oil tea cuttage survival rate is high, can reach 91% object above, the oil tea shoot root system of easy to learn, low cost, cutting survival simple to operate Flourishing, grow fine, blade face is plump, substantially without pest and disease damage generation；And the cottage breeding cycle is short, generally 2-3 month Carrying out next step grafting or transplant afforestation, not affected by seasonal factor, energy large-scale production also provides enough seedlings to supply to go on the market ?.The oil tea cutting seedling cultivated, vitality is strong, well developed root system, and diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, and life cycle is long, and adaptive faculty is strong, It is suitable in characteristics such as overwhelming majority area plantations.
[detailed description of the invention]
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method, comprises the following steps:
1) prepared by cutting medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 53 parts, plant ash 15 parts, chlorella powder 2 parts, Ficus microcarpa Linn. f palpus 14 parts, Folium Phyllanthi 11 parts, Folium Pini 7 parts, fertilizer 13 parts；After weighing each raw material by described weight portion, by Ficus microcarpa Linn. f Palpus, Folium Phyllanthi, Folium Pini dry, and then mixed powder is broken into the smalls less than 0.3cm；By prepared smalls and yellow soil, grass Wood ash, chlorella powder, fertilizer are sufficiently stirred for mixing, and heap is in heaps, adds biogas slurry and mixes thoroughly, adds biogas slurry amount and does not flow out natural pond with substrate heap bottom Liquid is limited, natural compost more than 5 months,；
2) selection of nursery lot: nursery lot is preferably located at the place that sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward；
3) make bed: to the ground, garden selected wholely, at least in cuttage beginning in first 1 month wholely, remove ground weeds, execute for every mu Farm manure 200 kilograms, compound fertilizer 50 kilograms, plant ash 70 kilograms make base fertilizer, then plough under in soil, flatten plot, behind whole ground i.e. Start to make seedbed, seedbed width with 1.2-1.4 rice, high 5-10 centimetre be advisable, the step 1 that 8-10cm is thick is spread in seedbed after performing) system Standby cutting medium, waters permeable, lays automatic spraying device along both sides, seedbed flexible pipe；Installing one every 3m can level side To 180 degree of shower nozzles rotated, the shower nozzle Heterogeneous Permutation on both sides, seedbed is installed, and the shower nozzle on both sides is oppositely arranged, and water spraying direction is oblique On ,-60 ° angles at 45 ° with seedbed；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, with potassium permanganate solution or 50% carbendazol wettable powder of concentration 0.5～1 ‰ After 600-800 times of aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1～2 ‰ carry out spray disinfectant to seedbed, exist immediately Thin film is covered on bamboo shelf, surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.1-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 60%-70%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: select high yield, disease and insect resistance camellia oleifera cultivar, take band axillalry bud on annual joint, not damaged, Branch without pest and disease damage is cut to one section by 2-3 to axillalry bud, long 12-15cm, as cuttage bar, presses nature growth time for each section Successively, being divided into and first generate end and rear generation end, rear generation end one saves the leaf on axillalry bud and retains, every leaf cuts off half, Leaf bands stalk on other joints is removed, and puts and allows after its natural dehydration 5～8% in the cool, puts into the ethanol that volumetric concentration is 5% Soaking 1-2 hour in solution, taking-up clear water rinses 10-15 minute, then cuttage bar base portion is put into the CoCl of 0.4mol/L2Molten Liquid soaks 10-15 minute, takes out and prepare cuttage；
7) cuttage: the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf is opened, seedbed is watered permeable, then cuttage bar is pressed seeding row spacing 10 × 20 Centimetre and angle at 45 °, ground insert in cutting medium, insert the degree of depth of cutting medium with the 1/2 to 2/3 of cuttage bar length and The axillalry bud generating section after and is advisable no less than 3 centimetres higher than the distance of cutting medium, and cuttage covers thin film again after completing, surrounding is used Soil pressure tightening seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage:
A. heat and moisture preserving: thin temperature in the shed controls at 22～28 DEG C, and humid control is 75～80%；
B. except sprouting: after cuttage about 15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract sprouting out, within about 20 days, carries out except sprouting, every strain cuttage bar Retaining 1～2 rudiment branch grown fine, remaining is erased；
C. spray water: cuttage seedbed can not hydrops can not hydropenia, as found seedbed hydropenia, automatic spray should be passed through in time Device carries out spray water to ensure temperature and humidity；
D. remove film hood and remove cool canopy: after cuttage one and a half months, carrying out seedling exercising 5-7 days: before every morning 8-9 point, By automatic spraying device spray water 10-15 minute, then open the thin film of seedbed two-port, allow cross-ventilation, afternoon 6-7 point Before, the thin film of seedbed two-port is built, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute.Seedling exercising complete after by thin film All remove, after a week, cool canopy is removed, meanwhile, carry out the preventing and treating of sterilization and subterranean pest-insect, until outplanting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method, comprises the following steps:
1) prepared by cutting medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 55 parts, plant ash 15 parts, chlorella powder 4 parts, Ficus microcarpa Linn. f palpus 16 parts, Folium Phyllanthi 12 parts, Folium Pini 8 parts, fertilizer 14 parts；After weighing each raw material by described weight portion, by Ficus microcarpa Linn. f Palpus, Folium Phyllanthi, Folium Pini dry, and then mixed powder is broken into the smalls less than 0.3cm；By prepared smalls and yellow soil, grass Wood ash, chlorella powder, fertilizer are sufficiently stirred for mixing, and heap is in heaps, adds biogas slurry and mixes thoroughly, adds biogas slurry amount and does not flow out natural pond with substrate heap bottom Liquid is limited, natural compost more than 5 months,；
2) selection of nursery lot: nursery lot is preferably located at the place that sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward；
3) make bed: to the ground, garden selected wholely, at least in cuttage beginning in first 1 month wholely, remove ground weeds, execute for every mu Farm manure 200 kilograms, compound fertilizer 50 kilograms, plant ash 70 kilograms make base fertilizer, then plough under in soil, flatten plot, behind whole ground i.e. Start to make seedbed, seedbed width with 1.2-1.4 rice, high 5-10 centimetre be advisable, the step 1 that 8-10cm is thick is spread in seedbed after performing) system Standby cutting medium, waters permeable, lays automatic spraying device along both sides, seedbed flexible pipe；Installing one every 3m can level side To 180 degree of shower nozzles rotated, the shower nozzle Heterogeneous Permutation on both sides, seedbed is installed, and the shower nozzle on both sides is oppositely arranged, and water spraying direction is oblique On ,-60 ° angles at 45 ° with seedbed；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, with potassium permanganate solution or 50% carbendazol wettable powder of concentration 0.5～1 ‰ After 600-800 times of aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1～2 ‰ carry out spray disinfectant to seedbed, exist immediately Thin film is covered on bamboo shelf, surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.1-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 60%-70%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: select high yield, disease and insect resistance camellia oleifera cultivar, take band axillalry bud on annual joint, not damaged, Branch without pest and disease damage is cut to one section by 2-3 to axillalry bud, long 12-15cm, as cuttage bar, presses nature growth time for each section Successively, being divided into and first generate end and rear generation end, rear generation end one saves the leaf on axillalry bud and retains, every leaf cuts off half, Leaf bands stalk on other joints is removed, and puts and allows after its natural dehydration 5～8% in the cool, cuttage bar base portion is cut into one and inclines Inclined-plane, inclined plane becomes 60 °, is then placed in the ethanol solution that volumetric concentration is 5% soaking 1-2 hour, and taking-up clear water rinses 10-15 minute, then cuttage bar base portion is put into the CoCl of 0.5mol/L2Solution soaks 10-15 minute, takes out and prepare cuttage；
7) cuttage: the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf is opened, seedbed is watered permeable, then cuttage bar is pressed seeding row spacing 10 × 20 Centimetre and angle at 45 °, ground insert in cutting medium, insert the degree of depth of cutting medium with the 1/2 to 2/3 of cuttage bar length and The axillalry bud generating section after and is advisable no less than 3 centimetres higher than the distance of cutting medium, and cuttage covers thin film again after completing, surrounding is used Soil pressure tightening seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage:
A. heat and moisture preserving: thin temperature in the shed controls at 22～28 DEG C, and humid control is 75～80%；
B. except sprouting: after cuttage about 15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract sprouting out, within about 20 days, carries out except sprouting, every strain cuttage bar Retaining 1～2 rudiment branch grown fine, remaining is erased；
C. spray water: cuttage seedbed can not hydrops can not hydropenia, as found seedbed hydropenia, automatic spray should be passed through in time Device carries out spray water to ensure temperature and humidity；
D. remove film hood and remove cool canopy: after cuttage one and a half months, carrying out seedling exercising 5-7 days: before every morning 8-9 point, By automatic spraying device spray water 10-15 minute, then open the thin film of seedbed two-port, allow cross-ventilation, afternoon 6-7 point Before, the thin film of seedbed two-port is built, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute.Seedling exercising complete after by thin film All remove, after a week, cool canopy is removed, meanwhile, carry out the preventing and treating of sterilization and subterranean pest-insect, until outplanting.
Embodiment 3
A kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method, comprises the following steps:
1) prepared by cutting medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 65 parts, plant ash 22 parts, chlorella powder 6 parts, Ficus microcarpa Linn. f palpus 26 parts, Folium Phyllanthi 15 parts, Folium Pini 14 parts, fertilizer 17 parts；After weighing each raw material by described weight portion, by Ficus microcarpa Linn. f Palpus, Folium Phyllanthi, Folium Pini dry, and then mixed powder is broken into the smalls less than 0.3cm；By prepared smalls and yellow soil, grass Wood ash, chlorella powder, fertilizer are sufficiently stirred for mixing, and heap is in heaps, adds biogas slurry and mixes thoroughly, adds biogas slurry amount and does not flow out natural pond with substrate heap bottom Liquid is limited, natural compost more than 5 months,；
2) selection of nursery lot: nursery lot is preferably located at the place that sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward；
3) make bed: to the ground, garden selected wholely, at least in cuttage beginning in first 1 month wholely, remove ground weeds, execute for every mu Farm manure 200 kilograms, compound fertilizer 50 kilograms, plant ash 70 kilograms make base fertilizer, then plough under in soil, flatten plot, behind whole ground i.e. Start to make seedbed, seedbed width with 1.2-1.4 rice, high 5-10 centimetre be advisable, the step 1 that 8-10cm is thick is spread in seedbed after performing) system Standby cutting medium, waters permeable, lays automatic spraying device along both sides, seedbed flexible pipe；Installing one every 3m can level side To 180 degree of shower nozzles rotated, the shower nozzle Heterogeneous Permutation on both sides, seedbed is installed, and the shower nozzle on both sides is oppositely arranged, and water spraying direction is oblique On ,-60 ° angles at 45 ° with seedbed；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, with potassium permanganate solution or 50% carbendazol wettable powder of concentration 0.5～1 ‰ After 600-800 times of aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1～2 ‰ carry out spray disinfectant to seedbed, exist immediately Thin film is covered on bamboo shelf, surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7～10 days；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.1-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 60%-70%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: select high yield, disease and insect resistance camellia oleifera cultivar, take band axillalry bud on annual joint, not damaged, Branch without pest and disease damage is cut to one section by 2-3 to axillalry bud, long 12-15cm, as cuttage bar, presses nature growth time for each section Successively, being divided into and first generate end and rear generation end, rear generation end one saves the leaf on axillalry bud and retains, every leaf cuts off half, Leaf bands stalk on other joints is removed, and puts and allows after its natural dehydration 5～8% in the cool, cuttage bar base portion is cut into one and inclines Inclined-plane, inclined plane is at 45 °, is then placed in the ethanol solution that volumetric concentration is 5% soaking 1-2 hour, and taking-up clear water rinses 10-15 minute, then cuttage bar base portion is put into the CoCl of 0.06mol/L2Solution soaks 10-15 minute, takes out and prepare cuttage；
7) cuttage: the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf is opened, seedbed is watered permeable, then cuttage bar is pressed seeding row spacing 10 × 20 Centimetre and angle at 45 °, ground insert in cutting medium, insert the degree of depth of cutting medium with the 1/2 to 2/3 of cuttage bar length and The axillalry bud generating section after and is advisable no less than 3 centimetres higher than the distance of cutting medium, and cuttage covers thin film again after completing, surrounding is used Soil pressure tightening seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage:
A. heat and moisture preserving: thin temperature in the shed controls at 22～28 DEG C, and humid control is 75～80%；
B. except sprouting: after cuttage about 15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract sprouting out, within about 20 days, carries out except sprouting, every strain cuttage bar Retaining 1～2 rudiment branch grown fine, remaining is erased；
C. spray water: cuttage seedbed can not hydrops can not hydropenia, as found seedbed hydropenia, automatic spray should be passed through in time Device carries out spray water to ensure temperature and humidity；
D. remove film hood and remove cool canopy: after cuttage one and a half months, carrying out seedling exercising 5-7 days: before every morning 8-9 point, By automatic spraying device spray water 10-15 minute, then open the thin film of seedbed two-port, allow cross-ventilation, afternoon 6-7 point Before, the thin film of seedbed two-port is built, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute.Seedling exercising complete after by thin film All remove, after a week, cool canopy is removed, meanwhile, carry out the preventing and treating of sterilization and subterranean pest-insect, until outplanting.
Remove after cool canopy, i.e. to the survival rate of oil tea cutting seedling, averagely take root number, root average length, the average base portion of sprouting Diameter, sprouting average length are added up, the statistical data of embodiment 1-3 such as table 1.
Table 1
Based on the oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method of embodiment 2, do contrast test.
In the case of other steps are constant, remove the use of cutting medium, test 1 as a comparison.
In the case of other steps are constant, step 6) during cuttage bar chooses and processes, cuttage bar through alcohol solution dipping, After clear water rinses, i.e. for cuttage, not through CoCl2Solution processes, and tests 2 as a comparison.
In the case of other steps are constant, removing the use of cutting medium, meanwhile, cuttage bar is also without CoCl2Solution Process, test 3 as a comparison.
Equally, remove after cool canopy, i.e. average to the survival rate of oil tea cutting seedling, averagely take root number, root average length, sprouting Base diameter, sprouting average length are added up, contrast test 1, contrast test 2, the statistical data such as table 2 of contrast test 3.
Table 2
Although, the present invention is described in detail the most with a general description of the specific embodiments, but On the basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause This, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) prepared by cutting medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 53-65 part, plant ash 15-22 part, chlorella powder 2-6 Part, Ficus microcarpa Linn. f must 14-26 part, Folium Phyllanthi 11-15 part, Folium Pini 7-14 part, fertilizer 13-17 parts；Weigh by described weight portion After each raw material, Ficus microcarpa Linn. f palpus, Folium Phyllanthi, Folium Pini being dried, then mixed powder is broken into the smalls less than 0.3cm；By prepared Smalls and yellow soil, plant ash, chlorella powder, fertilizer are sufficiently stirred for mixing, and heap is in heaps, adds biogas slurry and mixes thoroughly, adds biogas slurry amount with base Matter heap bottom is not flowed out biogas slurry and is limited, natural compost more than 5 months,；
2) selection of nursery lot: nursery lot is preferably located at the place that sunny, irrigation and drainage are convenient, leeward；
3) make bed: to the ground, garden selected wholely, at least in cuttage beginning in first 1 month wholely, remove ground weeds, Mei Mushi farmers' Fertilizer 200 kilograms, compound fertilizer 50 kilograms, plant ash 70 kilograms make base fertilizer, then plough under in soil, flatten plot, i.e. start behind whole ground Make seedbed, seedbed width with 1.2-1.4 rice, high 5-10 centimetre be advisable, seedbed spreads the step 1 that 8-10cm is thick after performing) prepare Cutting medium, waters permeable, lays automatic spraying device along both sides, seedbed flexible pipe；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, after seedbed is carried out spray disinfectant, covering thin film immediately on bamboo shelf, surrounding soil pressure is tight Envelope, Nausea drying 7～10 days；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.1-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 60%-70%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: select high yield, disease and insect resistance camellia oleifera cultivar, takes band axillalry bud on annual joint, not damaged, anosis The branch of insect pest is cut to one section by 2-3 to axillalry bud, long 12-15cm, as cuttage bar, each section of elder generation pressing nature growth time After, it being divided into and first generate end and rear generation end, rear generation end one is saved the leaf on axillalry bud and retains, every leaf cuts off half, its Leaf band stalk on his joint is removed, and puts and allows after its natural dehydration 5～8% in the cool, puts into the ethanol that volumetric concentration is 5% molten Soaking 1-2 hour in liquid, taking-up clear water rinses 10-15 minute, then cuttage bar base portion is put into the CoCl of 0.4-0.6mol/L2 Solution soaks 10-15 minute, takes out and prepare cuttage；
7) cuttage: opened by the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, seedbed is watered permeable, then presses seeding row spacing 10 × 20 lis by cuttage bar Rice and angle at 45 °, ground are inserted in cutting medium, insert the degree of depth of cutting medium with the 1/2 to 2/3 of cuttage bar length and The axillalry bud of rear generation section is advisable no less than 3 centimetres higher than the distance of cutting medium, and cuttage covers thin film, surrounding soil again after completing Compress and seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage:
A. heat and moisture preserving: thin temperature in the shed controls at 22～28 DEG C, and humid control is 75～80%；
B. except sprouting: after cuttage about 15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract sprouting out, within about 20 days, carries out except sprouting, and every strain cuttage bar retains 1 ～2 rudiment branches grown fine, remaining is erased；
C. spray water: cuttage seedbed can not hydrops can not hydropenia, as found seedbed hydropenia, automatic spraying device should be passed through in time Carry out spray water to ensure temperature and humidity；
D. remove film hood and remove cool canopy: after cuttage one and a half months, carrying out seedling exercising 5-7 days, then thin film is all removed, then Spend a week cool canopy is removed, meanwhile, carry out the preventing and treating of sterilization and subterranean pest-insect, until outplanting.
2. oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: each raw material of cutting medium by with Lower weight portion forms: yellow soil 55 parts, plant ash 15 parts, chlorella powder 4 parts, Ficus microcarpa Linn. f palpus 16 parts, Folium Phyllanthi 12 parts, Folium Pini 8 Part, fertilizer 14 parts.
3. oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: lay automatic spray with flexible pipe Device, every 3m install one can horizontal direction 180 degree rotation shower nozzle, the shower nozzle on both sides, seedbed is oppositely arranged, water spraying direction Obliquely.
4. oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the water spraying direction of shower nozzle is oblique Upwards-60 ° at 45 ° with seedbed.
5. oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: lay automatic spray with flexible pipe Device, the shower nozzle Heterogeneous Permutation on both sides, seedbed is installed.
6. oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 6) cuttage bar choose and In process, CoCl2Solution concentration is 0.5mol/L.
7. oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described seedling exercising is every morning Before 8-9 point, by automatic spraying device spray water 10-15 minute, then open the thin film of seedbed two-port, allow cross-ventilation, Before afternoon 6-7 point, the thin film of seedbed two-port is built, by automatic spraying device spray water 15-20 minute.
8. oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4) in, for seedbed The potassium permanganate solution that solution is concentration 0.5～1 ‰ or 50% carbendazol wettable powder 600-800 times of sterilization are water-soluble Liquid or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1～2 ‰.
CN201610630343.5A 2016-08-03 2016-08-03 A kind of oil tea high-survival rate cuttage and seedling culture method Pending CN106234123A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107567843A (en) * 2017-09-20 2018-01-12 泸县龙贯山油茶种植专业合作社 A kind of Camellia oleifera Cutting Seedling Raising method
CN108781812A (en) * 2018-06-22 2018-11-13 海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所 A kind of oil tea quickly rich root seedling cuttage and seedling culture method, seedling medium, root-growing agent
CN112189468A (en) * 2020-09-03 2021-01-08 湖南大三湘苗木园艺有限责任公司 Method for interplanting camellia oleifera and cultivating large seedlings in greening broad-leaved forest

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105210635A (en) * 2015-10-13 2016-01-06 广西乐业荣丰中药材科技有限责任公司 A kind of honeysuckle cuttage and seedling culture method

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105210635A (en) * 2015-10-13 2016-01-06 广西乐业荣丰中药材科技有限责任公司 A kind of honeysuckle cuttage and seedling culture method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107567843A (en) * 2017-09-20 2018-01-12 泸县龙贯山油茶种植专业合作社 A kind of Camellia oleifera Cutting Seedling Raising method
CN108781812A (en) * 2018-06-22 2018-11-13 海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所 A kind of oil tea quickly rich root seedling cuttage and seedling culture method, seedling medium, root-growing agent
CN112189468A (en) * 2020-09-03 2021-01-08 湖南大三湘苗木园艺有限责任公司 Method for interplanting camellia oleifera and cultivating large seedlings in greening broad-leaved forest

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