CN106171800A - A kind of oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting - Google Patents
A kind of oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting Download PDFInfo
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- CN106171800A CN106171800A CN201610743332.8A CN201610743332A CN106171800A CN 106171800 A CN106171800 A CN 106171800A CN 201610743332 A CN201610743332 A CN 201610743332A CN 106171800 A CN106171800 A CN 106171800A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The present invention relates to oil tea seedling propagation technical field, it is specifically related to a kind of oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting, the method uses the branch of wild camellia oleifera cultivar or non-prime camellia oleifera cultivar to carry out cuttage, after cuttage branch forms callus, in time cuttage branch is transferred to from seedling medium, carry out grafting as stock and high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar branch, in the seedling medium during nutritive cube is returned in cuttage the most again, carry out daily management.The method can large-scale production nursery, be not subject to seasonal restrictions, greatly reduce again the demand to high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar branch, solve the problem that high-quality oil tea variety source is not enough；And growing-seedling period is short, graft survival rate is up to more than 85%, can annual production nursery free of discontinuities, without shifting nursery place, can cultivate at nutritive cube till grafting survival Seedling goes out garden, easy to learn, the oil tea Seedling well developed root system of low cost, grafting survival simple to operate, grow fine, blade face plump, without pest and disease damage.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to oil tea seedling propagation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of oil tea cuttage nursery side integrated with grafting
Method.
[background technology]
Oil tea is the distinctive important edible oil materials seeds of China, and strong adaptability is drought-resistant, barren, suitable southern hills mountain
District plants.Oleum Camelliae unsaturated fatty acid content reaches 94%, for the hat in crude vegetal, is the oily and pure sky of high-quality functional health
Right non-polluted edible oil.
Oil tea is with seed, cuttage or propagation by grafiting.Carry out seedling breeding and seedling with seed, need substantial amounts of improved seeds oil
Tea seed, the seedling cycle is longer, it is impossible to meets the demand in market, and breeds nursery stock out it cannot be guaranteed that holding parent's is excellent
Optimum shape, character is likely to inconsistent；Camellia oleifera Cutting Seedling Raising is the totipotency utilizing plant cell, will shear off on excellent elite stand
Branch be trained complete new plant under certain conditions.Subtropic of China area has superior climate resources condition,
The season of suitable oil tea cuttage is longer, and cutting propagation is easily formed scale, has that breeding coefficient is high, character is stable, simple to operate,
Seedling cost is relatively low, be difficult to the advantages such as seasonal labour is nervous occur, is the important technical of subtropical zone oil tea breeding.
But, cottage propagation needs substantial amounts of high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar branch, and is semi-lignified, firm lignified branch, this just restriction
The scale of cottage propagation and time.The branch using wild camellia oleifera cultivar or non-prime camellia oleifera cultivar carries out cuttage, cuttage
Aboundresources, after cutting survival, then carries out grafting with the branch of high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar, so can large-scale production nursery, no
It is subject to seasonal restrictions, greatly reduces again the demand to high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar branch, solve high-quality oil tea variety source deficiency
Problem.
But the propagation method of grafting after above-mentioned first cuttage, growing-seedling period is longer, after cuttage branch cutting survival, need to continue nursery
2-3 month, treat that cutting seedling root system sprouting branch mature and stable, that extract out starts lignifying, just can carry out grafting；Otherwise, during grafting
With cutting seedling as stock, when cutting grafting mouth, severe one may be extracted cutting seedling from seedbed, the lighter also can cause cutting seedling root system
Impaired, even result in all of and be all torn；Even if these situations the most do not occur, also need 1.5-2 month after grafting, grafting
Fringe is only possible to survive, and to emerging, needs longer seedling raise period.Therefore, one piece of nursery lot, the oil that 2 batches can only be produced in 1 year
Tea shoot, can not meet far away the market demand to fine quality oil tea Seedling.
[summary of the invention]
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that prior art exists, it is provided that a kind of oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting, should
Method growing-seedling period is short, and cuttage, graft survival rate be high, the oil tea shoot root system of easy to learn, low cost, grafting survival simple to operate is sent out
Reach, grow fine, blade face plump, without pest and disease damage.
The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting,
Comprise the following steps:
1) prepared by seedling medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 33-47 part, fine sand 11-14 part, vegetation
Ash 21-27 part, conch meal 5-9 part, waste material of edible mushroom 17-25 part, compound fertilizer's 13-17 part, Oil-tea-cake powder 7-10 part, silkworm faeces 14-
18 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 7-11 part, zinc sulfate 5-8 part；Concrete preparation process is: after fully being mixed by each raw material, heap is in heaps, adds
Water is mixed thoroughly, and amount of water does not flow out water with substrate heap bottom and is limited, natural compost more than 3 months,；
Preferably, each raw material of described seedling medium is formed by following parts by weight: yellow soil 37 parts, fine sand 13 parts, vegetation
Ash 23 parts, conch meal 7 parts, waste material of edible mushroom 21 parts, compound fertilizer 15 parts, 9 parts of Oil-tea-cake powder, silkworm faeces 15 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 8
Part, 7 parts of zinc sulfate；
2) load: the seedling medium that previous step prepares is filled in nutritive cube, and is compacted gently, described nutritive cube specification
For 12cm × 14cm；
3) move into seedbed: select sunny, irrigation and drainage convenient, leeward place as nursery lot, to the nursery lot selected,
Remove ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed width 1.1-1.2 rice, wide 40-50 centimetre of excavation between seedbed and seedbed, deep
The walkway of 8-10 centimetre, flattens face, seedbed, after seedbed performs, by step 2) load the nutritive cube of full seedling medium and move into Seedling
Bed, puts neat, and waters permeable, standby；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, with the potassium permanganate solution that concentration is 0.6-0.8 ‰ or 50% carbendazim wettable powder
Seedling medium in nutritive cube is carried out by 600-800 times of aqueous solution of agent or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1-1.8 ‰
Spray disinfectant, fountain height, till water seepage bottom nutritive cube, sets up bamboo shelf immediately after, and covering thin film on bamboo shelf will
Seedbed covers, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7-10 days；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.4-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 65%-75%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: take band axillalry bud on annual, semi-lignified, joint, not damaged, branch without pest and disease damage
By 1-2, axillalry bud, long 10-12cm are cut to one section, as cuttage bar, cuttage base portion are cut-60 ° of tangent planes at 45 °, retains 1-2 pair
Leaf, every leaf cuts off half, is put into by training cuttage bar in the rooting powder solution of 400-600mg/L and soaks 3-4 hour, takes
Go out and rinse 5-8 minute with clear water, be ready for cuttage；
7) cuttage: open the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, waters permeable by the seedling medium in nutritive cube, is then become by cuttage bar
45 ° of-60 ° of angles are inserted in seedling medium, and each nutritive cube cuttage 1 strain cuttage bar, insertion depth is with the 1/2 to 2/ of cuttage bar length
3 and retain the leaf base of the leaf distance higher than seedling medium no less than 2 centimetres, cuttage covers thin film, surrounding after completing again
Use soil pressure tightening seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, humid control is at 75-85%, by spray
Watering is to ensure temperature and humidity；
9) grafting: after cuttage 10-15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract out sprouting, within 20-25 days, forms callus, now, open
The thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, extracts cuttage bar, soaks with clear water and cleans, and then takes out employing whip grafting and carries out grafting, grafting
Used grafting ear selection high yield, the camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, switch camellia oleifera cultivar is optimal, particularly Cenxi switch oil tea product
Kind；Graft position is at the cuttage above 3/5-2/3 of bar base portion, before cuttage bar carries out grafting or after grafting completes, on cuttage bar
Sprouting prune: each sprouting branch retains 2-4 centimeter length, 1-2 and opens new leaf, and remaining is extractd；After grafting completes, by skewer
Cutting base portion is put in the 100-200mg/L rooting powder solution containing 0.01mol/L alpha-tocopherol, soaks 1 hour, then takes out
Cuttage is returned in seedling medium, spray water 15-20 minute, covers back thin film, surrounding soil pressure tightening seal；
10) managing after grafting: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, and humid control is at 80-85%；After grafting from
Second day starts, continuous 7 days, every morning 7-8 point, each watering of 7-8 point in evening once, from the 8th day start every night 7-8
Once, to grafting fringe rudiment, irrigation times changes into 3-4 days spilling once afterwards in some watering, until grafting survival, graft survival rate is high
Reach more than 85%.
Carry out after grafting survival daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, carried out every 25 days 1 time, meanwhile, carry out sterilization and underground evil
The preventing and treating of worm, until outplanting.
After grafting survival 15-20 days, in addition to the sprouting extracted out except grafting fringe retains 1-2 the rudiment branch grown fine, plant
On remaining rudiment all erase.
Preferably, in this oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting, in nursery bed management after cuttage, managing after grafting
Watering is installed automatic spraying device by flexible pipe and is realized, and watering drenches with seedling medium top layer every time, and the time is general
For 8-10 minute.
The solution of required preparation in the present invention, solute is insoluble in or water-fast, first dissolves with organic solvent such as ethanol
After, then it is diluted to desired concn.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that
The method of the present invention, uses the branch of wild camellia oleifera cultivar or non-prime camellia oleifera cultivar to carry out cuttage, cuttage branch
After forming callus, in time cuttage branch is transferred to from seedling medium, transfer with high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar branch as stock
Connect, in the seedling medium during nutritive cube is returned in cuttage the most again, carry out daily management.The method can be educated in large-scale production
Seedling, is not subject to seasonal restrictions, and greatly reduces again the demand to high-quality camellia oleifera cultivar branch, solves high-quality oil tea variety source not
The problem of foot.And growing-seedling period is short, graft survival rate is up to more than 85%, can annual production nursery free of discontinuities, it is not necessary to transfer
Nursery place, can cultivate at nutritive cube till grafting survival Seedling goes out garden, easy to learn, low cost simple to operate, transfers
Be connected into oil tea Seedling well developed root system alive, grow fine, blade face plump, without pest and disease damage.
[detailed description of the invention]
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting, comprises the following steps:
1) prepared by seedling medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 33 parts, fine sand 11 parts, plant ash 21 parts,
Conch meal 5 parts, waste material of edible mushroom 17 parts, compound fertilizer 13 parts, 7 parts of Oil-tea-cake powder, silkworm faeces 14 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 7 parts, zinc sulfate
5 parts；Concrete preparation process is: after fully being mixed by each raw material, heap is in heaps, adds water and mixes thoroughly, and amount of water does not flows with substrate heap bottom
Water outlet is limited, natural compost more than 3 months,；
2) load: the seedling medium that previous step prepares is filled in nutritive cube, and is compacted gently, described nutritive cube specification
For 12cm × 14cm；
3) move into seedbed: select sunny, irrigation and drainage convenient, leeward place as nursery lot, to the nursery lot selected,
Remove ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed width 1.1-1.2 rice, wide 40-50 centimetre of excavation between seedbed and seedbed, deep
The walkway of 8-10 centimetre, flattens face, seedbed, after seedbed performs, by step 2) load the nutritive cube of full seedling medium and move into Seedling
Bed, puts neat, and waters permeable, standby；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, with the potassium permanganate solution that concentration is 0.6-0.8 ‰ or 50% carbendazim wettable powder
Seedling medium in nutritive cube is carried out by 600-800 times of aqueous solution of agent or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1-1.8 ‰
Spray disinfectant, fountain height, till water seepage bottom nutritive cube, sets up bamboo shelf immediately after, and covering thin film on bamboo shelf will
Seedbed covers, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7-10 days；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.4-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 65%-75%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: take band axillalry bud on annual, semi-lignified, joint, not damaged, branch without pest and disease damage
By 1-2, axillalry bud, long 10-12cm are cut to one section, as cuttage bar, cuttage base portion are cut-60 ° of tangent planes at 45 °, retains 1-2 pair
Leaf, every leaf cuts off half, is put into by training cuttage bar in the rooting powder solution of 400mg/L and soaks 4 hours, takes out with clear
Water rinses 5-8 minute, is ready for cuttage；
7) cuttage: open the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, waters permeable by the seedling medium in nutritive cube, is then become by cuttage bar
45 ° of-60 ° of angles are inserted in seedling medium, and each nutritive cube cuttage 1 strain cuttage bar, insertion depth is with the 1/2 to 2/ of cuttage bar length
3 and retain the leaf base of the leaf distance higher than seedling medium no less than 2 centimetres, cuttage covers thin film, surrounding after completing again
Use soil pressure tightening seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, humid control is at 75-85%, by spray
Watering is to ensure temperature and humidity；
9) grafting: after cuttage 10-15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract out sprouting, within 20-25 days, forms callus, now, open
The thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, extracts cuttage bar, soaks with clear water and cleans, and then takes out employing whip grafting and carries out grafting, grafting
Used grafting ear selection high yield, the camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, switch camellia oleifera cultivar is optimal, particularly Cenxi switch oil tea product
Kind；Graft position is at the cuttage above 3/5-2/3 of bar base portion, before cuttage bar carries out grafting or after grafting completes, on cuttage bar
Sprouting prune: each sprouting branch retains 2-4 centimeter length, 1-2 and opens new leaf, and remaining is extractd；After grafting completes, by skewer
Cutting base portion is put in the 100mg/L rooting powder solution containing 0.01mol/L alpha-tocopherol, soaks 1 hour, then takes out cuttage
Return in seedling medium, spray water 15-20 minute, cover back thin film, surrounding soil pressure tightening seal；
10) managing after grafting: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, and humid control is at 80-85%；After grafting from
Second day starts, continuous 7 days, every morning 7-8 point, each watering of 7-8 point in evening once, from the 8th day start every night 7-8
Once, to grafting fringe rudiment, irrigation times changes into 3-4 days spilling once afterwards in some watering, until grafting survival, graft survival rate is high
Reach more than 85%.
Carry out after grafting survival daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, carried out every about 25 days 1 time, meanwhile, carry out sterilization and ground
The preventing and treating of lower insect, until outplanting.
After grafting survival 15-20 days, in addition to the sprouting extracted out except grafting fringe retains 1-2 the rudiment branch grown fine, plant
On remaining rudiment all erase.
Wherein, the watering in nursery bed management after cuttage, managing after grafting is to install automatic spraying device by flexible pipe to realize
, watering drenches with seedling medium top layer every time, and the time is generally 8-10 minute.
Embodiment 2
A kind of oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting, comprises the following steps:
1) prepared by seedling medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 37 parts, fine sand 13 parts, plant ash 23 parts,
Conch meal 7 parts, waste material of edible mushroom 21 parts, compound fertilizer 15 parts, 9 parts of Oil-tea-cake powder, silkworm faeces 15 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 8 parts, zinc sulfate
7 parts；Concrete preparation process is: after fully being mixed by each raw material, heap is in heaps, adds water and mixes thoroughly, and amount of water does not flows with substrate heap bottom
Water outlet is limited, natural compost more than 3 months,；
2) load: the seedling medium that previous step prepares is filled in nutritive cube, and is compacted gently, described nutritive cube specification
For 12cm × 14cm；
3) move into seedbed: select sunny, irrigation and drainage convenient, leeward place as nursery lot, to the nursery lot selected,
Remove ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed width 1.1-1.2 rice, wide 40-50 centimetre of excavation between seedbed and seedbed, deep
The walkway of 8-10 centimetre, flattens face, seedbed, after seedbed performs, by step 2) load the nutritive cube of full seedling medium and move into Seedling
Bed, puts neat, and waters permeable, standby；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, with the potassium permanganate solution that concentration is 0.6-0.8 ‰ or 50% carbendazim wettable powder
Seedling medium in nutritive cube is carried out by 600-800 times of aqueous solution of agent or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1-1.8 ‰
Spray disinfectant, fountain height, till water seepage bottom nutritive cube, sets up bamboo shelf immediately after, and covering thin film on bamboo shelf will
Seedbed covers, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7-10 days；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.4-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 65%-75%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: take band axillalry bud on annual, semi-lignified, joint, not damaged, branch without pest and disease damage
By 1-2, axillalry bud, long 10-12cm are cut to one section, as cuttage bar, cuttage base portion are cut-60 ° of tangent planes at 45 °, retains 1-2 pair
Leaf, every leaf cuts off half, is put into by training cuttage bar in the rooting powder solution of 480mg/L and soaks 3 hours, takes out with clear
Water rinses 5-8 minute, is ready for cuttage；
7) cuttage: open the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, waters permeable by the seedling medium in nutritive cube, is then become by cuttage bar
45 ° of-60 ° of angles are inserted in seedling medium, and each nutritive cube cuttage 1 strain cuttage bar, insertion depth is with the 1/2 to 2/ of cuttage bar length
3 and retain the leaf base of the leaf distance higher than seedling medium no less than 2 centimetres, cuttage covers thin film, surrounding after completing again
Use soil pressure tightening seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, humid control is at 75-85%, by spray
Watering is to ensure temperature and humidity；
9) grafting: after cuttage 10-15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract out sprouting, within 20-25 days, forms callus, now, open
The thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, extracts cuttage bar, soaks with clear water and cleans, and then takes out employing whip grafting and carries out grafting, grafting
Used grafting ear selection high yield, the camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, switch camellia oleifera cultivar is optimal, particularly Cenxi switch oil tea product
Kind；Graft position is at the cuttage above 3/5-2/3 of bar base portion, before cuttage bar carries out grafting or after grafting completes, on cuttage bar
Sprouting prune: each sprouting branch retains 2-4 centimeter length, 1-2 and opens new leaf, and remaining is extractd；After grafting completes, by skewer
Cutting base portion is put in the 150mg/L rooting powder solution containing 0.01mol/L alpha-tocopherol, soaks 1 hour, then takes out cuttage
Return in seedling medium, spray water 15-20 minute, cover back thin film, surrounding soil pressure tightening seal；
10) managing after grafting: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, and humid control is at 80-85%；After grafting from
Second day starts, continuous 7 days, every morning 7-8 point, each watering of 7-8 point in evening once, from the 8th day start every night 7-8
Once, to grafting fringe rudiment, irrigation times changes into 3-4 days spilling once afterwards in some watering, until grafting survival, graft survival rate is high
Reach more than 85%.
Carry out after grafting survival daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, carried out every about 25 days 1 time, meanwhile, carry out sterilization and ground
The preventing and treating of lower insect, until outplanting.
After grafting survival 15-20 days, in addition to the sprouting extracted out except grafting fringe retains 1-2 the rudiment branch grown fine, plant
On remaining rudiment all erase.
Wherein, the watering in nursery bed management after cuttage, managing after grafting is to install automatic spraying device by flexible pipe to realize
, watering drenches with seedling medium top layer every time, and the time is generally 8-10 minute.
Embodiment 3
A kind of oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting, comprises the following steps:
1) prepared by seedling medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 47 parts, fine sand 14 parts, plant ash 27 parts,
Conch meal 9 parts, waste material of edible mushroom 25 parts, compound fertilizer 17 parts, 10 parts of Oil-tea-cake powder, silkworm faeces 18 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 11 parts, sulphuric acid
8 parts of zinc；Concrete preparation process is: after fully being mixed by each raw material, heap is in heaps, adds water and mixes thoroughly, and amount of water is with substrate heap bottom not
Outflow water is limited, natural compost more than 3 months,；
2) load: the seedling medium that previous step prepares is filled in nutritive cube, and is compacted gently, described nutritive cube specification
For 12cm × 14cm；
3) move into seedbed: select sunny, irrigation and drainage convenient, leeward place as nursery lot, to the nursery lot selected,
Remove ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed width 1.1-1.2 rice, wide 40-50 centimetre of excavation between seedbed and seedbed, deep
The walkway of 8-10 centimetre, flattens face, seedbed, after seedbed performs, by step 2) load the nutritive cube of full seedling medium and move into Seedling
Bed, puts neat, and waters permeable, standby；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, with the potassium permanganate solution that concentration is 0.6-0.8 ‰ or 50% carbendazim wettable powder
Seedling medium in nutritive cube is carried out by 600-800 times of aqueous solution of agent or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1-1.8 ‰
Spray disinfectant, fountain height, till water seepage bottom nutritive cube, sets up bamboo shelf immediately after, and covering thin film on bamboo shelf will
Seedbed covers, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7-10 days；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.4-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 65%-75%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: take band axillalry bud on annual, semi-lignified, joint, not damaged, branch without pest and disease damage
By 1-2, axillalry bud, long 10-12cm are cut to one section, as cuttage bar, cuttage base portion are cut-60 ° of tangent planes at 45 °, retains 1-2 pair
Leaf, every leaf cuts off half, is put into by training cuttage bar in the rooting powder solution of 600mg/L and soaks 3-4 hour, takes out and use
Clear water rinses 5-8 minute, is ready for cuttage；
7) cuttage: open the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, waters permeable by the seedling medium in nutritive cube, is then become by cuttage bar
45 ° of-60 ° of angles are inserted in seedling medium, and each nutritive cube cuttage 1 strain cuttage bar, insertion depth is with the 1/2 to 2/ of cuttage bar length
3 and retain the leaf base of the leaf distance higher than seedling medium no less than 2 centimetres, cuttage covers thin film, surrounding after completing again
Use soil pressure tightening seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, humid control is at 75-85%, by spray
Watering is to ensure temperature and humidity；
9) grafting: after cuttage 10-15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract out sprouting, within 20-25 days, forms callus, now, open
The thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, extracts cuttage bar, soaks with clear water and cleans, and then takes out employing whip grafting and carries out grafting, grafting
Used grafting ear selection high yield, the camellia oleifera cultivar of disease and insect resistance, switch camellia oleifera cultivar is optimal, particularly Cenxi switch oil tea product
Kind；Graft position is at the cuttage above 3/5-2/3 of bar base portion, before cuttage bar carries out grafting or after grafting completes, on cuttage bar
Sprouting prune: each sprouting branch retains 2-4 centimeter length, 1-2 and opens new leaf, and remaining is extractd；After grafting completes, by skewer
Cutting base portion is put in the 200mg/L rooting powder solution containing 0.01mol/L alpha-tocopherol, soaks 1 hour, then takes out cuttage
Return in seedling medium, spray water 15-20 minute, cover back thin film, surrounding soil pressure tightening seal；
10) managing after grafting: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, and humid control is at 80-85%；After grafting from
Second day starts, continuous 7 days, every morning 7-8 point, each watering of 7-8 point in evening once, from the 8th day start every night 7-8
Once, to grafting fringe rudiment, irrigation times changes into 3-4 days spilling once afterwards in some watering, until grafting survival, graft survival rate is high
Reach more than 85%.
Carry out after grafting survival daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, carried out every about 25 days 1 time, meanwhile, carry out sterilization and ground
The preventing and treating of lower insect, until outplanting.
After grafting survival 15-20 days, in addition to the sprouting extracted out except grafting fringe retains 1-2 the rudiment branch grown fine, plant
On remaining rudiment all erase.
Wherein, the watering in nursery bed management after cuttage, managing after grafting is to install automatic spraying device by flexible pipe to realize
, watering drenches with seedling medium top layer every time, and the time is generally 8-10 minute.
After grafting survival 15-20 days, i.e. the survival rate of oil tea grafting, averagely take root number, root average length, sprouting are put down
All base diameter, sprouting average lengths are added up, the statistical data of embodiment 1-3 such as table 1.
Based on the oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting of embodiment 1-3, do contrast test.
In the case of other steps are constant, step 9) in, without alpha-tocopherol in rooting powder solution, try as a comparison
Test, contrast test 1 corresponding to embodiment 1-3, contrast test 2, the statistical data such as table 2 of contrast test 3.
In the case of other steps are constant, step 9) in, after grafting completes, cuttage bar base portion is put into 0.01mol/L
In alpha-tocopherol solution, soaking 1 hour, then take out cuttage and return in seedling medium, test as a comparison, embodiment 1-3 is corresponding
Contrast test 1 ', contrast test 2 ', the statistical data such as table 3 of contrast test 3 '.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Based on the oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting of embodiment 2, do confirmatory experiment.
In the case of other steps are constant, step 9) in, the alpha-tocopherol contained in 150mg/L rooting powder solution dense
Degree is respectively 0.004mol/L, 0.006mol/L, 0.008mol/L, 0.012mol/L, 0.014mol/L, 0.016mol/L, makees
For confirmatory experiment 1.
After grafting survival 15-20 days, i.e. the survival rate of oil tea grafting, averagely take root number, root average length, sprouting are put down
All base diameter, sprouting average lengths are added up, statistical data such as table 4.
Table 4
In the case of other steps are constant, step 9) in, the concentration of rooting powder solution be respectively 50mg/L, 80mg/L,
100mg/L, 180mg/L, 200mg/L, as confirmatory experiment 2.
After grafting survival 15-20 days, i.e. the survival rate of oil tea grafting, averagely take root number, root average length, sprouting are put down
All base diameter, sprouting average lengths are added up, statistical data such as table 5.
Table 5
From above-mentioned table 1, table 2, table 3, table 4, the statistical data of table 5, after grafting completes, cuttage bar base portion is put into and contains
Have in the 100-200mg/L rooting powder solution of 0.01mol/L alpha-tocopherol, soak 1 hour, then cuttage is returned in seedling medium, right
The survival rate of oil tea grafting, averagely take root number, root average length, the average base diameter of sprouting, the impact of sprouting average length
Greatly, it is thus achieved that data best.
Although, the present invention is described in detail the most with a general description of the specific embodiments, but
On the basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting, it is characterised in that said method comprising the steps of:
1) prepared by seedling medium: weigh following raw material by weight: yellow soil 33-47 part, fine sand 11-14 part, plant ash 21-
27 parts, conch meal 5-9 part, waste material of edible mushroom 17-25 part, compound fertilizer's 13-17 part, Oil-tea-cake powder 7-10 part, silkworm faeces 14-18 part,
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 7-11 part, zinc sulfate 5-8 part；Concrete preparation process is: after fully being mixed by each raw material, heap is in heaps, adds water and mixes
Even, amount of water does not flow out water with substrate heap bottom and is limited, natural compost more than 3 months,；
2) load: being filled in nutritive cube by the seedling medium that previous step prepares, and be compacted gently, described nutritive cube specification is
12cm×14cm；
3) move into seedbed: select sunny, irrigation and drainage convenient, leeward place as nursery lot, to the nursery lot selected, remove
Ground weeds, then start to make seedbed, seedbed width 1.1-1.2 rice, excavation wide 40-50 centimetre, deep 8-10 between seedbed and seedbed
Centimetre walkway, flatten face, seedbed, after seedbed performs, by step 2) load the nutritive cube of full seedling medium and move into seedbed, pendulum
Put neat, and water permeable, standby；
4) sterilization: before cuttage, with the potassium permanganate solution that concentration is 0.6-0.8 ‰ or 50% carbendazol wettable powder
Seedling medium in nutritive cube is sprayed by 600-800 times of aqueous solution or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution that concentration is 1-1.8 ‰
Spilling sterilization, fountain height, till water seepage bottom nutritive cube, sets up bamboo shelf immediately after, covers thin film by Seedling on bamboo shelf
Bed covers, thin film surrounding soil pressure tightening seal, Nausea drying 7-10 days；
5) cool canopy is set up: nursery lot sets up cool canopy, and cool canopy height 2.4-2.5 rice, degree of shading is at 65%-75%；
6) cuttage bar is chosen and is processed: take band axillalry bud on annual, semi-lignified, joint, not damaged, without the branch of pest and disease damage by 1-
2 couples of axillalry buds, long 10-12cm are cut to one section, as cuttage bar, cuttage base portion are cut-60 ° of tangent planes at 45 °, and 1-2 is to leaf in reservation,
Every leaf cuts off half, is put into by training cuttage bar in the rooting powder solution of 400-600mg/L and soaks 3-4 hour, takes out and use
Clear water rinses 5-8 minute, is ready for cuttage；
7) cuttage: open the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, waters permeable by the seedling medium in nutritive cube, then by 45 ° for cuttage bar-
60 ° of angles are inserted in seedling mediums, each nutritive cube cuttage 1 strain cuttage bar, insertion depth with the 1/2 to 2/3 of cuttage bar length and
And the leaf base retaining leaf is no less than 2 centimetres higher than the distance of seedling medium, cuttage covers thin film, surrounding soil again after completing
Compress and seal；
8) nursery bed management after cuttage: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, and humid control, at 75-85%, passes through spray water
To ensure temperature and humidity；
9) grafting: after cuttage 10-15 days, cuttage bar starts to extract out sprouting, within 20-25 days, forms callus, and cuttage survival rate is high
Reach more than 95%, now, open the thin film of seedbed bamboo shelf, cuttage bar is extracted, soak with clear water and clean, then take out employing
Whip grafting carries out grafting, and graft position is at the cuttage above 3/5-2/3 of bar base portion, after grafting completes, is put into by cuttage bar base portion
In 100-200mg/L rooting powder solution containing 0.01mol/L alpha-tocopherol, soak 1 hour, then take out cuttage and return nursery base
In matter, spray water 15-20 minute, cover back thin film, surrounding soil pressure tightening seal；
10) managing after grafting: the thin temperature in the shed in seedbed controls at 22-25 DEG C, and humid control is at 80-85%；From second after grafting
It starts, continuous 7 days, every morning 7-8 point, each watering of 7-8 point in evening once, from the 8th day start every night 7-8 point spill
Once, to grafting fringe rudiment, irrigation times changes into 3-4 days spilling once water afterwards, until grafting survival.
2. oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described seedling medium is each
Raw material is formed by following parts by weight: yellow soil 37 parts, fine sand 13 parts, plant ash 23 parts, conch meal 7 parts, waste material of edible mushroom 21
Part, compound fertilizer 15 parts, 9 parts of Oil-tea-cake powder, silkworm faeces 15 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 8 parts, 7 parts of zinc sulfate.
3. oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 9) in grafting,
Before cuttage bar carries out grafting or after grafting completes, the sprouting on cuttage bar is pruned: each sprouting branch retains 2-4 centimetre
Long, 1-2 opens new leaf, and remaining is extractd.
4. oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 9) in grafting,
Grafting ear selection high yield used by grafting, disease and insect resistance camellia oleifera cultivar.
5. oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described camellia oleifera cultivar is
Switch camellia oleifera cultivar.
6. oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: described switch oil tea product
Plant as Cenxi switch oil tea.
7. oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 10) after grafting
In management, after grafting survival 15-20 days, in addition to the sprouting extracted out except grafting fringe retains 1-2 the rudiment branch grown fine, on plant
Remaining rudiment all erase.
8. oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 10) after grafting
In management, carry out after grafting survival daily eliminating insect, uprooting weed, carried out every 25 days 1 time, meanwhile, carry out sterilization and underground evil
The preventing and treating of worm, until outplanting.
9. oil tea cuttage method for culturing seedlings integrated with grafting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: nursery pipe after cuttage
Watering in reason, managing after grafting is installed automatic spraying device by flexible pipe and is realized.
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| CN106962028A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-07-21 | 佛山市林业科学研究所 | Camellia cuttage grafting integration quick-breeding method |
| CN107114175A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-09-01 | 陆川县巨丰种植园 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings for improving Exocarpium Citri Rubrum survival rate |
| CN107278593A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-24 | 十堰市农业科学院 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings for promoting Caulis Polygoni Multiflori cuttage high density to survive |
| CN107624485A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-01-26 | 安徽省龙成生态农业有限公司 | A kind of high-survival rate Camellia oleifera Cutting Seedling Raising method |
| CN109924101A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-25 | 湖南省林大油茶有限公司 | A kind of Camellia oleifera Cutting Seedling Raising matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN111657041A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-15 | 南京农业大学 | Efficient rapid propagation method for improving tea seedling resistance |
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| CN111657041A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-15 | 南京农业大学 | Efficient rapid propagation method for improving tea seedling resistance |
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