CN106171711A - A kind of method high altitude localities plantation trees - Google Patents
A kind of method high altitude localities plantation trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN106171711A CN106171711A CN201510218785.4A CN201510218785A CN106171711A CN 106171711 A CN106171711 A CN 106171711A CN 201510218785 A CN201510218785 A CN 201510218785A CN 106171711 A CN106171711 A CN 106171711A
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- trees
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method high altitude localities plantation trees, comprises the following steps: a) select seeds；B) seedling is excavated；C) seedling transport to plantation area and is preserved；D) plant tree seedlings；E) follow-up management maintenance.The method of the plantation trees of the present invention, choose seeds due to complex optimum, excavate, transport, apply fertilizer, water and the program such as maintenance, therefore the survival rate of trees is greatly improved, break the present situation of " Nagqu cannot people's work post live in one tree ", provide technical support for high altitude localities plantation trees.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant the method that trees carry out afforesting, particularly relate to a kind of on High aititude ground
The method of district's plantation trees.
Background technology
The lowest, especially at height above sea level higher than 4500 meters in the survival rate of high altitude localities plantation trees
Area, such as Nagqu Diqu.For many years, although Nagqu Diqu has carried out the trial of many, the most greatly
Part trees are dead in winter then of planting, and can survive fewer also becomes shorter and smaller at Second Year,
3rd year the most all dead.Although " Northern Tibet Plateau environmental improvement plant resources introducing and planting is crucial
Technical research and demonstration ", it is thus achieved that 2,008 2009 years Tibet Autonomous Region's science and technology two of Tibet Autonomous Region
Deng prize, but this project research conclusion is thought: xylophyta trophophase is short, growth accumulated temperature is not enough, effectively
The photosynthetic time is few, Ye Wen is low, photosynthetic efficiency is low, and causing respiration consumption to be more than assimilation storage is that restriction is hidden
Plateau, the north successful key factor of Tree Species Introduction.Major part gardens expert think high altitude localities summer time
Between short, temperature is low, soil fertility is low, Winter Dry cold wind intensity is big, frozen soil is deep, the frozen soil phase is long, make
Obtain trees can not fully grow, it is impossible to before arriving winter, store enough nutrients, thus can not normally enter
Enter dormancy, it is impossible to spend very long, dry, strong wind, the winter at strong sunshine.
But, along with China's expanding economy and the deterioration of environment, " greenization " has become as existing
The urgent needs of real development, are difficult to the high altitude localities survived, need offer one badly especially for plant
The method planting the plantation trees being effectively improved high altitude localities trees surviving rate.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above and defect, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of in high altitude localities kind
The method of tree planting wood.The method has filled up the blank of the garden afforestation technology of 4500 meters of area above,
And for providing technical support High aititude desert areas afforestation.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of method high altitude localities plantation trees, comprises the following steps:
A) seeds are selected；
B) seedling is excavated；
C) seedling transport to plantation area and is preserved；
D) plant tree seedlings；
E) follow-up management maintenance.
Further, described high altitude localities is height above sea level area more than 4500 meters.
Further, described seeds include Kangding poplar, Hippophne, long stamen willow and without staple length stamen willow
In one or more.
Further, described in excavate seedling and should excavate in March, described seedling should choose a height of 2-3
Rice and the good seedling of growth conditions, when excavating seedling, should retain the soil of 40-50 centimetre at its root
Ball, and root is wrapped.
Further, should be stacked in storehouse and moisturizing, guarantor with intensive monolayer after being delivered to plant area
Preservation cold, sun-proof.
Further, described in time of planting tree seedlings lead to the previous moon for plantation Soils In The Region, and
Moisture and fertilizer is applied during plantation, and at trees base portion heavy seeding grass seeds.
Further, described grass seeds is selected from cold season grass seeds, and described cold season grass seeds includes siberian wildrye and fescue grass.
Further, described follow-up management maintenance includes that arboreal growth period management maintenance, trees complete not
The management and maintenance of dormancy phase and trees winter management maintenance.
Further, described arboreal growth period management maintenance be included between May to July every
2 or 3 week applied a fertilizer, watered enough water, July before rainy season set in June
Do not refertilize after the middle ten days；Described trees complete the management and maintenance of rest period be included in plantation First Year and
The 9-11 month of Second Year is arranged with trees with high sunshade net in the positive in the south of trees；And it is described
Select fine between April November to next year that trees winter management maintenance is annual after being included in plantation trees
Trees are watered by it afternoon, monthly pouring number of times be 1 or 2 time and when November
Trees base portion above 20-40 centimeters spraying lime white.
Further, described fertilizer be utilize solar radiation heating become thoroughly decomposed, innoxious human excrement.
Owing to using above technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
The method of the plantation trees of the present invention, choose seeds due to complex optimum, excavate, transport, apply fertilizer,
Water and the program such as maintenance, therefore greatly improve the survival rate of trees, broken " Nagqu without
Legal person's work post live one tree " present situation, survive more than 100 strains of 1 year at present, survive more than 40 in 2 years
Strain, survives more than 200 strains of 3 years, survives plant and the most successfully tide over winter, and innovation is survived the winter then
Rear survival length reaches more than 5 centimetres, and length of surviving after innovation was survived the winter in second and third year is more than 10 lis
Rice, the method for the plantation trees of the present invention is that high altitude localities plantation trees provide technical support.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the plantation trees of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
And embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that described herein specifically
Embodiment only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, the method high altitude localities plantation trees of the present invention mainly includes following step
Rapid: a) to select seeds；B) seedling is excavated；C) seedling transport to plantation area and is preserved；d)
Plant tree seedlings；E) follow-up management maintenance.
First choose according to the condition needed for variety classes arboreal growth and " life redundancy " hypothesis
Seeds.Life redundancy (Life Redundancy) refers in the life concern history of hundreds of millions of years, is suitable
Answering changeable environment to occur in that diversified biota, biological species, individuality or component, these are raw
Sub-fraction remaining in evolution in life or its component is got off, and these life or its component are for instantly
Environment is exactly the most unnecessary on quality and quantity, and this phenomenon is just life redundancy.This phenomenon
Favorably it is held in the stability of biosystem evolutionary process.In conjunction with the environmental aspect of high altitude localities, choosing
Take the seeds that can survive under High aititude, special severe cold, intense radiation conditions, i.e. can be certainly in aforesaid environmental
Main entrance dormancy is also resistant to ultralow temperature, dry and cold strong wind and the seeds of intense radiation.Have now been found that Kangding
Poplar, Hippophne, long stamen willow and meet above-mentioned condition without staple length stamen willow, therefore select these seeds
In one or more plant.Select the time of seeds preferably in 10-12 month in the first year.
I.e. carrying out excavating the work of seedling after having chosen seeds, trees are being transplanted to high altitude localities
During should keep good state, and generally low altitude area (including the Lhasa of 3600 meters)
The time that trees sprout is all before and after March, but cities and towns soilization such as more than 4500 meters of Nagqu town etc. is led to
Time is many in mid or late May, preferably (the most by the end of February, at the beginning of 3 months, best before trees sprout for this
At the beginning of 3 months) excavate, choose high 2-3 rice as far as possible, seeds that growth conditions is good, and
Root keeps the native ball of diameter 40-50 centimetre, good with non-woven wraps, transports to planting point attached immediately
Closely.The March the most then time of seeds operating is to April.
Due to the soil of high altitude localities, to lead to the time many in mid or late May, and therefore seedling is transported to
Still needing to preserve behind plantation area and just can plant for about one month, the preservation of period is with intensive monolayer heap
It is excellent for putting and being placed on storehouse, and covers thin film moisturizing；If without storehouse, 20 can be made at bottom paving Polypropylence Sheet
Centimetre shallow pond, the downward monolayer of the back root part that adds water stacks, and the sunshade net of top two-layer 6 pin shades, note
Meaning does not the most allow sunshade net touch branch, in order to avoid causing sprout to burn.
Although the high altitude localities that Nagqu town etc. are more than 4500 meters is in island-shaped permafrost soil district, mountain region,
But annual April, soil layer was on 0 degree Celsius for more than 160 centimetres, and daytime is strong to December
Radiation causes the inversion layer of soil (i.e. mid-March to by the end of April, in top layer frozen soil at night and deep layer
Non-permafrost region is there will be) between frozen soil.Although more than 4500 meters Soils In The Regions led to the date in 5 months
The last ten-days period, for making full use of this inversion layer soil moisture, the recovery of promotion transplanting root system, therefore trees
The time replanted was advisable with April, it is contemplated that Nagqu Diqu snowfall in spring concentrates at the beginning of 5 months by the end of April,
Therefore with 20-25 day in April as optimum.Notice that intensity of solar radiation is the biggest during this period, if 2-3
Without precipitation in it, then must water.Simultaneously should be at butt heavy seeding fescue grass (Festuca after plantation
Ovina), the cold season grass seeds such as siberian wildrye (Elymus sibiricus), to protect trees in season severe winter
The humidity in shallow root district, and contribute to alleviating butt freezing-thawing damage.
Carrying out final management and maintenance afterwards, it comprises growing season management, rest period management and severe winter period management.
It is described as follows:
The most theoretical based on plant growing, the growth of plant must have enough light, heat, water, gas,
Fertile.Although the cities and towns temperature that Nagqu town etc. are more than 4500 meters is low, but intense radiation still can carry for trees
Carry out enough increments.Be planted in liquid manure abundance plot Beijing Poplar (Populus beijingensis),
Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride willow (Salix matsudana) (can only be deposited in summer because independently not entering dormancy in Nagqu
Live), when July, the day growth amount of its innovation reaches as high as 2 centimetres.Nagqu is thus described
It is provided that the enough light needed for arboreal growth, heat are gentle Deng more than 4500 meters high altitude localitiess.But
It is low that High aititude, low temperature cause self fertility of above-mentioned Soils In The Region to generate, and sandy soil can not be preferable in addition
Keep moisture.In conjunction with the development in High aititude cities and towns, increasing human excrement is utilized height
The solar radiation heating that height above sea level is sufficient is become thoroughly decomposed after harmless treatment, applies fertilizer when planting and before mid-July
(applying fertilizer when planting once, mid-May is to often applying fertilizer in 2-3 week 1 time by the end of June)；Simultaneously in June
Rainy season waters before arriving in a large number, by enough liquid manure to promote to transplant recovery and the growth of trees.7
Should not refertilize after the middle of the month, in order to avoid causing excessive growth so that trees can not effectively proceed to store nutrient and
Enter the actively dormant stage.This process i.e. growing season management, is preferably carried out in 5-8 month then.
Complete the management of rest period followed by trees, preferably carry out in 9-11 month then.Nagqu
Generally starting snowfall in annual mid-September in the cities and towns of 4500 meters more than, snowfall normally results in
Night, temperature prompt drop was to subzero 15-20 degree Celsius, and snowfall is typically fine day next day, and temperature also can rise
To 5-10 degree above freezing, intense radiation in addition, trunk temperature can be caused to rise to more than 10 degrees Celsius, thus
Cause not freezing completely into dormancy innovation burning.Although above-mentioned selected seeds can be in August
Initially enter dormancy, but the snowfall of JIUYUE, significantly cooling can significantly affect trees and complete dormancy and (i.e. do not have
Have sufficiently long autumn), newly transplant trees, have a large amount of benefit to appreciate life because transplanting impaired
Long phenomenon so that it is actively dormancy performance level is worse.For making full use of the soil before soil freezes completely
Temperature and temperature help trees to complete dormancy.After planting for this, the first year and next year are suitable for JIUYUE-November,
Positive applying in the south and trees are with high sunshade net, and to utilize temperature, ground temperature to promote, trees complete dormancy,
Avoid freezing generation of burning simultaneously.
Needing in the winter time trees are carried out Maintenance in Winter, more than the 4500 meters cities and towns such as Nagqu are very long for winter
It is dried, the multigelation that intense radiation causes in addition, 10-15 centimetre of month top layer of November to next year 3-4 soil
Earth there will be and is dehydrated completely, the most preferably fine day pouring in afternoon (between 15 .-20, temperature 3-5
Degrees centigrade, monthly 1-2 time), increase the humidity of topsoil, buffer the upper soll layer temperature difference,
To protect young root in shallow soil layer.And spray white lime November in butt above 20-40 centimeters
Slurry, slows down freeze thawing and causes butt stalk rot (can cause the death completely of trees aerial parts eventually).
Here it is severe winter period management, preferably carry out to April next year at December then.
Above-mentioned final-period management can repeat year pipe irrigation project next year and the 3rd year as required, with
Just survival rate is improved.
As a example by the military subarea institute of Nagqu town, started from 2004 how to probe in outdoor tree planting, logical
Spend summer and plant Beijing Poplar and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride willow, find: the Nagqu town in summer have enough light, heat gentle with
Meet arboreal growth demand；Before outdoor placement in whole winter (May next year in November) completes dormancy
Stating seeds, result shows that dormancy trees also will not be caused substantially damage by the intense radiation in winter and low temperature.
In April, 2012 hides river poplar, Kangding poplar, left-handed willow and thickleaf spruce from Lhasa buying, as stated above
Fertilising, water and use sunshade net, result to show Zang Chuanyang, left-handed Liu Jun can not preferably enter dormancy,
Cause Zang Chuanyang, left-handed Liu Jun dead；234 thickleaf spruces are the most still survived 182,3 years
Top tip growth length is about 20 centimetres；Kangding poplar more than 10 strain, 8 strains of still surviving in May, the 3rd.
For the method probing into the plantation trees of the present invention further, in December, 2012 cuttage 10 strains are without staple length
Stamen willow, at present survival 3 strains, 2 years innovation Overwintering And Survival length in past are all more than 10 centimetres.
In November, 2013 and in January, 2014, March, cuttage, transplanting are without staple length stamen willow, long stamen willow, green grass or young crops
Sea PiceameyeriRehd. Et Wils. and Kangding poplar more than 150 strain.At present, Kangding poplar 2 strain (3 meters high), thickleaf spruce 4 strain (2.7
Rice is high), long stamen willow 8 strain (2.5 meters high) and more than 90 strains good without the survival of staple length stamen willow, sprouting is also
Have started to sprout.
As a example by railway station, Nagqu, in April, 2013, purchase Hippophne, thickleaf spruce more than 50 strain
Plant in railway station, Nagqu, by preceding method plantation management.Survival thickleaf spruce 21 strain at present is (more
Shoot survival average length 5 centimetres after winter), Hippophne 13 strain (shoot Overwintering And Survival length then
2 centimetres, next year shoot Overwintering And Survival length 10 centimetres).
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not used for limiting the enforcement model of the present invention
Enclose；If without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention is modified or equivalent,
All should contain in the middle of the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method high altitude localities plantation trees, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A) seeds are selected；
B) seedling is excavated；
C) seedling transport to plantation area and is preserved；
D) plant tree seedlings；
E) follow-up management maintenance.
The method of plantation trees the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described High aititude
Area is height above sea level area more than 4500 meters.
The method of plantation trees the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described seeds bag
Include Kangding poplar, Hippophne, long stamen willow and without one or more in staple length stamen willow.
The most according to claim 1 plantation trees method, it is characterised in that described in excavate tree
Seedling should be excavated in March, and described seedling should choose a height of 2-3 rice and the good seedling of growth conditions,
When excavating seedling, the native ball of 40-50 centimetre should be retained at its root, and root is wrapped.
The method of plantation trees the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be delivered to plantation
Should be stacked in storehouse and moisturizing, cold insulation, sun-proof preservation with intensive monolayer behind area.
The method of plantation trees the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described plantation tree
The time of Seedling leads to the previous moon for plantation Soils In The Region, and applies moisture and fertilizer when planting, and
At trees base portion heavy seeding grass seeds.
The method of plantation trees the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described grass seeds selects
From cold season grass seeds, described cold season grass seeds includes siberian wildrye and fescue grass.
The method of plantation trees the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described follow-up pipe
Reason maintenance includes that arboreal growth period management maintenance, trees complete management and maintenance and the trees winter of rest period
Season management and maintenance.
The method of plantation trees the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described trees are raw
Long-period of management maintenance is included between May to July and applies a fertilizer every 2 or 3 week,
Water enough water before rainy season set in June, do not refertilize after mid-July；Described trees are complete
The management and maintenance becoming rest period is included in the First Year of plantation and the 9-11 month of Second Year trees
Positive setting in the south and trees are with high sunshade net；And described trees winter management maintenance is included in plantation
Trees are watered, often by the afternoon selecting fine day between April November annual after trees to next year
Moon pouring number of times is 1 or 2 time and sprays in trees base portion above 20-40 centimeters when November
It is coated with lime white.
10. according to the method for the plantation trees described in claim 6 or 9, it is characterised in that described
Fertilizer be utilize solar radiation heating become thoroughly decomposed, innoxious human excrement.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109463182A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | A kind of winter means of defence of superelevation height above sea level aeolian accumulation sand ground sand-fixation plant seedling |
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| CN104429808A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-03-25 | 云南红土生源药用生物科技开发有限公司 | High-altitude mountain area afforestation method through transplantation of aquilaria sinensis nursery stocks |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101953284A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-01-26 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for protecting plateau forest tree seedling planting root |
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| CN103814793A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-28 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Tree transplanting survival method in high altitude area |
| CN104429808A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-03-25 | 云南红土生源药用生物科技开发有限公司 | High-altitude mountain area afforestation method through transplantation of aquilaria sinensis nursery stocks |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109463182A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-15 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | A kind of winter means of defence of superelevation height above sea level aeolian accumulation sand ground sand-fixation plant seedling |
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Application publication date: 20161207 |