CN102668935A

CN102668935A - Method for covering mulching film on farmland

Info

Publication number: CN102668935A
Application number: CN201210005893XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘玉华; 史纪安; 郭永新
Original assignee: Henan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Henan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2012-01-10
Filing date: 2012-01-10
Publication date: 2012-09-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for covering a mulching film on farmland. The method comprises the following steps of: paving the mulching film in an operation area, firmly pressing the edges of the mulching film, and covering a protective layer on the entire surface of the mulching film in the whole period from the pavement of the mulching film to the harvest of crops or in the whole period from the germination of seeds of the crops to the harvest of the crops or in the whole period from the transplantation and rooting of the crops to the harvest of the crops, wherein the protective layer is at least one of shading materials such as field fine topsoil, soft crop straws, soft weeds and a sunshade net. By paving the protective layer on the mulching film, environmental conditions such as sunlight exposure, wind and rain are avoided, so that the aging and breaking process of the mulching film is effectively slowed; the using amount of mulching films is reduced by effectively prolonging the service life of the mulching films; and meanwhile, relatively intact residual films are preserved for recovery, so that the aims of saving cost, synergizing and reducing white pollution are fulfilled.

Description

A kind of farmland plastic mulching method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of farmland plastic mulching method.

Background technology

Plastic film mulching cultivation is used for the land for growing field crops as an advanced science and technology and produces; It is good heats soil moisture conservation, preserve moisture and fertility, improve soil physico-chemical property, suppress weed growth and alleviate characteristic such as disease changes the mode of production and promotes agricultural productive force agricultural and brought into play significant role; But mulch film is prone to aging breakage down in effect such as expose to the weather; Being scattered in residual film in the face of land and the soil can not degrade for a long time and can't effectively reclaim; Along with popularizing of plastic mulching cultivation technology; " white pollution " problem becomes increasingly conspicuous; In recent years in succession photodegradation film, Biodegradable films and the light/ground membrane technologies such as bio-degradable mulch film of research and development mainly be through in base resin, introduce chemical assistant or starch filled that light enhanced sensitivity group or interpolation have the light sensitization realize local ageing damaged and or the part degraded, but should technology still immature, the part mulch film of placing into the soil keeps original intensity effectively to degrade basically; To promote difficulty big for the high production cost of degradative plastic film in addition, can not satisfy the production needs.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of farmland plastic mulching method; Ageing process through postponing mulch film with reduce damaged degree, heat at plastic film mulching cultivation alleviate under the prerequisite such as soil moisture conservation in the existing farmland plastic film mulching cultivation production practices mulch film be prone to aging damaged, can't effectively reclaim and cause the farm environment white pollution problems.

In order to address the above problem; The present invention provides a kind of farmland plastic mulching method; Laying plastic also compresses this mulch film edge in the operation area; From during laying plastic to crop harvesting whole or from crop seed sprout during crop harvesting whole or from crop transplant return seedling to crop harvesting whole during equal covered protection layer on all surfaces at said mulch film, said overcoat is at least a in top layer, field fine earth, soft stalk, soft weeds or the sunshade net.

The thickness of the overcoat that is made up of top layer, said field fine earth is at least 1cm.

The present invention is through laying overcoat on mulch film; At first; Overcoat avoids sunlight to be exposed to the sun and environmental factor such as wind and weather is effectively alleviated the aging broken process of mulch film; Thereby heat on the soil moisture conservation effect basis through effective prolongation mulch film and reduced farmland mulch film usage amount service life taking into account the farmland plastic film mulching cultivation, complete relatively mulch film relic is that the farmland mulch film effectively reclaims convenience is provided, and helps alleviating white pollution harm; Secondly, overcoat isolation mulch film is avoided directly contacting with crop seedling, can effectively avoid plastic mulching high temperature burning seedling phenomenon generation under the burning sun; The 3rd, mulch film and overcoat effectively reduce soil water evaporation intensity, and mulch film utilizes the condition that provides again with the good steam condensation that contacts soil evaporation under the film of lower soil simultaneously, and the soil moisture conservation effect is able to promote; The 4th; Adding overcoat on the mulch film takes off because of strong wind on film, aging fragmentation and the membrane lifetime basis, prolongation ground at the minimizing mulch film; The part weed seed is not germinateed or chitting piece loses light and yellow is dead; And overcoat can not satisfy the weeds normal growth and grow needs because lack of water is few fertile on the film, therefore can effectively suppress crop smothering and take place; The 5th, the secondary salinization of soil of soil can avoided or alleviate to overcoat through partial cutoff capillary and the top layer enrichment that slows down water evaporates and then reduction soil soluble mineral matter; The 6th, overcoat is made up of top layer, field fine earth, soft light screening materials such as discarded crops straw, soft weeds or sunshade net, and is with low cost, draws materials conveniently.

Further; The overcoat thickness that is made up of top layer, farmland fine earth is at least 1cm; Do not increase additional labor in conjunction with conventional mulch film laying or the operation of cultivation and banking agronomy; The flourishing formation of plant growth middle and later periods prevents the aging second broken road barrier of mulch film in addition, and therefore the once-paving fine earth can satisfy the whole growing needs in the whole protection process, and feasibility is good.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the user mode figure of mulch film in the embodiment of the invention 1.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is done detailed description:

A kind of farmland plastic mulching method embodiment

Embodiment 1

To the seedling raising and transplanting land for growing field crops, as shown in Figure 1, using sufficient on the meticulous whole ground foundation of base manure; Plastic mulching operation area 3 top layer dry ground are scavenged into the both sides, operation area, according to the covering with plastic film 2 of losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil of membrane covering method routinely, to accomplish to tighten during the film of shop, stretching, obturage; The ground temperature fast rise promotes transplanting to return seedling behind the overlay film, after seedling is returned in transplanting, the top layer fine earth that is stacked at mulch film laying both sides, operation area is before removed foreign matters such as root stubble, stone evenly be covered on the mulch film 2 afterwards; Cover fully and form soil defence layer 1; Until crop harvesting, the overcoat thickness 2cm by the top layer fine earth constitutes does not increase additional labor in conjunction with conventional mulch film laying or cultivation and banking; Field management afterwards is with film mulching and planting is identical routinely, and management method is a method well known to those skilled in the art, repeats no more at this; Can get over season or long-term use of straddling over year not influencing under the situation that production needs mulch film, in this process, can or lay the top layer fine earth again, to guarantee the complete of overcoat according to field actual conditions local repair soil; Also can before the farmland is ploughed, remove the earth foreign material that adhere on the mulch film and utilize, in the time can not satisfying the agricultural production needs, concentrate and reclaim in order to laying once more.

Embodiment 2

To frost-free season weak point need increase the area that accumulated temperature is robbed farming season; Use sufficient on the meticulous whole ground foundation of base manure at film mulching and planting routinely, top layer, plastic mulching operation area dry ground is scavenged into the both sides, operation area, according to the covering with plastic film of losing no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil of membrane covering method routinely; The shop will accomplish to tighten during film, stretching, obturage; The ground temperature fast rise promotes seed germination behind the film of shop, treat that seed germination is emerged after, combine to draw the operation of seedling grave mound field and will be stacked at mulch film temporarily and lay the top layer fine earth of both sides, operation area and remove foreign matters such as root stubble, stone and evenly be covered on the mulch film afterwards; Cover to form fully that to constitute thickness by the top layer fine earth be the soil defence layer about 2cm; Field management afterwards is with film mulching and planting is identical routinely, and management method is a method well known to those skilled in the art, repeats no more at this; Can get over season or long-term use of straddling over year not influencing under the situation that production needs mulch film, in this process, can or lay the top layer fine earth again, to guarantee the complete of overcoat according to field actual conditions local repair soil; Also can before the farmland is ploughed, remove the earth foreign material that adhere on the mulch film and utilize, in the time can not satisfying the agricultural production needs, concentrate and reclaim in order to laying once more.

Embodiment 3

Different with embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is, during laying plastic to crop harvesting whole, on mulch film, all covers sun-proof overcoat, and this method can better be protected mulch film.

In other embodiments of the invention; Different with the foregoing description is, mulch film is laid link and need not be cleared up topsoil and adopt conventional mulch film laying method, and different with the foregoing description is; The overcoat thickness that the top layer fine earth constitutes can also be adjusted as required; Can be 1cm, also can be less than 1cm, in other embodiments of the invention; Different with the foregoing description is; Overcoat can also also can be other light screening materials such as sunshade net for soft crops straw or soft weeds such as straw, wheat straw, can also in light screening materials such as top layer, farmland fine earth, soft crops straw, soft weeds, sunshade net, select two or three to lay as required.

Claims

1. farmland plastic mulching method; It is characterized in that: laying plastic also compresses this mulch film edge in the operation area; From during laying plastic to crop harvesting whole or from crop seed sprout during crop harvesting whole or from crop transplant return seedling to crop harvesting whole during equal covered protection layer on all surfaces at said mulch film, said overcoat is at least a in top layer, field fine earth, soft stalk, soft weeds or the sunshade net.

2. a kind of farmland plastic mulching method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of the overcoat that is made up of top layer, said field fine earth is at least 1cm.