CN102498901A - Method of building field biological fence - Google Patents
Method of building field biological fence Download PDFInfo
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- CN102498901A CN102498901A CN2011103645480A CN201110364548A CN102498901A CN 102498901 A CN102498901 A CN 102498901A CN 2011103645480 A CN2011103645480 A CN 2011103645480A CN 201110364548 A CN201110364548 A CN 201110364548A CN 102498901 A CN102498901 A CN 102498901A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of building a field biological fence, which mainly includes: sequentially planting ceratoides latens, cereal crops and potato at intervals in a plot from west to east, namely transplanting seedlings of the ceratoides latens from west to east, planting the cereal crops to the east and planting the potato to the east; repeating sequential planting of the three types of crops from west to east. The transplanted ceratoides latens is clipped once three years before reviving in spring, stalks of the cereal crops are maintained 15cm-20cm in height during harvest in autumn, ploughing and leveling are performed after the potato is harvested, and accordingly the field biological fence is formed. The method is simple in operation, has the double functions of increasing yield and income and protecting field ecological environment, and is practically suitable for northern dry farming areas to develop characteristic commercial crops and expand forage grass production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction method of biological hedge net, refer in particular to a kind of construction method that is used for the windproof solid autochthonal thing hedge net in farmland.
Background technology
In the staggered area of northern China agriculture and animal husbandry; Dry farming farmland winter, soil wind erosion in spring are serious; With many, snowfall of the wind strong wind same period and the rare natural characteristic stack of rainfall, cause that the face of land, large tracts of land farmland is exposed, the table soil loosening, this area has become the important reinforcing band in sand and dust source, path, northwest.And in recent years, potato is as the main economic crops establishing in large scale in this area.Because potato planting must carry out autumn ploughing and turns over operation, and winter, spring, day with wind of gale force nearly more than 40 days, seriously eroded surface soil, this also be this zone desertification generally breakdown speed still greater than the potential problems of the speed of improvement.The control of therefore, desertifying in the wind erosion of root crop agricultural land soils such as this area research potato is particularly urgent.It is necessary constantly improving and promote the windproof solid autochthonal thing hedge net construction technology in dry farming farmland through integrated technology.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides the construction method of the biological hedge net in a kind of farmland; This method is inserted easy toothing cereal crop through plough block gap, crop potato planting field in large tracts of land; To be prone to the toothing cereal crop during autumn crops results and keep also field of certain altitude vertical rod; Form cereal crop toothing band and plough open ground layout at interval, reduce wind speed near the ground, increase the exposed band face of land and slightly release souls from purgatory, gather effects such as snow soil moisture conservation, can improve intercropping and expose and take up husky wind speed threshold value by the toothing band; Reduce the soil wind erosion amount, promote dry farming district's farming and animal husbandry production sustainable development and economy, ecological benefits doulbe-sides' victory.
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is realized by following scheme: the construction method of the biological hedge net in a kind of farmland; It is characterized in that: ceratoides latens, cereal crop and three kinds of crops of potato are planted in the plot from West to East successively at interval, and the kind method for planting is: transplant 2 row ceratoides latens offspring from West to East successively; Plantation bandwidth 8.4m ∽ 14.4m cereal crop; Plantation bandwidth 8.4m ∽ 14.4m potato; Repeat the plantation successively from West to East of above-mentioned three kinds of crops afterwards; Ceratoides latens is transplanted the back and before turning green spring in 3 years, is cradled once; Cereal crop keeps the high 15cm ∽ 20cm of stubble when gathering in the crops autumn, potato ploughs leveling with ground after the results autumn, has so promptly formed the biological hedge net in farmland.
The present invention also comprises following scheme: the line-spacing of said transplanting ceratoides latens offspring and spacing in the rows are 40cm ∽ 60cm; The line-spacing of said plantation cereal crop is 20cm ∽ 25cm; The line-spacing of said plantation potato is that 50cm, spacing in the rows are 40cm ∽ 50cm.
Advantage of the present invention is: the exposed farmland behind the staggered band of the northern agriculture and animal husbandry dry farming district establishing in large scale potato harvest, the soil wind erosion amount reaches 3t/hm
2And insert easy toothing cereal crop at interval at the establishing in large scale potato fields; Winter, spring breeze erosion utilize the protection of ceratoides latens and cereal crop toothing band can reduce the soil wind erosion amount that band is ploughed in intercropping season, compare with the exposed farmland of large tracts of land, and soil wind erosion amount reduction amplitude is higher than 70%.Plough bare area at the stubble interband at a distance from the different bandwidth intercropping that distributes; Bandwidth is during less than 8.4m; The soil wind erosion amount is compared with the large tracts of land bare area; Therefore the reduction amplitude is higher than 50%, produces to go up and can realize that the dry farming farmland is windproof through the banded toothing interplanting technique that the control bandwidth is no more than 8.4m and consolidate native purpose; When bandwidth during greater than 8.4m; The soil wind erosion amount is in rising trend again, compares with the large tracts of land bare area, and intercropping bare area soil wind erosion amount reduction amplitude is lower than 48%; Can be chosen in the ceratoides latens in the suitable northern nonirrigated farmland of plantation in the banded toothing intercropping farmland, autumn, ceratoides latens did not cradle.Even when 8 grades of strong wind; Farmland wind speed near the ground under the protection of ceratoides latens hedge net also has been no more than husky wind speed (6m/s); So just can make the stubble protective effect of bare area band is extended to 14.4m from 8.4m, solved part plot width greater than 8.4m after the problem that strengthens of wind erosion quantity.
The construction method of the biological hedge net in this farmland is simple to operate; Need not increase input newly, only need adjacent two ground to press wrong year in shift of crops cycle and select seeding crops, form Different Crop cropping pattern spaced apart and get final product; It has increasing both production and income concurrently and the double action of the ecotope that protects the fields; Meet the long-term plan of country, be fit to northern dry farming area development characteristic economic crops and enlarge the reality that fodder grass is produced, have a extensive future in dust storm area development protectiveness agricultural.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of this construction method.
Fig. 2 bandwidth exceeds 8.4m field planting floor map (ceratoides latens, naked oats, potato are respectively represented with Dk Trellis, vertical line, white).
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; This research approach is employed in large tracts of land must plough the easy toothing cereal crop of block gap, crop potato planting field insertion; Winter, spring breeze erosion rely on the vertical rod of the cereal crop stubble that is prone to toothing to stop season; The raising intercropping is ploughed bare area and is played husky wind speed threshold value, realizes the reduction of agricultural land soil wind erosion quantity.Implementation step is following:
1. planting patterns: spring former years the establishing in large scale potato the field piece vacate certain width by kind of certain width potato mode at a distance from the band plantation; The cereal crop of other easy toothing of optimum period plantation in the band of vacating so just forms potato and easy toothing cereal crop strip cropping layout then.Bandwidth exceeds transplants ceratoides latens 2 row in the banded toothing intercropping farmland of 8.4m.
2. confirm bandwidth: toothing band and intercropping band are preferably wide, in order to rotating crops next year.Concrete width will be according to local farm machinery, design according to the integral multiple of sower width.Be with widely, weaken wind speed and must descend with the effect that alleviates wind erosion.But be with the narrow operation that on producing, is difficult to.Four-wheel tractor is used in this area more at present, and the sower fabric width is 1.2m.
3. confirm the crop combination of strip cropping: will consider high and short, happiness light and anti-shady the collocation on the space; Also to consider the complementation and the competition of underground factor,, rationally utilize different soil liquid manure according to the root system depth, density collocation crop.Two kinds of intercultures are staggered vegetative period as far as possible, avoid the competition of the soil and the season of growth.Because the influence of natural calamity, be also noted that the resistance of crop, consider drought-enduring and waterlogging, disease-resistant and catch an illness, cold-resistant and be prone to freeze, pest-resistant and invite characteristic such as worm.For at utmost bringing into play the production-increasing function of each crop, also to give full play to limit row advantage, avoid limit row inferior position.The staggered band of north agriculture and animal husbandry dry farming district is main with naked oats and potato, can suit measures to local conditions to select cereal crop and potato combinations such as GVG, buckwheat, wheat, ploughs leveling behind the potato harvest, other crop toothing.
4. stubble height: from weakening the angle of wind speed, toothing is high more good more.But very difficult binding has been gathered in the crops like the toothing height in manual work.But as long as toothing will have certain corrosion protection result.Under the condition that machine is received, toothing can be high, is generally 15～20cm.
5. other main points: make row as far as possible to vertical with prevailing wind direction; Guarantee sowing and cultivating quality;
The toothing strip cropping requires the tractor driver to walk as far as possible directly, reduces bending, but backguy with good conditionsi or day-mark bar at the edge of a field; Prevent that livestock from trampleing on destruction toothing band winter.
As shown in Figure 2, ceratoides latens, naked oats, potato are respectively represented with Dk Trellis, vertical line, white.Bandwidth is 12m; Middle transplanting ceratoides latens 2 row at potato and naked oats intercropping band; The line-spacing of ceratoides latens offspring and spacing in the rows are 40cm ∽ 60cm, do not cradle after gathering in the crops ceratoides latens autumn, and still toothing 15 ∽ 20cm are high during the results naked oats; Plough leveling behind the potato harvest, winter, spring breeze erosion have have just prevented and treated because the intercropping potato that the bandwidth increase causes ploughs the phenomenon that band soil wind erosion amount increases season like this.
Claims (2)
1. the construction method of the biological hedge net in a farmland is characterized in that: ceratoides latens, cereal crop and three kinds of crops of potato are planted in the plot from West to East successively at interval, plant method for planting and be: transplant 2 row ceratoides latens offspring from West to East successively; Plantation bandwidth 8.4m ∽ 14.4m cereal crop; Plantation bandwidth 8.4m ∽ 14.4m potato; Repeat the plantation successively from West to East of above-mentioned three kinds of crops afterwards; Ceratoides latens is transplanted the back and before turning green spring in 3 years, is cradled once; Cereal crop keeps the high 15cm ∽ 20cm of stubble when gathering in the crops autumn, potato ploughs leveling with ground after the results autumn, has so promptly formed the biological hedge net in farmland.
2. the construction method of the biological hedge net in a kind of farmland according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the line-spacing of said transplanting ceratoides latens offspring and spacing in the rows are 40cm ∽ 60cm; The line-spacing of said plantation cereal crop is 20cm ∽ 25cm; The line-spacing of said plantation potato is that 50cm, spacing in the rows are 40cm ∽ 50cm.
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| CN2011103645480A CN102498901A (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2011-11-03 | Method of building field biological fence |
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| CN2011103645480A CN102498901A (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2011-11-03 | Method of building field biological fence |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103222385A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-07-31 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Shrub and herbaceous plant combined planting method |
| CN103385145A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-13 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Upland rice protective cultivation method |
| CN104265066A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽科技学院 | Construction method of maize straw fence |
| CN105594433A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for constructing and planting ceratoideslatens (J.F.Gmel.) revealet holmgren in desert grassland of arid region |
| CN107231924A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-10 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | It is harvested for one time each year corn planting farmland storage snow and subtracts steaming efficient water use regulation and control method |
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| CN101233811A (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2008-08-06 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Corn stubble-remaining ridge side planting method |
| CN101617621A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2010-01-06 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Mixed type protection forest combining configuration method in agricultural and animal husbandry crisscross region |
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| CN101233811A (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2008-08-06 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Corn stubble-remaining ridge side planting method |
| CN101617621A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2010-01-06 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Mixed type protection forest combining configuration method in agricultural and animal husbandry crisscross region |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103222385A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-07-31 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Shrub and herbaceous plant combined planting method |
| CN103385145A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-13 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Upland rice protective cultivation method |
| CN104265066A (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2015-01-07 | 安徽科技学院 | Construction method of maize straw fence |
| CN104265066B (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-06-22 | 张玉玲 | A kind of method of construction of corn stalk hedge |
| CN105594433A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for constructing and planting ceratoideslatens (J.F.Gmel.) revealet holmgren in desert grassland of arid region |
| CN105594433B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2019-03-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone desert steppe planting ceratoides latens |
| CN107231924A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-10-10 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | It is harvested for one time each year corn planting farmland storage snow and subtracts steaming efficient water use regulation and control method |
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Application publication date: 20120620 |