Slope protecting device and means of defence
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of slope protecting device and means of defence, refer in particular to a kind of planting plants in side slope, logical
Cross the combination of plant and protection substrate, prevent soil erosion and atmospheric disintegration of rocks, the preventer of corrosion and the protection side of side slope
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, along with large-scale engineering construction and mining, cause massif to form substantial amounts of bare side sloping, produce
The geotechnical slope of vegetation cannot be recovered in a large number, in a short time in its surface hardly possible realization of clear-cutting forestland vegetative coverage, existing
Have side slope engineering reinforcement measure many pursuits intensity effect, mostly use the protection of the Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt such as stone-laying and pneumatically placed concrete, so destroy
The harmony of natural, ecological.
It is known that the slope protection form such as the traditional riverbank of China, lake, reservoir has jackstone, cemented rock, concrete slab etc.
Form, primarily to prevent domatic soil erosion, storm resisting from washing away.But these slope protection form exist in actual applications
Some problems:
(1) lack ecological, domatic be difficult to kind of a grass, greening, destroy the original ecological environment in river course;
(2) poor durability, the bad adaptability to domatic local deformation, run into poor soil body environment, be easily generated depression, dike
Collapse, icing protuberance, thus there is local failure or structural instability;
(3) limited stone material makes traditional bank form cost improve constantly;
(4) once there is local failure in rigidity bank protection face, is susceptible to large-area destruction, and renewal expense is high and constructs not
Convenient.
Below the dykes and dams in river, lake etc. and massif slope, often causes large-area because of rain drop erosion
Soil erosion, these places are due to special ramp structure, when raining heavily, after soil matrix is easily washed damage, heavy rain,
Can dry up rapidly again, be unfavorable for growth and the retention of vegetation, time serious, the mud-stone flow disaster of massif can be formed, and dykes and dams
, there is great potential safety hazard in crevasse.On massif inclined-plane, how to plant the plant of well developed root system, with curing soil, prevent water
Soil runs off, and becomes a difficult problem for prior art.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, it is an object of the invention to, it is provided that a kind of slope protecting device
And means of defence, this preventer is combined by protection substrate and planting plants, can prevent soil erosion and the rock of side slope
Air slaking, corrosion, and its simple in construction, low cost, safety and environmental protection, afforestation effect is good.
A kind of slope protecting device, this preventer is laid in exposed side slope, it include protecting substrate, non-woven fabrics and
Fixing nail, described protection substrate is bent to form arc convex upwards;Protection substrate is provided with multiple hole, and described hole is arranged in
Lower two rows, set relatively, and the area in hole is 1:4~6 with the ratio of the protection substrate gross area;Non-textile mulch is at protection substrate
Surface, fixing nail will be covered with the protection substrate of non-woven fabrics and is fixed in side slope;The shape of described fixing nail is triangular pyramid;Anti-
Protecting the one side that substrate contacts with side slope and there is hollow space, the maximum vertical height of hollow space is 30cm-40cm, hollow space
Tamped by implant;Described implant is made up of plant seed, plant growth medium, the mixture of fertilizer, plant growth medium
Being 3:1 with the ratio of fertilizer, described plant growth medium is made up of peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, dry branches and fallen leaves, its
Middle peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, the weight proportion of dry branches and fallen leaves are 4:3:1:5:2;Multiple protection substrates are adjacent to be laid,
Connect and cover whole side slope in flakes.
Wherein said protection substrate is formed by degradable plant fiber compacting, has respectively above and below protection substrate
There is chimb, it is simple to protection substrate, through chimb, is fixed in side slope by fixing nail.
A length of 9m of wherein said protection substrate, a width of 6m, hole one row 3 on protection substrate, hole and protection substrate
The distance of dual-side is respectively 1 meter, and the distance between adjacent two holes is 2 meters.
The material of wherein said non-woven fabrics is degradable plant fiber.
Wherein said non-woven fabrics is long 9m, the rectangle of wide 7m.
The material of wherein said fixing nail is rustless steel, a length of 25cm of fixing nail.
A diameter of 1m in wherein said hole.
Wherein said protection substrate is laterally to lay or longitudinally lay.
Wherein said fixing nail is fixed on two long limits of protection substrate.
The means of defence of a kind of side slope, comprises the following steps:
S1, the cleaning in side slope face;
S2, spray a small amount of water in the side slope surface cleared up;
S3, implant is poured down or forth in side slope;Wherein, described implant is by plant seed, plant growth medium, fertilizer
Mixture forms, and the ratio of plant growth medium and fertilizer is 3:1, described plant growth medium by peat, coconut palm bran, perlite,
Fish pond mud, dry branches and fallen leaves are formed, and wherein peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, the weight proportion of dry branches and fallen leaves are 4:3:1:
5:2;
S4, protection substrate is covered in implant, between protection substrate and the side slope having poured down or forth implant, there is hollow
Space;
S5, by protection substrate on hole space remaining in hollow space is tamped by implant again;Wherein, fill out described in
Filling thing to be made up of plant seed, plant growth medium, the mixture of fertilizer, plant growth medium is 3:1 with the ratio of fertilizer, institute
State plant growth medium to be made up of peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, dry branches and fallen leaves, wherein peat, coconut palm bran, perlite,
Fish pond mud, the weight proportion of dry branches and fallen leaves are 4:3:1:5:2;
S6, by non-textile mulch protection substrate on;
S7, the protection substrate using fixing nail to will be covered with non-woven fabrics are fixed in side slope;
S8, repetition step S3 to S7, re-lay and more protect substrate, and so, multiple protection substrates are adjacent to be laid, and covers
Whole side slope.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
In soil matrix surface covered protection substrate, then with non-woven fabrics and fixing nail, protection substrate is fixed in side slope,
Can effectively prevent soil erosion and atmospheric disintegration of rocks, the corrosion of side slope, the hollow space between protection substrate and side slope is permissible
The effective nutrient stored needed for plant growing, plant seed roots in soil matrix, by the hole on protection substrate
Growth is stretched, and when root system of plant is flourishing, can play when fixing the sand ridging effect, the degradable protection base of Plant fiber's compacting
Plate, non-woven fabrics can rot to degrade as time goes by, it is also possible to supplement the fertilizer needed for plant growing.
Using technical scheme, early stage, protection substrate and the plant grown combine, it is possible to prevent the water of side slope
Soil runs off and atmospheric disintegration of rocks, corrosion, the later stage, and protection substrate, non-woven fabrics rot to degrade, and supplement the fertilizer needed for plant growing,
Make plant growing more luxuriant, play the effect prevented erosion equally, and, the slope protecting device structure letter of the present invention
List, low cost, safety and environmental protection, the means of defence of the present invention easily implements, and protection effect is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the slope protecting device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side view of the protection substrate of the slope protecting device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the partial schematic diagram of the slope protecting device of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals
1 protection substrate
2 non-woven fabrics
3 holes
4 fixing nails
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the slope protecting device and the means of defence that provide the present invention are described in detail.
Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, for the present invention slope protecting device schematic perspective view, protection substrate side view with
Partial schematic diagram, the preventer of the present invention is laid in exposed side slope, and it includes protecting substrate 1, non-woven fabrics 2 and fixing nail
4, described protection substrate 1 is bent to form arc convex upwards;Protection substrate 1 is provided with multiple hole 3, and described hole 3 is arranged in
Lower two rows, set, a row 3 relatively, and hole 3 is respectively 1 meter, between adjacent two holes 3 with the distance of the dual-side of protection substrate 1
Distance be 2 meters, the area in hole 3 with protection substrate 1 gross area ratio be 1:4~6;Non-woven fabrics 2 covers at protection substrate 1
Surface, the protection substrate 1 that fixing nail 4 will be covered with non-woven fabrics 2 is fixed in side slope;The shape of described fixing nail 4 is triangular pyramid
Shape, it is ensured that protection substrate 1 is firmly fixed in side slope.
There is hollow space in the one side that protection substrate 1 contacts with side slope, the maximum vertical height of hollow space is 30cm-
40cm, hollow space is tamped by implant, and described implant is made up of plant seed, plant growth medium, the mixture of fertilizer,
Plant growth medium is 3:1 with the ratio of fertilizer, and described plant growth medium is by peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, deadwood
Fallen leaves are formed, and wherein peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, the weight proportion of dry branches and fallen leaves are 4:3:1:5:2, multiple protection
Substrate 1 is adjacent to be laid, and connects and covers whole side slope in flakes.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, it is respectively provided with chimb above and below protection substrate 1, it is simple to fixing nail, will through chimb
Protection substrate is fixed in side slope;It addition, as in figure 2 it is shown, protection substrate 1 can not also specially arrange chimb, fixing nail through
The edge of protection substrate.
In the R&D process of the plant growth medium of the present invention, the ratio of each composition is adjusted, representational
Ratio is as follows:
Peat |
2 |
2.5 |
3 |
3 |
3.5 |
4 |
4 |
5 |
5.5 |
6 |
7 |
Coconut palm bran |
1 |
2 |
0.5 |
5 |
2.5 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
4.5 |
1.5 |
6 |
Perlite |
2 |
0.5 |
0.8 |
1.2 |
0.9 |
1 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
0.7 |
1.6 |
0.4 |
Fish pond mud |
3 |
5 |
2 |
1 |
9 |
5 |
3 |
4 |
10 |
3 |
2 |
Dry branches and fallen leaves |
0.5 |
2 |
4 |
1.5 |
5 |
2 |
2.5 |
4 |
3 |
4.5 |
5 |
Through contrast experiment many times, repeatedly verify, when finding each composition of elected following ratio:
Peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, the weight proportion of dry branches and fallen leaves are 4:3:1:5:2,
The plant growth medium of the present invention can reach Expected Results, stays relatively constant between protection substrate and side slope
Hollow space in, not easily run off, there is certain intensity, protection substrate is played certain supporting role, promotes plant species
Sub-fast germination, accelerates plant growing.
Described protection substrate is formed by degradable plant fiber compacting, a length of 9m of described protection substrate, a width of 6m;Institute
The material stating non-woven fabrics is degradable plant fiber, and described non-woven fabrics is long 9m, the rectangle of wide 7m.
The area in hole 3 is 1:4~6 with the ratio of protection substrate 1 gross area, both can ensure that early stage had enough plants from hole
Growing in 3, plant combines with protection substrate 1, provides protection to side slope, after can guarantee that again the later stage protection rotten degraded of substrate,
Supplement the fertilizer needed for plant growing, make plant growing more luxuriant.
The material of described fixing nail is rustless steel, and the length of fixing nail is minimum for 25cm, to guarantee to enter the enough degree of depth of side slope,
Will protection substrate fixation.
A diameter of 1m in described hole, it is also possible between 0.8-1.2m.
Described protection substrate can laterally be laid, it is also possible to longitudinally lays.Described fixing nail is fixed on the two of protection substrate
On the long limit of bar.
The present invention additionally provides the means of defence of a kind of side slope, it comprises the following steps:
Embodiment one: side slope is soil layer
S1, the cleaning in side slope face: side slope surface irregularity, backlash, by machine tool and/or spade first by limit
Slope is evened out or is filled and led up, described in even out or fill and lead up not absolute, substantially flat, the gradient of side slope being arranged is 1:2;
S2, spray a small amount of water in the side slope surface cleared up so that side slope plane is in dampness, it is easy to pours down or forth and fills out
Fill thing;
S3, implant is poured down or forth in side slope;Wherein, described implant is by plant seed, plant growth medium, fertilizer
Mixture forms, and the ratio of plant growth medium and fertilizer is 3:1, described plant growth medium by peat, coconut palm bran, perlite,
Fish pond mud, dry branches and fallen leaves are formed, and wherein peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, the weight proportion of dry branches and fallen leaves are 4:3:1:
5:2;
S4, protection substrate 1 is covered in implant, in existing between protection substrate 1 and the side slope having poured down or forth implant
Absolutely empty;
S5, by protection substrate 1 on multiple holes 3 by hollow space remain space tamp by implant again, prevent rain
Washing away of water and cause implant to run off, it is easy to the growth of plant;Wherein, described implant is by plant seed, plant growth substrate
Matter, the mixture composition of fertilizer, plant growth medium is 3:1 with the ratio of fertilizer, and described plant growth medium is by peat, coconut palm
Bran, perlite, fish pond mud, dry branches and fallen leaves are formed, and wherein peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, the weight of dry branches and fallen leaves are joined
Ratio is 4:3:1:5:2;
S6, non-woven fabrics 2 is covered protection substrate 1 on, the gross area of non-woven fabrics 2 more than protection substrate 1 the gross area, borrow
This, non-woven fabrics 2 can be completely covered protection substrate 1;
S7, the protection substrates 1 using fixing nail 4 to will be covered with non-woven fabrics 2 are fixed in side slope, the material of described fixing nail 4
For rustless steel, in triangular pyramid;
S8, repetition step S3 to S7, re-lay more protection substrate 1, and so, multiple protection substrates 1 are adjacent to be laid, and covers
Cover whole side slope.
Described protection substrate 1 is made by degradable plant fiber with non-woven fabrics 2, in the present embodiment, and described protection
Substrate is laterally to lay;Plant seed roots in soil matrix, and plant is stretched by hole 3 growth on protection substrate 1,
When the well developed root system of plant, when can play the effect fixing the sand to earth up, the degradable protection substrate of Plant fiber's compacting
1, non-woven fabrics 2 can rot to degrade as time goes by, supplemented with the fertilizer needed for plant growing after degraded of rotting.
Embodiment two: side slope is lithosphere
S1, the cleaning in side slope face: side slope surface irregularity, backlash, first that rock slope is quick-fried by blasting-tool
Being broken into type domatic, the gradient of side slope being arranged is 1:2.5, then, cleaning slabstone, rubble, dirty deposition soil and foreign material, brush clear slope
Face;
S2, spray a small amount of water in the side slope surface cleared up so that side slope plane is in dampness, it is easy to pours down or forth and fills out
Fill thing;
S3, implant is poured down or forth in side slope;Wherein, described implant is by plant seed, plant growth medium, fertilizer
Mixture forms, and the ratio of plant growth medium and fertilizer is 3:1, described plant growth medium by peat, coconut palm bran, perlite,
Fish pond mud, dry branches and fallen leaves are formed, and wherein peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, the weight proportion of dry branches and fallen leaves are 4:3:1:
5:2;
S4, protection substrate 1 is covered in implant, in existing between protection substrate 1 and the side slope having poured down or forth implant
Absolutely empty;
S5, by protection substrate 1 on multiple holes 3 by hollow space remain space tamp by implant again, prevent rain
Washing away of water and cause implant to run off, it is easy to the growth of plant;Wherein, described implant is by plant seed, plant growth substrate
Matter, the mixture composition of fertilizer, plant growth medium is 3:1 with the ratio of fertilizer, and described plant growth medium is by peat, coconut palm
Bran, perlite, fish pond mud, dry branches and fallen leaves are formed, and wherein peat, coconut palm bran, perlite, fish pond mud, the weight of dry branches and fallen leaves are joined
Ratio is 4:3:1:5:2;
S6, non-woven fabrics 2 is covered protection substrate 1 on, the gross area of non-woven fabrics 2 more than protection substrate 1 the gross area, borrow
This, non-woven fabrics 2 can be completely covered protection substrate 1;
S7, by boring machine, first in the side slope placing the protection substrate 1 being coated with non-woven fabrics 2, bore multiple hole, use
In penetrating of fixing nail 4, the diameter in the hole that described boring machine gets out is less than the fixing nail 4 circumscribed diameters of afterbody, then, with solid
Surely the protection substrate that nail 4 will be covered with non-woven fabrics 2 is fixed in side slope, and the material of described fixing nail 4 is rustless steel, in triangular pyramid
Shape;
S8, repetition step S3 to S7, re-lay more protection substrate 1, and so, multiple protection substrates 1 are adjacent to be laid, and covers
Cover whole side slope.
Described protection substrate 1 is made by degradable plant fiber with non-woven fabrics 2, in the present embodiment, and described protection
Substrate is laterally to lay;Plant seed roots in soil matrix, and plant is stretched by hole 3 growth on protection substrate 1,
When the well developed root system of plant, when can play the effect preventing atmospheric disintegration of rocks, corrosion, the degradable of Plant fiber's compacting
Protection substrate 1, non-woven fabrics 2 can as time goes by and rot degraded, rot degraded after supplemented with plant growing institute
The fertilizer needed.
Above-mentioned embodiment is the early stage to side slope nursing and the narration of work in mid-term, and root system of plant is flourishing by the time, can
Fixing the sand to earth up to play, when being possible to prevent the effect of atmospheric disintegration of rocks, corrosion, protection substrate all can be degraded into non-woven fabrics plants
Fertilizer needed for thing growth, but, during plant growing, water and nutrient substance are necessary, so in the dimension in later stage
Protect aspect, at set intervals it is necessary to plant is irrigated and applies fertilizer.
The slope protecting device of the present invention and means of defence are in soil matrix, lithosphere surface covered protection substrate, then use
Non-woven fabrics and fixing nail are reinforced in side slope, it is possible to effectively prevent soil erosion and atmospheric disintegration of rocks, the corrosion of side slope, and its knot
Structure is simple, low cost, safety and environmental protection, and afforestation effect is good.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is impossible to limit the scope that the present invention implements with this;Cause
This, all simple equivalence changes made according to claims of the present invention and description and modification, all should still fall within this
In bright protection domain.