CN204676571U - A kind of flexible protective slope structure of feldspathic sandstone natural slope - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible slope protection structure of the natural sandstone slope, which includes a micro-moisture system area, a single-layer flexible net area, a vegetation greening area and a consolidation material consolidation layer area. The flexible slope structure of the utility model is coordinated with the surrounding landscape environment, and has excellent mechanical properties, ultraviolet degradation resistance, wind erosion resistance, water erosion resistance and gravity erosion performance, freeze-thaw resistance, water retention, heat preservation, fertilizer retention and other comprehensive properties.

Description

A flexible slope protection structure for the natural slope of arsenic sandstone

technical field

The utility model relates to a slope protection structure of a natural slope, which is a flexible slope protection structure related to a natural slope of arsenic sandstone.

Background technique

In the border area of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Mongolia in the Yellow River Basin, there are loose rock formations commonly known as "sandstone" by the local people. Interbedded rocks and argillaceous sandstones. The formation is a continental clastic rock series, with thin overlying strata and low pressure, resulting in low diagenesis, poor cementation between sand grains, and low structural strength. It is as hard as stone without water, and soft as mud when it meets water.

At present, in order to solve the problem that the arsenic sandstone is as hard as a rock without water and as soft as mud when it meets water, domestic scholars have studied and proposed a variety of different control measures. It is difficult to fully implement the measures. Moreover, cement, stone, concrete and other hard materials are generally used as the main building materials in the slope protection project. In the design, the stability of the slope is first considered from the perspective of mechanics, and the ecological restoration is ignored, so that the ecological function of the natural slope Restoration is more difficult; at the same time, factors such as the coordination of the surrounding natural environment and phytoremediation are not considered in this kind of natural slope ecological restoration, which is not in harmony with the surrounding landscape, and is contrary to the current development trend of focusing on protecting the ecological environment. Therefore, on the premise of protecting and creating a good living environment and natural landscape for living things on the arsenic sandstone, while ensuring that the slope protection has a certain strength, safety and durability, taking into account the environmental effects of the project, in order to achieve a soil The new type of consolidation and growth-promoting flexible slope protection structure that imitates the natural state and is suitable for biological growth is a development trend.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a flexible slope protection structure of arsenic sandstone natural slope with strong safety, good ecological restoration and maintaining a harmonious natural ecological environment.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is a flexible slope protection structure for the natural slope of arsenic sandstone, including the micro-moisture system area, the single-layer flexible net area, the vegetation greening area and the consolidation material consolidation layer area, wherein , the micro-moisture system area is composed of micro-moisture pipes laid on the intercepting ditch in the slope top area, the water storage cellar and the medium gradient area; , the cellar wall, the steep slope area, and the medium slope area are respectively hung with nets; the vegetation greening area is composed of the slope top area within 10m from the slope surface, the medium slope area, the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope, and the foot of the slope area. Herbaceous plants with strong drought tolerance and strong adaptability and trees and/or shrubs with strong drought tolerance and strong viability; Within 0.5m of the top line of the ditch, within 0.5m of the bottom of the water storage cellar, the wall of the cellar, and the periphery of the water storage kiln mouth, the steep slope area, the medium slope area, and the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope are composed of sprayed consolidation materials.

Further, the slope top area of the intercepting ditch is set within 4 to 6 meters from the slope surface, the water storage cellar is arranged on the intercepting ditch, and the distance between two storage cellars is 8 to 12 m; the buried depth of the micro-moisture pipe is 5-10cm, the water pressure in the pipe is 2.4-2.6kPa, the micro-running pipe and the water storage cellar are connected by a flexible pipe, and a pressure reducing valve is set on the water supply pipe of the micro-running pipe, and each pressure reducing valve controls 3 to 4 The distance between adjacent micro-moisture pipes is 0.5-0.7m, the water supply control range is 0.3m up and down, and the tail ends of the micro-moisture pipes controlled by each pressure reducing valve are connected with quick connectors to form Parallel circuit.

Further, the intercepting ditch adopts a trapezoidal section, the slope ratio is 1:0.5, the width of the bottom of the ditch is 400 cm, and the width of the top of the ditch is 900 cm; The slope ratio is 1:0.2.

Further, the area of the single-layer flexible net is fixed by an anchor piece with a length of 50-60 cm from top to bottom, and at the same time, an overlap of 20-30 cm is required at the junction of two adjacent rolls of flexible net, and is fixed with an anchor piece, and the anchor piece is vertically and horizontally The spacing is controlled at 1.5-2.5m, and the vertical and horizontal spacing is controlled at 1m at the local area that needs to be densified.

Further, the vegetation greening area is to plant seabuckthorn and Chinese pine in the top area of the slope, to spread wheatgrass mongolica, icegrass clarkii, bison grass, and creeping bentgrass species. The medium slope area and the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope all use grass and shrubs. Combined with the three-dimensional configuration mode of planting, and sow the water-retaining agent, the shrubs are selected from seabuckthorn, and 2 seabuckthorns are planted at an interval of 0.8 meters in the middle of the micro-moisture tube. Agropyron chinensis, bison grass, and creeping bentgrass; plant poplar, Chinese pine, and caragana at the foot of the slope, and sow Agropyron mongolica and Agropyron krysleri with a total seeding rate of 20g/m ² .

Further, evenly spray 8% consolidation material W-OHC solution from top to bottom on the ditch bottom and side slope of the intercepting ditch in the slope top area to form a 4-5cm thick consolidation layer; Spray 8% consolidation material W-OHC solution on the surface within m to form a 5cm thick consolidation layer; spray 10% consolidation material W-OHC solution evenly from top to bottom on the bottom of the water storage cellar and cellar wall in the slope top area, Form a 4-5cm thick consolidation layer; spray 10% consolidation material W-OHC solution within 0.5m around the water storage kiln mouth to form a 5cm thick consolidation layer; spray 10% consolidation material W-OHC on the steep slope area Solution, the amount of spraying per square meter is controlled at 2.0-3.0L, to ensure that the penetration thickness is 2-3cm, and the medium-slope area of the slope angle is sprayed with a concentration of 6% consolidation material W-OHC solution to form a 2-3cm thick consolidation layer , Spray the consolidation material W-OHC solution with a concentration of 4% on the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope to form a consolidation layer with a thickness of 1-2 cm. Among them, W-OHC is an eco-friendly modified hydrophilic polyurethane resin composite curing material, which is light yellow or even brown oily liquid. It is easily dissolved or emulsified when exposed to water. A water-containing gel with good water retention and elasticity. The colloid has good adhesion with sand and soil, etc., and forms a consolidated layer with a porous structure. The consolidated layer has high mechanical properties such as elasticity, and has a good planting function, and it will not dissolve when it meets water. Composite ultraviolet degradation control agent W-US, mechanical performance enhancer EVA, PVA and other functional additive materials can improve the comprehensive performance of W-OH such as weather resistance and mechanical properties, and the results of toxicity tests and harmful substances inspection show that W-OH has no Toxic and harmless, with high safety, it is a new type of anti-corrosion and growth-promoting material with low cost, convenient construction and low environmental load.

The flexible slope protection structure of the natural slope of the arsenic sandstone of the utility model improves the soil structure of the slope surface, enhances the overall stability, reduces water and soil loss, has additional vegetation functions, and at the same time provides the necessary water for vegetation growth, which can be combined with the arsonite while fixing the arsenic sandstone. The combination of planting methods such as seed spraying method can promote vegetation recovery and effectively improve the effect of water and soil conservation. The flexible slope structure of the present invention is coordinated with the surrounding landscape environment, and has excellent mechanical properties, ultraviolet degradation resistance, wind erosion resistance, water erosion resistance and gravity erosion performance, freeze-thaw resistance, water retention, heat preservation, fertilizer retention and other comprehensive properties.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a large sample diagram of the section of the intercepting ditch.

Figure 2 is a large sample diagram of the plan and section of the water storage cellar.

Figure 3 is a large-scale drawing of the slope top construction.

Figure 4 is a large sample diagram of the slope protection structure in the steep slope area (completely consolidated area with slope angle ≥ 60°).

Figure 5 is a diagram of the working system of the micro-moisture tube.

Figure 6 is a large sample diagram of the structure of the medium slope area (the growth-promoting area with a slope angle of 30° to 60°).

Figure 7 is a large sample diagram of the slope protection structure in the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope (the growth-promoting area with a slope angle ≤ 30°).

Fig. 8 is the construction section form of natural slope flexible slope protection.

Figure 9 is a plan view of the natural slope treatment of Pisha sandstone.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment the utility model is further described.

Example 1: The realization of the flexible slope protection structure of the natural slope of Pisha Sandstone

(1) Slope top area

The terrain at the top of the slope is gentle, and an intercepting ditch is set within 4 to 6 meters from the slope to collect surrounding catchment water. The intercepting ditch adopts a trapezoidal section with a side-slope ratio of 1:0.5, a width of 400 cm at the bottom of the ditch, and a width of 900 cm at the top of the ditch; Its structure is shown in Figure 1. A water storage cellar is set every 10m on the intercepting ditch. The bottom diameter of the water storage cellar is 1000cm, the top diameter is 1400cm, the depth of the cellar is 1000cm, and the slope ratio is 1:0.2. It is used to store the collected rainwater and supply water to the micro-running pipe. Its structure is shown in Figure 2.

A single-layer flexible net is hung on the bottom and side slope of the intercepting ditch, the bottom plate and the wall of the water storage cellar. When the net is hung, the single-layer flexible net with a side length of 3 to 5 cm is first unrolled and spread on the slope. Then drive in U-shaped steel anchors with a length of 50-60cm from top to bottom. At the same time, the intersection of two adjacent rolls of flexible mesh requires a 20cm overlap and is fixed with anchors. The vertical and horizontal spacing is controlled at 1m.

After the construction of the intercepting ditches and water storage cellars is completed, greening will be carried out at the slope top area within 10m from the slope surface, planting large plants such as seabuckthorn and Chinese pine that are resistant to drought, spreading Mongolian ice grass, ice grass, bison grass, Creeping bentgrass species, on the one hand, can enhance the ability of the soil at the top of the slope to conserve water, and on the other hand, it can filter rainwater, reducing ground soil from rushing into intercepting ditches and storage cellars to cause siltation.

Spray 8% consolidation material W-OHC solution evenly from top to bottom on the bottom and side slope of the intercepting ditch to form a 4-5cm thick consolidation layer; spray 8% on the surface within 0.5m outside the upper line of the intercepting ditch % consolidation material W-OHC solution to form a 5cm thick consolidation layer; evenly spray 10% consolidation material W-OHC solution from top to bottom on the bottom of the water storage cellar and cellar wall to form a 4-5cm thick consolidation layer; Spray 10% consolidation material W-OHC solution within 0.5m around the water kiln mouth to form a 5cm thick consolidation layer, thus forming the structure of the slope top area, as shown in Figure 3.

In the rainy season, by collecting rainwater as the water supply source of the water storage cellar, when the rainwater is insufficient, and in the early stage of plant recovery, artificial water can be used as the water supply source of the water storage cellar.

(2) Steep slope area (fully consolidated area with slope angle ≥ 60°)

The slope in the steep slope area is generally stable, and the protruding boulders, local unstable soil layer or inverted sandstone should be removed locally.

Hang the net after finishing the slope surface, spread the single-layer flexible net on the slope with a mesh side length of 3-5cm, and then insert U-shaped steel anchors with a length of 50-60cm from top to bottom, and at the same time, two adjacent rolls of flexible net are handed over The overlap of 20cm is required, and anchors are used to fix it. The vertical and horizontal spacing of the anchors is controlled at 2m, and the vertical and horizontal spacing is controlled at 1m at the part that needs to be densified.

Spray the consolidation material solution on the steep slope area to solidify the surface sandstone to form a solidified layer of composite material on the slope surface. The main function is to reduce the erosion of rainwater on the sandstone, form a protective layer, and reduce soil erosion. Considering that the concentration change of the consolidation material in the solution directly affects the consolidation effect, a 10% W-OHC solution is used for spraying in this area to realize the mechanized operation of the slope. Specific spraying method: use water as the curing agent, dissolve the colorless to pale yellow hydrophilic consolidation material liquid in water to the design concentration, after fully stirring, use the developed two-liquid spraying system to spray evenly, per square meter The amount of spraying is controlled at about 2.0-3.0L to ensure that the penetration thickness is 2-3cm to ensure the consolidation effect. The large sample of the ecological slope protection structure in this area is shown in Figure 4.

(3) Moderate slope area (growth-promoting area with a slope angle of 30°-60°, slightly moist)

The annual precipitation in the Pishayan area is not large, and the rainwater on the slope is easy to erode the Pishastone, resulting in serious water and soil loss, which cannot fully penetrate into the Pishasha, and after spraying the consolidation material on the Pisha, it will A certain thickness of consolidation layer is formed on the surface, which can greatly reduce the infiltration of water while reducing the loss of arsenic sandstone. Therefore, in order to improve the survival rate of plants in the growth-promoting area, micro-moisture irrigation measures are adopted, and micro-moisture pipes are laid in loose areas with severe weathering. The depth is 5-10cm, and the water pressure inside the pipe is about 2.5kPa. The micro-run pipe and the water storage cellar are connected with a flexible pipe. A pressure reducing valve is set on the water supply pipe of the micro-moisture tube. Each pressure-reducing valve controls 3 to 4 micro-moisture tubes. The distance between adjacent micro-moisture tubes is 0.6m, and the water supply control range is 0.3m up and down. The end of the micro-moisture pipe controlled by the pressure reducing valve is connected with a quick connector to form a parallel circuit to prevent the entire micro-moisture pipe from being unusable due to damage to the joint. The laying form of the micro-moisture pipe is shown in Figure 5.

In the growth-promoting area, the three-dimensional configuration mode of combining grass and shrubs is adopted, and the water-retaining agent is sown. The shrubs are seabuckthorns with drought tolerance and strong survival ability, and 2 seabuckthorns are planted every 0.8 meters in the middle of the micro-running tube. , the embedding depth of seabuckthorn is 15-20cm, and four kinds of grasses are selected, namely wheatgrass mongolica, wheatgrass clarkii, bison grass and creeping bentgrass, and the total seeding rate is 20g/m ² .

Consolidation material W-OHC solution with a concentration of 6% was sprayed to form a consolidation layer with a thickness of 2-3 cm. The large-scale structure of the medium-slope growth-promoting zone is shown in Figure 6.

(4) Gentle slope area at the foot of the slope (growth-promoting area with slope angle ≤ 30°, no micro-moisture)

Spray the consolidation material W-OHC solution with a concentration of 4% to form a consolidation layer with a thickness of 1-2 cm.

Considering the feasibility of construction and digging pits on the slope, a three-dimensional configuration mode of combining grass and shrubs is adopted in the growth-promoting area, and water-retaining agents are sown. Plant 2 seabuckthorns every 0.8 meters in the middle of the seabuckthorn, and the seabuckthorn burial depth is about 15-20cm. According to the local climate characteristics, some local plants with strong growth, drought tolerance and strong adaptability were selected for planting. After comprehensive consideration, four species of wheatgrass mongolica, wheatgrass clarkii, bison grass and creeping bentgrass were selected in the growth-promoting area. The total seeding rate is about 20g/m ² , and the simple matching is carried out according to its growth characteristics. At the same time, in order to improve the seeding effect, accelerate germination, and improve the survival rate, light seeds are Soaking was done. After the grass seeds were sown, the surface was covered with arsenic sandstone, and part of the water was sprinkled at the same time to ensure the rooting and germination of the seeds. The large scale diagram of the slope protection structure in the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope is shown in Figure 7, the construction section effect of the flexible slope protection is shown in Figure 8, and the slope treatment plan is shown in Figure 9.

(5) Slope foot area

Poplar, Pinus tabulaeformis and Caragana are planted in the slope foot area, and wheatgrass mongolica and wheatgrass are sowed, with a total seeding rate of 20g/m ² .

Claims (6)

1. A flexible slope protection structure of the natural slope of arsenic sandstone, characterized in that it includes a micro-moisture system area, a single-layer flexible net area, a vegetation greening area and a consolidation material consolidation layer area, wherein the micro-moisture system area It is composed of micro-moisture pipes laid on the intercepting ditch in the slope top area, the water storage cellar and the medium slope area; the single-layer flexible net area is composed of the bottom of the intercepting ditch, the wall of the ditch, the bottom of the storage cellar, the wall of the cellar, and the steep slope area. The medium slope area is formed by hanging nets respectively; the vegetation greening area is composed of the top area within 10m from the slope surface, the medium slope area, the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope, and the foot area of the slope is respectively spread with well-developed root system, strong growth, drought tolerance, and adaptability. strong herbaceous plants and trees and/or shrubs planted with drought tolerance and strong viability; the consolidation layer area of the consolidation material consists of the ditch bottom, ditch wall and 0.5 Within the scope of m, the bottom of the water storage cellar, the wall of the cellar and the periphery of the water storage kiln mouth within 0.5m, the steep slope area, the medium slope area, and the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope are composed of sprayed consolidation materials. 2. The flexible slope protection structure of the arsenic sandstone natural slope according to claim 1, wherein the cut-off ditch is set within 4 to 6 meters from the top of the slope, and the water storage cellar is arranged in the cut-off ditch Above, two water storage cellars are separated by 8-12m; the micro-moisture pipes are buried at a depth of 5-10cm, the water pressure inside the pipes is 2.4-2.6kPa, and the micro-moisture pipes and water storage cellars are connected by flexible pipes. A pressure reducing valve is set on the water supply pipe of the micro-moisture tube, and each pressure-reducing valve controls 3 to 4 micro-moisture tubes, the distance between adjacent micro-moisture tubes is between 0.5 and 0.7m, and the water supply control range is 0.3 meters up and down. m, the end of the micro-lubrication tube controlled by each pressure reducing valve is connected with a quick connector to form a parallel circuit. 3. The flexible slope protection structure of the arsenic sandstone natural slope according to claim 2, wherein the intercepting ditch adopts a trapezoidal section, the slope ratio is 1:0.5, the bottom of the ditch is 400 cm wide, and the top of the ditch is 900 cm wide; The bottom diameter of the water storage cellar is 1000cm, the top diameter is 1400cm, the cellar depth is 1000cm, and the slope ratio is 1:0.2. 4. The flexible slope protection structure of the arsenic sandstone natural slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, the single-layer flexible mesh area is fixed by anchors with a length of 3-5 cm from top to bottom, and two adjacent rolls of flexible mesh are simultaneously fixed. The overlap of 20-30cm is required at the junction, and anchors are used to fix it. The vertical and horizontal spacing of the anchors is controlled at 1.5-2.5m, and the vertical and horizontal spacing of the local areas that need to be densified is controlled at 1m. 5. the flexible slope protection structure of the arsenic sandstone natural slope according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described vegetation afforestation area is planting Hippophae rhamnoides and Pinus tabulaeformis in the slope top area, sows Mongolia wheatgrass, icegrass clarkii, bison grass , creeping bentgrass species, the medium slope area, and the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope all adopt the three-dimensional configuration mode of combining grass and shrubs, and sow water-retaining agents. 2 seabuckthorns are planted on rice, and the embedding depth of seabuckthorn is 15-20cm, and four kinds of grasses, such as Mongolian icegrass, Kryptonia krysleri, bison grass, and creeping bentgrass, are planted; poplar, Chinese pine, caragana, For shrubs, sow Agropyron mongolica and Agropyron krysleri with a total seeding rate of 20g/m ² . 6. the flexible slope protection structure of the arsenic sandstone natural slope according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at the bottom of the ditch of the intercepting ditch at the top of the slope and the slope, evenly spray 8% consolidation material W from top to bottom OHC solution to form a 4-5cm thick consolidation layer; spray 8% consolidation material W-OHC solution on the surface within 0.5m outside the upper line of the intercepting ditch to form a 5cm thick consolidation layer; water storage in the slope top area Spray 10% consolidation material W-OHC solution evenly from top to bottom on the bottom of the pit and cellar wall to form a 4-5cm thick consolidation layer; spray 10% consolidation material W-OHC solution within 0.5m around the water storage kiln mouth, Form a 5cm-thick consolidation layer; spray the consolidation material W-OHC solution with a concentration of 10% on the steep slope area, control the spraying amount per square meter at 2.0-3.0L, and ensure that the penetration thickness is 2-3cm, and spray on the medium-slope area of the slope angle Consolidation material W-OHC solution with a concentration of 6% forms a 2-3cm thick consolidation layer, and sprays a concentration of 4% consolidation material W-OHC solution on the gentle slope at the foot of the slope to form a 1-2cm thick consolidation layer.