CN106034608A - Cultivating method for improving yield of jujube tree - Google Patents
Cultivating method for improving yield of jujube tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN106034608A CN106034608A CN201610367715.XA CN201610367715A CN106034608A CN 106034608 A CN106034608 A CN 106034608A CN 201610367715 A CN201610367715 A CN 201610367715A CN 106034608 A CN106034608 A CN 106034608A
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- fructus jujubae
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- sapling
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- inoculation method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving yield of a jujube tree. Particularly, ridging is performed after a jujube sapling is planted so that the soil surface of the sapling is higher than an original ground by 15-30 cm. After herbicide is sprayed, a ground film is paved on each of two sides of a sapling ridge. The jujube sapling is fixed at the central part of two ground films. After a pesticide is sprayed on the planted sapling, bagging is performed. The upper opening and the lower opening are tied. The upper tied opening is separated from the top end of the sapling by 5-8 cm. The lower sealed opening is arranged at the root part of the sapling. Debudding, ventilation and untying are performed. On the condition that a bud has grown to a length of 18-22 cm in the bag, debagging, additional fertilizer application and insect controlling are performed. Girdling is performed at the early period in blooming of the jujube tree. Through integrated detail processing on the steps of ridging, film covering, bagging, debudding, ventilation, untying, debagging, additional fertilizer application, insect controlling and girding, the cultivating method has advantages of improving survival rate of planting, increasing yield of the jujube tree in the current year, effectively improving fruit setting, preventing fruit falling, promoting fruit swelling and improving yield of the jujube.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of plant, be specifically related to a kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield.
Background technology
Fructus Jujubae is high-quality late-maturing Zizyphus jujuba Mill kind, and fruit exactly likes griggles, and the thin meat of skin is crisp, the dense sweet micro-acid of taste, nutrition
Abundant, especially rich in vitamin C, every 100g sarcocarp 381mg Han vitamin C, have " work vitamin pill " and " king of BAIGUO " it
Claim;Fructus Jujubae, also rich in cyclic adenosine monophosphate, has the highest health value, therefore enjoys people to like.From the 90's of last century
End, Fructus Jujubae in China shaping and development upsurge, but, the peasant in China's new development Fructus Jujubae producing region grasps Fructus Jujubae cultivation technique knowledge
The fewest, cultivation technique is the deficientest, causes Fructus Jujubae seedling to there is survival rate in cultivation relatively low, and plant strain growth is the most healthy and the strongest, causes
Exist in production serious yield poorly, the problem such as poor quality, not even result.
It is remote that further, since Fructus Jujubae tree has, flower amount is big, Fructus Jujubae head is many, polarity strong, it is prosperous to nourish and grow, Fructus Jujubae fruit happiness photosensitiveness is strong etc.
Exceed well over the feature of other Fructus Jujubae veriety, thereby result in bear fruit difficulty, fruit retention of Zhanhua winter jujube difficult.Therefore, research is more reasonable
The cultivation technique of Fructus Jujubae tree become the task of top priority ensureing that China Fructus Jujubae industry develops in a healthy way.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above the problems of the prior art, a kind of training improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield of proposition of the invention
Planting method, this method for planting not only improves raising planting survival rate, can increase again Fructus Jujubae tree increment then, be effectively improved
Bear fruit, prevent shedding, promote swollen fruit, improve the yield of Fructus Jujubae.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield, it is as follows that its feature is to cultivate step:
(1) ridging: Fructus Jujubae seedling plant after ridging, Fructus Jujubae seedling Seedling belt distance of planting more than 1.5 meters, makes nursery stock band soil surface
Higher than original ground 15-30cm, forming a furrow between nursery stock band, Fructus Jujubae seedling was loosened the soil every 5-7 days after planting, removes weeds,
Interrow crop selects short bar, the beans of more resistance to shade, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, the reasonable catch cropping of melon product vegetable.
(2) overlay film: after spray herbicide, on nursery stock band ridge, both sides respectively spread a mulch film, and jujube tree is clipped in two mulch films
Central authorities;
(3) bagging: carry out the nursery stock planted spraying and carry out bagging after parasite killing, upper and lower tying, upper tying from Seedling top 5-8cm,
Lower tying, at nursery stock rhizome position, presses close to mulch film, is selected in the most ventilative at Dai Shang lee side clip;
(4) bud picking: erase in bag the bud sent out below at grafting and on stock;
(5) ventilative: when bud grows to recline bagging, in Dai Shang lee side, clip is ventilative.
(6) solving bundle: carried out solving after ventilative 4-5 days and prick, solve to prick and first untie a bundle system mouth, the other end is puzzled, makes bud exist
Bending growth is continued in bag.
(7) de-bag: when bud grows to 18-22cm in bag, carries out de-bag, and de-bag time south is in late May, and the north exists
Early June, it is ensured that in bag, temperature is less than 40 DEG C..
(8) topdress: when newborn Fructus Jujubae head grows to 28-32cm, once topdress.
(9) insect protected: insecticide of each spray before and after de-bag of newly planting trees.
(10) band girdle: spend the initial stage to carry out band girdle in Fructus Jujubae tree Sheng, bottom overhead stays at 20~30cm an auxiliary support branch for son
Hat, starts upwards from overhead 20, selects smooth place to take Lao Pi off on trunk or major branch, then with Girding cutter by the width determined
Degree ring cutting two weeks, first cuts upper slitter, then cuts cutter by width, and, lower cutter declivity, as deep as xylem, with little hook by ring cutting on upper slitter tiltedly
Phloem tissue between line peels off, and can use 48% chlopyrifos or 100 times of liquid of 20% Rynaxypyr to smear after band girdle at band girdle
Wound
Using the insecticide of preventing and treating Fructus Jujubae cecidomyiia harm in above step (9), specially 30% orthene 600 times liquid and 25% goes out
Children's No. 3 1000 times of liquid of urea.
Can increase the gas permeability of soil after the invention have the benefit that ridging, adapt to jujube tree based on horizontal branch, breathing
Vigorous feature, beneficially jujube tree survive and later growing way;Being easy to fertilising, beneficially root system is to upper soll layer sun clay fertilizer power
Absorb;Prevent the area that the long-term hydrops of tree dish, particularly clayed ground Fructus Jujubae garden and rainfall are big, after ridging, easily facilitate overlay film.
Overlay film can keep soil moisture (i.e. soil moisture conservation), the beneficially decomposition of soil nutrient, suppresses weed growth, prevents disease pest
Evil.
Ridging combines overlay film, can improve ground temperature in early spring (can improve 3-5 DEG C), the beneficially new root of Fructus Jujubae Seedling and occur, improve into
Motility rate.Ridging combines with overlay film, it is to avoid individually ridging causes root system arid, and soil salinity and alkalinity also can be increased the weight of in salt-soda soil.Sandy soil
Di Zao garden because capability of anti-wind is poor, easily lodge, then unsuitable ridging.
Bagging can improve temperature and humidity, promotees bud and sprouts (with clear dry-mate connection, easily inspire out preferable major branch), reduces tree body
Air-dry and moisture transpiration and bring jujube tree to drain the phenomena of mortality, carry out with overlay film simultaneously, improve planting survival rate and increase then
Increment.
Bud picking can make jujube tree concentrate trunk infusion, makes bud stayed, and can obtain the nutrition of abundance, the most raw
Long growth.When bud grows to recline bagging, ventilative at Dai Shang lee side clip time at dusk, increase the air circulation in bag, it is ensured that
Growing up healthy and sound of sprout, at dusk clip, effectively reduce the Air Temperature Difference inside and outside bag, it is to avoid the temperature difference damage to bud.At ventilative 4-5
Carrying out after it solving and prick, it is to avoid the restriction to blastogenesis length of the space of bag, solve to prick and first untie a bundle system mouth, the other end is not understood,
Control rate of air circulation, the growth shape of sprout can be controlled again.When newborn Fructus Jujubae head grows to 28-32cm, once topdress,
Effectively supplement the newborn Fructus Jujubae head demand to nutrition, it is ensured that Fructus Jujubae head stalwartness is grown up.
Stay a band girdle, make tree body both ensure enough reproductive growths, can maintain again and nourish and grow normally, keep in tree vigo(u)r
Mediocre, reach the effect of high and stable yield high-quality.Owing to mother's hat has been carried out band girdle, stop and transport under nutrient, concentrate flowers and fruits supply, from
And improve reproductive growth level;And do not have the son hat of band girdled, the organic nutrition of manufacture can be maintained root to root supply
(owing to sub-hat is small-sized, so the nutrition of supply root is limited to, thus the vitality of root also has for basic vitality and absorption function
Limitation), thus decrease the generation of young fruit period physiological disease, improve fruit quality and set the trophic level of body, thus also
Lay the first stone for next year high yield.According to routine prune band girdle mode, trunk infusion growth can not be controlled effectively or
Tree vigo(u)r is the weakest causes dead tree.
It was verified that the band girdle in the application can preferably extend the healing stage after band girdle, (healing stage is by the routine in past
Within 30 days, can be extended down to 45~50 days), thus extend by nourishing and growing to reproductive growth transition phase, make aerial parts accumulate nutrient
Relatively increase, not only increase fruit-setting rate, also accelerate Fruit.
Detailed description of the invention
The following examples are that the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment: the cultivation of Fructus Jujubae tree.
Place: Xia Wa village, Zhanhua County, experimental field 30 mu, 3320, jujube tree, it is the pure Fructus Jujubae nursery stock of high-quality without disease pest.
(1) ridging: Fructus Jujubae seedling Seedling belt distance of planting more than 1.5 meters, ridging after planting, make nursery stock band soil surface be higher than
Original ground 20cm, forms a furrow between nursery stock band;Fructus Jujubae seedling plant after through often loosening the soil, remove weeds, interrow crop select
Short bar, the beans of more resistance to shade, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, the reasonable catch cropping of melon product vegetable.
(2) overlay film: after spray herbicide, on nursery stock band ridge, both sides respectively spread a mulch film, and jujube tree is clipped in two mulch films
Central authorities;
(3) bagging: carry out the nursery stock planted spraying and carry out bagging after parasite killing, upper and lower tying, upper tying from Seedling top 5-8cm,
Lower tying, at nursery stock rhizome position, presses close to mulch film, is selected in the most ventilative at Dai Shang lee side clip;
(4) bud picking: erase in bag the bud sent out below at grafting and on stock;
(5) ventilative: when bud grows to recline bagging, in Dai Shang lee side, clip is ventilative.
(6) solve bundle: carried out solving after ventilative 4-5 days and prick, solve to prick and first untie a bundle system mouth, make bud continue to bend in bag
Growth.
(7) de-bag: early June, when bud grows to about 20cm in bag, carries out de-bag, it is ensured that in bag, temperature is less than 40
℃。
(8) topdress: when newborn Fructus Jujubae head grows to about 30cm, once topdressing, topdressing with fertilizer is carbamide.
(9) insect protected: insecticide of each spray of newly planting trees before and after de-bag, specially 30% orthene 600 times liquid and
25% 1000 times of liquid of d ichlorbenzuron 3.
(10) band girdle: spend the initial stage to carry out band girdle in Fructus Jujubae tree Sheng, bottom overhead stays at 20~30cm an auxiliary support branch for son
Hat, starts upwards from overhead 20, selects smooth place to take Lao Pi off on trunk or major branch, then with Girding cutter by the width determined
Degree ring cutting two weeks, first cuts upper slitter, then cuts cutter by width, and, lower cutter declivity, as deep as xylem, with little hook by ring cutting on upper slitter tiltedly
Phloem tissue between line peels off, and smears wound with 100 times of liquid of 48% chlopyrifos after band girdle at band girdle.
Jujube tree survives 3304, survival rate 99.52%, and yield is compared the average each tree of jujube tree of other cultural methods and improved
20%-50%.
Claims (11)
1. the inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield, it is characterised in that cultivate step as follows:
(1) ridging: Fructus Jujubae seedling plant after ridging, make nursery stock band soil surface higher than original ground 15-30cm, shape between nursery stock band
Become a furrow;
(2) overlay film: after spray herbicide, on nursery stock band ridge, both sides respectively spread a mulch film, and jujube tree is clipped in the central authorities of two mulch films;
(3) bagging: carry out the nursery stock planted spraying and carry out bagging after parasite killing, upper and lower tying, upper tying from Seedling top 5-8cm,
Lower tying is at nursery stock rhizome position;
(4) bud picking: erase the bud sent out below graft strip and on stock in bag;
(5) ventilative: when bud grows to recline bagging, in Dai Shang lee side, clip is ventilative;
(6) solve bundle: carried out solving after ventilative 4-5 days and prick, make bud continue bending growth in bag;
(7) de-bag: when bud grows to 18-22cm in bag, carries out de-bag;
(8) topdress: when newborn Fructus Jujubae head grows to 28-32cm, once topdress;
(9) insect protected: insecticide of each spray before and after de-bag of newly planting trees;
(10) band girdle: spend the initial stage to carry out band girdle in Fructus Jujubae tree Sheng, starts upwards from overhead 20, selects on trunk or major branch
Smooth place takes Lao Pi off, then with Girding cutter by the width ring cutting determined two weeks, as deep as xylem, with little hook by between ring cutting line
Phloem tissue peels off.
A kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: after Fructus Jujubae seedling is planted
Being spaced and within 5-7 days, loosen the soil, remove weeds, interrow crop selects short bar, the beans of more resistance to shade, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, the reasonable catch cropping of melon product vegetable.
A kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: will be in step (5)
The most ventilative at Dai Shang lee side clip.
4. a kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (6) solves
Pricking and first untie a bundle system mouth, the other end is not understood.
5. a kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (7)
De-bag time south is in late May, and the north is in early June, it is ensured that in bag, temperature is less than 40 DEG C.
6. a kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (8)
Topdressing with fertilizer is carbamide.
7. a kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (9)
Use the insecticide of preventing and treating Fructus Jujubae cecidomyiia harm.
8. a kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: parasite killing used
Agent is 600 times of liquid of 30% orthene and No. 3 1000 times of liquid of 25% d ichlorbenzuron.
9. a kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Fructus Jujubae
Seedling is planted Seedling belt distance 1.5-3 rice.
10. a kind of inoculation method improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (10)
When skin cut by middle cutter, first cut upper slitter, then cut cutter by width, on upper slitter tiltedly, lower cutter declivity.
11. 1 kinds of a kind of inoculation methods improving Fructus Jujubae tree yield as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: ring after band girdle
Wound is smeared with 48% chlopyrifos or 100 times of liquid of 20% Rynaxypyr at stripping.
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106804372A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-09 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of winter jujube field management new method |
CN107047315A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-18 | 滨州市沾化区冬枣实业总公司 | It is a kind of that the method that chimera obtains pure tetraploid winter jujube plant is purified by limb section callus adventitious shoot regeneration |
CN107047314A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-18 | 滨州市沾化区冬枣实业总公司 | A kind of method that pure tetraploid winter jujube plant is obtained by blade callus induction and adventitious bud |
CN107371991A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-24 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of blue or green jujube band girdle stays dry finishing shear method |
CN108605544A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-10-02 | 丹阳市香逸林果专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of winter jujube |
CN110178563A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-08-30 | 四川七彩林科股份有限公司 | Acer palmatum cut-grafting cultural method |
CN111657046A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-09-15 | 陕西匠众硕华农业科技发展有限公司 | Cultivation method for delaying fruit setting of jujube trees |
-
2016
- 2016-05-30 CN CN201610367715.XA patent/CN106034608A/en active Pending
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108605544A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-10-02 | 丹阳市香逸林果专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of winter jujube |
CN106804372A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-09 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of winter jujube field management new method |
CN107047315A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-18 | 滨州市沾化区冬枣实业总公司 | It is a kind of that the method that chimera obtains pure tetraploid winter jujube plant is purified by limb section callus adventitious shoot regeneration |
CN107047314A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-18 | 滨州市沾化区冬枣实业总公司 | A kind of method that pure tetraploid winter jujube plant is obtained by blade callus induction and adventitious bud |
CN107371991A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-24 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of blue or green jujube band girdle stays dry finishing shear method |
CN107371991B (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2020-02-07 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Green date girdling and remaining dry pruning method |
CN110178563A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-08-30 | 四川七彩林科股份有限公司 | Acer palmatum cut-grafting cultural method |
CN111657046A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-09-15 | 陕西匠众硕华农业科技发展有限公司 | Cultivation method for delaying fruit setting of jujube trees |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |