CN105994386B - A kind of mahonia bealei extract and preparation method thereof and the application in resisting tobacco black shank - Google Patents
A kind of mahonia bealei extract and preparation method thereof and the application in resisting tobacco black shank Download PDFInfo
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- CN105994386B CN105994386B CN201610383334.0A CN201610383334A CN105994386B CN 105994386 B CN105994386 B CN 105994386B CN 201610383334 A CN201610383334 A CN 201610383334A CN 105994386 B CN105994386 B CN 105994386B
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- extract
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- mahonia bealei
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
It is that extraction raw material is prepared after reduced pressure using ethanol solution as Extraction solvent through heating alcohol extracting, alcohol extract at least twice again that a kind of mahonia bealei extract, which is with mahonia bealei,；Prepare the specific steps are：First raw material and ethanol solution are added in extraction vessel；Heating device is opened to heat extraction vessel, it is filtered after the completion of primary extraction, the filter residue of gained is added in extraction vessel again, heating device is opened to heat extraction vessel, it is filtered after the completion of second extraction, merge an alcohol extract and secondary alcohol extract, is subsequently placed in concentrator and be concentrated under reduced pressure to give pasta mahonia bealei extract, save backup.The extract of the present invention has many advantages, such as high-efficiency low-toxicity, is easy degradation noresidue, is pollution-free, ecological, environmental protective, at low cost, can be used for prevention tobacco black shank.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant source preparation sterilization technology field more particularly to a kind of SHIDAGONGLAO extract and its preparation sides
Method and the application in resisting tobacco black shank.
Background technology
Tobacco black shank Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae (Vann Breda de Haan)
It is one of China's Main Tobacco Diseases, is 5%~12% in Chinese tobacco average attack rate, serious field incidence is up to
75%, or even cause to have no harvest, cause huge economic loss to tobacco leaf production.According to incompletely statistics, 1989-1991's
In tobacco leaf production, production caused by 5 kinds of tobacco mosaic virus disease, rust, balck shank, bacterial wilt and root knot nematode disease Major Diseases
Value loss is more than hundred million yuan of l5.In this 5 kinds of diseases, economic loss caused by tobacco black shank is up to 3.69 hundred million yuan, and balck shank is once
Generation will be spread rapidly, endangered cigarette strain health, or even vega is caused to have no harvest, seriously affected leaf tobacco production.
Nowadays, although chemical prevention is still main control measure, but quality of many chemical bactericides to tobacco leaf, life
State environment generates tremendous influence, has not adapted to the development of society.Using plant extracts as fungicide, have it is degradable,
The advantages of free from environmental pollution, noresidue, meanwhile, pathogen is not likely to produce drug resistance, has very strong control action to pathogen, because
This, tobacco black shank is prevented using plant extracts, to raising quality of tobacco, is ensured its safety and is kept ecological balance
It has a very important significance.However, preventing the report of the plant extracts of tobacco black shank involved in the prior art relatively
It is few, this morning develop it is a kind of efficiently, low toxicity, wide spectrum, be not easy to produce resistance and inexpensive plant extracts prevents the black shin of tobacco
Disease just becomes those skilled in the art's technical barrier urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of to mention in background above technology and defect, provide one
Kind high-efficiency low-toxicity is easy degradation noresidue, pollution-free, ecological, environmental protective, mahonia bealei extract at low cost, also accordingly carries
For it is a kind of it is simple for process, easy to operate, raw material sources are extensive, the preparation method of mahonia bealei extract at low cost and
Its application in resisting tobacco black shank.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention is a kind of mahonia bealei extract, it is described
It is extraction raw material that mahonia bealei extract, which is with mahonia bealei, using ethanol solution as Extraction solvent, through at least two
Secondary heating alcohol extracting, alcohol extract are prepared after reduced pressure again.
One big feature of above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention is：It has been put forward for the first time with medicinal plant mahonia bealei
(Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr) is used as extraction raw material, to prepare the medicament of resisting tobacco black shank.Mahonia bealei
Rhizome in containing a variety of alkaloids such as jamaicin, palmatine, jateorrhizine, magnoline, there is clearing heat and detoxicating, anti-inflammatory analgetic
The effect of, there is inhibiting effect to staphylococcus aureus, shigella dysenteriae, coliform, cures mainly the dysentery, gastroenteritis, infection of human body
Property the diseases such as hepatitis, bronchitis, but proposed mahonia bealei being applied to the anti-of tobacco black shank almost without people
It controls.We are applied in the prevention of tobacco black shank, this is our great discoveries after investigation and comparison repeatedly, existing
Have almost without mahonia bealei this raw material is related in the plant extract medicament of resisting tobacco black shank, we are by a large amount of
Experimental study finds that mahonia bealei extract has fabulous inhibiting effect to tobacco black shank.
The taxonomic features of above-mentioned medicinal plant mahonia bealei are Berberidaceae Chinese mahonia platymiscium, alias：Ten
Big contribution, yellow nandina, indian trumpetflower bark, Ilex pernyi, wintergreen barberry root, octagonal thorn, thorn Cortex Phellodendri；Leaf obovate is to ovum shape lanceolar, total shape
Inflorescence, flower yellow；Petal oblong；The month at florescence 7-9, the fruiting period 9-11 months.Mahonia bealei belongs to warm temperate zone plant, resistance
By force, biomass is big, can also carry out artificial cultivation production, and the raw material sources as botanical pesticide exploitation can be protected completely
Barrier, potentiality to be exploited is big, has good market prospects.
The technical concept total as one, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation sides of above-mentioned mahonia bealei extract
Method includes the following steps：
(1) mahonia bealei is weighed as raw material, and raw material and ethanol solution are added in extraction vessel；
(2) it opens heating device to heat extraction vessel, control heating temperature is no more than 100 DEG C, and extraction time is no less than
20min is filtered after the completion of primary extraction, obtains an alcohol extract and filter residue；
(3) filter residue of gained is added in extraction vessel again, opens heating device and extraction vessel is heated, control adds
Hot temperature is no more than 100 DEG C, and extraction time is no less than 20min, is filtered after the completion of second extraction, obtain secondary alcohol extract and
Filter residue；
(4) merge an alcohol extract and secondary alcohol extract, then as carrying out being concentrated under reduced pressure in concentrator
To pasta mahonia bealei extract, save backup.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that the percentage by volume of the ethanol solution is controlled in 70%-80%.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (1), the mass ratio of raw material and ethanol solution is controlled in 1/ (6-
10)。
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (2) and step (3), heating and temperature control when extraction is 90
DEG C -95 DEG C, extraction time controls in 25min-35min.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (3), the mass ratio of filter residue and ethanol solution when second extraction
Control is in 1/ (3-5).
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (4), the concentrator is Rotary Evaporators, is concentrated under reduced pressure
When rotating speed be 60-75r/min；Cryogenic temperature is -2 DEG C .-10 DEG C..
The technical concept total as one, the present invention also provides a kind of mahonia bealei extracts of aforementioned present invention to exist
Application in resisting tobacco black shank.
The present invention is after being made above-mentioned mahonia bealei extract, using Toxicity Determination (tablet bacteriostatic test
Method) and the method that is combined of the live body test of pesticide effectiveness (crop field pot experiment), the extract of the present invention is tested to tobacco black shank
Preventive and therapeutic effect.The Toxicity Determination result shows：In tablet bacteriostatic test, extract of the invention is to balck shank pathogen
Antibacterial circle diameter be averagely about 0.6cm, test result show the preparation of the extract to tobacco black shank pathogen have compared with
Strong inhibitory activity.And potting live test the result shows that：The mahonia bealei extract of the present invention is to the black shin of Potted tobacco
Disease shows preferable control effect, may be up to 80% or so to the control effect of tobacco black shank.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows：
1. the mahonia bealei extract that the present invention uses is plant source preparation, extract pair produced by the invention is utilized
Tobacco black shank has preferable in vitro and potting control effect, can be used for effective prevention of tobacco black shank.
2. the mahonia bealei extract of the present invention also has the advantages that be easy degradation, noresidue, popularization and application must
The application that other metal class chemical agents can so be reduced, reduces soil pesticide residues, environmentally safe, green, ecology, environmental protection.
3. the mahonia bealei extract extraction process flow of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, it is easy extraction production.
4. the mahonia bealei plant distributions of the present invention are wide, it is easy commerial growing production, raw material sources are wide, are produced into
This is low, is developed into resisting tobacco black shank bactericidal agent, can effectively improve the resource utilization of mahonia bealei, have
Preferable application prospect.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the comparison photo to black shank bacterium inhibition in the specific embodiment of the invention；Wherein：CK is sterile water
Control, ethyl alcohol CK be 5% ethanol solution, processing 12 refer to 5% ethanol solution dissolving mahonia bealei extract
Solvent.
Specific implementation mode
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is made below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment more complete
Face meticulously describes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter and the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art
It is identical.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, is not intended to the limitation present invention
Protection domain.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city
Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
Embodiment：
A kind of mahonia bealei extract of the present invention, which is to be with mahonia bealei
Extraction raw material is prepared into after reduced pressure using ethanol solution as Extraction solvent through heating alcohol extracting, alcohol extract at least twice again
It arrives.
The preparation method of mahonia bealei extract, specifically includes following steps in the present embodiment：
(1) mahonia bealei is crushed first, crosses 200 mesh sieve, weigh 100.00g mahonia bealeis as raw material,
It pours into an electric jacket round bottle, then 75% ethanol solution 1000ml is added in electric jacket round bottle；
(2) it opens heating device (electric jacket) to heat electric jacket round bottle, control heating temperature is 95 DEG C, extraction time
For 30min, is filtered after the completion of primary extraction, obtain an alcohol extract and filter residue；
(3) filter residue of gained is added to again in electric jacket round bottle, and pours into 75% alcohol 500ml, opened and add
Thermal heats electric jacket round bottle, and control heating temperature is 95 DEG C, extraction time 30min, and second extraction is completed laggard
Row filters, and obtains secondary alcohol extract and filter residue；
(4) merge an alcohol extract and secondary alcohol extract, be subsequently placed in concentrator Rotary Evaporators round bottle
In be concentrated under reduced pressure (not past total volume 1/3), rotary evaporation to paste (rotation parameter：60-75r/min；Cryogenic temperature：-
2.0 DEG C~10 DEG C), pasta mahonia bealei extract is obtained, is poured into bottle, record is carried out, posts label, is preserved
To spare in refrigerator.
Application Example 1：Tablet bacteriostatic test.
It is measured using mycelial growth rate method biometric techniques.
The mahonia bealei extract obtained in above-described embodiment is dissolved with 5% ethanol solution first, is configured to 500
Times strength solution is spare, cuts bacteria cake on the culture medium for covering with tobacco black shank pathogen with card punch, bacteria cake is put into and is carried
It takes in object solution and impregnates 5 minutes, be then transferred in sterile empty culture dish (diameter 90mn), be placed in 25 DEG C of insulating boxs and cultivate, 3 days
After 5 days, using 5% ethanol solution and sterile water as blank control, antibacterial circle diameter is measured with crossing method.Experiment knot
Fruit is as shown in Fig. 1 and the following table 1.
Table 1：Inhibition fruit of the shown mahonia bealei extract to balck shank pathogen.
| Chemicals treatment | Bacterium loop diameter/cm | Use multiple | The significance of difference 5% |
| SHIDAGONGLAO extract | 0.58 | 50 | a |
| 5% ethyl alcohol | 4.63 | 50 | b |
| Clear water compares | 5.23 | / | b |
The experimental results showed that, mahonia bealei extract is average to the antibacterial circle diameter of tobacco black shank pathogen above
Value is 0.58cm, and the bacterium loop diameter average value 4.63cm of 5% ethanol control, clear water compare bacterium loop diameter average value 5.23cm,
This shows that the mahonia bealei extract that above-mentioned preparation method obtains has apparent suppression to the growth of tobacco black shank pathogen
It makes and uses.
Application Example 2：Potting experiment made on the living.
1. balck shank pathogen is voluntarily cultivated preparation by us, mahonia bealei extract is using the above-mentioned implementation of the present invention
The extract that method described in example prepares, positive control medicament are Metalaxyl-M MnZn suspending agent (purchased in market), blank control
For clear water.
2. for the flue-cured tobacco cultivars that use of examination tobacco seedlings for K326, experiment basin is the plastic barrel of diameter 33cm, high 35cm, fill it is native,
The consistent tobacco seedlings of growing way are planted in basin, are for experiment.
3. inoculation and investigation method.Inoculation method is inoculated with for pouring root.The zoospore liquid method of inoculation is：It will be in culture medium
The mycelia of the tobacco black shank bacterium of 7d has been cultivated on tablet together with adding sterile water to smash to pieces after a large amount of sporangium of culture medium generation, has been made
100ml spore liquids are filled at every plant of cigarette of suspension containing zoospore, root mark soil is loosened before pouring root, causes root system microtrauma mouth.
It waters daily after inoculation 1 moisturizing.Cigarette strain after inoculation is placed in natural conditions and carries out Routine Management, and the 24th is small after pathogen inoculation
Shi Jinhang first time dispensers, application method are pouring root, every plant of filling 1000m1 sterile water of blank control, positive control filling 1000m1 first
White spirit MnZn, every plant of filling 1000m1 mahonia bealei extract solution of subjects, spraying medicine concentration is 500 times of liquid.One week with
After carry out second of dispenser.30d investigates the incidence of each processing after inoculation, calculates disease index and control effect.
4. severity Scaling
0 grade：Complete stool is disease-free.
1 grade：Stem's scab is wilting no more than the one third of stem girth or the following blade of one third.
3 grades：Stem's scab slightly withers around stem girth one third to half or one third to half blade
It withers or scab occurs in lower part minority blade.
5 grades：Stem's scab is more than the half of stem girth, but not entirely around stem girth or half to 2/3rds
Blade is wilting.
7 grades：Stem's scab is wilting with blade entirely around stem girth or 2/3rds.
9 grades：Diseased plant is substantially withered.
5. survey data and calculating
Drug effect computational methods are carried out with reference to following methods：
6. test result
It is found by pot experiment, after being inoculated with balck shank pathogen, each processing has certain morbidity, with clear water pair
It compares according to (not dispenser), incidence, disease index and the control effect of CK medicaments and mahonia bealei extract exist
Pole significant difference, specific data see the table below 2, this illustrates that mahonia bealei extract has extremely significant prevention to tobacco black shank
Effect.
Table 2：The control effect (%) of mahonia bealei extract for preventing and treating balck shank
Claims (1)
1. a kind of application of mahonia bealei extract in resisting tobacco black shank, which is characterized in that ten big work(of the broad-leaved
Labor extract be with mahonia bealei be extraction raw material, using ethanol solution as Extraction solvent, through heat at least twice alcohol extracting,
Alcohol extract is prepared after reduced pressure again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610383334.0A CN105994386B (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2016-06-02 | A kind of mahonia bealei extract and preparation method thereof and the application in resisting tobacco black shank |
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| CN201610383334.0A CN105994386B (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2016-06-02 | A kind of mahonia bealei extract and preparation method thereof and the application in resisting tobacco black shank |
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| CN105994386A CN105994386A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN105994386B true CN105994386B (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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| CN112400912A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-26 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Chinese herbal medicine for preventing and treating tobacco rhizome diseases and preparation method and application method thereof |
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2016
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101623011A (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-01-13 | 朱绍刚 | Method for preparing plant agent for preventing and controlling rice blast |
| CN102047919A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-11 | 刘太玉 | Plant medicament for preventing and controlling rice bacterial leaf blight |
| CN101991640A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-03-30 | 洛阳惠中兽药有限公司 | Preparation method of mahonia fortune-containing Chinese medicinal composition and application thereof |
| CN104892687A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-09 | 淮阴师范学院 | Method for separating and purifying monomeric compound from Chinese mahonia leaves through high-speed counter-current chromatography |
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