CN105994386A - Mahonia bealei extract, and preparation method and application thereof to resistance of tobacco black shank - Google Patents
Mahonia bealei extract, and preparation method and application thereof to resistance of tobacco black shank Download PDFInfo
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- CN105994386A CN105994386A CN201610383334.0A CN201610383334A CN105994386A CN 105994386 A CN105994386 A CN 105994386A CN 201610383334 A CN201610383334 A CN 201610383334A CN 105994386 A CN105994386 A CN 105994386A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
A Mahonia bealei extract is prepared from a Mahonia bealei raw material and ethanol solution as an extraction solvent by at least two times of heating alcohol extraction, and vacuum concentration of the alcohol extract. The specific preparation steps are as below: adding the raw material and ethanol solution into an extraction vessel; starting a heating device for heating the extraction vessel, conducting pump filtration after first extraction, adding the filter residue to the extraction vessel, starting the heating device for heating the extraction vessel, conducting pump filtration after second extraction, emerging the first alcohol extract and second alcohol extract, and then conducting vacuum concentration in concentration equipment to obtain a Mahonia bealei paste extract for preservation. The extract of the invention has the advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity, easy degradation, no residue, no pollution, environmental protection and low cost, and can be used to control tobacco black shank.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant source preparation sterilization technology field, particularly relate to a kind of Mahonia fortunei (Lindl.) Fedde extract and preparation method thereof and
Application in resisting tobacco black shank.
Background technology
Black shank Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae (Vann Breda de Haan) is that China Nicotiana tabacum L. is the most sick
One of evil, is 5%～12% at Chinese tobacco average attack rate, and serious field sickness rate is up to 75%, even causes total crop failure,
Huge economic loss is caused to tobacco leaf production.According to incompletely statistics, in the tobacco leaf production of 1989-1991, Nicotiana tabacum L.
The quality loss that leaf disease viral disease, rust, balck shank, bacterial wilt and 5 kinds of Major Diseases of root knot nematode disease cause is more than l5 hundred million yuan.
In these 5 kinds of diseases, the economic loss that black shank causes is up to 3.69 hundred million yuan, and balck shank once occurs to spread rapidly,
Harm cigarette strain is healthy, even causes vega to have no harvest, has a strong impact on leaf tobacco production.
Nowadays, although chemical prevention remains main prophylactico-therapeutic measures, but many chemical bactericides are to the quality of Nicotiana tabacum L., ecological ring
Border produces tremendous influence, does not the most adapt to the development of society.Using plant extract as antibacterial, have degradable, the most dirty
Dye environment, the advantage of noresidue, meanwhile, pathogen is not likely to produce Drug resistance, has a strongest control action to pathogen, therefore,
Utilize plant extract to prevent and treat black shank, to improving quality of tobacco, ensureing that its safety and keeping ecological balance has
Highly important meaning.But, the report relating to preventing and treating the plant extract of black shank in prior art is relatively fewer, modern
Early develop a kind of efficiently, low toxicity, wide spectrum, be not likely to produce the plant extract of resistance and low cost to prevent and treat black shank, just
Become the technical barrier that those skilled in the art are urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is, overcomes the deficiency and defect mentioned in background above technology, it is provided that a kind of efficient
Low toxicity, easily degrade noresidue, pollution-free, the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract of ecological, environmental protective, low cost, correspondingly provide one
Kind of technique is simple, easy and simple to handle, raw material sources extensively, the preparation method of the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract of low cost and its
Application in resisting tobacco black shank.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is a kind of Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract, described broad-leaved ten
Big contribution extract is with Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. for extracting raw material, using ethanol solution as Extraction solvent, through heating alcohol at least twice
Carry, alcohol extract prepares after concentrating under reduced pressure again.
The one of technique scheme of the present invention is big, and feature is: propose first with medicinal plants Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. (Mahonia
Bealei (Fort.) Carr) as extracting raw material, prepare the medicament of resisting tobacco black shank.The rhizome of Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. contains
The multiple alkaloids such as berberine, palmatine, jateorhizine, magnoline, have effect of heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, anti-inflammatory analgetic, right
Staphylococcus aureus, dysentery bacterium, coliform have inhibitory action, cure mainly the dysentery of human body, gastroenteritis, infectious hepatitis,
The diseases such as bronchitis, but proposed to be applied to Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. the preventing and treating of black shank almost without people.We will
It is applied in the preventing and treating of black shank, and this is our great discovery after investigation and comparison repeatedly, black existing anti-Nicotiana tabacum L.
Almost without relating to this raw material of Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. in the plant extract medicament that shin is sick, we study through lot of experiments, send out
Existing Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract has fabulous inhibitory action to black shank.
The taxonomic features of above-mentioned medicinal plants Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. is Berberidaceae Mahonia fortunei (Lindl.) Fedde platymiscium, another name: Mahonia fortunei (Lindl.) Fedde,
Yellow nandina, Mahonia fortunei (Lindl.)Fedde, Ilex pernyi, Radix seu caulis Berberidis Gagnepainii (Radix Berberidis Virgetori), anistree thorn, Radix Berberidis anhweiensis；Leaf obovate to the shape of falling ovum lanceolar, raceme,
Brightly yellowish color；Petal Long Circle；The month at florescence 7-9, really the phase 9-11 month.Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. belongs to warm temperate zone plant, strong stress resistance,
Biomass is big, it is possible to carry out artificial culture production, and the raw material sources as botanical pesticide exploitation can be protected completely,
Potentiality to be exploited is big, has good market prospect.
As total technology design, the present invention also provides for the preparation method of a kind of above-mentioned Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract, bag
Include following steps:
(1) weigh Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. as raw material, raw material and ethanol solution are added in extraction vessel；
(2) opening heater to heat extraction vessel, control heating-up temperature and be less than 100 DEG C, extraction time is no less than 20min,
Carry out sucking filtration after once having extracted, obtain an alcohol extract and filtering residue；
(3) filtering residue of gained is joined in extraction vessel again, open heater and extraction vessel is heated, control heating temperature
Degree is less than 100 DEG C, and extraction time is no less than 20min, and second extraction carries out sucking filtration after completing, obtains secondary alcohol extract and filtering residue；
(4) alcohol extract described in merging and secondary alcohol extract, then as carrying out in concentrator being concentrated under reduced pressure to give paste
Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract, save backup.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that the percentage by volume of described ethanol solution controls at 70%-80%.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in described step (1), raw material controls at 1/ (6-10) with the mass ratio of ethanol solution.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in described step (2) and step (3), heating and temperature control during extraction is at 90 DEG C
-95 DEG C, extraction time controls at 25min-35min.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in described step (3), during second extraction, filtering residue controls with the mass ratio of ethanol solution
At 1/ (3-5).
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in described step (4), described concentrator is Rotary Evaporators, during concentrating under reduced pressure
Rotating speed be 60-75r/min；Cryogenic temperature is-2 DEG C .-10 DEG C..
As total technology design, the present invention also provides for the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract of a kind of the invention described above anti-Nicotiana tabacum L.
Application in balck shank.
The present invention after preparing above-mentioned Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract, use Toxicity Determination (flat board bacteriostatic test method) and
The method that the live body test of pesticide effectiveness (land for growing field crops pot experiment) combines, tests the extract preventing and treating to black shank of this present invention
Effect.Toxicity Determination result shows: in flat board bacteriostatic test, and the extract of the present invention is antibacterial to balck shank pathogen
Loop diameter is averagely about 0.6cm, and result of the test shows that the preparation of this extract has stronger suppression to black shank pathogen
Activity.And potted plant live test result shows: Potted tobacco balck shank is shown by the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract of the present invention
Preferably prevention effect, may be up to about 80% to the prevention effect of black shank.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
1. the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract that the present invention uses is plant source preparation, and the extract utilizing the present invention to produce is black to Nicotiana tabacum L.
Shin disease has the most in vitro and potted plant prevention effect, can be used for effective preventing and treating of black shank.
2. the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract of the present invention also has easily degraded, the advantage of noresidue, and its popularization and application necessarily can subtract
Applying of other metal class chemical agents few, reduces soil agriculture residual, environmentally safe, green, ecological, environmental protection.
3. the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract extraction process flow process of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, easily extracts production.
4. the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. plant distributions of the present invention is wide, and easy commerial growing produces, and raw material sources are wide, and production cost is low,
Developed into resisting tobacco black shank bactericidal agent, the resource utilization of Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. can be effectively improved, had preferably
Application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or prior art
In description, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is some realities of the present invention
Execute example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the contrast photo in the specific embodiment of the invention to black shank bacterium inhibition；Wherein: CK be sterilized water comparison,
Ethanol CK is the ethanol solution of 5%, processes the 12 Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract solvents referring to dissolve with the ethanol solution of 5%.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of understanding the present invention, below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment, the present invention is made more comprehensively, careful
Ground describes, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to embodiment in detail below.
Unless otherwise defined, the implication that all technical term used hereinafter is generally understood that with those skilled in the art is identical.
Technical term used herein is intended merely to describe the purpose of specific embodiment, is not intended to limit the protection model of the present invention
Enclose.
Unless otherwise specified, the various raw materials used in the present invention, reagent, instrument and equipment etc. all can be purchased by market
Can buy or can be prepared by existing method.
Embodiment:
The Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract of a kind of present invention, this Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract is former with Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. for extracting
Material, using ethanol solution as Extraction solvent, through heating alcohol extraction at least twice, alcohol extract prepares after concentrating under reduced pressure again.
The preparation method of Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract in the present embodiment, specifically includes following steps:
(1) first Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. is pulverized, cross 200 mesh sieves, weigh 100.00g Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. as raw material, fall
Enter in an electric jacket round bottle, then the ethanol solution 1000ml of 75% is added in electric jacket round bottle；
(2) opening heater (electric jacket) to heat electric jacket round bottle, controlling heating-up temperature is 95 DEG C, extraction time
For 30min, after once having extracted, carry out sucking filtration, obtain an alcohol extract and filtering residue；
(3) filtering residue of gained is joined in electric jacket round bottle again, and pour into 75% ethanol 500ml, open add hot charging
Putting and heat electric jacket round bottle, controlling heating-up temperature is 95 DEG C, and extraction time is 30min, and second extraction is taken out after completing
Filter, obtains secondary alcohol extract and filtering residue；
(4) alcohol extract described in merging and secondary alcohol extract, be subsequently placed in concentrator Rotary Evaporators round bottle (no
Surmount cumulative volume 1/3) carry out concentrating under reduced pressure, rotary evaporation to paste (rotation parameter: 60-75r/min；Cryogenic temperature :-2.0 DEG C～
10 DEG C), obtain the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract of paste, be poured in bottle, carry out record, post label, preserve to refrigerator
In standby.
Application Example 1: flat board bacteriostatic test.
Mycelial growth rate method biometric techniques is used to be measured.
First the Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract obtained in above-described embodiment is dissolved with the ethanol solution of 5%, be configured to 500 times of concentration
Solution for standby, cuts bacterium cake in the culture medium covering with black shank pathogen with card punch, bacterium cake is put into extract solution
Middle immersion 5 minutes, is then transferred in aseptic empty culture dish (diameter 90mn), is placed in 25 DEG C of calorstats cultivation, 3 days and 5
After it, ethanol solution using 5% and sterilized water, as blank, measure antibacterial circle diameter by decussation method.Experimental result is such as
Shown in Fig. 1 and table 1 below.
Table 1: the shown Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract suppression fruit to balck shank pathogen.
| Chemicals treatment | Bacterium loop diameter/cm | Use multiple | The significance of difference 5% |
| Mahonia fortunei (Lindl.) Fedde extract | 0.58 | 50 | a |
| 5% ethanol | 4.63 | 50 | b |
| Clear water compares | 5.23 | / | b |
More than test result indicate that, the antibacterial circle diameter meansigma methods of black shank pathogen is by Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract
0.58cm, and bacterium loop diameter meansigma methods 4.63cm of 5% ethanol control, clear water comparison bacterium loop diameter meansigma methods 5.23cm, this table
The Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract that bright above-mentioned preparation method obtains has obvious inhibitory action to the growth of black shank pathogen.
Application Example 2: potted plant experiment made on the living.
1. balck shank pathogen is cultivated preparation voluntarily by us, and Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract uses described in the above embodiment of the present invention
The extract for preparing of method, positive control medicament is Metalaxyl-M MnZn suspending agent (commercial), and blank is clear water.
2. the flue-cured tobacco cultivars used for examination tobacco seedlings is K326, and test basin is diameter 33cm, the Plastic Drum of high 35cm, and dress soil will be long
The tobacco seedlings that gesture is consistent is planted in engagement, is for experiment.
3. inoculation and investigation method.Inoculation method is pouring root inoculation.The zoospore liquid method of inoculation is: will be at culture medium flat plate
On cultivated 7d the mycelia of tobacco black shank bacterium produce together with culture medium and add sterilized water after substantial amounts of Sporangium and smash to pieces, make containing
Suspension every strain cigarette of zoospore fills 100ml spore liquid, loosens root mark soil, cause root system microtrauma mouth before pouring root.After inoculation often
It 1 moisturizing of watering.Postvaccinal cigarette strain is placed in natural conditions and carries out Routine Management, within the 24th hour, carries out the after pathogen inoculation
Dispenser, application method is pouring root, and the every strain of blank fills 1000m1 sterilized water, and positive control fills 1000m1 metalaxyl-mn-zn,
The every strain of subjects fills 1000m1 Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract solution, and spraying medicine concentration is 500 times of liquid.Second time is carried out after one week
Dispenser.After inoculation, 30d investigates the incidence of each process, calculates disease index and prevention effect.
4. severity Scaling
0 grade: Herb is anosis.
1 grade: stem's scab is less than 1/3rd of stem girth, or 1/3rd is wilting with lower blade.
3 grades: stem's scab is around stem girth 1/1st to two/3rd, or 1/1st to two/3rd blade is the most wilting, or
There is scab in bottom minority blade.
5 grades: stem's scab exceedes 1/2nd of stem girth, but not entirely around stem girth, or 2/1sts to three/2nd blades wither
Wither.
7 grades: stem's scab is entirely around stem girth, or 2/3rds is wilting with blade.
9 grades: diseased plant is the most withered.
5. survey data and calculating
Drug effect computational methods are carried out with reference to following methods:
6. result of the test
Being found by pot experiment, after inoculation balck shank pathogen, each process all has certain morbidity, compares with clear water (no
Dispenser) compare, CK medicament and the sickness rate of Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract, disease index and prevention effect all exist the most notable
Difference, concrete data see table 2, and this explanation Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract has extremely significantly prevention effect to black shank.
Table 2: the prevention effect (%) of Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract for preventing and treating balck shank
Claims (8)
1. a Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract, it is characterised in that described Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract is with Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr.
For extracting raw material, using ethanol solution as Extraction solvent, prepare after concentrating under reduced pressure again through heating alcohol extraction, alcohol extract at least twice
Obtain.
2. the preparation method of a Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that include following step
Rapid:
(1) weigh Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. as raw material, raw material and ethanol solution are added in extraction vessel；
(2) opening heater to heat extraction vessel, control heating-up temperature and be less than 100 DEG C, extraction time is no less than 20min,
Carry out sucking filtration after once having extracted, obtain an alcohol extract and filtering residue；
(3) filtering residue of gained is joined in extraction vessel again, open heater and extraction vessel is heated, control heating temperature
Degree is less than 100 DEG C, and extraction time is no less than 20min, and second extraction carries out sucking filtration after completing, obtains secondary alcohol extract and filtering residue；
(4) alcohol extract described in merging and secondary alcohol extract, be subsequently placed in concentrator and carry out being concentrated under reduced pressure to give paste
Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. extract, save backup.
Preparation method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the percentage by volume of described ethanol solution controls
70%-80%.
Preparation method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in described step (1), raw material and ethanol solution
Mass ratio control at 1/ (6-10).
Preparation method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in described step (2) and step (3), extracts
Time heating and temperature control at 90 DEG C-95 DEG C, extraction time controls at 25min-35min.
Preparation method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in described step (3), filtering residue during second extraction
Control at 1/ (3-5) with the mass ratio of ethanol solution.
Preparation method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in described step (4), described concentrator is
Rotary Evaporators, rotating speed during concentrating under reduced pressure is 60-75r/min；Cryogenic temperature is-2 DEG C-10 DEG C.
8. a broad-leaved ten as claimed in claim 1 or preparation method acquisition as according to any one of claim 2-7 is big
The application in resisting tobacco black shank of the contribution extract.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610383334.0A CN105994386B (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2016-06-02 | A kind of mahonia bealei extract and preparation method thereof and the application in resisting tobacco black shank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610383334.0A CN105994386B (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2016-06-02 | A kind of mahonia bealei extract and preparation method thereof and the application in resisting tobacco black shank |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105994386A true CN105994386A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN105994386B CN105994386B (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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| CN201610383334.0A Expired - Fee Related CN105994386B (en) | 2016-06-02 | 2016-06-02 | A kind of mahonia bealei extract and preparation method thereof and the application in resisting tobacco black shank |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112400912A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-26 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Chinese herbal medicine for preventing and treating tobacco rhizome diseases and preparation method and application method thereof |
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2016
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| CN101623011A (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-01-13 | 朱绍刚 | Method for preparing plant agent for preventing and controlling rice blast |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112400912A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-26 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Chinese herbal medicine for preventing and treating tobacco rhizome diseases and preparation method and application method thereof |
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