CN104886184A - Botanical fungicide for preventing and controlling tobacco mosaic virus and preparation method - Google Patents
Botanical fungicide for preventing and controlling tobacco mosaic virus and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104886184A CN104886184A CN201510321714.7A CN201510321714A CN104886184A CN 104886184 A CN104886184 A CN 104886184A CN 201510321714 A CN201510321714 A CN 201510321714A CN 104886184 A CN104886184 A CN 104886184A
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- mosaic virus
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Abstract
The invention discloses a botanical fungicide for preventing and controlling tobacco mosaic virus. The botanical fungicide is prepared from the whole-plant mixed extracts of four plants, namely, herba asari, syzygium aromaticum, veratrum nigrum and stellera chamaejasme, as well as an additive and a solvent. Tests show that the botanical fungicide has a good inhibiting effect for the tobacco mosaic virus; either root-irrigation or spraying is adopted, indoor box plant tests show that the protection function is all 43% or above, and the inhibition rate in the therapeutical effect is all 73% or above; field tests show that the control efficiency is 68% or above, and is 20 percentage points higher than that of a chemical disinfectant. The raw materials adopted by the botanical fungicide are all natural plants which can be degraded in nature, no residue is left, and environmental harmony is achieved; besides antimicrobial active ingredients, the plant extracts also include many other ingredients which have the advantages and characteristics of being capable of promoting the plant growth, improving the plant immunity, increasing the disease resistance and the like, and have great significance in reducing the use of chemical pesticides, realizing environmental protection, and producing green and safe agricultural products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of botanical pesticide, particularly relating to a kind of by extracting the botanical fungicide prepared after active component mixes in the root of Chinese wild ginger, cloves, black false hellebore, Chinese Stellera Root Four Plants, and the preparation method of this bactericide.
Background technology
The virus disease caused by plant virus, be the important disease of a class in agricultural production, the economic loss that tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) causes every year is just more than 100,000,000 dollars.Due to virus obligate parasitism in plant cell, it copies required energy, material, place are provided by host cell completely, in addition plant does not have complete immune metabolic system, this makes the control of the viroses of plant more difficult, and current used chemical antiviral agent can only play the effect delaying or alleviate virus disease symptom to a certain extent, virus can not be eradicated, very micro-to viroses of plant result for the treatment of, therefore the control of the viroses of plant is difficult point and the hot issue of plant disease and virological investigation always.
Botanical pesticide, with the advantage of its uniqueness, becomes the main source of natural antiviral activity material research, and oneself is more and more subject to people's attention also to make Development of Novel plant source disease-resistant poison class botanical pesticide.China from the later stage eighties so far, many scholars have done a large amount of work, find there are tens kinds containing the plant of plant virus inhibiting substances up till now, but all do not become commodity.
At present, virus disease is prevented and treated in agricultural production main still by measures such as breeding resistant variety, seed disinfection, enhancements of field management (farming operation and communication media).Some conventional chemical agent poor effect, also easily bring environmental pollution, easily the drawback such as to develop immunity to drugs.Given this, the present invention is effective component extracting from plant, makes the medicament of control tobacco mosaic virus disease, thus better serve for agricultural production by different proportion.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of botanical fungicide preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease, botanical fungicide of the present invention have efficiently, low toxicity, low-residual, feature with environment and association, raising host immunity power.The invention also discloses the preparation method of this botanical fungicide.
The botanical fungicide that the present invention prevents and treats tobacco mosaic virus disease by the root of Chinese wild ginger (
asarum sieboldiimiq) complete stool, cloves (
syzygium aromaticum) bud, black false hellebore (
veratrum nigruml) complete stool and Chinese Stellera Root (
stellera chamaejasmel.) mixed extract of root Four Plants and auxiliary agent and solvent are made.
The preparation method that the present invention prevents and treats the botanical fungicide of tobacco mosaic virus disease comprises the steps:
(1) root of Chinese wild ginger complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts are dried respectively, pulverized by 20-40 mesh sieve, for subsequent use;
(2) raw material (1) prepared takes root of Chinese wild ginger 1-3, cloves 3-12, black false hellebore 5-8, Chinese Stellera Root 6-15 respectively by mass parts, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the organic solvent of 4-7 times of material quality part, 40-60 DEG C is heated in stirring, refluxing extraction 4-6 hour or extracting at constant temperature 5-8 hour, standby process;
(3) paste is obtained after the extract reduced pressure concentration (2) prepared, for subsequent use;
(4) after the paste quality 1-3 (3) prepared auxiliary agent doubly mixes with paste, then add 20% ethanolic solution or the water of paste quality 100-300 times, make the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease.
Described organic solvent is the mixed liquor of one or more organic solvents of methyl alcohol, ethanol or acetone.
Described auxiliary agent is Tweens, as Tween 80.
The described plant root of Chinese wild ginger (
asarum sieboldiimiq) be Aristolochiaceae, asarum perennial herb; It is the distinctive traditional Chinese medicine of China.The traditional Chinese medical science is used for the treatment of anemofrigid headache, arthralgia, nasal obstruction and oral cavity anabrosis etc.Volatile oil contained by the root of Chinese wild ginger to aspergillus flavus (
aspergillus sp.), aspergillus niger (
aspergilluser sp.), Candida albicans (
candida sp.), typhoid bacillus (
salmonella sp.) there is bacteriostasis; To alternaria (
alternaria panax), epidemic disease bacterium (
phytophthora cactorum) and botrytis cinerea (
botrytis cinerea) etc. plant pathogenic fungi all have good antibacterial effect.
Cloves (
syzygium aromaticum) for plant clove of myrtaceae (
eugenia caryophyllatathunb) dry flower, also known as flos caryophylli.Cloves taste is pungent warm in nature, is used for the treatment of deficiency-cold in spleen and stomach, hiccup vomiting, the few vomiting and diarrhoea of food, trusted subordinate's crymodynia and impotence due to deficiency of the kidney; Cloves is containing volatile oil (i.e. caryophyllus oil), and in oil, main component is eugenol, has the effects such as anti-inflammatory, sterilization, expelling parasite, analgesia, especially more outstanding with its effect of volatile oil that cloves bud extracts for raw material.
Black false hellebore (Veratrum nigrum L) belongs to herbaceos perennial.Another name great Ye reed, mountain green onion.Nature and flavor are pungent, bitter, cold; Poisonous.Its main active is alkaloid, as jervine etc., has emetic, eliminates the phlegm, the function of killing pests and suppressing bacteria.
Chinese Stellera Root (
stellera chamaejasmel.) Thymelaeceae stellera plant is belonged to.Be used as medicine with root, containing flavonoids, coumarin kind compound, diterpene product and lignan constituents etc., its main active is chamaejasmine, belongs to Flavonoid substances, has killing pests and suppressing bacteria effect.
the test of pesticide effectiveness of the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease of the present invention
1, indoor pot effect experiment
1.1 for the preparation trying bactericide
(1) root of Chinese wild ginger complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts are dried respectively, pulverized by 30 mesh sieves, for subsequent use;
(2) raw material (1) prepared takes the root of Chinese wild ginger 2, cloves 8, black false hellebore 6, Chinese Stellera Root 10 respectively by mass parts, pours extractor into after mixing, and adds the ethanol of 5 times of material quality parts, circumfluence distillation 5 hours, standby process;
(3) by extract prepared by (2), after reduced pressure concentration, paste is obtained, for subsequent use;
(4) plant prepared by (3) is carried the Tween 80 that paste adds paste quality 2 times, after mixing, then add the water purification of paste quality 300 times, make the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease.
test method
The 5-6 leaf phase is selected in protective effect test, the plant confession examination that growing way is consistent, healthy and strong.Test and inoculate the tomato seedling of TMV for processed group with 1d after dispenser, carry out spraying and filling with root with reagent agent 300 times of liquid respectively, the tomato seedling only inoculating not dispenser is blank group.TMV inoculum density is 1:20 (W/V).After inoculation, 14d, 30d check the withered spot number on tomato leaf, calculate inhibiting rate.Often process 20 young plants, test repetition 3 times.
Therapeutic action test with inoculate dispenser after TMV for processed group, only to inoculate not dispenser control group.Inoculate malicious source TMV, inoculum density is 1:20 (W/V), and after inoculation, 5d carries out chemicals treatment.Be treated to reagent agent 300 times of liquid sprayings and fill with root, checking the withered spot number on the newborn blade of tomato respectively at 14d, 30d after medication, calculate inhibiting rate.Often process 20 young plants, test repetition 3 times.
Inhibiting rate=(contrast average withered spot number-process average withered spot number)/contrast average withered spot number × 100
1.3 results and analysis
Experimental result sees the following form 1, table 2.
Table 1 bactericide of the present invention is to tomato virus disease protective effect measurement result
Table 2 bactericide medicament of the present invention is to the measurement result of tomato virus disease therapeutic action
As can be seen from table 1 and 2, in protective effect, by different way after process, its 14 days inhibitions to TMV are all more than 90%; And in therapeutic action, more effective to fill with root mode, the rate that presses down after 30 days still has 86.97%.
Protective effect refer to spray medicine after on disease a situation arises impact; and therapeutic action refers to that crop infects the rear medicine of virus to its therapeutic action; from this experiment ground; protective effect is obvious 14 days time; therapeutic action is more effective to fill with root mode; this also shows that this medicament has good inhibitory action to TMV, and the lasting period is longer, can reach about 30 days.
, field efficacy experiment
2.1 test method
Test is carried out in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province Taigu County Agricultural University Of Shanxi, and small plot experiment random district group arranges, plot area 100 ㎡.Experimental field is continuous cropping open country tomato, and managerial skills are general, and Tomato yellow mosaic virus moderate occurs.Test and start process on June 18th, 2014, the above-mentioned medicament prepared is diluted 300 times, field plot trial method is adopted to carry out spraying and spraying adds root irrigation, and establish chemical agent to contrast and clear water contrast, 3 repetitions are established in each process, within 14 days and 21 days, investigate, every community continuous observation 30 strain respectively at before dispenser with dispenser, in units of strain, carry out classification record, calculate disease index and relative control efficiency.
Disease index grade scale
0 grade: complete stool is anosis;
1 grade: slight floral leaf or top and the bottom portion are more than 1/3 blade, and plant downgrades for normal plant more than 3/4;
2 grades: 1/3-1/2 yellowing leaf, leaf roll, plant downgrades for normal plant more than 2/3;
3 grades: 1/2-2/3 yellowing leaf, leaf roll, plant downgrades more than the 1/2-2/3 for normal plant;
4 grades: complete stool yellowing leaf, leaf roll, plant downgrades more than the 1/3-1/2 for normal plant;
Disease index, control efficiency computational methods:
Disease index (100)=Σ strain at different levels number × disease index/4 × investigate total strain number × 100;
Relative control efficiency (100)=[1-(CK
0* PT
1)/(CK
1* PT
0)] × 100;
CK
0for disease index before the dispenser of blank district
CK
1for disease index before the dispenser of blank district
PT
0for disease index before the dispenser of chemicals treatment district
PT
1for disease index before the dispenser of chemicals treatment district
2.2 result of the test
Bactericide of the present invention to the experimental result of tomato virus disease in table 3.
Table 3 bactericide of the present invention is to the measurement result of tomato virus control efficiency
As can be seen from Table 3, in protective effect, the disease index of blank group is increased to 40.96 by initial 21.54, shows that the state of an illness of tomato virus disease is constantly increasing the weight of; The disease index of chemical agent ABOB processed group reduces to after dispenser 14 days 32.00 from initial 36.00, illustrate that the state of an illness alleviates to some extent, but the disease index of 21 days is increased to 35.11 again, the state of an illness increases the weight of again to some extent; After adopting bactericide process of the present invention, no matter be that Direct spraying or spraying add filling root, disease index all decreases after medication, and relative control efficiency reached 72.02% and 68.72% respectively after 21 days, is all better than 48.71% of ABOB.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
(1) have good inhibition with botanical fungicide prepared by the present invention to tobacco mosaic virus (TWV), result of the test shows, no matter adopt and fill with root or spray pattern, indoor pot experiment protective effect inhibiting rate is all more than 43%; Therapeutic action inhibiting rate is all more than 73%; The control efficiency of field trial is more than 68%, and comparatively chemical bactericide exceeds 20 percentage points.
(2) raw material that bactericide of the present invention adopts all derives from natural plants, has its degradation pathway at natural world, noresidue problem, with environment and association; And in plant extracts except bacteriostatic active ingredients; also has other Multiple components; have Promoting plant growth, improve the immunity of plant, increase the advantage and disadvantages such as its disease resistance, the agricultural product of this use to minimizing chemical pesticide, protection of the environment, production green safety are all significant.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
First by root of Chinese wild ginger complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts is dried respectively, pulverize by 20 mesh sieves, secondly the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken the root of Chinese wild ginger 1 respectively by mass parts, cloves 3, black false hellebore 5, Chinese Stellera Root 6, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the methyl alcohol of 4 times of material quality parts, 40 DEG C are heated in stirring, refluxing extraction 4 hours obtained extracts, paste is obtained again after reduced pressure concentration, finally by the Tween 80 of paste quality 1 times, after mixing with paste, add 20% ethanolic solution of paste quality 100 times again, namely the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease is made.
embodiment 2
First by root of Chinese wild ginger complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts is dried respectively, pulverize by 40 mesh sieves, secondly the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken the root of Chinese wild ginger 3 respectively by mass parts, cloves 12, black false hellebore 8, Chinese Stellera Root 15, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the ethanol of 7 times of material quality parts, 60 DEG C are heated in stirring, refluxing extraction 6 hours obtained extracts, paste is obtained again after reduced pressure concentration, finally by the Tween 80 of paste quality 3 times, after mixing with paste, add the water of paste quality 300 times again, namely the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease is made.
embodiment 3
First by root of Chinese wild ginger complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts is dried respectively, pulverize by 30 mesh sieves, secondly the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken the root of Chinese wild ginger 2 respectively by mass parts, cloves 6, black false hellebore 7, Chinese Stellera Root 10, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the acetone of 6 times of material quality parts, 50 DEG C are heated in stirring, extracting at constant temperature 5 hours obtained extracts, paste is obtained again after reduced pressure concentration, finally by the Tween 80 of paste quality 2 times, after mixing with paste, add the water of paste quality 200 times again, namely the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease is made.
embodiment 4
First by root of Chinese wild ginger complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts is dried respectively, pulverize by 20-30 mesh sieve, secondly the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken root of Chinese wild ginger 2-3 respectively by mass parts, cloves 5-6, black false hellebore 7-8, extractor is poured into after Chinese Stellera Root 12-14 mixes, add the ethanol of 5-6 times of material quality part, 50-55 DEG C is heated in stirring, extracting at constant temperature 6-7 hour obtained extract, paste is obtained again after reduced pressure concentration, finally by paste quality 2-2.5 Tween 80 doubly, after mixing with paste, add paste quality 200-250 water doubly again, namely the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease is made.
Claims (3)
1. prevent and treat a botanical fungicide for tobacco mosaic virus disease, it is characterized in that this botanical fungicide is by the root of Chinese wild ginger, cloves, the complete stool mixed extract of black false hellebore, Chinese Stellera Root Four Plants and auxiliary agent and solvent are made;
The preparation method of the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease comprises the steps:
(1) root of Chinese wild ginger complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants are dried respectively, pulverized by 20-40 mesh sieve, for subsequent use;
(2) raw material (1) prepared takes root of Chinese wild ginger 1-3, cloves 3-12, black false hellebore 5-8, Chinese Stellera Root 6-15 respectively by mass parts, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the organic solvent of 4-7 times of material quality part, 40-60 DEG C is heated in stirring, refluxing extraction 4-6 hour or extracting at constant temperature 5-8 hour, standby process;
(3) paste is obtained after the extract reduced pressure concentration (2) prepared, for subsequent use;
(4) the paste quality 1-3 (3) prepared auxiliary agent doubly, after mixing, then adds 20% ethanolic solution or the water of paste quality 100-300 times, make the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease with paste.
2. the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described organic solvent is the mixed liquor of one or more organic solvents of methyl alcohol, ethanol or acetone.
3. the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary agent is Tweens.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106342894A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区烟草公司百色市公司 | Method for preventing and treating mosaic diseases of tobacco by using compound gibberellins |
| CN106993633A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-08-01 | 杨新兰 | A kind of sterilization synergistic composition for being applied to preventing and treating tomato virus disease |
| CN113475534A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-08 | 海南师范大学 | Morinda citrifolia sterilizing preparation and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107668036A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-09 | 西南大学 | Tobacco bacterial wilt controlling agent containing dephnetin and preparation method and application |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106342894A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区烟草公司百色市公司 | Method for preventing and treating mosaic diseases of tobacco by using compound gibberellins |
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| CN106993633A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-08-01 | 杨新兰 | A kind of sterilization synergistic composition for being applied to preventing and treating tomato virus disease |
| CN113475534A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-08 | 海南师范大学 | Morinda citrifolia sterilizing preparation and preparation method thereof |
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