CN104886184B - A kind of botanical fungicide and preparation method for preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease - Google Patents
A kind of botanical fungicide and preparation method for preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease Download PDFInfo
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- CN104886184B CN104886184B CN201510321714.7A CN201510321714A CN104886184B CN 104886184 B CN104886184 B CN 104886184B CN 201510321714 A CN201510321714 A CN 201510321714A CN 104886184 B CN104886184 B CN 104886184B
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- mosaic virus
- tobacco mosaic
- botanical fungicide
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- virus disease
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of botanical fungicide for preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease, by asarum, cloves, black false hellebore, the complete stool mixed extract of Chinese Stellera Root Four Plants and auxiliary agent and solvent are made.Experiment shows that botanical fungicide of the present invention has good inhibition to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), no matter uses pouring root or sprays, and indoor box plants experiment protective effect more than 43%；Therapeutic action inhibiting rate is more than 73%；The prevention effect of field test is higher by 20 percentage points more than 68% compared with chemical bactericide.The raw material that bactericide of the present invention is used derives from natural plants, has its degradation pathway, noresidue problem, with environment and association in nature；And in plant extracts in addition to bacteriostatic active ingredients; also other Multiple components; have the advantages that to promote plant growth, improve the immunity of plant, increase its disease resistance and feature, this is all significant to reducing the use of chemical pesticide, environmental protection, production green safety agricultural product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of botanical pesticide, more particularly to one kind is by asarum, cloves, black false hellebore, four kinds of plants of Chinese Stellera Root
Extract the botanical fungicide for preparing after active component mixing in thing, and the bactericide preparation method.
Background technology
The virosis as caused by plant virus, is the important disease of a class in agricultural production, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)（TMV）Often
The economic loss that year causes is just more than 100,000,000 dollars.Due to virus in plant cell it is definitely parasitic, its energy needed for replicating,
Material, place are provided by host cell completely, and plant does not have complete immune metabolic system in addition, and this causes the viroses of plant
Preventing and treating is more difficult, and used chemical antiviral agent at present can only to a certain extent be played and delay or mitigate virosis
The effect of symptom, it is impossible to eradicate virus, it is little to viroses of plant therapeutic effect, therefore the preventing and treating of the viroses of plant is always to plant
The difficult point and hot issue of thing disease and virological investigation.
Botanical pesticide is with its unique advantage, and the main source studied as natural antiviral activity material also makes hair
Opening up novel plant source antivirus class botanical pesticide, oneself is increasingly paid attention to by people.China from the later stage eighties so far, it is many
Scholar has done substantial amounts of work, to having now been found that the plant containing plant virus inhibiting substances has tens kinds, but does not turn into business
Product.
At present, virosis is prevented and treated in agricultural production main still by breeding resistant variety, seed disinfection, reinforcement field pipe
Reason（Farming is operated and communication media）Deng measure.Some conventional chemical agent effects are not good, are also easy to bring environmental pollution, easily
The drawback such as develop immunity to drugs.In consideration of it, present invention effective component extracting from plant, preventing and treating Tobacco mosaic is made by different proportion
The medicament of virosis, so as to preferably be serviced for agricultural production.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of botanical fungicide for preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease, this
The characteristics of botanical fungicide of invention has efficient, low toxicity, low-residual and environment and association, improves host immunity power.The present invention
Also disclose the preparation method of the botanical fungicide.
The botanical fungicide of present invention preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease is by asarum（Asarum sieboldii Miq）Entirely
Strain, cloves（Syzygium aromaticum）Bud, black false hellebore（Veratrum nigrum L）Complete stool and Chinese Stellera Root
（Stellera chamaejasmeL.）The mixed extract and auxiliary agent and solvent of root Four Plants are made.
The preparation method of the botanical fungicide of present invention preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease comprises the following steps：
(1) asarum complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts are respectively dried, powder
It is broken by 20-40 mesh sieves, it is standby；
(2) raw material for preparing (1) is weighed asarum 1-3, cloves 3-12, black false hellebore 5-8, winter daphne wolf by mass parts respectively
Malicious 6-15, pours into extractor after being well mixed, add the organic solvent of 4-7 times of material quality part, 40-60 is heated in stirring
DEG C, refluxing extraction 4-6 hours or extracting at constant temperature 5-8 hours, standby processing；
(3) extract solution for preparing (2) obtains paste after being concentrated under reduced pressure, standby；
(4) after the auxiliary agent for 1-3 times of paste quality for preparing (3) is well mixed with paste, pasty masses are added
20% ethanol solution or water of 100-300 times of amount, are made the botanical fungicide of preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease.
Described organic solvent is the mixed liquor of one or more of organic solvents of methanol, ethanol or acetone.
Described auxiliary agent is Tweens, such as Tween 80.
Described plant asarum（Asarum sieboldiiMiq）For Aristolochiaceae, asarum perennial herb；It is me
The distinctive traditional Chinese medicine of state.The traditional Chinese medical science is used to treat anemofrigid headache, arthralgia, nasal obstruction and oral cavity anabrosis etc..Waving contained by asarum
Hair oil is to aspergillus flavus（Aspergillus sp.）, aspergillus niger（Aspergilluser sp.）, Candida albicans（Candida sp.）, typhoid bacillus（Salmonella sp.）There is bacteriostasis；To alternaria（Alternaria panax）, epidemic disease bacterium
（Phytophthora cactorum）And botrytis cinerea（Botrytis cinerea）Have preferably Deng plant pathogenic fungi
Antibacterial effect.
Cloves（Syzygium aromaticum）For plant clove of myrtaceae（Eugenia caryophyllata
Thunb）Dry flower, also known as flos caryophylli.Cloves is pungent warm-natured, for treat deficiency-cold in spleen and stomach, hiccup vomiting, deficiency of food vomit and diarrhoea,
Trusted subordinate's crymodynia and impotence due to deficiency of the kidney；Cloves contains volatile oil（That is caryophyllus oil）, oil in main component be eugenol, with anti-inflammatory, sterilization,
The effects such as expelling parasite, analgesia, its effect of the volatile oil especially extracted by raw material of cloves bud is more protruded.
Black false hellebore（Veratrum nigrum L）Belong to herbaceos perennial.Alias great Ye reeds, mountain green onion.Nature and flavor are pungent, hardship, tremble with fear；
It is poisonous.Its main active is alkaloid, and such as jervine has emetic, eliminating the phlegm, the function of killing pests and suppressing bacteria.
Chinese Stellera Root（Stellera chamaejasmeL.）Belong to Thymelaeceae root of langdu platymiscium.It is used as medicine with root, contains flavones
Class compound, coumarin kind compound, diterpene product and lignan constituents etc., its main active are chamaejasmine, category
Flavonoid substances, with killing pests and suppressing bacteria effect.
The test of pesticide effectiveness of the botanical fungicide of the preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease of the present invention
1st, indoor pot effect experiment
1.1 supply the preparation of examination bactericide
(1) asarum complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts are respectively dried, powder
It is broken by 30 mesh sieves, it is standby；
(2) raw material for preparing (1) is weighed asarum 2, cloves 8, black false hellebore 6, Chinese Stellera Root 10 by mass parts respectively, is mixed
Extractor is poured into after uniform, the ethanol of 5 times of material quality parts, circumfluence distillation 5 hours, standby processing is added；
(3) extract solution for preparing (2), obtains paste after being concentrated under reduced pressure, standby；
(4) plant for preparing (3) carries the Tween 80 that paste adds 2 times of paste quality, after being well mixed, adds
The water purification that 300 times of paste quality, is made the botanical fungicide of preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease.
Test method
The protective effect experiment selection 5-6 leaf phases, consistent, the healthy and strong plant of growing way is for examination.Experiment is inoculated with 1d after dispenser
TMV tomato seedling is treatment group, is sprayed and pouring root with 300 times of liquid of reagent agent respectively, is only inoculated with the tomato of not dispenser
Seedling is blank control group.TMV inoculum densities are 1：20(W/V).14d, 30d check the withered spot number on tomato leaf after inoculation,
Calculate inhibiting rate.20 young plants are often handled, experiment is repeated 3 times.
Therapeutic action experiment be inoculated with dispenser after TMV for treatment group, to be only inoculated with not dispenser control group.Inoculation poison
Source TMV, inoculum density is 1：20 (W/V), 5d carries out chemicals treatment after inoculation.Be processed as the spraying of 300 times of liquid of reagent agent and
Pouring root, checks the withered spot number on the newborn blade of tomato respectively at 14d, 30d after medication, calculates inhibiting rate.20 young plants are often handled,
Experiment is repeated 3 times.
Inhibiting rate=（The average withered spot number of the average withered spot number-processing of control）Average withered spot number × 100 of/control
1.3 results and analysis
Experimental result see the table below 1, table 2.
The bactericide of the present invention of table 1 is to tomato virus disease protective effect measurement result
Measurement result of the bactericide medicament of the present invention of table 2 to tomato virus disease therapeutic action
It is can be seen that from table 1 and 2 in protective effect, after handling by different way, its 14 days inhibitions to TMV
All more than 90%；And in therapeutic action, more effective in pouring root mode, the suppression rate after 30 days still has 86.97%.
Protective effect refer to spray after on disease a situation arises influence, and therapeutic action refer to crop infection virus after medicine
Therapeutic action to it, from this experiment from the point of view of ground, protective effect is obvious at 14 days, therapeutic action in pouring root mode more
Effectively, this also indicated that this medicament has good inhibiting effect to TMV, and the lasting period is longer, up to 30 days or so.
, field efficacy experiment
2.1 test method
Experiment is carried out in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province Taigu County Agricultural University Of Shanxi, the random district's groups arrangement of plot experiment, cell face
100 ㎡ of product.Experimental plot is continuous cropping open country tomato, and managerial skills are general, and Tomato yellow mosaic virus moderate occurs.Tested in 2014
Start to process, diluted 300 times by the above-mentioned medicament prepared, was sprayed and sprayed using field plot trial method June 18
Mist adds root irrigation, and sets chemical agent control and clear water control, and each processing sets 3 repetitions, respectively at being applied before dispenser with the
Medicine is investigated for 14 days and 21 days, per 30 plants of cell continuous observation, and classification record is carried out in units of strain, calculate disease index and
With respect to prevention effect.
Disease index grade scale
0 grade：Complete stool is disease-free；
1 grade：Slight floral leaf or top and the bottom portion are more than 1/3 blade, and plant is downgraded as more than the 3/4 of normal plant；
2 grades：1/3-1/2 yellowing leafs, leaf roll, plant are downgraded as more than the 2/3 of normal plant；
3 grades：1/2-2/3 yellowing leafs, leaf roll, plant downgrade more than the 1/2-2/3 for normal plant；
4 grades：Complete stool yellowing leaf, leaf roll, plant downgrade more than the 1/3-1/2 for normal plant；
Disease index, prevention effect computational methods：
Disease index（100）=Σ strain number × disease index/4 at different levels × investigation total strain number × 100；
With respect to prevention effect（100）=[1-(CK0*PT1) /(CK1*PT0)]×100；
CK0 For disease index before blank district dispenser
CK1 For disease index before blank district dispenser
PT0For disease index before chemicals treatment district dispenser
PT1For disease index before chemicals treatment district dispenser
2.2 result of the test
Bactericide of the present invention is shown in Table 3 to the experimental result of tomato virus disease.
Measurement result of the bactericide of the present invention of table 3 to tomato virus prevention effect
From table 3 it can be seen that in protective effect, the disease index of blank control group is increased to by initial 21.54
40.96, show that the state of an illness of tomato virus disease is constantly being aggravated；The disease index of chemical agent morpholine treatment group is from initial
36.00 are reduced to the 32.00 of 14 days after dispenser, illustrate that the state of an illness has mitigated, but the disease index of 21 days increases to 35.11 again,
The state of an illness has been aggravated again；After being handled using bactericide of the present invention, either Direct spraying is still sprayed plus pouring root, and disease index exists
Decreased after medication, respectively reached 72.02% and 68.72% after 21 days with respect to prevention effect, be superior to morpholine
48.71%。
Beneficial effects of the present invention
（1）The botanical fungicide prepared with the present invention is to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)（TWV）There is good inhibition, test
As a result show, no matter using pouring root or spray pattern, indoor pot experiment protective effect inhibiting rate is more than 43%；Treatment
Inhibiting rate is acted on more than 73%；The prevention effect of field test is higher by 20 percentage points more than 68% compared with chemical bactericide.
（2）The raw material that bactericide of the present invention is used derives from natural plants, has its degradation pathway, nothing in nature
Residue problem, with environment and association；And in plant extracts in addition to bacteriostatic active ingredients, also other Multiple components have rush
Enter plant growth, improve the immunity of plant, the advantages of increase its disease resistance and feature, this to reduce chemical pesticide use,
Environmental protection, produce green safety agricultural product it is all significant.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Asarum complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts are respectively dried first,
Crush by 20 mesh sieves, the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is secondly weighed to asarum 1, cloves 3, black false hellebore 5, Chinese Stellera Root respectively by mass parts
6, extractor is poured into after being well mixed, the methanol of 4 times of material quality parts is added, 40 DEG C, refluxing extraction 4 hours is heated in stirring
Extract solution is made, then obtains paste after being concentrated under reduced pressure, finally by the Tween 80 of 1 times of paste quality, is mixed with paste
After even, 20% ethanol solution of 100 times of paste quality is added, that is, the plant source sterilization of preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease is made
Agent.
Embodiment 2
Asarum complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts are respectively dried first,
Crush by 40 mesh sieves, the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is secondly weighed to asarum 3, cloves 12, black false hellebore 8, winter daphne wolf respectively by mass parts
Poison 15, pours into extractor after being well mixed, add the ethanol of 7 times of material quality parts, 60 DEG C, refluxing extraction 6 are heated in stirring
Hour obtained extract solution, then obtain paste after being concentrated under reduced pressure, it is mixed with paste finally by the Tween 80 of 3 times of paste quality
After closing uniformly, the water of 300 times of paste quality is added, that is, the botanical fungicide of preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease is made.
Embodiment 3
Asarum complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts are respectively dried first,
Crush by 30 mesh sieves, the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is secondly weighed to asarum 2, cloves 6, black false hellebore 7, Chinese Stellera Root respectively by mass parts
10, extractor is poured into after being well mixed, the acetone of 6 times of material quality parts is added, 50 DEG C is heated in stirring, extracting at constant temperature 5 is small
When extract solution is made, then obtain paste after being concentrated under reduced pressure, finally by the Tween 80 of 2 times of paste quality, mixed with paste
After uniform, the water of 200 times of paste quality is added, that is, the botanical fungicide of preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease is made.
Embodiment 4
Asarum complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants different parts are respectively dried first,
Crush by 20-30 mesh sieves, the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is secondly weighed to asarum 2-3, cloves 5-6, black false hellebore respectively by mass parts
Extractor is poured into after 7-8, Chinese Stellera Root 12-14 are well mixed, the ethanol of 5-6 times of material quality part is added, heated in stirring
To 50-55 DEG C, 6-7 hours obtained extract solutions of extracting at constant temperature, then paste is obtained after being concentrated under reduced pressure, finally by pasty masses
The Tween 80 of 2-2.5 times of amount, after being well mixed with paste, adds the water of 200-250 times of paste quality, that is, is made anti-
Control the botanical fungicide of tobacco mosaic virus disease.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of prevent and treat tobacco mosaic virus disease botanical fungicide, it is characterised in that this botanical fungicide be by asarum,
Cloves, black false hellebore, the complete stool mixed extract of Chinese Stellera Root Four Plants and auxiliary agent and solvent are made；
The preparation method for preventing and treating the botanical fungicide of tobacco mosaic virus disease comprises the following steps：
(1) asarum complete stool, cloves bud, black false hellebore complete stool, root of Stellera chamaejasme Four Plants are respectively dried, crushed by 20-40
Mesh sieve, it is standby；
(2) raw material for preparing (1) is weighed asarum 1-3, cloves 3-12, black false hellebore 5-8, Chinese Stellera Root by mass parts respectively
6-15, pours into extractor after being well mixed, add the organic solvent of 4-7 times of material quality part, 40-60 DEG C is heated in stirring,
Refluxing extraction 4-6 hours or extracting at constant temperature 5-8 hours, standby processing；
(3) extract solution for preparing (2) obtains paste after being concentrated under reduced pressure, standby；
(4) auxiliary agent for 1-3 times of paste quality for preparing (3), after being well mixed with paste, adds paste quality
100-300 times of 20% ethanol solution or water, is made the botanical fungicide of preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease.
2. the botanical fungicide of preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described has
Machine solvent is the mixed liquor of one or more of organic solvents of methanol, ethanol or acetone.
3. the botanical fungicide of preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus disease according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described helps
Agent is Tweens.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107668036A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-09 | 西南大学 | Tobacco bacterial wilt controlling agent containing dephnetin and preparation method and application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106342894B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-08-21 | 广西壮族自治区烟草公司百色市公司 | The method for preventing tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) with compound gibberellin |
| CN106993633A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-08-01 | 杨新兰 | A kind of sterilization synergistic composition for being applied to preventing and treating tomato virus disease |
| CN113475534B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-11-22 | 海南师范大学 | Morinda citrifolia sterilizing preparation and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1058134A (en) * | 1990-07-18 | 1992-01-29 | 宛吉斌 | Biological insecticides |
| CN101502275A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2009-08-12 | 新疆大学 | Plant source pesticide |
| WO2011002929A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-06 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Antimicrobial/preservative compositions comprising botanicals |
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| CN1058134A (en) * | 1990-07-18 | 1992-01-29 | 宛吉斌 | Biological insecticides |
| CN101502275A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2009-08-12 | 新疆大学 | Plant source pesticide |
| WO2011002929A1 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-06 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Antimicrobial/preservative compositions comprising botanicals |
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| CN107668036A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-09 | 西南大学 | Tobacco bacterial wilt controlling agent containing dephnetin and preparation method and application |
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