CN104872204A - Vegetable bactericide capable of preventing and treating phytophthora root rot of vegetables and preparation method of vegetable bactericide - Google Patents
Vegetable bactericide capable of preventing and treating phytophthora root rot of vegetables and preparation method of vegetable bactericide Download PDFInfo
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- CN104872204A CN104872204A CN201510333171.0A CN201510333171A CN104872204A CN 104872204 A CN104872204 A CN 104872204A CN 201510333171 A CN201510333171 A CN 201510333171A CN 104872204 A CN104872204 A CN 104872204A
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- root rot
- phytophthora root
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable bactericide capable of preventing and treating phytophthora root rot of vegetables and a preparation method of the vegetable bactericide. The vegetable bactericide is prepared from the extracts of three major plant materials clove, cassia bark and rhubarb, auxiliaries and a solvent. Bioactivity measurement indicate that the vegetable bactericide has a good inhibition effect on the phytophthora root rot of tomato, and when the application concentration is 0.5mg/ml, the inhibition rate of the indoor bactericide to the pathogenic bacteria reaches up to 100%, and the prevention and treatment effect can be above 85% in field pesticide effect tests. The raw materials adopted by for the bactericide all are from natural plants, have a degradation pathway in the nature and are free from residual problem and harmonious with the environment; in addition, the plant extracts further contain a plurality of other components in addition to the antibacterial active components, and therefore, the vegetable bactericide has the advantages and characteristics of promoting plant growth, improving the immunity of plants, enhancing the disease resistance of the plants and the like, and then is significant to reduce the use of chemical pesticides, protect the environment and produce green and safe agricultural products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of botanical pesticide, refer in particular to and be a kind ofly applicable to Plant Fungicide preventing and treating vegetables phytophthora root rots and preparation method thereof, it has efficiently, low toxicity, low-residual, and the feature of environment and association.
Background technology
Phytophthora root rot be by epidemic disease mould (
phytophthora) a kind of soil-borne disease of causing, the various vegetables such as tomato, capsicum, cucumber can be endangered.Each vegetables flake in the whole nation; along with scale, concentrate contiguous plant; cropping index improves constantly; long-term continuous cropping causes disease to increase the weight of year by year, especially in protecting field, and the generation of phytophthora root rot and rapid spread; seriously restrict the development of Vegetable produce; particularly the morbidity of field planting later stage to result initial stage is serious, even ruins seedling total crop failure, has greatly injured the enthusiasm at plantation family.
At present, phytophthora root rot mainly relies on chemical pesticide to prevent and treat.A large amount of use chemical pesticide control soil diseases, its consumption exceedes soil its purification ability, can pollute soil.Agricultural chemicals is mainly manifested in the pollution that soil causes: the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function 1. changing soil, causes soil physical and chemical property to change as pH, Eh, CEC, soil porosity, meanwhile, will be there will be obvious acidifying by the soil of agricultural chemicals long-term pollution, soil nutrient (P
2o
5, full N, full K) also can increasing the weight of and reduce with pollution level; 2. endanger the beneficial organism in soil, chemical pesticide can not only kill the pathogen in soil, also can endanger the useful biology of other crops; 3. affect the activity of enzyme in soil, the agricultural chemicals in soil can destroy or passivation derives from the enzyme of plant and microorganism.
Along with the sustainable development of agricultural; people constantly strengthen the consciousness that bad border is protected; and chemical pesticide day by day highlights the injury of harm to environment and human health; therefore reduce and use chemical pesticide, adopt the biopesticide controlling plant diseases of environmental protection to become the inexorable trend of agricultural chemicals research and development.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the invention provides a kind of Plant Fungicide and the preparation method that prevent and treat vegetables phytophthora root rot, Plant Fungicide of the present invention have efficiently, low toxicity, low-residual, characteristic with environment and association.
The botanical fungicide that the present invention prevents and treats tomato phytophthora root rot is by cloves, and the extract of Chinese cassia tree, rheum officinale three plant material and auxiliary agent and solvent are made.
The preparation method that the present invention prevents and treats the botanical fungicide of tomato phytophthora root rot comprises the steps:
(1) cloves bud, cassia, large xanthorrhiza three plant material are dried respectively, pulverized by 20-40 mesh sieve, for subsequent use;
(2) raw material (1) prepared takes cloves 5-10 part, Chinese cassia tree 2-10 part, rheum officinale 2-10 part respectively by mass parts, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the organic solvent of 3-5 times of material quality, 40-60 DEG C is heated in stirring, refluxing extraction 4-6 hour or extracting at constant temperature 5-8 hour, for subsequent use;
(3) paste is obtained after the extract reduced pressure concentration (2) prepared, for subsequent use;
(4) the paste quality 1-3 (3) prepared auxiliary agent doubly, after mixing, then adds 20% ethanolic solution or the water of paste quality 100-300 times, make the botanical fungicide of control tomato phytophthora root rot with paste.
Described organic solvent is one or more mixed liquors of methyl alcohol, ethanol or acetone.
Described auxiliary agent is Tweens and agriculture breast class, as Tween 80 and Nongru-700.
Described cloves bud be plant of clove (
syzygium aromaticum) for plant clove of myrtaceae (
eugenia caryophyllatathunb) dry bud, also known as flos caryophylli.Cloves taste is pungent warm in nature, is used for the treatment of deficiency-cold in spleen and stomach, hiccup vomiting, the few vomiting and diarrhoea of food, trusted subordinate's crymodynia and impotence due to deficiency of the kidney; Cloves is containing volatile oil (i.e. caryophyllus oil), and in oil, main component is eugenol, has the effects such as anti-inflammatory, sterilization, expelling parasite, analgesia, especially more outstanding with its effect of volatile oil that cloves bud extracts for raw material.
Chinese cassia tree be canella Chinese cassia tree (
cinnamomum cassiapresl) dry bark.Chinese cassia tree is containing volatile oil 1.98%-2.06%, its main component is cinnaldehydrum (cinnamaldehyde), account for 52.92%-61.20%, also has acetic acid cassia bark ester (cinnamyl acetate), ethyl cinnamate (ethylcinnamate), Ergol (benzyl benzoate), benzaldehyde (benzaldehyde), coumarin (coumarin), β-cadinene (β-cadinene), calamus alkene (calamenene), beta-elemene (β-elemane), protocatechuic acid (protocatechuic acid), trans isomer cinnamic acid (transcinnamic acid) etc.Research shows that cinnamon essential oil has good inhibitory action to various plants germs such as tomato Alternariaspp (Alternaria solani), water spinach zonate spot bacterium (Phyllosticta physaleos), cucumber anthracnoses (Colletotrichum orbiculare).
Rheum officinale be polygonum rheum palmatum (
rheum palmatuml.), Rheum tanguticum Maxim (
rheum tanguticummaxim.ex Balf.) or Rheum officinale (
rheum officinalebaill.) dry root and rhizome.Chinese rhubarb is mainly done medicinal, and Chinese herb rhubarb has attacks stagnant, clearing away damp-heat, purging intense heat, cool blood, effect such as the stasis of blood, removing toxic substances of dispelling.Research show Chinese rhubarb extract to Tomato mosaic virus (
tobacco mosaicvirus), cucumber powdery mildew's pathogen (Sphaerotheca fuliginea Poll.) and Phytophthora capsici (Phytophthora capsici Leon) have good inhibitory action.
The various vegetables phytophthora root rots that botanical fungicide of the present invention causes primarily of control phytophthora, fill with root at field premorbid with the spraying medicine concentration of 0.5mg/ml and have good prevention effect, fill with root after morbidity and have good therapeutic action, also can carry out soaking seed, dressing seed with same spraying medicine concentration, except diseases prevention, also have the effect stimulating seed germination and promote plant root growth.
The present invention prevents and treats the test of pesticide effectiveness of the botanical fungicide of tomato phytophthora root rot
1, Toxicity Determination:
1.1 reagent agent
Two kinds of medicaments that raw materials concentration is different.
(1) No. 1 preparation is by cloves bud, cassia, large xanthorrhiza, dry respectively, 40 mesh sieves are crossed after pulverizing, the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken cloves bud 5 respectively by mass parts, cassia 2, large xanthorrhiza 2, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the methyl alcohol of 4 times of material quality parts, 40 DEG C are heated in stirring, refluxing extraction 4 hours obtained extracts, paste is obtained again after reduced pressure concentration, finally by the Tween 80 of paste quality 1 times, after mixing with paste, add 20% ethanolic solution of paste quality 100 times, namely the botanical fungicide of control vegetables root-rot phytophthora root rot is made.
(2) No. 2 preparations are by cloves bud, cassia, large xanthorrhiza, dry respectively, 40 mesh sieves are crossed after pulverizing, the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken cloves bud 15 respectively by mass parts, cassia 10, large xanthorrhiza 10, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the ethanol of 6 times of material quality parts, 60 DEG C are heated in stirring, refluxing extraction 6 hours obtained extracts, paste is obtained again after reduced pressure concentration, by the Tween 80 of paste quality 3 times, after mixing with paste, add the water of paste quality 300 times again, namely control vegetables root-rot phytophthora root rot botanical fungicide is made.
1.2 for examination germ tomato Phytophthora Root Rot.
1.3 test method
Mycelial growth rate method is adopted to measure: to establish 3 process, i.e. No. 1 preparation, No. 2 preparations and contrast.No. 1 preparation and No. 2 preparations are joined in the PDA medium of fusing, to be ultimate density be 1.00,0.50,0.25,0.125,0.0625mg/ml, fully shake up and pour in sterilized culture dish, after culture medium solidifying, be that the card punch of 6mm produces bacterium block from the germ colony edge cultivated 4-5 days with diameter, with transfer needle, bacterium block is inoculated on pastille medium, mycelia faces down, one piece, every ware, often process repetition 3 times, cultivate as in 25 DEG C of constant incubators, after 72 hours, adopt right-angled intersection method to measure colony diameter.
Bacteriostasis rate computing formula is as follows:
Bacteriostasis rate (%)=[(contrast bacterium colony average diameter-process bacterium colony average diameter)/(contrast bacterium colony average diameter-6)] × 100
Utilize Excel and DPS software data processing, calculate bacteriostasis rate, virulence equation and EC in effectively suppressing
50.
1.4 result of the test
Result of the test is in table 1 and Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
Table 1 botanical fungicide of the present invention is to the virulence regression equation of test plant pathogen
Can find out from the graph, No. 1, No. 2 preparations increase along with concentration, and its colony diameter is in reduction, and concentration is 1,0.5mg.ml
-1time, all do not grow the bacterium colony of tomato phytophthora, inhibiting rate is 100%; At 0.25 mg.ml
-1time, No. 1 preparation inhibiting rate is 61.32%, No. 2 preparation inhibiting rates is 75.48%.By carrying out regression analysis to the logarithm of concentration and the probability value of inhibiting rate, obtain virulence equation in table 1, No. 1, No. 2 preparations are respectively 0.1845 and 0.1472 mg.ml to concentration in the suppression of tomato phytophthora
-1, fungistatic effect is obvious.
, field trial
2.1 for examination booth overview
Test and carried out at Taigu County Zhang Jiazhuan Vegetable Base in 2012 ~ 2013 years, tomato planting density is 3500 ~ 4000 strains/667m
2.This booth is the incidence of disease 20% ~ 50% in recent years.
2.2 reagent agent
No. 1 preparation prepared with Toxicity Determination and No. 2 preparations.
2.3 experimental scheme and method
Each test process Jun An community randomized arrangement is carried out, and the community number of each reagent agent and contrast chemicals treatment is 5, plot area 15 ㎡ ~ 50 ㎡.The spraying medicine concentration of No. 1 preparation and No. 2 preparations is 0.5mg/ml, with clear water in contrast.With the disease index of dispenser 10 days " Invest, Then Investigate " communities before dispenser.Disease index investigation method is as follows:
The 0-4 grade standard investigation state of an illness is pressed in units of rhizome
0 grade: rhizome does not occur infecting illness.
1 grade: onset area accounts for less than 1/4 of rhizome area, there is water stain shape brown spot, but do not occur rotten situation.
2 grades: onset area accounts for 1/4 ~ 1/2 of rhizome area, and main root starts to decay, basal part of stem starts to occur around contracting phenomenon, but can find newborn side root, overground part non-evident sympton.
3 grades: onset area accounts for 1/2 ~ 3/4 of rhizome area, main root major part is rotted, and basal part of stem is around contracting simultaneously, and side root is not in new life, and overground part blade is withered.
4 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 3/4 of rhizome area, rhizome position is around shortening wire into, and plant is almost dead.
Computing formula is as follows:
Disease index=[∑ (state of an illness strain number × relative level numerical value at different levels)/(investigating total strain number × 4)] × 100
Disease index rate of change (%)=[before (after dispenser before disease index-dispenser disease index)/dispenser disease index]
×100
Control efficiency (%)=[(check plot disease index rate of change-process place disease index rate of change)/check plot disease index rate of change] × 100
2.4 result of the test
Result of the test is in table 2.
Table 2 botanical fungicide control of the present invention tomato phytophthora root rot field test results
As can be seen from Table 2, No. 1 preparation, No. 2 preparations are when spraying medicine concentration is 0.5mg/ml, and field control rate all reaches more than 85%, and control efficiency is remarkable.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
(1) result of the test shows, the botanical fungicide prepared with the present invention has good inhibition to root-rot phytophthora root rot bacterium, and concentration is 0.5mg.ml
-1time, be 100% to the inhibiting rate of tomato phytophthora, concentration is 0.25 mg.ml
-1time, inhibiting rate reaches more than 60%, and in its suppression, concentration is respectively 0.1845 and 0.1472 mg.ml
-1; The control efficiency of field trial is more than 85%, and fungistatic effect is obvious.
(2) raw material that bactericide of the present invention adopts all derives from natural plants, has its degradation pathway at natural world, noresidue problem, with environment and association; And in plant extracts except bacteriostatic active ingredients; also has other Multiple components; have Promoting plant growth, improve the immunity of plant, increase the advantage and disadvantages such as its disease resistance, the agricultural product of this use to minimizing chemical pesticide, protection of the environment, production green safety are all significant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is No. 1 preparation indoor virulence measurement result.
Fig. 2 is No. 2 preparation indoor virulence measurement results.
Specific embodiment
embodiment 1
By cloves bud, cassia, large xanthorrhiza, dry respectively, after pulverizing, cross 40 mesh sieves.The raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken cloves bud 5, cassia 2, large xanthorrhiza 2 respectively by mass parts, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the methyl alcohol of 4 times of material quality parts, be heated to 40 DEG C in stirring, refluxing extraction 4 hours obtained extracts, then obtain paste after reduced pressure concentration, by the Tween 80 of paste quality 1 times, after mixing with paste, then add 20% ethanolic solution of paste quality 100 times, namely make the botanical fungicide of control vegetables root-rot phytophthora root rot.
embodiment 2
First by cloves bud, cassia, large xanthorrhiza, dry respectively, after pulverizing, cross 40 mesh sieves.Secondly the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken cloves bud 15, cassia 10, large xanthorrhiza 10 respectively by mass parts, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the ethanol of 6 times of material quality parts, be heated to 60 DEG C in stirring, refluxing extraction 6 hours obtained extracts, then obtain paste after reduced pressure concentration, finally by the Tween 80 of paste quality 3 times, after mixing with paste, then add the water of paste quality 300 times, namely make control vegetables root-rot phytophthora root rot botanical fungicide.
embodiment 3
First by cloves bud, cassia, large xanthorrhiza, dry respectively, after pulverizing, cross 20 mesh sieves.Secondly the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken cloves bud 8, cassia 5, large xanthorrhiza 4 respectively by mass parts, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the acetone of 6 times of material quality parts, be heated to 50 DEG C in stirring, extracting at constant temperature 5 hours obtained extracts, then obtain paste after reduced pressure concentration, finally by the Nongru-700 of paste quality 2 times, after mixing with paste, then add the water of paste quality 200 times, namely make the botanical fungicide of control tobacco mosaic virus disease.
embodiment 4
First by cloves bud, cassia, large xanthorrhiza, dry respectively, 30 mesh sieves are crossed after pulverizing, secondly the raw material of above-mentioned preparation is taken cloves bud 5-15 respectively by mass parts, cassia 2-10, extractor is poured into after large xanthorrhiza 2-10 mixes, add the ethanol of 5-6 times of material quality part, 50-55 DEG C is heated in stirring, extracting at constant temperature 6-7 hour obtained extract, paste is obtained again after reduced pressure concentration, finally by paste quality 2-2.5 Nongru-700 doubly, after mixing with paste, add paste quality 200-250 20% ethanolic solution doubly again, namely the botanical fungicide of control vegetables root-rot phytophthora root rot is made.
Claims (3)
1. prevent and treat a botanical fungicide for vegetables phytophthora root rot, it is characterized in that, botanical fungicide is by cloves, and the extract of Chinese cassia tree, rheum officinale three plant material and auxiliary agent and solvent are made;
The preparation method of the botanical fungicide of control vegetables phytophthora root rot comprises the steps:
(1) cloves bud, cassia, large xanthorrhiza three plant material are dried respectively, pulverized by 20-40 mesh sieve, for subsequent use;
(2) raw material (1) prepared takes cloves 5-10 part, Chinese cassia tree 2-10 part, rheum officinale 2-10 part respectively by mass parts, extractor is poured into after mixing, add the organic solvent of 3-5 times of material quality, 40-60 DEG C is heated in stirring, refluxing extraction 4-6 hour or extracting at constant temperature 5-8 hour, standby process;
(3) paste is obtained after the extract reduced pressure concentration (2) prepared, for subsequent use;
(4) the paste quality 1-3 (3) prepared auxiliary agent doubly, after mixing, then adds 20% ethanolic solution or the water of paste quality 100-300 times, make the botanical fungicide of control vegetables phytophthora root rot with paste.
2. the botanical fungicide of control vegetables phytophthora root rot according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described organic solvent is one or more mixed liquors of methyl alcohol, ethanol or acetone.
3. the botanical fungicide of control vegetables phytophthora root rot according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary agent is Tweens and agriculture breast class, as Tween 80 and Nongru-700.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105145639A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2015-12-16 | 苏州科大微龙农业科技有限公司 | Cellulase organic copper mixture for controlling root rot of tomato phytophthora |
| CN113475534A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-08 | 海南师范大学 | Morinda citrifolia sterilizing preparation and preparation method thereof |
| CN114747597A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-07-15 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Biogenic pesticide for preventing and treating phytophthora nicotianae and application of biogenic pesticide in inhibiting phytophthora nicotianae |
| CN115474604A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-16 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Application of scopoletin and protocatechuic acid in prevention and treatment of downy mildew of litchi chinensis |
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| AU2011323263B2 (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2014-12-11 | Marrone Bio Innovations, Inc. | Compositions containing anthraquinone derivatives as growth promoters and antifungal agents |
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| CN101248794A (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2008-08-27 | 江门市植保有限公司 | Agricultural chemical composition containing carbendazim and kasugamycin |
| CN101502275A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2009-08-12 | 新疆大学 | Plant source pesticide |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105145639A (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2015-12-16 | 苏州科大微龙农业科技有限公司 | Cellulase organic copper mixture for controlling root rot of tomato phytophthora |
| CN113475534A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-08 | 海南师范大学 | Morinda citrifolia sterilizing preparation and preparation method thereof |
| CN114747597A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-07-15 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Biogenic pesticide for preventing and treating phytophthora nicotianae and application of biogenic pesticide in inhibiting phytophthora nicotianae |
| CN115474604A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-16 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Application of scopoletin and protocatechuic acid in prevention and treatment of downy mildew of litchi chinensis |
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