CN105981683A - Production and breeding method of Indian soft-shelled turtles - Google Patents
Production and breeding method of Indian soft-shelled turtles Download PDFInfo
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- CN105981683A CN105981683A CN201510078557.1A CN201510078557A CN105981683A CN 105981683 A CN105981683 A CN 105981683A CN 201510078557 A CN201510078557 A CN 201510078557A CN 105981683 A CN105981683 A CN 105981683A
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- trionyx sinensis
- sinensis wiegmann
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a production and breeding method of Indian soft-shelled turtles. The method comprises the stages of variety breeding, egg hatching, young turtle breeding, finished product producing and the like, the production and breeding method completely adopts a wild outdoor growing mode, and variety breeding adopts the following steps that 1, local wild Hemu turtles are selected in the areas of the Yaojiang river in Ningbo for breeding; 2, parent turtles obtained in the first step are selected to serve as Indian soft-shelled turtle parents on the condition that the color and luster of the turtles are good, the activity is high, growth is moderate, neither illness nor injury appears for eight years or above, and the external shape is complete. The turtles bred through the method have unique fresh taste and quality, the meat quality, taste and dietetic invigoration effect are more excellent, continuation and improvement of the excellent varieties of the wild long turtles are achieved, and the edible safety is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to commodity Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivating method field, the production particularly relating to raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is cultivated
Method.
Background technology
Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, is commonly called as Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, Water fish, the soft-shelled turtle and cuckold etc., oviparity reptile, amphibious life.
Carnis Trionycis delicious, nutritious, there are clearing away heat and nourishing YIN, suppressing the hyperactive liver to relieve the wind syndrome, the effect of hard masses softening and resolving.Not only
It is the delicious food on dining table, and is a kind of tonic having many uses and Chinese medicine material.China
Existing mainly have Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann), Trionyxs teindachneri Siebenrock．, speckle Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, a soft-shelled turtle, wherein most commonly seen with Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann).
Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is the Omnivore based on animal food, in wild environment, and eating fish, shrimp, Ke
Tadpole, spiral shell, freshwater mussel, shellfish, insecticide etc..When animal food lacks, also can by grass, melon and
The rhizomes of plant etc. are as food.Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann natural disposition is voracious, during inanition, and can cannibalism.Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann was both coveted
Eat the most resistance to starving, once can within even 1 year, live on air for a long time after feed, also will not be dead.When
So, this be by its own savings nutrition to the activity of sustaining life, must supply when artificial cultivation
To the food of its abundance, to accelerate its growth.Owing to Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is oviparous animal, ovum is being protected without parent
Under the conditions of hatch, the incubation period is long.Although therefore the reproductive capacity of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is strong, but in natural surroundings, due to
Being affected by multiple harmful animal, pathogenic bacteria invasion and attack and bad climate, its incubation rate, survival rate are relatively low.
Use artificial propagation, be greatly improved incubation rate, shorten the incubation period, provide sufficient kind for artificial Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Seedling.
But, during artificial cultivation, in order to pursue economic benefit, most enterprises use complete feed to carry out
Feed, and it is mainly greenhouse cultivation and segmentation cultivation, shorten Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann growth cycle artificially, the most foster
The Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann grown is because the cycle is short, activity is little, and its meat is soft, and fat is many, and shirt rim is thin narrow, and mouthfeel is poor,
And owing to Water space is little, growing environment is poor, abnormal flavour is the heaviest, is not received by the market.Therefore, many
New ecological cultivation method arises at the historic moment, but lacks owing to having that Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann kind is impure, breeding environment is bad etc.
Fall into, be still difficult to reach mouthfeel and the quality of real wild Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that the production training of a kind of raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Educate method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The production breeding method of a kind of raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, described method includes breed breeding, the hatching of ovum, children
The stages such as Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivation and finished product production, it is characterised in that described production breeding method all uses field
Outdoor growth, described breed breeding in the following way:
A () selects wild river, the locality nurse ground beetle of Ningbo Yao Jiang mono-band to breed；
B () is good with the color and luster of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, vigor is high, it is moderate to grow, more than 8 years anosis profiles of hindering are complete etc.
The close Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann that condition selecting step (a) is bred is as raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann parent.
According to the present invention, described breeding method is cultivated and the employing of finished product production phase is identical or not children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Same type of rearing, the most different types of rearing.Wherein, (1) children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann breeding phase, use deep
Ocean whitefiss powder and starch etc. be foodstuff cultivate obtain two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, use the shrimp that preys on voluntarily to live to be afterwards
Main live body aquatic animal mode cultivates acquisition four children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann in age.Preferably, described live body aquatic animal is
Shrimp, Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and the Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc. of cultivation in the movable water body of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.The most annual 5
Start about Yue to cultivate described live body aquatic animal.(2) the finished product production phase, use catch voluntarily completely
Food is cultivated in the live body aquatic animal mode of the shrimp that lives, and according to Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann age, size, fish for and deposit the pool
Situation, preferably finished product cultivate density 50-300/mu scope.
According to the present invention, described cultivation is carried out in micro-salty and alkalescent water.Wherein, exotic river is passed through
Water in time exchange water make salinity control at 2-4 ‰, and pH controls between 7.4-8.7.In addition,
Also whole process carries out water quality monitoring, and indices reaches country's non-nuisance water standard.
According to the present invention, the growth of described whole employing open field refers to the overall process of cultivation the most in the wild
In the case of outdoor.Specifically, young Trionyx sinensis children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann in the wild is cultivated in pond and cultivates, real under natural environment
The row survival of the fittest；After two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmanns, long Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann out of office big water surface water body is cultivated, at natural environmental condition
Under eliminate further.
According to the present invention, the described cultivation water surface selects the big water surface to cultivate.Specifically, single water body exists
About 100 mu, the depth of water is in 1-2 rice scope.
According to the present invention, described production breeding method uses natural selection.Specifically, cultivating
Overall process in the most artificially add any hormone, do not use antibiotic etc, utilize wild growth,
Natural environment obsolescence principle, eliminates underproof Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.
According to the present invention, after two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmanns, children's Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann male and female separately, put in a suitable place to breed and cultivate foodstuff
In big water surface water body, it is main by the shrimp alive of predation voluntarily.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, local autochthonal Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann kind is selected, the amblent air temperature that it can be more preferably suitably local, and general parent's kind five
Year just can breed, and raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann requires selection-breeding parent's kind of more than 8 years, and the quality of seedling is higher.
2, micro-salty and alkalescent water grows so that it is internal glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, the third ammonia
The free Fresh ear field content such as acid are higher；And alkalescent water not only reduces the existence of pathogenic microorganism,
Its metabolism can also be improved, be of value to quality improve, this create its uniqueness delicious mouthfeel and
Quality.
3, setting up on the basis of fine-variety breeding and the big water surface, (shrimp that lives is predation live body aquatic animal voluntarily
Main) natural selection method maintain raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann hunger intensity, allow its activity increase, tempered Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Wild nature, its body constitution is improved so that finished product Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann ferociousness is quick, bright in color, the generous toughness in shirt rim
Good, lean, meat is hard.Meanwhile, the speed of growth is effectively delayed so that relatively general with weight
Logical Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, the raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann time limit is longer, and meat, mouthfeel and tonic effect are the most excellent, is excellent to wild Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
The continuity of non-defective unit kind and raising.
4, relative to common Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, the growth course of raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann not only continues and maintains the many excellent of original kind
Point, also maintains wild nature and the quality of wild Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, and the guarantee of overall process water quality also avoid agricultural
The impact of the microorganisms such as pollution, heavy metal pollution and parasite, it is ensured that edible safety.
Detailed description of the invention
In the present invention, described wild Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann refers to grow in external source river, runs its course, without appointing
Who is the Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann grown up under conditions.
Described river nurse ground beetle refers to be grown in the indigenous Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) that river nurse crosses.River nurse crosses upper water
The Yao Jiang of system is region closed drainage, and source is at Siming Shan arteries and veins, and direct current sea, downstream, with other fresh water
Water system, without crossing, thus determines the region kind that the river nurse ground beetle that river nurse crosses is Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann).River nurse soil
Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is with a long history, about 7000 history, quality better.
Described parent Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann i.e. plants Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, is used to parent's kind of nursery.
Described raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann refers to that the autochthonal Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) crossed with river nurse, for kind of a source, is formed after purification and rejuvenation
The Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) with improved seeds characteristic.
Described young Trionyx sinensis refer to Chinese terrapin egg through 31-33 DEG C of Constant temperature hatch about about 50 days, pip weighs about
3.5-5.0g/ little Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann only.
Described children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann refers to take pains to foster, and below all five ages, general weight, less than 500g, does not has
Reach complete sexually matured Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.
As it has been described above, the invention discloses the production breeding method of a kind of raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, described method includes
In the stages such as breed breeding, the hatching of ovum, children's Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivation and finished product production, described production breeding method is complete
Portion use open field growth, described breed breeding in the following way:
A () selects wild river, the locality nurse ground beetle of Ningbo Yao Jiang mono-band to breed；
B () is good with the color and luster of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, vigor is high, it is moderate to grow, more than 8 years anosis profiles of hindering are complete etc.
The close Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann that condition selecting step (a) is bred is as raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann parent.
In the present invention, why selecting more than 8 years, be because generally, Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann growth time is more
Its integrated quality long is the best, including nutritional labeling, mouthfeel, premunition, incubation rate etc., it is contemplated that become
The many factors such as basis, egg production, incubation rate, the Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann selecting more than 8 years is best as parent's effect.
It addition, the present invention is in the breed breeding stage, strong with vitality, premunition is strong, and shirt rim is generous,
Body constitution is excellent selects standard as first, and the speed of growth is then secondary principle.Existing technique is to commodity
The selection-breeding of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann breeding is typically the first selection standard with fast growth, and in the method for the present invention, and
Select not as first, specifically, plant by the parent of raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann as a example by selecting, be naturally to wash in a pan
On the basis of eliminating with vitality by force, premunition is strong, and body constitution is excellent selects standard as first, and growth is fast
Degree is secondary principle.It addition, its selection Ningbo Yao Jiang mono-especially was with wild river, the locality nurse of more than 8 years
Ground beetle as parent, can not only more preferably suitable local amblent air temperature, and shirt rim is generous, nutrition is high,
In good taste, vitality is strong, premunition is high, and incubation rate is high, Seedling matter is healthy and strong.
The present invention is in the incubation period of ovum, for laying eggs that annual late May parent Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann starts, selects
Weight between 3.5-5.5, complete, transparent, bright, can substantially distinguish animal pole and vegetative pole
Chinese terrapin egg uses clean sand as the egg of hatching, described hatching material.Preferably, described hatching exists
Carrying out in incubator, the preferred specification of described incubator is: 60cm × 60cm × 18cm.In the present invention,
Described selected Chinese terrapin egg was through 31-33 DEG C of Constant temperature hatch about 50 days, and little Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann pips, it is thus achieved that weigh about
3.5-5.0g/ young Trionyx sinensis only.In the young Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann breeding phase of the present invention.Described children's Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann breeding phase includes
Following process: (1) cultivates pond by putting into field children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann after above-mentioned young Trionyx sinensis well-chosen；Employing deep-sea is white
Fish flour and starch etc. are cultivated as foodstuff；Preferably cultivate under open field state.Preferably, described open country
The area in outer children's Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivation pond is within 1000 square meters, and the depth of water is preferably between 0.4m-1.0m.More
Preferably every square meter throws in young Trionyx sinensis 30.(2) through the cultivation of nearly 2 years (preferably about 22 months),
Period through twice, the hibernation period that the most about some months (preferably 6-7 month) is not taken food, it is thus achieved that Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Heavily can reach about 160-200g/ only two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann；(3) by described two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann male and female separately, throw
It is put into wild long Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann big water surface water body (preferably putting into big water surface water body in annual May), uses from voluntarily
Predation is cultivated in the live body aquatic animal mode of the shrimp that lives.This big water surface coverage of water described is preferably
100-120 mu；The depth of water is preferably between 1.0-2.0m.Described live body aquatic animal is the activity Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Shrimp, Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and the Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc. of cultivation in water body.Preferably every mu input two children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann in age
300-500 is only.(4) cultivation is put in a suitable place to breed through nearly 2 years (preferably about 22 months), period warp again
Go through twice, the hibernation period that the most about some months (preferably 6-7 month) is not taken food, it is thus achieved that Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann weight up to
To about 400-500g/ only four age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.
Preferably, the principle of selecting of described young Trionyx sinensis is that vigor is good, not damaged.Most preferably, whole
Children's Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann breeding phase, does not throws something and feeds, throws in any disease resistance medicine.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is divided into children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann to cultivate and finished product produces two stages.
Wherein, (1) children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann breeding phase, use deep-sea Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder and starch etc. to cultivate for foodstuff and obtained for two ages
Children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, uses the live body aquatic animal mode that the shrimp that preys on voluntarily to live is main to cultivate acquisition four children in ages afterwards
Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann；Preferably, described live body aquatic animal is the shrimp of cultivation, Carassius auratus, silver carp in the movable water body of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Fish, Aristichthys nobilis and Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc..Such advantage is: Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis live in upper strata, and predation is swum dynamic
Plant；Ctenopharyngodon idellus lives in middle level, and ingest various pasture and water；Carassius auratus lives in bottom, main feeding plant
Property foodstuff；Shrimp lives in middle lower floor, provides food for Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann；Zooplankton ingests again phytoplankton, eats
Ichthyophagy, shrimp, the Excreta of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann and defecation thing provide nutrition for phytoplankton again after being decomposed by the microorganisms；
Not only taking full advantage of water body, improve added value, what is more important constructs the ecology of a balance
System, provides closer to the natural environment of ecosystem with using the shrimp foodstuff source as Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann of living to Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.(2)
The finished product production phase, the live body aquatic animal mode that the shrimp that preys on voluntarily to live is main is used to cultivate completely,
And according to Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann age, size, fish for and deposit pool situation, preferably finished product cultivate density 50-300 only/mu
Scope.
Existing goods Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivates mainly throw something and feed trionyx sinensis feed and the fresh bait of non-being, a small amount of being of holding concurrently
Predation.And in the present invention, using type of rearing stage by stage, such mode is not given only its nutrition
Comprehensive fresh and alive foodstuff, and add raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann hunger intensity and activity, temper the wild nature of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann,
Its body constitution is improved, lean, meat is hard, bright in color, and the generous toughness in shirt rim is good.
The cultivation of existing goods Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is substantially based on easily controllable small face cultivation, the single pond water surface one
As within 10 mu.The present invention then uses the big water surface to cultivate, and single water body is at about 100 mu.This
The mode of sample ensure that the overall ecological environment that of raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is more stable, it is important that the big water surface increases
Add the activity space of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, shrimp and other aquatic animals, add the Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann predation live body based on the shrimp that lives
The space of aquatic animal and activity, body constitution is improved, and is a significant benefit to quality and improves.
Cultivating process after the two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmanns of the present invention, the foodstuff preyed on voluntarily is by the food training of live body Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Stage of educating cultivates.Preferably, described live body Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann food breeding phase includes following process: at 100-120
Carrying out the cultivation of shrimp in the big water surface water body of mu, hold concurrently it is alive to support Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc. simultaneously
Body aquatic animal.In the present invention, preferably after Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann (such as young Trionyx sinensis or children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann) spends hibernation period (preferably
Annual May) carry out the cultivation of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann food.It is highly preferred that described shrimp food cultivate in annual May laggard
Row is cultivated.Described fry is cultivated after annual mid or late March.It is highly preferred that described shrimp food
Selected from Penaeus vannamei, the most secondary Seedling, density is 5-6 ten thousand tail/every mu, and size is at 0.8-1.0cm
Between.Described fish food includes: Aristichthys nobilis 12 tail of about 300g/every mu, silver carp 8 tail of about 200g
/ every mu, Carassius auratus summer flower 200 tail/every mu, Ctenopharyngodon idellus 3 tail of about 300g/every mu.
In the finished product production phase of the present invention, including following process: four age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann point sex put in a suitable place to breed
Cultivating in the big water surface water body of foodstuff, this coverage of water is 100-120 mu.Preferably breeding density is
50-300/every mu.Described cultivation foodstuff is cultivated selected from above by live body Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann food breeding phase.Optimum
Selection of land, described finished product produces overall process and does not throw something and feed external source bait, is main by the shrimp that lives of predation voluntarily.Pass through
The trophophase of preferably at least 1 year, i.e. lists at least through after 1 hibernation period, and whole process is the most in addition
Medicine controls.
General merchandise Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivates based on freshwater aquiculture, and the raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann of the present invention uses micro-salty and weak base
Property water cultivation.Wherein, salinity controls at 2-4 about ‰ so that it is internal glutamic acid, aspartic acid, third
The free Fresh ear field content such as propylhomoserin, glycine is higher；And alkalescent water (pH controls at 7.4-8.7
Between) not only reduce the existence of pathogenic microorganism, it is also possible to improve its metabolism, be of value to product
Matter improves, this delicious mouthfeel creating its uniqueness and quality.To water quality requirement in the method for the present invention
Higher, reach national health cultivation standard, substantially increase edible safety.
The cultivation of general merchandise Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann can be carried out medicine control when there is disease, or only enter at Seedling Stage
Row natural selection selects, and the cultivation of the raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann of the present invention, whole process does not impose any disease resistance medicine,
Reduce the artificial control to naturalness simultaneously, allow it grow under conditions of field, from seedling
Sick and weak individuality is eliminated, through the nature of continuous more than 5 years to constantly accepting natural environment during finished product Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Eliminate Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann resistance against diseases height, the body constitution stalwartness survived；And any hormone of artificial interpolation, does not has
Antibiotic etc is had to remain, safe and harmless, green health.
It is greenhouse cultivation that the cultivation of existing general goods Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann typically has two kinds: one, i.e. overall process adds temperature control,
Form 1 year commodity Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann (10 months)；Another kind is segmentation cultivation, i.e. carries out in the seedling culture stage
Greenhouse heating controls, and shortens the growth of seedling time, after finished product, puts into outdoor pond culture,
Form 2 years commodity Trionyx sinensis Wiegmanns (15-18 month).And the raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann of the present invention is used omnidistance field dew
It growing technology, the cultivating process after hatching, do not carry out any temperature control, overwintering, cultivate
The commodity Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann of more than 5 years.Such mode makes its speed of growth effectively be delayed, and body constitution is not good for
The sick and weak Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann of health can be eliminated by overwintering；Survive the winter through field can also make meat taste more preferably, battalion
Support to be worth and improve.
As it was previously stated, the method for the present invention is set up on the basis of fine-variety breeding and the big water surface, prey on voluntarily
The natural selection method of live body aquatic animal (shrimp that lives is main) maintains raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann hunger intensity, allows it live
Momentum increases, and has tempered the wild nature of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, and its body constitution is improved so that finished product Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann ferociousness is quick, color
Pool light, the generous toughness in shirt rim is good, lean, meat is hard.Meanwhile, the speed of growth is effectively prolonged
Slow so that relatively with the common Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann of weight, the raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann time limit is longer, and meat, mouthfeel and tonic effect are more
For excellence, it is the continuity to wild Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann improved seeds and raising.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but the present invention is not limited to following
Embodiment.Described method is conventional method if no special instructions.Described raw material is if no special instructions
All can be either commercially available from open.
Embodiment 1
1, breed breeding:
1. wild river, the locality nurse ground beetle selecting Ningbo Yao Jiang mono-band breeds；
2. the color and luster with Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is good, vigor is high, it is moderate to grow, within more than 8 years, anosis hinder the bars such as profile is complete
The close Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann that 1. part selecting step breeds is as raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann parent；Specifically, select vitality strong,
Premunition is strong, and shirt rim is generous, and body constitution is excellent, and the speed of growth is moderate more than 8 years, anosis hinder profile
Complete Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is as parent Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.
2, the hatching of ovum: annual late May parent Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann starts to lay eggs, the egg size amount for hatching will be
About 3.5-5.5g, complete, transparent, bright, can significantly distinguish one from the other animal pole and vegetative pole.Incubate
Changing case specification is: 60cm × 60cm × 18cm, and hatching material uses clean sand.Selected Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Egg was through 31-33 DEG C of Constant temperature hatch about 50 days, and little Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann pips, and the young Trionyx sinensis of broken shell weighs about 3.5-5.0g/
Only.
3, children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is cultivated: puts into field children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann after young Trionyx sinensis well-chosen and cultivates pond.Field children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivates pond
Area at 900 square meters, the depth of water between 0.4m-1.0m, every square meter throw in young Trionyx sinensis 30, use
Deep-sea Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder and starch are main foodstuff, cultivate under the most outdoor state.Stop to during October
For food, entering the first hibernation period of nearly 7 months, Second Year recovered, for food, to stop November during May
Only for food, entering second hibernation period of about 6 months, in May, the 3rd, Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann heavily can reach about
160-200g/ only, referred to as two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, whole process is not thrown something and fed, is thrown in disease resistance medicine.By two ages
Children's Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann male and female separately, render to wild long Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann big water surface water body, and this big water surface coverage of water is 100 mu,
The depth of water, between 1.0-2.0m, throws in two children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann 300-500 in age only (preferably 300-400 is only) for every mu,
Using the live body aquatic animal mode that the shrimp that preys on voluntarily to live is main to cultivate, live body aquatic animal is Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Movable water body in cultivation shrimp, Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc..Put nearly 2 years in a suitable place to breed, period
Up to about 400-500g/ only experience after two hibernation periods weight again, young Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann now can be described as four age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.
Whole process is not thrown something and fed, is thrown in disease resistance medicine.
4, live body Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann food is cultivated: annual May carries out the cultivation of shrimp at the water body of 100 mu, holds concurrently simultaneously and supports
The live body aquatic animals such as Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and Ctenopharyngodon idellus.What shrimp was mainly put in a suitable place to breed is Penaeus vannamei,
Selecting secondary Seedling, density is 5-6 ten thousand tail/every mu, and size is between 0.8-1.0cm, in annual May
Part puts Seedling；Aristichthys nobilis 12 tail of about 300g/every mu simultaneously, silver carp 8 tail of about 200g/every mu,
Carassius auratus summer flower 200 tail/every mu, Ctenopharyngodon idellus 3 tail of about 300g/every mu, fry is in annual 3 months
The last ten-days period put Seedling.
5, finished product produces: four age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann male and female separately, put in a suitable place to breed and cultivate in the big water surface water body that Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann eats,
This coverage of water is 100 mu, breeding density be 50-150 only/every mu, overall process is not thrown something and fed external source bait
Material, is main by the shrimp alive of predation voluntarily, grows 2 years and i.e. list after 2 hibernation periods, whole process
The most in addition medicine controls.
6, results: annual 9, prawn in October is fished in right amount, but the surplus of shrimp Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann to be met
Having the shrimp foodstuff alive of abundance, when Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann enters hibernation period, shrimp has the most gradually caught；Annual November is to respectively
Plant fish to carry out fishing for results.After Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann at least grows 5 years, Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann can be fished for listing.
7, water quality requirement: use unique brackish water to cultivate, by external source river and exchange in time water by
Salinity controls at 2-4 ‰；Employing alkalescent water is cultivated, and pH is between 7.4-8.7；And carry out mistake entirely
The water quality monitoring of journey, indices reaches country's non-nuisance water standard, e.g., the clean nothing of water quality
Industrial pollution, transparency is at about 25cm, dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤0.02mg/L, nitrous acid
Salt≤0.1mg/L.Regulating and controlling water quality is mainly by using the multiple-microorganism system such as quick lime and EM bacterium
Agent is adjusted, safe and harmless.
8, natural selection method: produce cultivate overall process the most outdoor in the case of, use nature wash in a pan
Eliminate method, medicine control is not given for Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann disability, disease and processes, enter immediately after being found to have the Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann that dies of illness
Row buries process.
The raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann vigor so obtained is good, bright in color, and the generous toughness in shirt rim is good, lean, meat
Matter is hard.Relative to the common Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann of same weight, raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann growth year is longer, nutrition, mouthfeel and tonic merit
Imitate the most excellent.
Embodiment 2
1, breed breeding:
1. wild river, the locality nurse ground beetle selecting Ningbo Yao Jiang mono-band breeds；
2. the color and luster with Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is good, vigor is high, it is moderate to grow, within more than 8 years, anosis hinder the bars such as profile is complete
The close Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann that 1. part selecting step breeds is as raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann parent；Specifically, select vitality strong,
Premunition is strong, and shirt rim is generous, and body constitution is excellent, and the speed of growth is moderate more than 8 years, anosis hinder profile
Complete Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is as parent Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.
2, the hatching of ovum: annual late May parent Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann starts to lay eggs, the egg size amount for hatching will be
Between 3.5-5.5g, complete, transparent, bright, can significantly distinguish one from the other animal pole and vegetative pole.Incubate
Changing case specification is: 60cm × 60cm × 18cm, and hatching material uses clean sand.Selected Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Egg was through 31-33 DEG C of Constant temperature hatch about 50 days, and little Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann pips, and the young Trionyx sinensis of broken shell weighs about 3.5-5.0g/
Only.
3, children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is cultivated: selection vigor young Trionyx sinensis good, undamaged is put into field children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann and cultivated pond.Field
Children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivates area 800 square meter in pond, and the depth of water is between 0.4m-1.0m, and every square meter throws in young Trionyx sinensis 25
Only, it is main foodstuff with deep-sea Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder and starch, cultivates under the most outdoor state.To October
Time stop, for food, entering the first hibernation period of nearly 7 months, recover for food during Second Year May, 10
Stop during month for food, enter second hibernation period of nearly 7 months, in May, the 3rd, Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann weight
Can reach about 160-200g/ only, referred to as two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, whole process is not thrown something and fed, is thrown in disease resistance medicine.
By two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann male and female separately, render to wild long Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann big water surface water body, this big water surface coverage of water is 120
Mu, the depth of water, between 1.0-2.0m, is only thrown in children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann 400-500, is used and prey on voluntarily with work for every mu
The live body aquatic animal mode that shrimp is main is cultivated, and live body aquatic animal is to cultivate in the movable water body of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann
Shrimp, Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc..Putting nearly 2 years in a suitable place to breed, period experiences two hibernation periods again
Rear heavy up to about 400-500g/ only, young Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann now can be described as four age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.Whole process do not throws something and feeds,
Throw in disease resistance medicine.
4, live body Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann food is cultivated: annual May carries out the cultivation of shrimp at the big water surface water body of 120 mu, with
Time hold concurrently live body aquatic animals such as supporting Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and Ctenopharyngodon idellus.What shrimp was mainly put in a suitable place to breed is that South America is white
Prawn, selects secondary Seedling, and density is 5-6 ten thousand tail/every mu, and size is between 0.8-1.0cm, often
May in year puts Seedling；Aristichthys nobilis 12 tail of about 300g/every mu simultaneously, silver carp 8 tail of about 200g/
Every mu, Carassius auratus summer flower 190 tail/every mu, Ctenopharyngodon idellus 3 tail of about 300g/every mu, fry is annual 3
The middle ten days and the last ten days moon puts Seedling.
5, finished product produces: four age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann male and female separately, put in a suitable place to breed and cultivate in the big water surface water body that Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann eats,
This coverage of water is 120 mu, breeding density be 50-300 only/every mu, overall process is not thrown something and fed external source bait
Material, is main by the shrimp alive of predation voluntarily, grows 3 years and i.e. list after 3 hibernation periods, whole process
The most in addition medicine controls.
6, results: annual 9, prawn in October is fished in right amount, but the surplus of shrimp Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann to be met
Having the shrimp foodstuff alive of abundance, when Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann enters hibernation period, shrimp has the most gradually caught；Annual November is to respectively
Plant fish to carry out fishing for results.After Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann at least grows 5 years, Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann can be fished for listing.
7, water quality requirement: use unique brackish water to cultivate, by external source river and exchange in time water by
Salinity controls at 2-4 ‰；Employing alkalescent water is cultivated, and pH is between 7.4-8.7；And carry out mistake entirely
The water quality monitoring of journey, indices reaches country's non-nuisance water standard, e.g., the clean nothing of water quality
Industrial pollution, transparency is at about 25cm, dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤0.02mg/L, nitrous acid
Salt≤0.1mg/L.Regulating and controlling water quality is mainly by using the multiple-microorganism system such as quick lime and EM bacterium
Agent is adjusted, safe and harmless.
8, natural selection method: produce cultivate overall process the most outdoor in the case of, use nature wash in a pan
Eliminate method, medicine control is not given for Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann disability, disease and processes, enter immediately after being found to have the Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann that dies of illness
Row buries process.
It should be noted that above-described embodiment is used only to illustrate the technical characteristic of the present invention, it not to use
Limit the scope that the present invention is claimed.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any at base of the present invention
The improvement made on plinth and change, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a production breeding method for raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, described method includes that breed breeding, the hatching of ovum, children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann are cultivated and the stage such as finished product production, it is characterised in that described production breeding method all uses open field to grow, described breed breeding in the following way:
A () selects wild river, the locality nurse ground beetle of Ningbo Yao Jiang mono-band to breed；
B () is good using the color and luster of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, vigor is high, it is moderate to grow, within more than 8 years, anosis hinder close Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann that conditions selecting step (a) such as profile is complete breed as raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann parent.
Production breeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described breeding method is in the type of rearing that children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is cultivated and the employing of finished product production phase is identical or different.Wherein, (1) children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann breeding phase, use deep-sea Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder and starch etc. be foodstuff cultivate obtain two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, use the live body aquatic animal mode that the shrimp that preys on voluntarily to live is main to cultivate acquisition four children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann in age afterwards；Preferably, described live body aquatic animal is shrimp, Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and the Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc. of cultivation in the movable water body of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.Start to cultivate described live body aquatic animal about more preferably annual May.(2) the finished product production phase, use the live body aquatic animal mode that the shrimp that preys on voluntarily to live is main to cultivate, and according to Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann age, size, fish for and deposit pool situation, preferably finished product cultivate density 50-300 only/mu scope.
Production breeding method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described cultivation is carried out in micro-salty and alkalescent water.Wherein, by external source river and in time exchange water make salinity control at 2-4 ‰, pH controls between 7.4-8.7.In addition, also whole process carries out water quality monitoring, and indices reaches country's non-nuisance water standard.
Production breeding method the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the described cultivation water surface selects the big water surface to cultivate.Specifically, single water body is about 100-120 mu.
Production breeding method the most according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that use natural selection in described production breeding method.Specifically, in the overall process cultivated, the most artificially add any hormone, do not use antibiotic etc to carry out disease and pest control, the sick and weak individuality of natural selection.
Production breeding method the most according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that in the breed breeding stage, strong with vitality, premunition is strong, and shirt rim is generous, and body constitution is excellent selects standard as first, and the speed of growth is then secondary principle.
Preferably, in the incubation period of ovum, start the egg produced for annual late May parent Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, select weight at about 3.5-5.5g, complete, transparent, bright, can substantially distinguish the Chinese terrapin egg egg as hatching of animal pole and vegetative pole, described hatching material uses clean sand.Preferably, described hatching is carried out in incubator, and the preferred specification of described incubator is: 60cm × 60cm × 18cm.In the present invention, described selected Chinese terrapin egg was through 31-33 DEG C of Constant temperature hatch about 50 days, and little Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann pips, it is thus achieved that weigh about 3.5-5.0g/ young Trionyx sinensis only.
Preferably, in children's Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann breeding phase, including following process:
(1) pond is cultivated by putting into field children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann after above-mentioned young Trionyx sinensis well-chosen；Deep-sea Erythroculter ilishaeformis powder and starch etc. is used to cultivate for foodstuff；Preferably cultivate under open field state.Preferably, the area in described field children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivation pond is within 1000 square meters, and the depth of water is preferably between 0.4m-1.0m.More preferably every square meter throws in young Trionyx sinensis about 30；
(2) through the cultivation of about two years (preferably about 22 months), period through twice, the hibernation period that the most about some months (preferably 6-7 month) is not taken food, it is thus achieved that Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann heavily can reach about 160-200g/ only two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann；
(3) by described two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann male and female separately, render to wild long Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann big water surface water body (preferably putting into big water surface water body in annual May), use the live body aquatic animal mode that the shrimp that preys on voluntarily to live is main to cultivate.This big water surface coverage of water described is preferably 100-120 mu；The depth of water is preferably between 1.0-2.0m.Described live body aquatic animal is shrimp, Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and the Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc. of cultivation in the movable water body of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.Throw in two age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann 300-500 for preferably every mu.
(4) putting cultivation in a suitable place to breed through nearly 2 years (preferably about 22 months), period is experienced twice again, the hibernation period that the most about some months (preferably 6-7 month) is not taken food, it is thus achieved that Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann heavily can reach about 400-500g/ only four age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann.Most preferably, the principle of selecting of described young Trionyx sinensis is that vigor is good, not damaged.Most preferably, at whole children's Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann breeding phase, do not throw something and feed, throw in disease resistance medicine.
Production breeding method the most according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that in the finished product production phase, including following process: four age children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann point sex put in a suitable place to breed cultivate Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann food big water surface water body in, preferably this coverage of water is 100-120 mu.Preferably breeding density is 50-300/every mu.Most preferably, described finished product produces overall process and does not throw something and feed external source bait, is main by the shrimp that lives of predation voluntarily.
Through the trophophase of preferably at least a year, i.e. listing after 1 hibernation period, whole process the most in addition medicine controls.
It is highly preferred that described cultivation bait is cultivated by live body Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann food breeding phase.It is more preferred still that described live body Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann food breeding phase includes following process: carry out the cultivation of shrimp in the big water surface water body of 100-120 mu, live body aquatic animals such as supporting Carassius auratus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis and Ctenopharyngodon idellus of holding concurrently simultaneously.After Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann (such as young Trionyx sinensis or children Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann) spends hibernation period, preferably carry out the cultivation of Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann food in (preferably annual May).It is highly preferred that described shrimp food is cultivated and is cultivated after annual May.Described fry is cultivated after annual mid or late March.Most preferably, described shrimp food is selected from Penaeus vannamei, and the most secondary Seedling, density is 5-6 ten thousand tail/every mu, and size is between 0.8-1.0cm.Described fish food includes: Aristichthys nobilis 12 tail of about 300g/every mu, silver carp 8 tail of about 200g/every mu, Carassius auratus summer flower 200 tail/every mu, Ctenopharyngodon idellus 3 tail of about 300g/every mu.
8. a raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, it is characterised in that described raw sheet Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann is obtained by the method breeding of any one of claim 1-7.
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