CN105861120B - 一种可降解的高性能润滑油组合物 - Google Patents

一种可降解的高性能润滑油组合物 Download PDF

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CN105861120B
CN105861120B CN201610217266.0A CN201610217266A CN105861120B CN 105861120 B CN105861120 B CN 105861120B CN 201610217266 A CN201610217266 A CN 201610217266A CN 105861120 B CN105861120 B CN 105861120B
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ester
microbial inhibitor
lubricating oils
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CN105861120A (zh
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周宇浩
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Zhou Yuhao
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种可降解的高性能润滑油组合物，所述组合物的原料组成及其重量份数为：合成酯80～95份、分散剂0.0001～0.04份、抗氧剂1～10份、极压抗磨剂1～8份、抗泡剂0.0001～0.04份、防锈剂0.0001～0.04份、黏度指数改进剂1～10份、微生物抑制剂0.0001～0.04份、聚六亚甲基胍0.0001～0.004份。本发明组合物的复合协调作用，尤其是微生物抑制剂的加入，山梨酸分子能与微生物细胞酶系统中的巯基结合，从而达到抑制微生物生长，抑制好氧的细菌；在润滑系统内正常工作时，微生物抑制剂可有效抑制微生物对组合物的分解；当组合物泄露到环境中后，微生物抑制剂会在光照、水分等作用下快速失效，同时改变组合物pH值，促进降解的进行。

Description

一种可降解的高性能润滑油组合物
技术领域
本发明属于润滑油技术领域，尤其是涉及一种可降解的高性能润滑油组合物。
背景技术
润滑油是用在各种类型发动机、轴承、仪表等机械设备上以减少摩擦，保护机械及加工件的液体润滑剂，主要起润滑、冷却、防锈、清洁、密封和缓冲等作用。
随着环保形势的日益严峻，我国已开始推行越来越严格的移动源污染物排放控制管理制度，欧美等发达国家更是对汽车、轮船等的润滑油泄露量进行了严格限制，旨在改变润滑油对空气、水、土壤等人类赖以生存的自然环境的影响。
现有润滑油技术中，由于生物降解性能差，正面临着环境要求的严峻挑战。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术的不足，提供一种可降解的高性能润滑油组合物。该组合物可满足现今环保形势需求，生物降解性能优良。
本发明提供一种可降解的高性能润滑油组合物，所述组合物的原料组成及其重量份数为：合成酯80～95份、分散剂0.0001～0.04份、抗氧剂1～10份、极压抗磨剂1～8份、抗泡剂0.0001～0.04份、防锈剂0.0001～0.04份、黏度指数改进剂1～10份、微生物抑制剂0.0001～0.04份、聚六亚甲基胍0.0001～0.004份。
进一步，所述的微生物抑制剂为山梨酸钾和/或山梨酸钠。
进一步，所述的合成酯为6～14碳二元酸的二异辛基酯、三羟甲基丙烷与6～14碳二元酸及异辛醇的复酯、季戊四醇与6～14碳二元酸及异辛醇的复酯、双季戊四醇与6～14碳二元酸及异辛醇的复酯中的一种或几种。
进一步，所述的分散剂为丁二酰亚胺、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺、聚乙丁烯胺、聚醚胺、丁二酸酯、硼化聚乙丁烯胺中的一种或几种。
进一步，所述的抗氧剂为N-苯基-α-萘胺、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二烷基二硫代胺基甲酸盐、烷基化二苯胺、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、苯三唑、2,4-二(正辛基硫亚甲基)6-甲基苯酚、二硫代胺基甲酸酯中的一种或几种。
进一步，所述的极压抗磨剂为硫化异丁烯、烷基苄苯基硫化物、氯化石蜡、硫化烷基酚钙、磷酸三甲酚酯、磷酸三苯酯中的一种或几种。
进一步，所述的抗泡剂为甲基硅油、丙烯酸酯中的一种或几种。
进一步，所述的防锈剂为十二烯基丁二酸、环烷酸锌、二聚酸、羊毛脂、失水山梨醇单油酸酯、聚氧乙烯壬基酚醚、二壬基萘磺酸钡的一种或几种。
进一步，所述的黏度指数改进剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚异丁烯、氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物、乙丙共聚物中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供一种如上述的可降解的高性能润滑油在发动机上的应用。本发明采用的润滑油组合物可很好地应用于发动机上，与现有技术相比，具体优点如下：
1.本发明组合物的复合协调作用，尤其是微生物抑制剂山梨酸分子的加入，能与微生物细胞酶系统中的巯基结合，从而达到抑制微生物生长，抑制好氧的细菌；同时聚六亚甲基胍堵塞了微生物的呼吸通道，使微生物迅速窒息而死；在润滑系统内正常工作时，微生物抑制剂可有效抑制微生物对组合物的分解；当本发明组合物泄露到环境中后，微生物抑制剂会在光照、水分等作用下快速失效，同时改变组合物pH值，促进降解的进行；
2.组合物使用范围宽泛，使用温度可达-60℃～250℃，粘度指数高达170以上；
3.本发明的可降解性，可有效改善因发动机烧机油导致的排放增加问题，更能解决机油泄露对自然环境造成的污染问题。
具体实施方式
本发明一种可降解的高性能润滑油组合物，所述组合物的原料组成及其重量份数为：合成酯80～95份、分散剂0.0001～0.04份、抗氧剂1～10份、极压抗磨剂1～8份、抗泡剂0.0001～0.04份、防锈剂0.0001～0.04份、黏度指数改进剂1～10份、微生物抑制剂0.0001～0.04份、聚六亚甲基胍0.0001～0.004份。
其中，微生物抑制剂和聚六亚甲基胍的配合使用，对于本发明的可降解是重要的。在环境湿度大于50％、温度大于20℃情况下，该组合物可在1～3个月内被微生物分解，降解率可达90％。优选的，所述的微生物抑制剂为山梨酸钾和/或山梨酸钠，山梨酸分子能与微生物细胞酶系统中的巯基结合，从而达到抑制微生物生长，抑制好氧的细菌；同时聚六亚甲基胍堵塞了微生物的呼吸通道，使微生物迅速窒息而死；在润滑系统内正常工作时，微生物抑制剂可有效抑制微生物对组合物的分解；当组合物泄露到环境中后，微生物抑制剂会在光照、水分等作用下快速失效，同时改变组合物pH值，促进降解的进行。
下面通过具体实施例来进一步说明本发明的组合物。
采用常规制备方法制备如表1中所规定成分的组合物。
该组合物在这里被称为样品1、样品2、样品3和样品4。
表1 样品1-4中各原料的添加量
对各样品进行理化指标评定，评定结果如表2。
表2 样品1-4的评定结果
由表2可看出，本发明各项性能指标均优良，组合物使用范围宽泛，使用温度可达-60℃～250℃，粘度指数高达170以上。
尤其可降解率高，效果显著。
本发明可用其他的不违背本发明的精神或主要特征的具体形式来概述。因此，无论从哪一点来看，本发明的上述实施方案都只能认为是对本发明的说明而不能限制本发明，权利要求书指出了本发明的范围，而上述的说明并未指出本发明的范围，因此，在与本发明的权利要求书相当的含义和范围内的任何改变，都应认为是包括在本发明的权利要求书的范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种可降解的高性能润滑油组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物的原料组成及其重量份数为：合成酯80～95份、分散剂0.0001～0.04份、抗氧剂1～10份、极压抗磨剂1～8份、抗泡剂0.0001～0.04份、防锈剂0.0001～0.04份、黏度指数改进剂1～10份、微生物抑制剂0.0001～0.04份、聚六亚甲基胍0.0001～0.004份；
所述的微生物抑制剂为山梨酸钾和/或山梨酸钠。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的合成酯为6～14碳二元酸的二异辛基酯、三羟甲基丙烷与6～14碳二元酸及异辛醇的复酯、季戊四醇与6～14碳二元酸及异辛醇的复酯、双季戊四醇与6～14碳二元酸及异辛醇的复酯中的一种或几种。
3.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的分散剂为丁二酰亚胺、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺、聚乙丁烯胺、聚醚胺、丁二酸酯、硼化聚乙丁烯胺中的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的抗氧剂为N-苯基-α-萘胺、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌、二烷基二硫代胺基甲酸盐、烷基化二苯胺、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、苯三唑、2,4-二(正辛基硫亚甲基)6-甲基苯酚、二硫代胺基甲酸酯中的一种或几种。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的极压抗磨剂为硫化异丁烯、烷基苄苯基硫化物、氯化石蜡、硫化烷基酚钙、磷酸三甲酚酯、磷酸三苯酯中的一种或几种。
6.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的抗泡剂为甲基硅油、丙烯酸酯中的一种或几种。
7.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的防锈剂为十二烯基丁二酸、环烷酸锌、二聚酸、羊毛脂、失水山梨醇单油酸酯、聚氧乙烯壬基酚醚、二壬基萘磺酸钡的一种或几种。
8.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述的黏度指数改进剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚异丁烯、氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物、乙丙共聚物中的一种或几种。
9.一种如权利要求1所述的可降解的高性能润滑油组合物在发动机上的应用。
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