CN105815551A - Method for preparing nonreactive environment-friendly feed through synergistic fermentation of bacterium enzymes - Google Patents
Method for preparing nonreactive environment-friendly feed through synergistic fermentation of bacterium enzymes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing nonreactive environment-friendly feed through synergistic fermentation of bacterium enzymes and belongs to the technical field of solid-state fermentation feed.Bean pulp, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, bran and folium artemisiae argyi powder are mixed to serve as a fermentation substrate, the fermentation substrate is inoculated with fermentation liquor prepared from yeast, bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, lactobacillus plantarum, acid proteinase and cellulase, the fermentation substrate obtained after inoculation is put in packaging bags with respiration films, the packaging bags are sealed and put in a constant-temperature fermentation chamber and then stacked, and the nonreactive environment-friendly feed is prepared through constant-temperature fermentation.Low-value agricultural and sideline products and Chinese herbal medicine which are cheap and easy to obtain are treated through the bioengineering technology, the production cost is low, antinutritional factors in the fermentation substrate can be efficiently degraded, beneficial viable bacteria in fermentation materials are rich, nutrients are rich, the effect of improving the immunity of fed animals is achieved, the concentration of ammonia in a livestock and poultry breeding house is remarkably reduced, and the safe and environment-friendly feed is provided for nonreactive breeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of solid fermentation feedstuff, be specifically related to a kind of method that bacterium enzyme synergic fermentation prepares nonreactive environment-protecting feed.
Background technology
China is animal husbandry big country in the world and Feed Manufacturing big country all the time, and Chinese feedstuff total output in 2015 creates the highest again and breaks through 200,000,000 tons, and the office whole world is the first.China is again that feed consumption big country, animal husbandry and feed industry maintain sustained and rapid growth simultaneously, has formed a large amount of imports of dependence such as high-quality protein feed raw material such as bean cake and could meet the supply that internal feed produces.China is again traditional agricultural planting big country simultaneously, China's cotton rapeseed cake annual production can reach 13,000,000 tons, other miscellaneous dregs of rice yield reach 800 degree ten thousand tons, the various antinutritional factor content contained due to these grouts resources are higher, can to growth of animal, grow and breeding etc. produces obvious harmful effect, therefore can not get sufficiently utilizing.In the face of increasingly serious animal husbandry and people strive grain and the animal husbandry development situation by the serious restriction of feedstuff supply, develop unconventional water resources resource, improve the utilization rate of feedstuff, extremely the most urgent.
On the other hand, China's aquaculture large-scale cultivation degree is the highest, and antibiotic, in order to be not subjected to cultivate epidemic disease loss, is considered as animal health and the insurance barrier of cultivation income by corporate boss, and in aquaculture, abuse of antibiotics is the most universal.Raising along with people's Consciousness of food security, the food safety of China's livestock products is the most increasingly paid attention to by the numerous common people, these livestock products antibiotic remainss of meat, eggs and milk generally exceed standard and have become as the shade that people's health be can't get rid of, and nonreactive health livestock products has become as the direction of this epoch inevitable development.In JIUYUE, 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture formally issues No. 2292 files, prohibits 4 kinds of veterinary drugs and uses in food animal is raised, progressively opens the nonreactive feedstuff epoch of China.
The severe situation faced based on above aquaculture, the agricultural byproducts resources such as the substantial amounts of unconventional grouts of trans-utilization China, realize effective lifting of low value agricultural byproducts feeding value, Development and Production has the functional type nonreactive feedstuff of raising letting animals feed resistance and has highly important facilitation to the development of feed industry, animal husbandry sum, simultaneously significant to reducing livestock products food safety risk.
The existing mode developing the grouts resources such as cotton rapeseed cake mainly uses single fermenting raw materials groove or fermenting tank for fermentation, and the most independent rapeseed cake or cottonseed meal ferment in fermentation tank or fermentation vat as after substrate inoculation strain.Chinese Patent Application No. 201210157981.1 " detoxifying agent for cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal and preparation method thereof and the preparation method of microbiological feed made with this detoxifying agent " discloses employing cottonseed meal or rapeseed meal, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran inoculation is through the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria of activation in the water adding glucose, bacillus bifidus and bacillus acidophilus's compound bacteria, the complete rear material of combined inoculation seals anaerobic fermentation, carry out dry in the sun after fermenting 3-5 days and obtain fermented product, this technical scheme has the most only selected a kind of raw material in cottonseed meal or rapeseed meal, and production operation process is more, when finally needing dry in the sun actual large-scale production, operation easier is bigger.
The progressive breakthrough of fermentation technique, create respiratory membrane fermentation technique, the feedstuff of microbe inoculation can put into the packaging bag sealing and fermenting with respiratory membrane, owing to respiratory membrane has unidirectional vapour transmission, the gas in fermentation bag can be discharged outside fermentation bag from respiratory membrane, and extraneous air cannot be introduced in fermentation bag, solve the problem that sealing and fermenting aerogenesis causes fermentation bag to burst, meanwhile, respiratory membrane effectively stops extraneous harmful miscellaneous bacteria to enter in bag, it is ensured that in bag, fermentation is safely controllable.So greatly reduce the fixed investment of production process, on the other hand make sweat more controllable, ferment more abundant, product is without dried, reduce processing charges, at utmost remain the bioactive nutrients of tunning, be a kind of highly effective and economic fermentation process mode.
On the other hand, Chinese herbal medicine has a long history in the application of China, have accumulated and enrich and the experience of preciousness, increasingly received publicity along with the problem of aquaculture antibiotic in recent years, Chinese herbal medicine becomes all the more the important directions of exploitation nonreactive feedstuff, Chinese herbal medicine result of study in cultivation shows, Chinese herbal medicine has promotion animal growth, prevent and cure diseases, Ginkgo Biloba, improve the features such as breeding performonce fo animals, and have no drug resistance in use, noresidue, have no side effect, so being applied to abundant Chinese herbal medicine cheap and easy to get in nonreactive cultivation substitute chemical synthetic drug, antibiotics additive will have prospect widely.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, accordingly, a kind of method that bacterium enzyme synergic fermentation prepares nonreactive environment-protecting feed is provided, by the agricultural byproducts raw materials such as resourceful low value grouts and Chinese herbal medicine being carried out enzymolysis processing of fermenting, improve the utilization rate of low value agricultural byproducts, prepare antinutritional factor palliating degradation degree high, the absorption high, easy to digest of probiotic bacteria content, without antibiotic medicine, strengthen letting animals feed resistance, the nonreactive environment-protecting feed of ammonia concentration in breeding house can be reduced, it is achieved nonreactive cultivates.
For reaching object above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method that bacterium enzyme synergic fermentation prepares nonreactive environment-protecting feed, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) the required composite bacteria liquid of preparation fermentation；
(2) the required complex enzyme liquid of preparation fermentation；
(3) fermentation substrate dispensing:
(4) carrying out after mix homogeneously makes fermentation liquid, adding to inoculation mixing in fermentation substrate by 1:1 equal proportion by complex enzyme liquid in composite bacteria liquid in step (1) and step (2), fermentation substrate is 0.8～1.8:1 with the weight ratio of fermentation liquid；
(5) packaging: be incorporated with in the packaging bag of respiratory membrane by the material inoculated in step (4), seals packaging bag enclosing；
(6) temperature controlled fermentation: be transferred to the most packaged material in step (5) in ferment at constant temperature room stack, keep ferment at constant temperature room temperature 20 DEG C～35 DEG C, get product after stacking fermentation 24～60 hours；
In described step (1), compound bacteria includes yeast, bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Lactobacillus plantarum, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: yeast 15～30 parts, bacillus subtilis 22～34 parts, Brevibacillus laterosporus 8～24 parts, Lactobacillus plantarum 22～38 parts, above-mentioned compound bacteria is all added activation in the warm water of 35～40 DEG C and within 0.5～1.5 hour, makes bacterium number 0.5 × 107～1.0 × 108The composite bacteria liquid of individual/milliliter；
Compound enzyme in described step (2) includes acid protease and cellulase, and the weight portion of each component is acid protease 10～25 parts, cellulase 15～20 parts, all add above-mentioned compound enzyme activation in the warm water of 40～45 DEG C and within 0.5～1.5 hour, make enzyme and live the complex enzyme liquid of 200～1100U/ milliliters；
In described step (3), fermentation substrate includes bean cake, rapeseed cake, cottonseed meal, wheat bran and Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: bean cake 15～25 weight portion, rapeseed cake 20～40 weight portion, cottonseed meal 20～40 weight portion, wheat bran 5～15 weight portion, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 1～5 weight portion.
Method as above, it is preferable that in described step (1), yeast is one or both in saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1) bean cake, rapeseed cake and cottonseed meal bacterium ferment treatment by fermentation in fermentation substrate, antinutritional factor is significantly degraded, and can be fully used, and the people and animals alleviating aquaculture existence strive the predicament of grain, are effectively improved the value of agricultural byproducts.
(2) respiratory membrane packaging bag is used to carry out pack fermentation, owing to respiratory membrane has unidirectional vapour transmission, gas in fermentation bag can be discharged outside fermentation bag from respiratory membrane, extraneous air cannot be introduced in fermentation bag, solve the problem that sealing and fermenting aerogenesis causes fermentation bag to burst, meanwhile, respiratory membrane effectively stops extraneous harmful miscellaneous bacteria to enter in bag, it is ensured that in bag, fermentation is safely controllable.
(3) production process saves dry link, saves the energy and processing cost, meanwhile, also substantially avoid when probiotics is dried dead, also solve the problem that the thermal sensitivity Biofunctional beneficiating ingredient of fermentable metabolism generation is inactivated by high temperature drying.
(4) owing to the product after fermentation is rich in Biofunctional tunnings such as high activity probiotics, little peptide, lactic acid, UGFs, product is easier to digest and assimilate, and palatability is more preferable.In product, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder composition has good nutrition health-care functions, be conducive to the growth promoter of poultry and improve resistance against diseases, the color and luster of the meat egg milk product of cultivated animals can be improved, for natural nuisanceless excellent toner, having the effect of obvious driving away mosquito, and energy animal repelling endoparasite, suppression worm's ovum is survived in animal wastes, thus prevent secondary pollution, it may have improve the advantages such as animal product quality.Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder is easy to get inexpensive, and cost is relatively low.After nonreactive environment-protecting feed prepared by detoxification the inventive method, the ammonia concentration in breeding house can be reduced, alleviate environmental pollution, the purpose of nonreactive environment-protecting cultivation can be realized further.
Use nonreactive environment-protecting feed prepared by the inventive method, little peptide content >=10%, lactic acid >=2%, useful viable count >=1 × 108, glucosinolate degradation rate >=65%, free gossypol degradation rate >=75%.
The nonreactive environment-protecting feed prepared of said method is used to carry out after contrast test feeds 1 month through livestock and poultry farm, the livestock and poultry cultivation house ammonia concentration feeding above-mentioned nonreactive environment-protecting feed reduces by more than 50% than the livestock and poultry cultivation house ammonia concentration not feeding above-mentioned nonreactive environment-protecting feed, greatly improving feeding environment, letting animals feed is more healthy.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe technology and the feature of the present invention below by way of specific embodiment in detail, but these embodiments are not limited to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: a kind of method that bacterium enzyme synergic fermentation prepares nonreactive environment-protecting feed, comprises the steps:
(1) the required composite bacteria liquid of preparation fermentation；
This compound bacteria includes yeast, bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Lactobacillus plantarum, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: 23 parts of yeast, bacillus subtilis 22 parts, Brevibacillus laterosporus 11 parts, Lactobacillus plantarum 38 parts, above-mentioned compound bacteria is all added activation in the warm water of 40 DEG C and within 0.5 hour, makes bacterium number 1.0 × 108The composite bacteria liquid of individual/milliliter；
(2) the required complex enzyme liquid of preparation fermentation；
This compound enzyme includes acid protease and cellulase, and the weight portion of each component is acid protease 20 parts, cellulase 17 parts, above-mentioned compound enzyme all adds activation in the warm water of 42 DEG C and within 1.5 hours, makes the complex enzyme liquid of enzyme 200U/ milliliter alive；
(3) fermentation substrate dispensing:
This fermentation substrate includes bean cake, rapeseed cake, cottonseed meal, wheat bran and Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: bean cake 15 weight portion, rapeseed cake 40 weight portion, cottonseed meal 40 weight portion, wheat bran 15 weight portion, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 5 weight portion；
(4) carrying out after mix homogeneously makes fermentation liquid, adding to inoculation mixing in fermentation substrate by 1:1 equal proportion by complex enzyme liquid in composite bacteria liquid in step (1) and step (2), fermentation substrate is 1.8:1 with the weight ratio of fermentation liquid；
(5) packaging: be incorporated with in the packaging bag of respiratory membrane by the material inoculated in step (4), seals packaging bag enclosing；
(6) temperature controlled fermentation: be transferred to the most packaged material in step (5) in ferment at constant temperature room stack, keep ferment at constant temperature room temperature 35 DEG C, get product after stacking fermentation 60 hours.
Method as above, it is preferable that in described step (1), yeast is one or both in saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis.
Using nonreactive environment-protecting feed prepared by the inventive method, little peptide content is 20.4%, and lactic acid is 3.2%, and useful viable count is 1.6 × 109, glucosinolate degradation rate is 78.5%, and free gossypol degradation rate is 83.7%.
Using the nonreactive environment-protecting feed prepared of said method to carry out after contrast test feeds 1 month through pig farm, the pig house ammonia concentration feeding above-mentioned nonreactive environment-protecting feed reduces by 64.6% than the pig house ammonia concentration not feeding above-mentioned nonreactive environment-protecting feed.
Embodiment 2: a kind of method that bacterium enzyme synergic fermentation prepares nonreactive environment-protecting feed, comprises the steps:
(1) the required composite bacteria liquid of preparation fermentation；
This compound bacteria includes yeast, bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Lactobacillus plantarum, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: 30 parts of yeast, bacillus subtilis 34 parts, Brevibacillus laterosporus 8 parts, Lactobacillus plantarum 22 parts, above-mentioned compound bacteria is all added activation in the warm water of 37 DEG C and within 1 hour, makes bacterium number 0.7 × 107The composite bacteria liquid of individual/milliliter；
(2) the required complex enzyme liquid of preparation fermentation；
This compound enzyme includes acid protease and cellulase, and the weight portion of each component is acid protease 25 parts, cellulase 15 parts, above-mentioned compound enzyme all adds activation in the warm water of 45 DEG C and within 1 hour, makes the complex enzyme liquid of enzyme 600U/ milliliter alive；
(3) fermentation substrate dispensing:
This fermentation substrate includes bean cake, rapeseed cake, cottonseed meal, wheat bran and Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: bean cake 20 weight portion, rapeseed cake 30 weight portion, cottonseed meal 20 weight portion, wheat bran 9 weight portion, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 3 weight portion；
(4) carrying out after mix homogeneously makes fermentation liquid, adding to inoculation mixing in fermentation substrate by 1:1 equal proportion by complex enzyme liquid in composite bacteria liquid in step (1) and step (2), fermentation substrate is 1.3:1 with the weight ratio of fermentation liquid；
(5) packaging: be incorporated with in the packaging bag of respiratory membrane by the material inoculated in step (4), seals packaging bag enclosing；
(6) temperature controlled fermentation: be transferred to the most packaged material in step (5) in ferment at constant temperature room stack, keep ferment at constant temperature room temperature 28 DEG C, get product after stacking fermentation 42 hours.
Method as above, it is preferable that in described step (1), yeast is one or both in saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis.
Using nonreactive environment-protecting feed prepared by the inventive method, little peptide content is 18.7%, and lactic acid is 2.5%, and useful viable count is 0.9 × 109, glucosinolate degradation rate is 71.7%, and free gossypol degradation rate is 84.3%.
Using the nonreactive environment-protecting feed prepared of said method to carry out after contrast test feeds 1 month through chicken farm, the hen house ammonia concentration feeding above-mentioned nonreactive environment-protecting feed reduces by 70.2% than the hen house ammonia concentration not feeding above-mentioned nonreactive environment-protecting feed.
Embodiment 3: a kind of method that bacterium enzyme synergic fermentation prepares nonreactive environment-protecting feed, comprises the steps:
(1) the required composite bacteria liquid of preparation fermentation；
This compound bacteria includes yeast, bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Lactobacillus plantarum, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: 15 parts of yeast, bacillus subtilis 28 parts, Brevibacillus laterosporus 24 parts, Lactobacillus plantarum 22 parts, above-mentioned compound bacteria is all added activation in the warm water of 35 DEG C and within 1.5 hours, makes bacterium number 0.5 × 107The composite bacteria liquid of individual/milliliter；
(2) the required complex enzyme liquid of preparation fermentation；
This compound enzyme includes acid protease and cellulase, and the weight portion of each component is acid protease 10 parts, cellulase 20 parts, above-mentioned compound enzyme all adds activation in the warm water of 40 DEG C and within 0.5 hour, makes the complex enzyme liquid of enzyme 1100U/ milliliter alive；
(3) fermentation substrate dispensing:
This fermentation substrate includes bean cake, rapeseed cake, cottonseed meal, wheat bran and Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: bean cake 25 weight portion, rapeseed cake 20 weight portion, cottonseed meal 28 weight portion, wheat bran 5 weight portion, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 1 weight portion；
(4) carrying out after mix homogeneously makes fermentation liquid, adding to inoculation mixing in fermentation substrate by 1:1 equal proportion by complex enzyme liquid in composite bacteria liquid in step (1) and step (2), fermentation substrate is 0.8:1 with the weight ratio of fermentation liquid；
(5) packaging: be incorporated with in the packaging bag of respiratory membrane by the material inoculated in step (4), seals packaging bag enclosing；
(6) temperature controlled fermentation: be transferred to the most packaged material in step (5) in ferment at constant temperature room stack, keep ferment at constant temperature room temperature 20 DEG C, get product after stacking fermentation 24 hours.
Method as above, it is preferable that in described step (1), yeast is one or both in saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis.
Using nonreactive environment-protecting feed prepared by the inventive method, little peptide content is 16.5%, and lactic acid is 2.7%, and useful viable count is 0.6 × 109, glucosinolate degradation rate is 69.3%, and free gossypol degradation rate is 79.4%.
Using the nonreactive environment-protecting feed prepared of said method to carry out after contrast test feeds 1 month through pig farm, the pig house ammonia concentration feeding above-mentioned nonreactive environment-protecting feed reduces by 56.4% than the pig house ammonia concentration not feeding above-mentioned nonreactive environment-protecting feed.
Claims (2)
1. the method that a bacterium enzyme synergic fermentation prepares nonreactive environment-protecting feed, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) the required composite bacteria liquid of preparation fermentation；
(2) the required complex enzyme liquid of preparation fermentation；
(3) fermentation substrate dispensing:
(4) carrying out after mix homogeneously makes fermentation liquid, adding to inoculation mixing in fermentation substrate by 1:1 equal proportion by complex enzyme liquid in composite bacteria liquid in step (1) and step (2), fermentation substrate is 0.8～1.8:1 with the weight ratio of fermentation liquid；
(5) packaging: be incorporated with in the packaging bag of respiratory membrane by the material inoculated in step (4), seals packaging bag enclosing；
(6) temperature controlled fermentation: be transferred to the most packaged material in step (5) in ferment at constant temperature room stack, keep ferment at constant temperature room temperature 20 DEG C～35 DEG C, get product after stacking fermentation 24～60 hours；
In described step (1), compound bacteria includes yeast, bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus and Lactobacillus plantarum, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: yeast 15～30 parts, bacillus subtilis 22～34 parts, Brevibacillus laterosporus 8～24 parts, Lactobacillus plantarum 22～38 parts, above-mentioned compound bacteria is all added activation in the warm water of 35～40 DEG C and within 0.5～1.5 hour, makes bacterium number 0.5 × 107～1.0 × 108The composite bacteria liquid of individual/milliliter；
Compound enzyme in described step (2) includes acid protease and cellulase, and the weight portion of each component is acid protease 10～25 parts, cellulase 15～20 parts, all add above-mentioned compound enzyme activation in the warm water of 40～45 DEG C and within 0.5～1.5 hour, make enzyme and live the complex enzyme liquid of 200～1100U/ milliliters；
In described step (3), fermentation substrate includes bean cake, rapeseed cake, cottonseed meal, wheat bran and Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder, and each ingredients weight parts is respectively as follows: bean cake 15～25 weight portion, rapeseed cake 20～40 weight portion, cottonseed meal 20～40 weight portion, wheat bran 5～15 weight portion, Folium Artemisiae Argyi powder 1～5 weight portion.
The method that a kind of bacterium enzyme synergic fermentation the most as claimed in claim 1 prepares nonreactive environment-protecting feed, it is characterised in that in described step (1), yeast is one or both in saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis.
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