CN105794574A - Method for preventing and controlling water and soil loss of sloping field by intercropping ginkgoes and Chinese herbaceous peonies - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling water and soil loss of sloping field by intercropping ginkgoes and Chinese herbaceous peonies Download PDFInfo
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- CN105794574A CN105794574A CN201610208952.1A CN201610208952A CN105794574A CN 105794574 A CN105794574 A CN 105794574A CN 201610208952 A CN201610208952 A CN 201610208952A CN 105794574 A CN105794574 A CN 105794574A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
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- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling water and soil loss of a sloping field by intercropping ginkgoes and Chinese herbaceous peonies, and belongs to the technical field of water and soil environment protecting and crop planting.According to the method, the ginkgoes and Chinese herbaceous peonies which are high in stress resistance, good in water and soil conservation effect and obvious in economic benefit are selected for intercropping through massive screening, bio-organic fertilizer is taken as main fertilizer in the planting process, sunlight, rainwater, land saving and the interdependence relation between the plants are fully utilized, the efficient and ecological modes such as forest (the ginkgoes) and medicine (the Chinese herbaceous peonies) intercropping, tall-short matching and shading for growth promoting are adopted, the plant canopy density is increased, the water and soil loss is decreased, and nitrogen and phosphorus loss is controlled and reduced; meanwhile, the disease and pest damage resistance of the forest and the medicine is improved, the yield is increased, and the good economic benefit is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil and water resources protection and proportion of crop planting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method preventing and treating Topographic factor by catch cropping Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae.
Background technology
Soil erosion causes that soil fertility declines, water-holding capacity weakens, and is widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area and body eutrophication " source ".At present, the measure preventing and treating Topographic factor both at home and abroad is broadly divided into engineering measure and Ecological Measures.Engineering measure includes building retaining ditch and embankment, drainage ditch on slope, water storage works on slope and terraced fields etc., this kind of measure can be blocked soil water-retention to a certain extent and be reached the purpose of water and soil preventing and treating, but there is quantities effort big, time-consuming and economy and the shortcoming such as ecological benefits are undesirable.Ecological Measures is divided into again soil measure and agricultural measures, soil measure is directed in soil to apply the synthetic such as soil conditioner, fixative, reach to improve the purpose of Soil structure, fixing soil, reduction soil erosion, this kind of measure compensate for the shortcoming of the time-consuming effort of engineering measure to a certain extent, but there is also the problems such as cost of labor height, ecological risk be big；Agricultural measures is to follow the water and soil prevention and control measure implemented in ecological material round-robin basis, including deep ploughing, Contour ploughing, crop cover covering, field, RidgeZuo district and plant hedge etc..The advantages such as it is low that such measure has cost, and seriality is strong, profitable on ecology, are widely used and popularization in arid hillside field soil erosion and Ides On Prevention And Control of Regional Pollution field.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that it is an object of the invention to provide new preventing and treating Topographic factor, the method adopts the agricultural measures of catch cropping Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae, only effectively do not prevent and treat the soil erosion in hillside fields and the eutrophication of water body, but also create bigger Economic Benefits of Crops.
Method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:
1) wholely, basal dressing: selecting the hillside fields of height above sea level 200～1500m, draining is good, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, soil containing humus or sandy soil, ploughs deeply 20～30cm, execute farm manure 1500kg for every mu, then the wide railway carriage or compartment of 1.2m, furrow width 30cm, ditch depth 20cm are opened；
2) nursery and plantation: Semen Ginkgo, Radix Paeoniae all March early and middle ten days plant, Semen Ginkgo individual plant cave plant, Radix Paeoniae division propagation；Selecting relatively to become Radix Paeoniae in age, cut processed by big or middle for root bar, cut from brood cell's base portion downward 5cm place cutter, every piece keeps 2～3, bud head, Radix Paeoniae is planted according to spacing in the rows 50cm, line-spacing 90cm cave, and every cave plants a strain, and bud head is upwards, earthing covers tightly, and waters and oozes reality, and ridging is survived the winter；Semen Ginkgo Seedling is 3 years raw seedlings, plants according to spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 200cm cave, two row Radix Paeoniaes of planting between every two row Semen Ginkgo Seedlings；
3) topdress: arrange to topdress with 3 years for a cycle, topdress every year twice, First Year: during March, early and middle ten days combined, weeding executes decomposed manure 400～600kg/ mu, imposes 10～15 kgs/acre of carbamide August；Second Year and the 3rd year: late Febuary～March executes decomposed manure 400～600 kgs/acre, executes decomposed manure 300～400kg/ mu November；
4) other field management: carry out disease, worm, grass preventing and treating.
Preferably, described farm manure is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight proportion: animal dung 40～55%, rape cake fertilizer 20～40%, Folium Ginkgo 10～15%, N:P:K are the compound fertilizer 2～10% of 3:1:3.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is by a large amount of screenings, finally select strong stress resistance, soil and water conservation effect is good, the obvious Semen Ginkgo of economic benefit and Radix Paeoniae carry out catch cropping, based on biological organic fertilizer in planting process, make full use of illumination, rainwater, save land, relation of interdependence between plant, adopt woods (Semen Ginkgo) medicine (Radix Paeoniae) catch cropping, height is arranged in pairs or groups, growth promoting of shading etc. are ecomodel efficiently, improve the canopy density of plant, reduce soil erosion, control and reduce the loss of nitrogen phosphorus, improve woods simultaneously, the disease pest and weed resistance of medicine, add yield, achieve good Benefits in economic and social terms.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
By the following examples the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
1) wholely, basal dressing: selecting the hillside fields of height above sea level 200～1500m, draining is good, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, soil containing humus or sandy soil, ploughs deeply 20～30cm, execute farm manure 1500kg for every mu, then open the wide railway carriage or compartment of 1.2m, furrow width 30cm, ditch depth 20cm, three ditches are supporting；Described farm manure is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight proportion: animal dung 50%, rape cake fertilizer 30%, Folium Ginkgo 12%, N:P:K are the compound fertilizer 8% of 3:1:3.
2) nursery and plantation: Semen Ginkgo, Radix Paeoniae all March early and middle ten days plant, Semen Ginkgo individual plant cave plant, Radix Paeoniae division propagation；Selecting relatively to become Radix Paeoniae in age, cut processed by big or middle for root bar, cut from brood cell's base portion downward 5cm place cutter, every piece keeps 2～3, bud head, Radix Paeoniae is planted according to spacing in the rows 50cm, line-spacing 90cm cave, and every cave plants a strain, and bud head is upwards, earthing covers tightly, and waters and oozes reality, and ridging is survived the winter；Semen Ginkgo Seedling is 3 years raw seedlings, plants according to spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 200cm cave, two row Radix Paeoniaes (as shown in Figure 1) of planting between every two row Semen Ginkgo Seedlings；
3) topdress: arrange to topdress with 3 years for a cycle, topdress every year twice, First Year: during March, early and middle ten days combined, weeding executes decomposed manure 500kg/ mu, imposes 10 kgs/acre of carbamide August；Second Year and the 3rd year: late Febuary～March executes decomposed manure 500 kgs/acre, executes decomposed manure 300kg/ mu November；
4) other field management:
Looking into lack and fill the gaps with seedlings: after spring neat Seedling, polishing is short of seedling, every mu retains 4500～5000 strains.
Middle weeding: adopt manual method to eliminate weeds in field, 4,8,9,10 artificial weedings at least four times.Should not loosen the soil by plant, it is to avoid hinder root.
Water management: water once after plantation.Afterwards such as arid, it should water, remain ground moistening.During excessive rainfall, should drain the water away in time, in case rotten.
Main diseases and insect pests is prevented and treated: according to the general policy of " putting prevention first; integrated control ", based on cultural control, according to disease pest generation, law of development, because of time, treatment in accordance with local conditions, the measures such as reasonable utilization Biological control, physical control, chemical prevention, economical, safely, effectively, disease and pest control easily, reduce the loss that all kinds of pest and disease damage causes.Applied Biotechnology, carries out rotation of crops crop rotation, strengthens rich water quality management, protect bio-diversity and ecological environment, keep the sustainability of production development.
Cultural control: preferentially adopt agricultural measures, by nurturing staff, strengthens the series of measures such as cultivation management, middle weeding, cleaning field, plays the effect preventing and treating disease pest.Create suitable growing environment condition.Cultivate of the right age strong sprout, improve resistance: in field production, adhere to two plough two rakes, zanjon height furrow, be strictly on guard against accumulated water, accomplish to be conducive to vine growth and development, thoroughly remove weeds and reduce its chance of moving into, reduce and avoid infectious disease to occur.Focus on invalid selecting good strains in the field for seed during seed selection after results and stay anosis seed, send out the speckle initial stage and extract sick leaf.Rationally effectively arrange crop rotation, disease control can be played the effect of significantly inhibiting.
Biological control: for improving the ecological environment, notes protection and cultivates, utilizes natural enemy, Protect natural enemies, utilizing birds, Serpentis, Rana nigromaculata, coccinella septempunctata etc..
Physical control a: frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is installed on every 50 mu of ground in field；Utilize the alatae worm happiness custom to yellow motion, the physical measure insect-killing trappings (aphid) such as Yellow sticky trap are installed, reduce worm source, reduce insect population radix.
Chemical prevention: Pesticide use should meet the regulation of NY/T393.
Gray mold is prevented and treated: harm leaf, stem, flower.Occur serious after generally spending, leaf portion scab brown subcircular, there is irregular laminated striation, scab fusiformis on stem, puce, plant lodging after soft corruption；The soft corruption of browning color after perianth harm, it has one layer of Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt mustiness thing.Following prevention and controls can be adopted:
1. removing branch and leaf in spite of illness, concentration is burnt；
2. field hydrops is prevented；
3. morbidity just sprays preventing and treating with 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture, and every 10 days once, even spray 3～4 times.
Rust is prevented and treated: the first tenday period of a month in May occur, and 7～August, harm was serious.Originally yellow, yellowish-brown graininess uredium occur at blade back, there is circular and irregular brown scab in later stage blade face, and the teleutosorus of setiform then occurs in the back side.Following prevention and controls can be taked:
1. selection of land gesture is high and dry, plants in excessively drained field；
2. clear up field, concentrate and burn invalid branch and leaf；
3. their early stage spray 0.3 degree of lime sulfur of Baume or 400 times of liquid of 97% sulfonat or 15% triadimefon wettable powder are prevented and treated.
Insect pest: often have the harm such as Holotrichia diomphalia Bates, grub, Formica fusca.Following prevention and controls can be taked:
1. physical control: black light lamp or frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp trapping.
2. chemical prevention: utilize biology or botanical pesticide to carry out pest control.
Pick and process: after transplanting 3,4 years, during the beginning of autumn to White Dew, dug Radix Paeoniae root, remove stem and leaf and silt, scrape off crust with bamboo knife or bowl sheet, separate by large, medium and small, be respectively put in boiled water and boil 5～15 minutes, the time that big bar boils is longer, the time that little bar boils is shorter, boils and feels like jelly can pull out to Peony Root, scrapes off crust with bamboo knife or bowl sheet, put rinsing (in clear water, every 50kg puts 60g Alumen) in clear water again, then dry or dry.
Test example
1. data acquisition
In Yu Zui village, Anyang town, Yun County, Shiyan City, Demonstration Base carries out Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae catch cropping, and catch cropping engineering started in 2013, runs on July 30th, 2015；Blank Semen Maydis is comparison, and implantation time is consistent with Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode.During whole test, gather the rainwash that each natural precipitation produces, and record the data such as rainfall, rain time, run-off.
Rainwash water sample diversity method: after single rainfall terminates, takes the clear liquid in the plastics reception basin between afflux groove and daily water level recorder, repeats aggregate sample 600ml three times, adds 4ml concentrated sulphuric acid, terminates microbial activities, be used for measuring nitrogen nutrient；In each runoff process, divide 3 runoff samples in runoff yield initial stage, mid-term and later stage, 3 aggregate sample 600mL, it is used for measuring sediment charge.
Rainwash solid phase (silt) gathers: single rainfall terminates, after gathering water sample, with plastic tube by when in afflux pond, supernatant is drawn to quick-drying, by poly-for the mud in pond state sample collection to Plastic Drum, static, after clarifying, discard the stillness of night, collect silt, 45 DEG C of dry preservations of confession, it is used for measuring nitrogen nutrient.
Water sample and silt nitrogen nutrient measure: the total nitrogen (WTN) in water sample adopts alkaline chitinase to clear up ultraviolet spectrophotometry (GB11894-89) and measures, solubility total nitrogen (WDN) be by water sample after 0.45 μm of membrane filtration, National Standard Method GB11894-89 is adopted to measure, true nitrogen (WAN) with by nitrogen (WNN) be by water sample after 0.45 μm of membrane filtration, employing flow injection analysis measures, particulate form nitrogen (WPN)=WTN-WDN.Silt sample total nitrogen (STN), available nitrogen (SEN), slightly nitrogen (SAN) uses 2MkCl lixiviate, flow injection analysis with measuring by nitrogen (SNN).
2. data calculate and analyze
1) water, soil number of dropouts computational methods
Single time rainfall flow path surface measures and calculates: after runoff process terminates every time, measures the degree of depth of rainwash in afflux pond, then is multiplied by afflux pond cross-sectional area with this depth value and obtains the flow path surface of single time rainfall.
Soil loss amount measures and calculates: every time in runoff process, divides 3 sub-samplings, employing to filter in runoff yield initial stage, mid-term and later stage and measures sediment charge in runoff for dry method, the product of sediment charge meansigma methods Yu run-off the soil obtaining single time rainfall invades candle amount.
Year flow path surface calculating: collect single flow path surface sum in year and obtain divided by runoff plots area
In formula, M: flow path surface (m3/hm2) in year, A: runoff plots area (m2)
Year soil loss amount calculating: collecting single soil loss amount sum in year and obtain divided by runoff plots area, calculating formula is as follows:
In formula, W: flow path surface (t/km2) in year
Wj: jth time time rainfall soil loss amount (kg), j=l, 2,3 ... ..m
A: runoff plots area (m2)
2) year total nitrogen, total phosphorus loss load computational methods
A. single time rainfall runoff total nitrogen or total phosphorus number of dropouts calculate:
Rj=Mj Cj/1000
In formula, Rj: single time rainfall runoff community runoff total nitrogen or total phosphorus number of dropouts (kg)
Ci: jth time time rainfall rainwash total nitrogen or total phosphorus concentration (kg/L)
B. annual flow total nitrogen or total phosphorus loss load calculate:
In formula, R: annual flow total nitrogen or total phosphorus lose load (kg/hm2)
C. single time rainfall silt total nitrogen or total phosphorus number of dropouts calculate:
Gj=Mj θ j
In formula, Rj: single time rainfall runoff community silt total nitrogen or total phosphorus number of dropouts (kg)
θ j: jth time time rainfall silt total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentration (g/kg)
D. year silt total nitrogen or different shape nitrogen discharge carry calculation:
In formula, G: year silt total nitrogen or different shape nitrogen discharge load (kg/hm2)
F. year total nitrogen or different shape nitrogen discharge load:
T=R+G
In formula, T: year total nitrogen or different shape nitrogen discharge load (kg/hm2)
3. operation analysis
Catch cropping engineering started in 2013 to start building to build, and ran on July 30th, 2015, and when natural precipitation, demonstration project testing site, Yu Zui village, Anyang town, Yun County produces footpath, earth's surface 30 times respectively, wherein, within 2013, test period 11 times, within 2014, test period 12 times, 2015 7 times.Each date processing generation time rainfall and rainfall are in Table 1.
The rain time of table 1 experimental period runoff yield and rainfall
4. sloping upland effect of soil loss is analyzed
(1) effect analysis of rainwash is controlled
As shown in Table 2, engineering operation, after 3 years, compared with compareing with Semen Maydis, under Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode, can generally reduce sloping upland rainwash, increase soil rain-water accumulating accumulated amount.For processing with regard to each, after First Year catch cropping, its rainwash minimizing amount is slightly above Semen Maydis control treatment, and its main cause is Ginkgo arbor, and growth fraction Semen Maydis is slow, and plants to survive and be limited in year 1 year, and branch and leaf are less.Though Radix Paeoniae just shows good growing way at First Year, but whole runoff plots is in the coverage too late comparison on the contrary in rainy season, does not therefore show minimizing rainwash at the test initial stage, increases the effect of soil rainwater accumulation.But it is found that along with the prolongation of growth cycle, under Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode, rainwash control effect significantly improves in the Monitoring Data of 2014.Between deal with lower minimizing earth's surface flow and reduce amplitude relative to Semen Maydis control treatment and reached 12.2%, illustrate to deal with between Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae and can better control rainwash In the view of for a long time.Its main cause is Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae is perennial plant, and Second Year growth is more luxuriant, it is possible to effectively control the loss of rainwash.
Table 2 Semen Ginkgoes+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode impact on rainwash
Note: "-" represents fewer than comparison, and effect is just, "+" representing more than comparison, effect is zero, lower same.
(2) effect analysis of soil losses is controlled
As shown in Table 3, compared with compareing with Semen Maydis, in dealing with between Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae, soil loss amount in 2013 is 1.31t/hm2, higher by 19.1% than comparison, and its main cause is that Ginkgo Growing is slower than Semen Maydis.But, 2014, along with the growth of Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae, its root system relatively Semen Maydis is more flourishing, and in causing that Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae in 2014 processes, its soil loss amount is down to 1.04t/hm2, process slightly below Semen Maydis, illustrate to deal with between Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae and can effectively suppress sloping upland soil losses in long-term.Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae belong to perennial plant, and along with the further growth of Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae root system, its soil loss amount will further decrease.This also indicate that Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode in long-term scope, be control the effective model that surface soil runs off.
Table 3 Semen Ginkgoes+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode controls the effect of soil losses
(3) effect analysis to the resistance control of nitrogen phosphorus
1. on the impact of total nitrogen, total phosphorus concentration in runoff
For inquire into the catch cropping engineering control effect to sloping upland nitrogen phosphorus, according to rainfall data, choose 2013,2014,2015 chronological table rainfall runoffs study the total nitrogen in its rainwash, total phosphorus content change.As can be seen from Table 1, the main runoff in region residing for catch cropping engineering produces the time mainly in annual 5-8 month, and therefore, emphasis is chosen concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in annual 5-8 month rainwash and analyzed.As shown in table 4, compared with Semen Maydis control treatment, under the Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode of the plantation same period in 2013, in May its rainwash, total nitrogen content compares with Semen Maydis and is closer to, but after July, in its rainwash, total nitrogen content is substantially less than Semen Maydis control treatment, its main cause can owing to corn planting apply fertilizer caused by.By 2014, continuous growth along with Semen Ginkgo and perennial Radix Paeoniae, branch and leaf are luxuriant gradually, earth's surface coverage is increased further, to in August, 2014, total nitrogen content in its rainwash reduced further than 2013, illustrates that Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae catch cropping can also effectively suppress rainwash nitrogen discharge, but it is slower to take effect.By 2015, along with the further growth of Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae, covered ground degree increased further, also reduce further the content of nitrogen in runoff.From 3 years rainwashes, the meansigma methods of total nitrogen concentration is it can also be seen that compared with plantation conventional crop, Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode can effectively reduce the nitrogen content in rainwash.
Table 4 Semen Ginkgoes+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode is on the impact of total nitrogen concentration in runoff water
Table 5 is that Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode is on the impact of total phosphorus concentration in rainwash.As shown in table 5, in 2013, compared with Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae catch cropping compares with Semen Maydis, seedling stage is sent out in May, the data of comprehensive 2013,2014 and 2015 can be seen that, under Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode, in runoff, total nitrogen concentration is slightly below Semen Maydis blank, and its main cause still can be attributed to caused by Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae growth relatively slowly.These are as a result, it was confirmed that compared with common crops cropping pattern, Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae catch cropping can more efficiently control sloping upland rainwash nitrogen and phosphorus content.
Table 5 Semen Ginkgoes+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode is on the impact of total phosphorus concentration in runoff water
2. the impact on nitrogen and phosphorus loss total amount
Table 6 is Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode impact on sloping upland N and P losses total amount.Result of study shows, in 2013, under Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode, total nitrogen number of dropouts reduces 10.63kg/hm2 than Semen Maydis control treatment, and reduction amplitude is 32.7%.2014, Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode total nitrogen number of dropouts reduced 13.42kg/hm2 than Semen Maydis control treatment, and reduction amplitude is 41.3%.These are it is shown that compared with planting with conventional crop, Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode can significantly improve sloping upland nitrogen control effect.
Table 6 shows, under Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping modes in 2013, total phosphorus number of dropouts is higher than Semen Maydis control treatment, and its total phosphorus number of dropouts adds 0.13kg/hm2 compared with compareing with Semen Maydis, and increasing degree is 11.9%.Its reason can be attributed to Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae cropping pattern and compare with Semen Maydis and be closer to, but the growth of Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae is relatively slow, and the fixing absorbability of runoff and Soil Phosphorus is lower slightly.But in 2014, along with the growth of Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae, its savings nitrogen phosphorus ability strengthens, from data it can be seen that Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode in 2014, total phosphorus number of dropouts is lower than Semen Maydis control treatment, and reduction amplitude is 20.6%.
Table 6 Semen Ginkgoes+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode impact on sloping upland N and P losses total amount
5. the assessment of economic benefit under Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode
Owing to Semen Ginkgo, Radix Paeoniae are perennial plant, for obtaining economic benefit to greatest extent, by the end of in July, 2015, all do not gather in.But according to specific yield and Chinese Medicinal Materials Markets price, its economic benefit can be assessed.From statistical result it can be seen that the Semen Maydis control treatment output value in 2013 is 3.2 ten thousand/hm2, within 2014, it is 3.4 ten thousand/hm2.Compared with Semen Maydis control treatment, the production value of Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode is above Semen Maydis control treatment.Wherein, 2013 and 2014, the average production value under Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode was 4.2 ten thousand/hm2, higher by 27.3% than Semen Maydis control treatment.It can thus be seen that the economic benefit of Semen Ginkgo+Radix Paeoniae intercropping mode to be significantly larger than common agricultural plantation.
Claims (2)
1. the method by catch cropping Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae preventing and treating Topographic factor, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) wholely, basal dressing: selecting the hillside fields of height above sea level 200～1500m, draining is good, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, soil containing humus or sandy soil, ploughs deeply 20～30cm, execute farm manure 1500kg for every mu, then the wide railway carriage or compartment of 1.2m, furrow width 30cm, ditch depth 20cm are opened；
2) nursery and plantation: Semen Ginkgo, Radix Paeoniae all March early and middle ten days plant, Semen Ginkgo individual plant cave plant, Radix Paeoniae division propagation；Selecting relatively to become Radix Paeoniae in age, cut processed by big or middle for root bar, cut from brood cell's base portion downward 5cm place cutter, every piece keeps 2～3, bud head, Radix Paeoniae is planted according to spacing in the rows 50cm, line-spacing 90cm cave, and every cave plants a strain, and bud head is upwards, earthing covers tightly, and waters and oozes reality, and ridging is survived the winter；Semen Ginkgo Seedling is 3 years raw seedlings, plants according to spacing in the rows 100cm, line-spacing 200cm cave, two row Radix Paeoniaes of planting between every two row Semen Ginkgo Seedlings；
3) topdress: arrange to topdress with 3 years for a cycle, topdress every year twice, First Year: during March, early and middle ten days combined, weeding executes decomposed manure 400～600kg/ mu, imposes 10～15 kgs/acre of carbamide August；Second Year and the 3rd year: late Febuary～March executes decomposed manure 400～600 kgs/acre, executes decomposed manure 300～400kg/ mu November；
4) other field management: carry out disease, worm, grass preventing and treating.
2. as claimed in claim 1 by the method for catch cropping Semen Ginkgo and Radix Paeoniae preventing and treating Topographic factor, it is characterised in that: described farm manure is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight proportion: animal dung 40～55%, rape cake fertilizer 20～40%, Folium Ginkgo 10～15%, N:P:K are the compound fertilizer 2～10% of 3:1:3.
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| CN113075753A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Mountain torrent protection method and monitoring system based on terraced fields for intercepting surface runoff |
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| CN113075753A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Mountain torrent protection method and monitoring system based on terraced fields for intercepting surface runoff |
| CN115053779A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-09-16 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Cultivation method of orchard intercropping medicinal peony |
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