CN1057844A - 制备嘧啶核苷酸的方法 - Google Patents
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- CN1057844A CN1057844A CN91104528A CN91104528A CN1057844A CN 1057844 A CN1057844 A CN 1057844A CN 91104528 A CN91104528 A CN 91104528A CN 91104528 A CN91104528 A CN 91104528A CN 1057844 A CN1057844 A CN 1057844A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
- C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
- C07H19/09—Pyrimidine radicals with arabinosyl as the saccharide radical
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
- C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/20—Antivirals for DNA viruses
- A61P31/22—Antivirals for DNA viruses for herpes viruses
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Abstract
提供了一种制备式(I)化合物或其盐的方法,其
中R1为氢或C1-C4烷基,该方法包括使式(II)的
化合物与一种试剂反应,该试剂用于在嘧啶碱的5-
位上引入式-C≡CR1的炔基(其中R1如上所限
定),该反应在N1-N6烷基吗啉存在下进行,其中所
述吗啉的烷基部分可被烷氧基或卤素任意取代,然后
可任意地转化成一种盐。
Description
本发明涉及一种制备嘧啶核苷酸的方法,具体说是5-炔基取代的核苷酸如1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-丙-1-炔基尿嘧啶。
文献(Tetrahedron Vol.43 No.20,pp4601-8,1987)中公开了在制备(E)-5-(2-溴乙烯基)-2′-脱氧尿苷过程中由2′-脱氧-5-碘代尿苷制备(E)-5-(2-碳甲氧基乙烯基)-2′-脱氧尿苷中间体的方法。文献(Nucleic Acid Research Vol.15(16),1987)中公开了由2′-脱氧-5-碘代尿苷制备5-(3-苯二甲酰亚氨丙炔)-2′-脱氧尿苷的方法。
欧洲专利公开272068中公开了1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-丙-1-炔基尿嘧啶在治疗疱疹病毒感染(特别是由引起带状疱疹和水痘的水痘带状病毒引起的感染)中的应用,该欧洲专利公开公开了制备1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-(丙炔-1-基)尿嘧啶的各种方法,包括使1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-碘代尿嘧啶与一种或多种适当的试剂反应以保护糖基上的羟基,然后引入所需的丙炔基。然后必须脱去羟基的保护部分,以得到未保护的核苷酸。
本发明的头一个特征是提供一种制备某些5-炔基嘧啶阿拉伯糖核苷的方法,它包括如下所述的由5-碘代类似物开始的一个反应步骤。该方法糖基部分的羟基不需要保护。本发明的第二个特征是提供一种方法,该方法中由起始物质尿苷产生终产物的产率大于23%。本发明的第三个特征是提供一种方法,该方法中终产物的纯度大于99%。本发明的第四个特征是提供一种方法,该方法可在10-30℃的温度范围内进行。
本发明提供一种制备式(Ⅰ)化合物或其盐的方法,
其中R1为氢或C1-C4烷基,该方法包括使式Ⅱ的化合物与一种试剂反应,该试剂用于在嘧啶碱的5-位引入式-C≡CR1的炔基(其中R1如上所限定),该反应在N1-N6烷基吗啉或所述烷基部分被烷氧基(如C1-C6烷氧基,特别是C1-C4烷氧基)或卤素取代的烷基吗啉存在下进行;如果所得化合物是式(Ⅰ)化合物,可任意地在反应之后或同时将其转化成一种盐,或如果所得化合物是一种盐,可任意地在反应之后或同时将其转化成一种不同的盐或式(Ⅰ)化合物。
所述吗啉的烷基部分可以是直链、支链或环状。
式Ⅰ化合物可如下制备:例如,使式Ⅱ化合物与气体或液体形式的所述试剂在催化剂和任选的共催化剂存在下,在选自N1-N6烷基吗啉(更好是选自N1-N4烷基吗啉)的溶剂中在10-30℃的温度范围内进行反应。
所述试剂可以是具有末端炔基部分的任何适当的炔基(保护或未保护)。这类试剂的例子如引入乙炔基的TMS乙炔(保护)、用于引入丙炔基的丙炔气(未保护)或用于引入丁炔基的丁炔气(未保护)。优选的催化剂为钯(Ⅱ)盐如乙酸钯或氯化钯,芳族配体可任意地存在或与之结合,芳族配体例如三苯基膦、四苯基膦-0或三-(0-甲苯基)膦,例如二三苯基膦氯化钯(Ⅱ)。优选的共催化剂为金属离子例如铜离子(Ⅰ)如囟化铜,特别是碘化铜、氯化铜或溴化铜。最为优选的催化剂和共催化剂为乙酸钯(Ⅱ)三苯基膦复合物,和碘化铜(Ⅰ)。优选的溶剂为N-甲基吗啉,更优选N-乙基吗啉和N-丙基吗啉。优选的反应温度为20-25℃。
R1为丙炔基的式Ⅰ化合物可如下制备:试剂为丙炔气,在乙酸钯(Ⅱ)、三苯基膦和碘化铜(Ⅰ)的存在下在N-乙基吗啉中在约25℃下反应。
式Ⅰ或Ⅱ的化合物包括其互变异构体形式。
以下实例用于说明本发明,决不是对本发明的限制。
实例1
1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-(丙-1-炔基)尿嘧啶
a)2,2′-脱水-1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)尿嘧啶
将尿苷(10g,0.04mole)溶于20ml热的无水二甲基甲酰胺中,并加入10ml二乙基碳酸酯(0.08mole)和0.2g碳酸氢钠。将该溶液搅拌并加热至130℃,直至付产品的乙醇蒸馏(约2.5小时)。冷却后,在快速搅拌下将该溶液用20ml甲醇稀释。滤出所得固体,用甲醇洗涤,得到标题化合物,为白色结晶,熔点为235-240℃。
b)1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)尿嘧啶
将步骤a)的产物(7.0g,0.03mole)溶于14ml 2.5M氢氧化钠中。在室温下搅拌3小时后,通过滴加80%乙酸将溶液酸化至pH4-5。在5℃下搅拌1小时后,滤出固体,用100ml乙醇/水洗涤,得到1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)尿嘧啶,为白色结晶,熔点为220-223℃。
c)1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-碘代尿嘧啶
将步骤b)的产品(3.0g,12.3mmole)、1.6g碘(11.8mmole)和12ml 1.5M硝酸在60℃下一起激烈搅拌4小时。冷却后,过滤分离出一种结晶固体,用醚彻底洗涤以除去多余的碘。将该固体在水中重结晶,得到1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-碘代尿嘧啶,为白色结晶,熔点为191-193℃(分解)。
d)1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-(丙-1-炔基)尿嘧啶
在搅拌下将步骤c)的产物(3.7g,0.01mole)与N-乙基吗啉(45ml),乙酸钯(Ⅲ)0.045g(0.2mmol),三苯基膦0.1g(0.4mmol),和碘化铜0.19g(1mmole)混合。加入丙炔气(0.8g,0.02mol),将混合物在20-25℃下搅拌48小时。
将反应混合物进行旋转蒸发,得到在乙酸乙酯(20ml)和水(30ml)中分布黄色粘稠固体。弃去有机相,水相用乙酸乙酯(2×20ml)洗涤。水相用盐酸中合,得到1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-丙-1-炔基尿嘧啶的白色沉淀,然后从冷却的滤液中滤出。
CHN 计算值:C,51.06;H,4.964;N,9.93%
实验值:C,50.80;H,5.055;N,9.80%
Mpt.=225-227℃
得自尿苷的产率=24%
1HNMR δ(d6DMSO)11.52(1H,bs,NH),7.8(1H,s,H-6),5.95(1H,d,H-1′),5.65-5.0(3H,m,OH-2′,OH-3′,OH-5′),4.07-3.83(2H,m,H-2′,H-3′),3.75(1H,m,H-4′),3.59(2H,m,H-5′),1.98(3H,s,CH3).
实例2
1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)-5-(丙-1-炔基)尿嘧啶
将氢化钠(0.05g 80%W/V的油悬浮液,1.66mmol,用无水四氢呋喃洗涤几次)在无水四氢呋喃(4ml)中的悬浮液加到搅拌的1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)尿嘧啶(0.06g,1.64mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液中,保证完全排除水份。蒸发溶剂,1小时后,行到0.1g所需钠盐。由该盐可制备静脉注射制剂和眼制剂。
实例3和4
用N-甲基吗啉和N-丙基吗啉重复实例1的步骤d)。CHN、Mpt和HNMR同上。对N-甲基吗啉,得自尿苷的产率为14%,N-丙基吗啉得自尿苷的产率为24%。
Claims (11)
2、权利要求1所要求的方法,其特征在于所述吗啉为一种未取代的N1-N6烷基吗啉。
3、权利要求2所要求的方法,其特征在于所述吗啉为一种未取代的N1-N4烷基吗啉。
4、权利要求3所要求的方法,其特征在于所述吗啉的烷基部分为乙基。
5、前面权利要求中任意一项所要求的方法,其特征在于R1是甲基。
6、前面权利要求中任意一项所要求的方法,其特征在于用于引入炔基的试剂为TMS乙炔、丙炔气或丁炔气。
7、前面权利要求中任意一项所要求的方法,其特征在于该方法是在钯(Ⅱ)催化剂和膦配位体存在下进行的。
8、权利要求7所要求的方法,其特征在于钯(Ⅱ)催化剂和为乙酸钯,膦配体为三苯基膦。
9、权利要求7和8所要求的方法,其特征在于该方法进一步在铜(Ⅰ)离子存在下进行。
10、权利要求9所要求的方法,其特征在于铜(Ⅰ)离子选自由碘化铜、氯化铜或溴化铜组成的一组。
11、前面权利要求中任何一项所要求的方法,其特征在于该方法在10-30℃的温度范围中进行。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB909014618A GB9014618D0 (en) | 1990-06-30 | 1990-06-30 | Process for the preparation of pyrimidine nucleosides |
GB90104618.4 | 1990-06-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1057844A true CN1057844A (zh) | 1992-01-15 |
Family
ID=10678512
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN91104528A Pending CN1057844A (zh) | 1990-06-30 | 1991-06-28 | 制备嘧啶核苷酸的方法 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0465164A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH04305595A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR920000783A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1057844A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU642746B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2045939A1 (zh) |
CS (1) | CS199191A3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI913177A (zh) |
GB (1) | GB9014618D0 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUT58104A (zh) |
IE (1) | IE912260A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL98665A0 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO912552L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ238776A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL290858A1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT98135A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW230209B (zh) |
YU (1) | YU114191A (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA915033B (zh) |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS6299395A (ja) * | 1985-10-25 | 1987-05-08 | Yamasa Shoyu Co Ltd | 2−アルキニルアデノシンおよび抗高血圧剤 |
GB8629892D0 (en) * | 1986-12-15 | 1987-01-28 | Wellcome Found | Antiviral compounds |
US5157114A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1992-10-20 | Burroughs Wellcome Co. | 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-fluoro-5-ethyngluridine |
-
1990
- 1990-06-30 GB GB909014618A patent/GB9014618D0/en active Pending
-
1991
- 1991-06-28 CA CA002045939A patent/CA2045939A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-06-28 CS CS911991A patent/CS199191A3/cs unknown
- 1991-06-28 YU YU114191A patent/YU114191A/sh unknown
- 1991-06-28 NZ NZ238776A patent/NZ238776A/en unknown
- 1991-06-28 EP EP91305889A patent/EP0465164A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-06-28 ZA ZA915033A patent/ZA915033B/xx unknown
- 1991-06-28 KR KR1019910010873A patent/KR920000783A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-06-28 IL IL98665A patent/IL98665A0/xx unknown
- 1991-06-28 PT PT98135A patent/PT98135A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-06-28 AU AU79445/91A patent/AU642746B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-06-28 PL PL29085891A patent/PL290858A1/xx unknown
- 1991-06-28 IE IE226091A patent/IE912260A1/en unknown
- 1991-06-28 JP JP3254096A patent/JPH04305595A/ja active Pending
- 1991-06-28 NO NO91912552A patent/NO912552L/no unknown
- 1991-06-28 CN CN91104528A patent/CN1057844A/zh active Pending
- 1991-06-28 TW TW081105249A patent/TW230209B/zh active
- 1991-06-28 FI FI913177A patent/FI913177A/fi unknown
- 1991-07-27 HU HU912191A patent/HUT58104A/hu unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL98665A0 (en) | 1992-07-15 |
AU7944591A (en) | 1992-01-02 |
YU114191A (sh) | 1994-01-20 |
HUT58104A (en) | 1992-01-28 |
NO912552L (no) | 1992-01-02 |
AU642746B2 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
FI913177A (fi) | 1991-12-31 |
PL290858A1 (en) | 1992-03-09 |
TW230209B (zh) | 1994-09-11 |
EP0465164A1 (en) | 1992-01-08 |
KR920000783A (ko) | 1992-01-29 |
NO912552D0 (no) | 1991-06-28 |
CA2045939A1 (en) | 1991-12-31 |
JPH04305595A (ja) | 1992-10-28 |
IE912260A1 (en) | 1992-01-01 |
NZ238776A (en) | 1993-07-27 |
ZA915033B (en) | 1993-02-24 |
PT98135A (pt) | 1992-04-30 |
HU912191D0 (en) | 1991-12-30 |
GB9014618D0 (en) | 1990-08-22 |
FI913177A0 (fi) | 1991-06-28 |
CS199191A3 (en) | 1992-02-19 |
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