CN105780538A - 一种二浴法染色工艺 - Google Patents

一种二浴法染色工艺 Download PDF

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CN105780538A
CN105780538A CN201610153565.2A CN201610153565A CN105780538A CN 105780538 A CN105780538 A CN 105780538A CN 201610153565 A CN201610153565 A CN 201610153565A CN 105780538 A CN105780538 A CN 105780538A
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骆佳豪
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Jinhua Zhichan Wuyuan Information Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种二浴法染色工艺，采用二浴法进行，首先针对羊毛纤维上染，将混纺织物置入染色容器中，在常温下向染色容器中加入步骤(4)制备得到的染色助剂和染料，得到染色的羊毛纤维；然后针对聚乳酸纤维上染，所述的聚乳酸纤维的染色是先将装有混纺织物的桶置入染色容器中，然后加入染色助剂，最后用冰醋酸和固色剂固色得到染色的聚乳酸纤维。本发明的优点在于提供有效节水、减污、同时具备高色牢度的二浴法染色工艺。

Description

一种二浴法染色工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及织物染色领域，具体为一种二浴法染色工艺。
背景技术
节能减排，降低消耗，保护环境是实现纺织工业可持续发展的战略，印染环节是整个纺织工业实现节能减排的重中之重，染整节能技术成功是最直接、最有效的节能减排工程，是企业利润的核心，也是提高产品质量，提高产品档次的系统工程。提高染整节能节水技术是染整企业的共同期待，是全国乃至世界各国研究探索的热点。
现有的混纺面料染色方法能耗高，污染严重，大部分染厂的吨布耗水量都在1：100以上。多数染色工艺采用染机从前处理到柔软整理的间歇式生产，浴比为l：80左右，工艺落后，特别是没有进行严格的工艺设计和工艺上车控制，做不到一次准确化染色、回修量大、耗水更多；使用烧碱多、废水COD高、污水处理不能达标排放。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明拟解决的技术问题是提供有效节水、减污、同时具备高色牢度的混纺面料节水二浴法染色工艺，采用制备出的染色助剂来改性羊毛和聚乳酸纤维并对染色的面料进行固色处理以及后整理湿短蒸处理，不仅提高了染色后混纺面料织物的色牢度，而且大幅度节水、减少污染。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种二浴法染色工艺，按以下步骤进行：
首先针对羊毛纤维上染，将混纺织物置入染色容器中，在常温下向染色容器中加入染色助剂和染料，常温保温15-25min，然后以0.8-1.2℃/min的升温速率升温至95-98℃并且保温40-60min，而后清洗，清洗结束后，第一次加入纯碱并且控制水浴的pH值，再升温至80-85℃并且保温25-35min，再次清洗，再次清洗结束后第二次加入纯碱并且控制pH值，进而升温至80-85℃并且再次保温25-35min，进而清洗，最后加入冰醋酸并且升温至40-45℃进而保温10-20min，进而保温结束后加入柔软剂柔软处理，出缸，得到染色的羊毛纤维；然后针对聚乳酸纤维上染，所述的聚乳酸纤维的染色是先将染色后的混纺织物置入染色容器的桶中，将装有混纺织物的桶吊出染色容器外，向染色容器内加入助溶剂和染料，直接加热至95-98℃，保温10-30min，用冷水降温并调整浴比1∶10～12，将装有混纺织物的桶置入染色容器中，开动循环泵运转20-30分钟，然后加入染色助剂，以0.5-0.7℃/min的升温速率升温至90-98℃，保温40-60min，然后清洗，清洗结束后加入碱性物质调节水溶液pH值，升温至75-85℃，保温25-35min，清洗，再加入净洗剂并且升温至75-85℃保温25-35min，再次清洗，最后用冰醋酸和固色剂固色，固色温度为75-85℃，时间为25-35min，出缸，得到染色的聚乳酸纤维；然后采用汽蒸机对染色后混纺织物进行整理，以增加织物上染料的固色效果；织物送入汽蒸机后，面料在高温湿热的状态下纤维会发生溶胀，汽蒸机汽蒸箱中的温度为100-102℃，通过高温蒸汽处理，蒸汽压力约为0.3-0.4MPa，高温蒸汽的温度为170-190℃，蒸汽渗透方式先由内向外渗透，再由外向内渗透，面料在直径方向纤维无法溶胀，只能朝着经向溶胀，经向溶胀后再将面料抽冷风冷却，使纤维的变形稳定，汽蒸机中整理的时间为2-3分钟，经向溶胀使得面料的染色牢度和染色均匀性大大提高。
所述染色助剂包括以下重量份的原料组成：
聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液17-25份；
壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚13-15份；
氨基硅烷类偶联剂7-10份；
纳米二氧化硅3-5份；
亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂0.8-2份；
硫酸钡15-20份；
冰醋酸2-3份；
羟甲基纤维素钠0.3-1份；
平平加O8-10份；
水70-100份；
进一步，染色助剂的配制方法：在化料桶中加入30%的常温水，加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、羟甲基纤维素钠和亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂，搅拌溶解40-55分钟后，再加入余量的水和其余组分，继续搅拌至均匀为止；
进一步，染色时加入染色助剂10-20g/L
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的二浴法染色工艺，减小了染浴比，缩短了工艺时间，减少纤维强力的损伤，且失重少，易匀染，纤维手感柔软，节水、节电、节省时间、简化操作、综合成本降低、提高了染色质量，并有效地解决羊毛聚乳酸纤维混纺染色后色牢度差的问题。
和现有的常规混纺面料染色技术相比，明显减少了水洗次数，减少了废水排放，节约了能源和时间，提高了产品质量和产量；本发明生产的混纺面料产品染色同色性好、颜色准确、色牢度高，色牢度大于4级，面料手感更柔软、舒适性更好、回弹性更好，产品有较好的耐洗涤性。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例，对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。
实施例一：
首先针对羊毛纤维上染，将混纺织物置入染色容器中，在常温下向染色容器中加入步骤(4)制备得到的染色助剂和染料，常温保温15-25min，然后以0.8-1.2℃/min的升温速率升温至95-98℃并且保温40-60min，而后清洗，清洗结束后，第一次加入纯碱并且控制水浴的pH值，再升温至80-85℃并且保温25-35min，再次清洗，再次清洗结束后第二次加入纯碱并且控制pH值，进而升温至80-85℃并且再次保温25-35min，进而清洗，最后加入冰醋酸并且升温至40-45℃进而保温10-20min，进而保温结束后加入柔软剂柔软处理，出缸，得到染色的羊毛纤维；然后针对聚乳酸纤维上染，所述的聚乳酸纤维的染色是先将染色后的混纺织物置入染色容器的桶中，将装有混纺织物的桶吊出染色容器外，向染色容器内加入助溶剂和染料，直接加热至95-98℃，保温10-30min，用冷水降温并调整浴比1∶10～12，将装有混纺织物的桶置入染色容器中，开动循环泵运转20-30分钟，然后加入步骤染色助剂，以0.5-0.7℃/min的升温速率升温至90-98℃，保温40-60min，然后清洗，清洗结束后加入碱性物质调节水溶液pH值，升温至75-85℃，保温25-35min，清洗，再加入净洗剂并且升温至75-85℃保温25-35min，再次清洗，最后用冰醋酸和固色剂固色，固色温度为75-85℃，时间为25-35min，出缸，得到染色的聚乳酸纤维；然后采用汽蒸机对染色后混纺织物进行整理，以增加织物上染料的固色效果；织物送入汽蒸机后，面料在高温湿热的状态下纤维会发生溶胀，汽蒸机汽蒸箱中的温度为100-102℃，通过高温蒸汽处理，蒸汽压力为0.3-0.4MPa，高温蒸汽的温度为170-190℃，蒸汽渗透方式先由内向外渗透，再由外向内渗透，面料在直径方向纤维无法溶胀，只能朝着经向溶胀，经向溶胀后再将面料抽冷风冷却，使纤维的变形稳定，汽蒸机中整理的时间为2-3分钟，经向溶胀使得面料的染色牢度和染色均匀性大大提高。
所述染色助剂包括以下重量份的原料组成：
聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液17份；
壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚13份；
氨基硅烷类偶联剂7份；
纳米二氧化硅3份；
亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂0.8份；
硫酸钡15份；
冰醋酸2份；
羟甲基纤维素钠0.3份；
平平加O8份；
水70份；
染色助剂的配制方法：在化料桶中加入30%的常温水，加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、羟甲基纤维素钠和亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂，搅拌溶解40-55分钟后，再加入余量的水和其余组分，继续搅拌至均匀为止；
染色助剂的用量：染色时加入染色助剂20g/L。
实施例二：
一种二浴法染色工艺，按以下步骤进行：
首先针对羊毛纤维上染，将混纺织物置入染色容器中，在常温下向染色容器中加入染色助剂和染料，常温保温15-25min，然后以0.8-1.2℃/min的升温速率升温至95-98℃并且保温40-60min，而后清洗，清洗结束后，第一次加入纯碱并且控制水浴的pH值，再升温至80-85℃并且保温25-35min，再次清洗，再次清洗结束后第二次加入纯碱并且控制pH值，进而升温至80-85℃并且再次保温25-35min，进而清洗，最后加入冰醋酸并且升温至40-45℃进而保温10-20min，进而保温结束后加入柔软剂柔软处理，出缸，得到染色的羊毛纤维；然后针对聚乳酸纤维上染，所述的聚乳酸纤维的染色是先将染色后的混纺织物置入染色容器的桶中，将装有混纺织物的桶吊出染色容器外，向染色容器内加入助溶剂和染料，直接加热至95-98℃，保温10-30min，用冷水降温并调整浴比1∶10～12，将装有混纺织物的桶置入染色容器中，开动循环泵运转20-30分钟，然后加入步骤(4)制备得到的染色助剂，以0.5-0.7℃/min的升温速率升温至90-98℃，保温40-60min，然后清洗，清洗结束后加入碱性物质调节水溶液pH值，升温至75-85℃，保温25-35min，清洗，再加入净洗剂并且升温至75-85℃保温25-35min，再次清洗，最后用冰醋酸和固色剂固色，固色温度为75-85℃，时间为25-35min，出缸，得到染色的聚乳酸纤维；然后采用汽蒸机对染色后混纺织物进行整理，以增加织物上染料的固色效果；织物送入汽蒸机后，面料在高温湿热的状态下纤维会发生溶胀，汽蒸机汽蒸箱中的温度为100-102℃，通过高温蒸汽处理，蒸汽压力为0.3-0.4MPa，高温蒸汽的温度为170-190℃，蒸汽渗透方式先由内向外渗透，再由外向内渗透，面料在直径方向纤维无法溶胀，只能朝着经向溶胀，经向溶胀后再将面料抽冷风冷却，使纤维的变形稳定，汽蒸机中整理的时间为2-3分钟，经向溶胀使得面料的染色牢度和染色均匀性大大提高。
所述染色助剂包括以下重量份的原料组成：
聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液25份；
壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚15份；
氨基硅烷类偶联剂10份；
纳米二氧化硅5份；
亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂2份；
硫酸钡20份；
冰醋酸3份；
羟甲基纤维素钠1份；
平平加O10份；
水100份；
染色助剂的配制方法：在化料桶中加入30%的常温水，加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、羟甲基纤维素钠和亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂，搅拌溶解40-55分钟后，再加入余量的水和其余组分，继续搅拌至均匀为止；
染色助剂的用量：染色时加入染色助剂10g/L。
经上述实施例一和二的染色工艺处理的混纺织物染色同色性好、颜色准确、色牢度高，色牢度大于5级，匀染性优异，面料手感更柔软、舒适性更好、回弹性更好，产品有较好的耐洗涤性。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本发明所揭露的技术范围内，可不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。

Claims (3)

1.一种二浴法染色工艺，其特征在于，按以下步骤进行：
首先针对羊毛纤维上染，将混纺织物置入染色容器中，在常温下向染色容器中加入染色助剂和染料，常温保温15-25min，然后以0.8-1.2℃/min的升温速率升温至95-98℃并且保温40-60min，而后清洗，清洗结束后，第一次加入纯碱并且控制水浴的pH值，再升温至80-85℃并且保温25-35min，再次清洗，再次清洗结束后第二次加入纯碱并且控制pH值，进而升温至80-85℃并且再次保温25-35min，进而清洗，最后加入冰醋酸并且升温至40-45℃进而保温10-20min，进而保温结束后加入柔软剂柔软处理，出缸，得到染色的羊毛纤维；然后针对聚乳酸纤维上染，所述的聚乳酸纤维的染色是先将染色后的混纺织物置入染色容器的桶中，将装有混纺织物的桶吊出染色容器外，向染色容器内加入助溶剂和染料，直接加热至95-98℃，保温10-30min，用冷水降温并调整浴比1∶10～12，将装有混纺织物的桶置入染色容器中，开动循环泵运转20-30分钟，然后加入染色助剂，以0.5-0.7℃/min的升温速率升温至90-98℃，保温40-60min，然后清洗，清洗结束后加入碱性物质调节水溶液pH值，升温至75-85℃，保温25-35min，清洗，再加入净洗剂并且升温至75-85℃保温25-35min，再次清洗，最后用冰醋酸和固色剂固色，固色温度为75-85℃，时间为25-35min，出缸，得到染色的聚乳酸纤维；然后采用汽蒸机对染色后混纺织物进行整理，以增加织物上染料的固色效果；织物送入汽蒸机后，面料在高温湿热的状态下纤维会发生溶胀，汽蒸机汽蒸箱中的温度为100-102℃，通过高温蒸汽处理，蒸汽压力约为0.3-0.4MPa，高温蒸汽的温度为170-190℃，蒸汽渗透方式先由内向外渗透，再由外向内渗透，面料在直径方向纤维无法溶胀，只能朝着经向溶胀，经向溶胀后再将面料抽冷风冷却，使纤维的变形稳定，汽蒸机中整理的时间为2-3分钟，经向溶胀使得面料的染色牢度和染色均匀性大大提高。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种二浴法染色工艺，其特征在于：所述染色助剂包括以下重量份的原料组成：
聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液17-25份；
壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚13-15份；
氨基硅烷类偶联剂7-10份；
纳米二氧化硅3-5份；
亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂0.8-2份；
硫酸钡15-20份；
冰醋酸2-3份；
羟甲基纤维素钠0.3-1份；
平平加O8-10份；
水约70-100份；
染色助剂的配制方法：在化料桶中加入30%的常温水，加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯乳液、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、羟甲基纤维素钠和亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂，搅拌溶解40-55分钟后，再加入余量的水和其余组分，继续搅拌至均匀为止。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种二浴法染色工艺，其特征在于：染色时加入染色助剂10-20g/L。
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