CN105751996A - 用于在操作开关之前辅助用户的装置和方法 - Google Patents

用于在操作开关之前辅助用户的装置和方法 Download PDF

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CN105751996A
CN105751996A CN201511022846.6A CN201511022846A CN105751996A CN 105751996 A CN105751996 A CN 105751996A CN 201511022846 A CN201511022846 A CN 201511022846A CN 105751996 A CN105751996 A CN 105751996A
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switch
user
prompting
parts
response
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CN105751996B (zh
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H.怀尔德
N.凯特
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Volkswagen AG
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    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/037Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for occupant comfort, e.g. for automatic adjustment of appliances according to personal settings, e.g. seats, mirrors, steering wheel
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种交通工具(10)、一种在操作用于机电式调节交通工具(10)的部件(4)的开关(1、2、3)之前辅助用户的装置以及方法。所述方法包括步骤:-识别用户向第一开关(1、2、3)的靠近,并且作为对此的响应-显示关于配属于所述第一开关(1、2、3)的功能的提示。

Description

用于在操作开关之前辅助用户的装置和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种交通工具、一种用于在操作用于机电式调节交通工具的部件的开关之前辅助用户的装置以及方法。本发明尤其涉及当用户靠近用于调整座椅功能的操作件的开关时向用户发出提示。
背景技术
现代的汽车的内部空间具有越来越多的调整可能性。对此例如是电动的座椅调节器的操作件,所述操作件在车辆中有时处于座椅基座(座椅基础件的衬罩)上。在车门闭合时,所述操作件不可见,而且由于车门与座椅(或者说座椅的座椅基座)之间的狭窄空间而难以操作。座椅操作件有时还处于车门(例如车门开启件的附近)中。还已知座椅操作件在中控台中位于驻车制动器附近,由此座椅操作件对于驾乘人员来说是可见的。车门中的结构空间受到车门开启件、关闭把手、电动车窗升降器的开关和后视镜、扩音器等较大的限制。中控台中的结构空间也受到换挡杆、杯托、储物箱、底盘调整装置的开关和驻车制动器等的较大的限制。此外,开关列(Schalterflut)很快就被混淆,而且出于美学原因是不符合期望的。
文献DE102005054171A1公开了一种用于监控电机驱动的机动车部件的方法,其中,识别出(例如在操作机动车的滑动天窗的过程中)对出于防夹目的的按键的靠近。
文献DE102011018378A1公开了一种用于元件在汽车中的定位的装置,在所述汽车中设置了用于识别对该元件的特定的靠近模式的接近传感器。通过这种方式能够在没有机械开关的情况下检测对于该元件的定位指令。而且为了调整座椅件还公开了一种接近传感器,用户利用手部在座椅件上的滑擦来操作所述接近传感器。
文献WO2007/121977A2公开了一种用于机动车驾驶舱的控制系统,其中,通过显示屏菜单通过识别在方向盘上的用户手势进行导航。在此建议,在显示器上对已完成的座椅调整进行可视化。
在以上提到的现有技术的技术方案中,在对机动车功能的操作的范畴内仅仅不充分地挖掘了用于辅助用户的可能性。
发明内容
因此本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,支持或者满足以上提到的需求。
根据本发明,以上提到的技术问题通过一种交通工具、一种在操作用于支持用户在操作开关之前机电式调整交通工具部件的装置以及方法解决。为此,首先识别用户(例如用户的手部)对交通工具的第一开关的靠近。“靠近”在本发明的范畴内是指输入件出现在所述开关附近的区域中但是不与所述开关接触。开关在本发明的范畴内是指用于控制交通工具的可机电调节的部件的电动机械式的操作装置。所述开关在此尤其包括可逆(例如导电的)闭合的电触头。开关在本发明的范畴内尤其不应被理解为电容式的输入表面。
在第二步骤中显示关于配属于第一开关的功能的提示。所述提示例如可以显示在中央的信息显示器和/或多功能仪表上。作为备选,也可以在识别出用户与所述开关相距预定距离之后,使所述提示作为光标志/光图标通过布置在开关本身上的发光件发出。在操作所述开关之前(或者说在断开/闭合受开关影响的电触头之前),用户就已经被提供在调整部件的可能性方面的信息了。通过这种方式,可以视觉上缓解由于操作人体工程学的原因对于用户来说可见性差的操作单元的弊端。尤其还可以将机械开关在视觉上从乘客的焦点处挪开,由此能够使座舱显得整洁而且能够使用户更好地定向。
所述功能例如可以是座椅调节和/或后视镜调节和/或滑动天窗调节和/或遮阳卷帘的调节。如上所述,例如可以在座椅调节器上布置第一开关或在机动车座椅的区域(例如在中控台中)中布置第一开关的集合,用于调整座椅位置。相应地也适用于其他上述的功能方案。视乎用户在哪个第一开关上滑擦或者说用户靠近哪个第一开关的不同,可以在显示屏上发出不同的提示。例如可以从视觉上显示所述部件的借助相应的第一开关可机电式调节的构件,或者从所述部件的多个构件的总图中突出该借助相应的第一开关可机电式调节的构件。通过这种方式,可以使用户获得视觉反馈,得知对所述开关的操作作用于哪个构件,并且对该开关的操作具有或者说已经发挥了何种影响。由此能够有目的地进行对座椅位置的调整,并且能够避免错误的操作步骤,所述错误的操作步骤为不必要地加载车载电气元件而且导致损耗。
优选地,还可以检测到或识别出在与开关的表面接触的情况下所实施的用户手势和/或在所述开关之前的检测区域中所实施的用户手势。为此,考虑使用电容和/或光学和/或基于超声波的传感器。作为对所识别的用户手势的响应,可以向用于调节所述部件的电机发出与输入相对应的控制指令。所述控制指令例如可以通过与所识别的用户手势相对应的方式和方向对交通工具的所述部件采取机电的调节。
所述提示可以例如包括座椅的图示,在所述图示中将这种可相互独立操作的元件在视觉上彼此隔开。作为备选或补充,使所述部件的与开关相对应的功能可识别。所述功能可以包括所述部件的可能位置的动画和/或其他方式的图示。所述部件(被靠近的开关的功能涉及所述部件)尤其可以从视觉上被凸显,尤其被放大和/或有色地示出。并不排除同时对多个开关的靠近、操作和在所示出的提示中相应地加以考虑(例如凸显和/或动画示出)。
一旦在显示屏上示出所述提示,则能够通过为此设置的检测装置(例如触摸屏、接近传感器等)检测用户的相对所述提示的输入,并且将与所示输入相对应的控制指令发送给用于调节所述部件的电机。换言之,所述提示可以具有包括开关面的显示屏图像,从而使用户仅通过对开关(例如座椅中控台)的靠近就能够对座椅位置采取软件技术的控制。已知带有触敏表面的显示屏提供了用于输入指令的更全面而且有时更舒适的操作可能性。与为了逐步的座椅调节而持续地调节第一开关相比,用户可以在屏幕上或借助接近传感器、优选在使用3D(三维)手势的情况下自由选择地指定座椅位置,所述3D手势在空间中实施并且通过传感器技术测得,所述座椅位置随后全自动地实现,而使用者不必为此持续地实施相应的输入。尤其对于调取之前所存储的座椅位置来说还能够实现的是,通过点状的输入(例如在之前预定的开关面上)调用座椅位置,毫不迟疑地重新投入驾驶任务,并且交通工具的车载电气元件完成其余部分。首先取代借助通用的操作件调取用于调整座椅位置的菜单,用户可以通过单纯地靠近第一开关来调取上述用于调整座椅位置的菜单点,迅速而且舒适地确定所期望的座椅位置并且在极短时间内结束选择过程,由此驾驶员的注意力仅相应非常短暂地从履行驾驶任务偏离。
根据本发明的第二方面,建议了一种用于在操作用于机电式调节交通工具的部件的开关之前辅助用户的装置。所述装置包括第一开关,所述第一开关设计用于机电式调节交通工具的第一部件。第一接近传感器装配用于识别用户向第一开关的靠近。接近传感器尤其可以布置在第一开关的内部。这种传感器例如能够包括电容式的传感器。作为对靠近的响应,(例如在交通工具的显示屏上)发出信号,用于显示关于与第一开关相对应的功能的提示。换言之,所述接近传感器作为对用户的靠近的响应而促使调取包括显示屏内容的提示。作为备选或补充,所述提示作为光标志/光图标通过布置在开关本身上的发光件发出。为此,所述装置可以具有带有半透明的提示标的隔板(Blende),并且将发光件布置在所述隔板之后。光导体可以未进行传导而布置在发光体与隔板之间,并且被设计为漫射体用于均匀的光发射。通过这种方式可以告知用户,对用户手部附近的开关的操作具有何种功能。
附加地还可以设置用于机电式调节交通工具的第二部件的第二开关。所述第二开关可以例如配属于座椅的靠背件,而第一开关改变所述座椅的坐席面的位置。第二接近传感器装配用于识别用户向第二开关的靠近。所述(对用户靠近第二开关的)识别可以尤其与用户靠近第一开关无关地完成。作为对此的响应,(例如在交通工具的显示屏上或根据结合第一开关所讨论的备选方案)发出信号,用于显示关于与第二开关相对应的功能的提示。换言之,对第二开关的靠近促使调取涉及与第二开关相对应的功能的提示,也就是说涉及机电式调节第二部件的功能。如上所述,所述提示在此情况下也可以具有一个或多个开关面,用户借助所述开关面可以更加舒适且优选选择自由地选取所述部件的各个位置。
所述装置还可以包括输入装置,该输入装置用于识别在与第一开关的表面接触的情况下所实施的用户手势和/或在第一开关之前的检测范围中所实施的用户手势。此外,还可以设有处理单元,所述处理单元装配用于,作为对预定的用户手势的响应,向用于调节所述部件的电机发出与所述输入相对应的控制指令。所述输入装置可以例如电容地、光学地或利用超声波对用户的手部的位置、方向乃至弯曲或伸展的手指进行检测,并且转换为电信号,所述电信号能够通过处理单元被处理,从而在操作开关之前就已经能完成对交通工具的部件的机电的调节。此外,还可以通过手势识别而使开关面甚至开关变得没有必要,从而能够降低在所述装置中设计在硬件中的开关的数量,或者能够在开关数量相同的情况下提高开关的功能范围。
此外,所述装置开可以具有发光件和布置在所述第一开关上或布置在所述第一开关旁边的隔板,其中,所述隔板具有成型为提示标形式的半透明的区域,并且所述发光件装配用于,作为对第一接近传感器的控制信号的响应,通过隔板发射光线。所述隔板可以例如作为漆层设计在其他半透明的遮盖部的底侧上,其中,提示标可以作为模槽(或者说凹版)或在涂漆过程中对相应区域的掩蔽制成。
所述装置优选可以包括配属于显示屏的触敏表面,所述触敏表面装配用于,作为对操作显示在显示屏上的操作件的响应,促使发出控制指令,用于形成所述部件的与所示控制指令相对应的位置。换言之,所述指令设计用于,接收与预定的座椅位置相关的用户输入,并且随后促使全自动地形成所述部件的相对应的位置。对第一或第二开关的持续操作或者说在触敏表面上配属于所述开关的开关面可以被省去,由此使操作过程的偏差可能性最小化。
所述接近传感器可以包括电容传感器和/或光学传感器和/或超声波传感器。通过所述作用原理可以使传感器牢固、小型而且成本低廉地实施。尤其对于电容传感器和超声波传感器来说,不会由于污染而导致故障功能。光学传感器可以例如被设计为摄像头(2D/3D摄像头),所述摄像头监控交通工具的内部空间。如果用户的手部或其他身体部位在第一开关或第二开关的区域中被识别出来,摄像头或者说图像处理单元(所述图像处理单元能够实施对象识别和/或边缘识别)促使发出根据本发明设计的提示。通过这种方式,能够在内部空间中通过仅一个传感器对不同的开关在用户的靠近方面进行监控。
根据本发明的第三个方面建议了一种交通工具,所述交通工具包括根据第二个发明方面所述的、用于在操作用于机电式调节交通工具的部件的开关之前辅助用户的装置。技术特征、技术特征组合和由此得到的优点显然与结合第二个发明方面阐述的一致,由此为避免重复而引用上述实施方式。
附图说明
以下结合附图对本发明的其他实施例进行更详尽的阐述。在附图中:
图1示出根据本发明设计的机动车内部空间的立体图,此时通过用户的手部操作第一开关;
图2示出在识别出靠近图1中所示的第一开关之前的显示屏的视图;
图3示出在识别出靠近图1中所示的第一开关之后的显示屏的视图;
图4示出提示的视图,其包括滑动调节件,用于选择自由地调整座椅靠背的位置;
图5示出阐释根据本发明的方法的实施例的步骤的流程图;
图6示出根据本发明的交通工具的备选实施例的构件的示意图,其包括根据本发明的用户界面的备选实施例;
图7示出根据本发明的用户界面的另一个实施例的示意性剖解图;和
图8示出根据本发明的用户界面的另一个实施例的示意性剖解图。
具体实施方式
图1示出作为交通工具的轿车10的内部空间,在所述内部空间中显示出第一开关区123,用于机电式调节作为轿车10的可机电调节的部件的驾驶员座椅7。第一开关区123的第一开关1对应于座椅靠背4的倾斜度的调节。第一开关区123的第二开关2对应于驾驶员座椅的坐席面8的位置的调节。第一开关区123的电开关3对应于驾驶员座椅7的腰支撑装置(未示出)的调节。利用用户的手部9对第一开关区123的靠近通过(未示出的)第一开关区123内部的电容式接近传感器识别,作为对此的响应,与座椅调节相对应的提示显示在作为轿车10的显示屏5的信息显示器上。
图2示出在识别出靠近图1中所示的第一开关区(图1中附图标记123)之前的显示屏5的屏显内容。所述屏显内容示出关于当前音频播放的信息。此外,还设置了行驶模式以及存在文字形式的未读消息。在显示屏5下方设置了较小的显示区域5a,用于操作音频播放和空调设置。所述屏显内容的元素在内容上与用于机电式调节驾驶员座椅的开关区的功能无关。
图3示出在图2中所示的在识别出用户的手部靠近第一开关区(在图1中附图标记为123)之后的显示屏视图。所示靠近根据本发明导致提示6不仅显示在中央的信息显示器5上而且还显示在较小的显示区域5a上,所述显示区域向用户告知关于那些用户刚刚靠近的开关件所配属的功能的信息。为此,示出用于驾驶员座椅7的象征图。此外还以文字方式说明,对当前靠近的第一开关的操作影响座椅靠背的倾斜度。此外还建议,存储当前的设置。作为对靠近的响应,在较小的显示区域中也输出有关座椅调整的提示。不同的开关面11、12实现了用于调整腰支撑装置或坐席面的接触时的输入。
图4示出提示6的(参照图3)备选的视图,其中,滑动调节件13与驾驶员座椅7的靠背件相叠地示出。根据本发明的实施例,作为对用户的手部靠近配属于座椅靠背的第一开关的响应,还示出了滑动调节件,并且随后通过中央的显示屏5的触敏表面操作所述滑动调节件。或者用户也可以点击在滑动调节件13上的位置,作为对此的响应,自动地机电式实现所选定的位置。除此之外,用户点住用于靠背件的当前位置的指示标13a,并且向所期望的指示标13a的位置滑动。作为对此的响应,指示标13a的用于驾驶员座椅7的靠背件的相关位置也尽可能迅速地实现。在中央的信息显示器5与较小的显示区域5a之间布置有水平布置的电容式滑块(Slider)14,通过所述滑块能够进行冗余输入,用于调整可机电调节的座椅的在提示内部激活的构件。在中央的信息显示器5上示出提示15,即通过电容式滑块14的输入涉及哪个构件。
图5示出根据本发明的用于在操作开关之前辅助用户的方法的实施例的步骤,该开关用于机电式调节交通工具的部件。在步骤100中,识别出用户对第一开关的靠近。作为对此的响应,在步骤200中在显示屏上示出关于配属于所述第一开关的功能的提示。所述提示还包括用于接收用户输入的开关面。在步骤300中,借助配属于所述显示屏的、呈触敏表面形式的检测装置检测相对所述提示的开关面的输入。在步骤400中,向用于调节可机电调节的部件的电机发出与所述输入相对应的控制指令。在发送期间,用户可以重新完全投入其驾驶任务中,由此使交通安全通过根据本发明的方法尽可能少地被影响。
图6示出作为交通工具的轿车10,所述轿车具有带有五个分别根据本发明设计的开关单元的用户界面21。开关单元的永久不透明的遮盖部23a、23b、23c、23d、23e配属于方向盘22的两个侧面以及(未示出的)车门中的后视镜三角、车窗升降操作模块以及用于控制滑动天窗的天窗操作模块以及内部照明装置。所述开关单元与共同的(作为处理单元的实施例的)电子控制设备24信息技术地相连,所述电子控制设备还具有与数据存储器25的数据连接。在数据存储器25中例如存储了用于预定的用户手势和力作用阈值的参比量。最后还设有扩音器26,用于向用户发出声学反馈的扩音器仅符号化地在遮盖部23a、23b、23c、23d、23e外部示例性示出。
图7示出根据本发明的用户界面21的部件的示意性结构的立体图,所述用户界面呈遮盖图1中的电开关1、2、3的部件的形式。其中,遮盖部249通过不透光的、黑色涂层27不透明地构成。符号219是通过在涂层中凹版印制而制成的透明的区域。光导体29为了传导由LED发光件213所发出的的光而设置在遮盖部249上。在电路板217上布置了电容式传感器28′,用于识别靠近、接触和滑擦手势。
图8示出在图7中所示的布置,其中,用于识别靠近的电容薄膜28设置在表面区域249与光导体29之间。在涂层27的下方设置了电容薄膜,用于形成用户界面的触敏性质。根据图7布置在电路板217上的电容式传感器28′,用户界面对人体组织做出反应,用于识别靠近、接触和滑擦手势,并且将相应的控制信号传导给(未示出的)处理单元。在图7中所示的传感器28′设置在电路板217上,用于进一步感知靠近和手势识别。
即使根据结合附图所阐述的实施例详细描述了根据本发明的方面和优选实施方式,对于本领域技术人员来说还可以对所示实施例修改和组合,只要不脱离本发明的范围即可,本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求定义。
附图标记清单
1用于座椅靠背调整的开关
2用于坐席面调整的开关
3用于腰支撑装置的开关
4靠背件
5显示屏,中央的信息显示器
5a显示区域
6提示
7驾驶员座椅
8坐席面
9用户的手部
10轿车
11、12用于选择可机电调节的部件的开关面
13滑动调节件
13a滑动调节件位置
14电容式滑块
15针对配属于滑块14的功能的指示标
21用户界面
22方向盘
23a、23b、23c、23d遮盖部
24控制设备
25数据存储器
26扩音器
27涂层
28电容薄膜
28′电容式传感器
29光导体
100方法步骤
123开关区
200方法步骤
219符号
213LED发光件
249遮盖部
300、400方法步骤

Claims (14)

1.一种用于在操作用于机电式调节交通工具(10)的部件(4)的开关(1、2、3)之前辅助用户的方法,所述方法包括步骤:
-识别(100)用户向第一开关(1、2、3)的靠近,并且作为对此的响应
-显示(200)关于配属于所述第一开关(1、2、3)的功能的提示(6)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述功能是
-座椅调节和/或
-后视镜调节和/或
-滑动天窗调节和/或
-对遮阳卷帘的调节。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中,所述提示(6)
-在显示屏(5)上发出或
-通过布置在第一开关(1、2、3)上的发光件(213)形成。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,所述方法还包括识别
-在与所述第一开关(1、2、3)的表面接触的情况下所实施的用户手势和/或
-在所述第一开关(1、2、3)之前的检测范围中所实施的用户手势,并且作为对此的响应
-向用于调节所述部件(4)的电机发出(400)与输入相对应的控制指令。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述提示(6)
-包括座椅(7)和/或后视镜和/或滑动天窗和/或遮阳卷帘的图示
和/或
-使得所述部件(4)的配属于所述第一开关(1、2、3)的功能可被辨认。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述提示(6)
在显示屏(5)上发出,并且其中,所述方法还包括
-借助配属于显示屏(5)的检测装置检测(300)相对于所述提示(6)的输入,和
-向用于调节所述部件(4)的电机发出(400)与所示输入相对应的控制指令。
7.一种装置,包括
-第一开关(1),其设计用于机电式调节交通工具(10)的第一部件(4),和
-第一接近传感器(28、28′),其配置用于
-识别用户向所述第一开关(1)的靠近,并且作为对此的响应
-发出信号,该信号用于显示关于配属于所述第一开关(1、2、3)的功能的提示。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其还包括
-第二开关(2),其设计用于机电式调节所述交通工具(10)的第二部件(8),和
-第二接近传感器,其配置用于
-识别用户向所述第二开关(2)的靠近,并且作为对此的响应
-发出信号,该信号用于显示关于配属于所述第二开关的功能的提示(6)。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的装置,其还包括
-输入装置(28、28′),其用于识别
-在于所述第一开关(1、2、3)的表面接触的情况下所实施的用户手势和/或
-在所述第一开关(1、2、3)之前的检测范围中所实施的用户手势,和
-处理单元(24),其中,所述处理单元(24)配置用于
-作为对预定的用户手势的响应,向用于调节所述部件(4)的电机发出与所述输入相对应的控制指令。
10.根据权利要求7中9中任一项所述的装置,其还包括
-发光件(213)和
-布置在所述第一开关(1)上或布置所述第一开关(1)旁边的隔板(27),其中,
-所述隔板(27)具有成型为提示标(219)形式的透明的区域,并且
-所述发光件(213)配置用于,作为对第一接近传感器(28、28′)的控制信号的响应,通过隔板(27)发出光线。
11.根据权利要求7至10中任一项所述的装置,其还包括
-显示屏(5),用于显示所述提示(6),和
-配属于所述显示屏(5)的触敏表面,所述触敏表面配置用于,作为对操作显示在所述显示屏(5)上的操作件(11)的响应,促使发出控制指令,用于形成所述部件(4)的与所示控制指令相对应的位置。
12.根据权利要求7至11中任一项所述的装置或根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述第一开关(1)和/或第二开关(2)设计用于组装在所述交通工具(10)的
-座椅(4、8)上和/或
-后视镜三角上和/或
-用于操作滑动天窗的天窗模块上。
13.根据上述权利要求7至12中任一项所述的装置,其中,所述接近传感器包括
-电容式传感器和/或
-光学传感器和/或
-超声波传感器。
14.一种交通工具,其包括上述权利要求7至13中任一项所述的装置。
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