CN105724105A - Springtime cutting seedling-raising method for insect-resistant poplars - Google Patents

Springtime cutting seedling-raising method for insect-resistant poplars Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105724105A
CN105724105A CN201610125896.5A CN201610125896A CN105724105A CN 105724105 A CN105724105 A CN 105724105A CN 201610125896 A CN201610125896 A CN 201610125896A CN 105724105 A CN105724105 A CN 105724105A
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cutting
cuttage
fertilizer
seedling
water
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CN105724105B (en
Inventor
曹国玉
董章凯
张兴泽
王正茂
于见丽
牟进鹏
陈妮娜
徐昕
曲友范
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Yantai Forestry Technology Promotion Station
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Yantai Forestry Technology Promotion Station
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275—Films
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23—Solutions

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a springtime cutting seedling-raising method for insect-resistant poplars.According to the technical scheme, the method includes the steps of soil preparation of cuttage land, cutting slip collecting and cutting slip processing, cuttage and tending management and application of special fertilizers at soil preparation, cuttage and top application management stages respectively.At the soil preparation, cuttage and top application management stages, a special seaweed fertilizer and an amino acid fertilizer having unique effects are respectively applied.The cutting survival rate is high, the stock growth speed is high, root systems are developed, the cutting survival rate is up to 98% or above, and the average height of annular seedlings can be up to 360 cm.Compared with common cutting seedlings, stocks reaching the out-planting standard of annular cutting seedlings can be increased by 15%, the number of lateral roots is increased by 13%, and the total root length is increased by 14%.

Description

A kind of method of pest-resistant poplar cutting propagation in spring
Technical field
The present invention relates to high quality tree species and breed field, specifically a kind of method of pest-resistant poplar cutting propagation in spring.
Background technology
Pest-resistant poplar, Salicaceae, Populus fallen leaves megaphanerophyte, there is stronger insect resistace, for new varieties of poplar.As the pest-resistant poplar of new varieties of poplar, growth is fast, and material is excellent, is excellent Industry plantation seeds；The logical straight elevator of trunk pulls out, and is excellent afforestation seeds；Strong adaptability, is also good shelter-forest seeds.Breeding is the basis of afforestation strong sprout, is related to afforestation and survives and Afforestation Quality.High-quality well developed root system in strong sprout, nursery stock sturdy logical straight, sprout is full, rhizome is relatively thick, resistance, survival rate are high, growth rapidly.Willow is very wide in China's distribution, Poplar Plantation area constantly expands, become the country that Poplar Plantation area is maximum in the world, often due to nursery improper measures, affect the willow life-span, causing that willow material is poor, form is poor, growth is slow, the surrival rate of afforestation is low, causes the waste of resource and economic loss.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is, a kind of method that pest-resistant poplar cutting propagation in spring is provided, whole by cuttage ground, adopt bar and process with cutting, cuttage and tending management, and use dedicated fertilizer respectively in whole, cuttage and the management phase that topdresses, reproduction speed is fast, cuttage survival rate is high, the seedling time is short, seedling cost is relatively low, it is possible to meet the demand to pest-resistant poplar high-quality strong sprout in afforestation.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs techniques below scheme:
A kind of method of pest-resistant poplar cutting propagation in spring, it is characterised in that:
(1), cuttage ground selects and processes: selecting physical features smooth, quality is loosened, and possesses irrigation conditions, and draining is good, and ventilative sandy loam is as cuttage ground；Using well-rotted farmyard manure 2000～3000kg for every mu, soil is cultivated after fertilising ground, the degree of depth 20～30cm, carry out cake ground before cuttage, by cultivating, the soil block cake behind ground is flat and cake is thin, and every mu applies alga fertilizer 50～60kg again；Carry out wholely immediately after fertilising, ridging specification: wide 50～60cm, high 15～20cm, transverse section arch, and be covered with thin film；
(2), adopt bar to process with cutting: adopt the pest-resistant poplar branch of life in 1 year, choosing without pest and disease damage, robust growth, moisture abundance, the full branch of sprout as cutting, being cut into diameter be 1.5～2cm, length is the cutting of 12～18cm, upper cut is flat nick, lower cut is angular cut, otch smooths, and carries out wet sand storage, taken out by cutting and be soaked in clear water 24～72 hours before cuttage after cutting being bundled；
(3), cuttage: spring carries out cuttage before leaf bud is sprouted, and all adopts straight cutting method or all adopts oblique cutting method, straight cutting method: by cutting straight cutting straight down；Oblique cutting method: by the cutting direction oblique cutting along ridge, makes cutting tilt 30～40 °, and direction is consistent；Every ridge cuttage a line, spacing in the rows 30～40cm, the degree of depth of cuttage is above the ground level 1cm with bastem portion, first, top, suppression face, ridge in time after cuttage, makes soil and cutting close contact；
(4), water and fertilising: after cuttage, utilize aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer to fill thoroughly once immediately, water every 5～7 days according to soil moisture content afterwards, watered every 5～7 days continuously circulation 2 times of watering once, final singling and survive stable after, water further according to soil moisture content control；Nursery stock utilizes alga fertilizer to topdress after determining root, imposes once during height of seedling 60-80cm, uses 4～8kg, imposes once during height of seedling 150～200cm for every mu, uses 8～12kg, imposes once during height of seedling 230～260cm, use 10～15kg for every mu for every mu；
(5), except sprouting: carry out in time removing sprouting bud picking before side shoot lignifying, select a healthy and strong coppice shoot during height of seedling 10cm, remove all the other coppice shoots, as seedling more than height of seedling 60cm, remove side shoot in time, conventionally manage thereafter；
Wherein said alga fertilizer is prepared from accordance with the following methods: be added separately in reactor by water, ether, ethyl acetate and fresh Sargassum, adds alkylphenol polyoxyethylene in the lump, soak 48～72 hours at 35～40 DEG C after making beating；Then filter pressing, filtrate is seaweed extracted liquor；Finally described seaweed extracted liquor, potassium chloride, Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and bentonite are mixed, through cylinder pelletize, drying, cooling and screening, obtain alga fertilizer；Wherein between fresh Sargassum, water, ether, ethyl acetate and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, mass ratio is 20:60:30:20:0.2；Wherein the mass ratio between seaweed extracted liquor, potassium chloride, Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and bentonite is 60:60:15:15；Described Sargassum refers to the two or more of a kind of or arbitrary proportion in Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae), Thallus Porphyrae, Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae), opotism and Entermorpha；
Wherein said aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer is prepared from accordance with the following methods: potassium fulvate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and bicine N-mix homogeneously under airtight environment is obtained amino acid fertilizer；Then described amino acid fertilizer is dissolved in the water of amino acid fertilizer quality 1000 times, obtains aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer；Wherein the mass ratio between potassium fulvate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and bicine N-is 100:15:5.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, the present invention application of special alga fertilizer and the amino acid fertilizer of unique effects respectively in whole, cuttage and the management phase that topdresses.Cuttage survival rate is high, and seedling growth speed is fast, and well developed root system, cuttage survival rate reaches more than 98%, and height of seedling is on average up to 360cm then.Compared with common cutting seedling, annual cutting seedling reaches the nursery stock of garden standard and improves 15%, and side radical improves 13%, and total root length improves 14%.
Two, the cuttage breeding method of the present invention is adopted, it is possible to keep maternal excellent inherited character preferably.
Three, the present invention adopts ridging film covering method, it is suppressed that weed growth, is of value to root growth, improves drought-resistant ability.
Four, the preparation of dedicated fertilizer (including alga fertilizer and aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer) and application are one of the core technologies of the present invention.Find through several times experiment, select other fertilizer to be unable to reach the purpose of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
Embodiment one, prepare special alga fertilizer
Water, ether, ethyl acetate and fresh Sargassum are added separately in reactor, add alkylphenol polyoxyethylene in the lump after making beating, soak 72 hours at 35～36 DEG C；Then filter pressing, filtrate is seaweed extracted liquor；Finally described seaweed extracted liquor, potassium chloride, Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and bentonite are mixed, through cylinder pelletize, drying, cooling and screening, obtain alga fertilizer；
Wherein between fresh Sargassum, water, ether, ethyl acetate and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, mass ratio is 20:60:30:20:0.2；
Wherein the mass ratio between seaweed extracted liquor, potassium chloride, Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and bentonite is 60:60:15:15；
Described Sargassum refers to the two or more of a kind of or arbitrary proportion in Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae), Thallus Porphyrae, Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae), opotism and Entermorpha.
Embodiment two, prepare special aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer
Potassium fulvate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and bicine N-mix homogeneously under airtight environment is obtained amino acid fertilizer；Then described amino acid fertilizer is dissolved in the water of amino acid fertilizer quality 1000 times, obtains aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer；
Wherein the mass ratio between potassium fulvate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and bicine N-is 100:15:5.
Embodiment three, pest-resistant poplar cutting propagation in spring embodiment
(1), cuttage ground selects and processes: selecting physical features smooth, quality is loosened, and possesses irrigation conditions, and draining is good, and ventilative sandy loam is as cuttage ground.Using well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg for every mu, soil is cultivated after fertilising ground, the degree of depth 20～30cm, carry out cake ground before cuttage, by cultivating, the soil block cake behind ground is flat, cake is thin, every mu of alga fertilizer 60kg applying embodiment one preparation again.Carry out wholely immediately after fertilising, ridging specification: wide 50～60cm, high 15～20cm, transverse section arch, and be covered with thin film；
(2), adopt bar to process with cutting: adopt the pest-resistant poplar branch of life in 1 year, choosing without pest and disease damage, robust growth, moisture abundance, the full branch of sprout as cutting, being cut into diameter be 1.5～2cm, length is the cutting of 12～18cm, upper cut is flat nick, lower cut is angular cut, otch smooths, and carries out wet sand storage, taken out by cutting and be soaked in clear water 48 hours before cuttage after cutting being bundled；
(3), cuttage: carry out cuttage on March 28th, 2014, adopt oblique cutting method: by the cutting direction oblique cutting along ridge, make cutting tilt 30～40 °, and direction is consistent.Every ridge cuttage a line, spacing in the rows 30～40cm, the degree of depth of cuttage is above the ground level 1cm with bastem portion, first, top, suppression face, ridge in time after cuttage, makes soil and cutting close contact；
(4), water and fertilising: the aminoacid that utilizes embodiment two to prepare after cuttage immediately sprinkling irrigation fertilizer fills thoroughly once, within later every 6 days, waters once, circulation 2 times continuously of watering once of watering for every 6 days, final singling and survive stable after, can water according to soil moisture content control.Nursery stock be should give after determining root and utilizes prepared by embodiment one alga fertilizer to topdress, and imposes once, uses 4kg, impose once during height of seedling 150～200cm for every mu, use 10kg, impose once during height of seedling 230～260cm, execute 15kg for every mu for every mu during height of seedling 60～80cm；
(5), except sprouting: carry out in time removing sprouting bud picking before side shoot lignifying, select a healthy and strong coppice shoot during height of seedling 10cm, remove all the other coppice shoots, as seedling more than height of seedling 60cm, remove side shoot in time, thereafter Routine Management.
Embodiment four, pest-resistant poplar cutting propagation in spring comparative example
Implement cutting propagation adjacent territories with embodiment three, carry out pest-resistant poplar cutting propagation in spring contrast experiment in the identical time.Experiment condition is essentially identical with embodiment three except being listed below, to investigate the effect of dedicated fertilizer of the present invention.
In step (1), using common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio and total amount basically identical with the special alga fertilizer that embodiment three uses after the soil block cake after cultivating ground is flat, cake is thin, replacement utilizes special alga fertilizer prepared by embodiment one to be manured into soil.
In step (4), utilize aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer to fill and thoroughly change in the present embodiment with water filling thoroughly；Three stages of topdressing change into uses Common compound fertilizer, and the special alga fertilizer that nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio and total amount and embodiment three use is basically identical.
Embodiment three is as follows with the contrast of embodiment four experiment effect:
Embodiment Cuttage survival rate/% Average height of seedling/cm Reach nursery stock rate/%
Example three 98.4 365 96
Example four 89 304 82
As seen from the above table, using the present invention special the aminoacid fertile and special alga fertilizer of sprinkling irrigation, cutting propagation effect is very prominent.

Claims (1)

1. the method for a pest-resistant poplar cutting propagation in spring, it is characterised in that:
(1), cuttage ground selects and processes: selecting physical features smooth, quality is loosened, and possesses irrigation conditions, and draining is good, and ventilative sandy loam is as cuttage ground；Using well-rotted farmyard manure 2000～3000kg for every mu, soil is cultivated after fertilising ground, the degree of depth 20～30cm, carry out cake ground before cuttage, by cultivating, the soil block cake behind ground is flat and cake is thin, and every mu applies alga fertilizer 50～60kg again；Carry out wholely immediately after fertilising, ridging specification: wide 50～60cm, high 15～20cm, transverse section arch, and be covered with thin film；
(2), adopt bar to process with cutting: adopt the pest-resistant poplar branch of life in 1 year, choosing without pest and disease damage, robust growth, moisture abundance, the full branch of sprout as cutting, being cut into diameter be 1.5～2cm, length is the cutting of 12～18cm, upper cut is flat nick, lower cut is angular cut, otch smooths, and carries out wet sand storage, taken out by cutting and be soaked in clear water 24～72 hours before cuttage after cutting being bundled；
(3), cuttage: spring carries out cuttage before leaf bud is sprouted, and all adopts straight cutting method or all adopts oblique cutting method, straight cutting method: by cutting straight cutting straight down；Oblique cutting method: by the cutting direction oblique cutting along ridge, makes cutting tilt 30～40 °, and direction is consistent；Every ridge cuttage a line, spacing in the rows 30～40cm, the degree of depth of cuttage is above the ground level 1cm with bastem portion, first, top, suppression face, ridge in time after cuttage, makes soil and cutting close contact；
(4), water and fertilising: after cuttage, utilize aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer to fill thoroughly once immediately, water every 5～7 days according to soil moisture content afterwards, watered every 5～7 days continuously circulation 2 times of watering once, final singling and survive stable after, water further according to soil moisture content control；Nursery stock utilizes alga fertilizer to topdress after determining root, imposes once during height of seedling 60-80cm, uses 4～8kg, imposes once during height of seedling 150～200cm for every mu, uses 8～12kg, imposes once during height of seedling 230～260cm, use 10～15kg for every mu for every mu；
(5), except sprouting: carry out in time removing sprouting bud picking before side shoot lignifying, select a healthy and strong coppice shoot during height of seedling 10cm, remove all the other coppice shoots, as seedling more than height of seedling 60cm, remove side shoot in time, conventionally manage thereafter；
Wherein said alga fertilizer is prepared from accordance with the following methods: be added separately in reactor by water, ether, ethyl acetate and fresh Sargassum, adds alkylphenol polyoxyethylene in the lump, soak 48～72 hours at 35～40 DEG C after making beating；Then filter pressing, filtrate is seaweed extracted liquor；Finally described seaweed extracted liquor, potassium chloride, Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and bentonite are mixed, through cylinder pelletize, drying, cooling and screening, obtain alga fertilizer；Wherein between fresh Sargassum, water, ether, ethyl acetate and alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, mass ratio is 20:60:30:20:0.2；Wherein the mass ratio between seaweed extracted liquor, potassium chloride, Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and bentonite is 60:60:15:15；Described Sargassum refers to the two or more of a kind of or arbitrary proportion in Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae), Thallus Porphyrae, Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae), opotism and Entermorpha；
Wherein said aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer is prepared from accordance with the following methods: potassium fulvate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and bicine N-mix homogeneously under airtight environment is obtained amino acid fertilizer；Then described amino acid fertilizer is dissolved in the water of amino acid fertilizer quality 1000 times, obtains aminoacid sprinkling irrigation fertilizer；Wherein the mass ratio between potassium fulvate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and bicine N-is 100:15:5.
CN201610125896.5A 2016-03-07 2016-03-07 A kind of method of pest-resistant poplar spring cuttage and seedling culture Active CN105724105B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106105720A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-11-16 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 A kind of method for quickly breeding of Parthenocissus quinquefolia
CN111592425A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-08-28 青岛埃图生物科技有限公司 Modified seaweed functional water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN114747417A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-15 广东农垦热带作物科学研究所 High-efficiency cutting seedling method for Huangjing fruits

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CN104380980A (en) * 2014-11-12 2015-03-04 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 Cutting propagation method for poplar with colorful leaves

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106105720A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-11-16 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 A kind of method for quickly breeding of Parthenocissus quinquefolia
CN111592425A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-08-28 青岛埃图生物科技有限公司 Modified seaweed functional water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN114747417A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-15 广东农垦热带作物科学研究所 High-efficiency cutting seedling method for Huangjing fruits
CN114747417B (en) * 2022-04-24 2023-09-22 广东农垦热带作物科学研究所 Efficient cutting seedling method for Huangjingguo

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