CN105706675A - Amorphophallus konjac breeding method - Google Patents
Amorphophallus konjac breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105706675A CN105706675A CN201410734075.2A CN201410734075A CN105706675A CN 105706675 A CN105706675 A CN 105706675A CN 201410734075 A CN201410734075 A CN 201410734075A CN 105706675 A CN105706675 A CN 105706675A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of amorphophallus konjac breeding, and particularly discloses an amorphophallus konjac breeding method. A breeding bed is constructed to further ensure that physical-chemical conditions on the breeding bed can be achieved and budding and seedling growth requirements of amorphophallus konjac can be met. In addition, ridge formation treatment is performed on the breeding bed to facilitate subsequent shed construction with bamboo strips and operation of covering a mulching film. Moreover, sterilization and fertilization treatment is performed on soil of the breeding bed for many times to ensure that the breeding bed has fewer bacteria to further ensure higher survival rate in a breeding process and reduce breeding cost. Furthermore, fertilization treatment is performed on the breeding bed to guarantee providing of nutrient substances for subsequent breeding steps. The whole process is implemented by amorphophallus konjac sterilization, chopping, amorphophallus konjac breeding and management steps, so that an amorphophallus konjac breeding cycle is greatly shortened, the average weight of obtained amorphophallus konjac seeds is 12 to 33g, the amorphophallus konjac seeds are higher in uniformity, the quality of the amorphophallus konjac seeds is improved, and the amorphophallus konjac breeding cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Rhizoma amorphophalli kind breeding technical field, especially a kind of Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method.
Background technology
Rhizoma amorphophalli (Amorphophalluskonjac) is a kind of herbaceos perennial., ancient Chinese is also known as goblin taro.Rhizoma amorphophalli just has the title of " removing intestinal sand " since ancient times.It it is a kind of intermountain herbaceos perennial being grown in height above sea level 250 2500 meters.Rhizoma amorphophalli is grown under sparse woods, there is blood sugar lowering, blood fat reducing, blood pressure lowering, anti-cancer and cancer-preventing, slow down aging, detumescence, dissipate poison, skin care, promote blood circulation, lose weight, relieving constipation, appetizing etc. multi-functional.For this, Rhizoma amorphophalli is referred to as one of ten big health foods.
And along with the exploitation to Rhizoma amorphophalli product, prescription for Rhizoma amorphophalli is also more and more higher, therefore the breeding technique for Rhizoma amorphophalli is also improved accordingly, the technology also ratio produced for the breeding technique of Rhizoma amorphophalli at present is sparser, but also there is portion of techniques document to have been disclosed for the breeding method of Rhizoma amorphophalli, and then provide some references for Rhizoma amorphophalli quality and konjak cultivation technical field, but, for traditional breeding method, obtain the second-rate of Rhizoma amorphophalli kind, disease-resistant, fighting drought and diseases and insect pests resistance are all more weak, and then it is relatively costly to cause that Rhizoma amorphophalli is planted, the pollution that Rhizoma amorphophalli kind is brought into simultaneously is more serious, and then cause the second-rate of Rhizoma amorphophalli kind, what further make that Rhizoma amorphophalli plants is relatively costly, yield is relatively low；For another example also someone adopts the breeding that tissue culture method carries out Rhizoma amorphophalli kind to process, although this method can improve the quality of Rhizoma amorphophalli kind, but is difficult to reduce the cost of Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding, and then makes this breeding technique be difficult to be promoted.
Therefore, this research worker, by long-term exploration and research, brings the newly selected for Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem existed in prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method, traditional soil breeding technique that buries is carried out Depth Study, and then on earth breeding basis, culture medium breeding technology being introduced, and then the survival rate avoiding earth nursery is relatively low, breeding is second-rate, culture medium breeding is relatively costly, the feature of the technological deficiency of breeding cycle length.
It is achieved particular by techniques below scheme:
A kind of Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding bed is set up: choose the ground, vegetable garden that the content of organic matter is 80-90%, and spread quick lime 15-45kg according to every mu, the detergent water adopting mass fraction to be 1-5% again is sprayed at quick lime surface, and take limit to spray detergent waterside employing farm manure powder covering, farm manure powder overlay capacity is every mu and covers 50-90kg, after treating that farm manure powder has covered, farm manure liquid is adopted to spray its surface again, every mu is sprayed 100-200kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue to cover the farm manure powder that a layer thickness is 1-2cm, nitrogenous fertilizer is adopted to cover surface again, nitrogen fertilizer amount is every mu of 20-40kg, after nitrogenous fertilizer has covered, after adopting quick lime to cover 0.5-1cm thickness, and it is tight to fetch covering with ground sheeting, after the temperature in mulch film reaches 70-80 DEG C, persistently cover 1-3 days, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be undertaken ploughing deeply process by vegetable garden, ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 20-30cm, and in the process of ploughing deeply, the fenaminosulf 300g/ mu 1000g that adds water is adopted to be sprayed at earth's surface, after ploughing deeply continuously ground, vegetable garden 2-3 time back and forth, adopt covering with ground sheeting 20-30 days, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be raked in vegetable garden, and adopt quick lime 5kg/ mu to be sprinkling upon surface, again vegetable garden is carried out breeding bed foundation；Specifically when carrying out breeding bed and setting up, the Di Zuo railway carriage or compartment, vegetable garden processed is processed, railway carriage or compartment width is 1.3-1.8 rice, railway carriage or compartment length is 1.8-2.5 rice, and railway carriage or compartment is processed to ditching with width, ditch depth is 10cm, enough width are 6-10cm, and ditch will adopt covering with ground sheeting, make the base section of mulch film composition ditch, namely guarantee that ditch will not leak, peak is formed between ditch and ditch, peak width is 20-30cm, the center at peak with width to being provided with pipeline, pipe interior is provided with heating wire, and the earth between the heating wire on peak and ditch is raked, and the earth raked is spread the quick lime of one layer of 0.2-0.3cm, and adopt fenaminosulf 300g/ mu water distribution 1kg sprinkling to process, and adopt farm manure powder to cover surface, cladding thickness is 1-2cm, adopt sieve to be sieved by earth again and cover farm manure powder surface afterwards；In the ditch that mulch film is the end, add nutritional solution again, and on mulch film, adopt sewing-needle jack, every mu slotting 500-800, it is thus achieved that breeding bed, stand-by；
(2) Rhizoma amorphophalli kind sterilization: by eye, Rhizoma amorphophalli is cut in bulk, the size of every piece is uniform, and all has at least an eye on every piece, and the weight of every piece is 10-25g；And the Rhizoma amorphophalli block cut is placed in immersion treatment 20-30min in the washing powder solution that mass fraction is 2-3%, and the temperature of washing powder solution is 40-50 DEG C, being taken out by Rhizoma amorphophalli block is placed under sunlight after treatment with irradiation 1-2h again, again Rhizoma amorphophalli is placed in the ethanol of 75% and soaks 3-5min, immersion 3-7min in the hydrargyrum water that mass fraction is 0.01% is put into after taking-up, finally use aseptic water washing 4-5 time, each washing time is 3-5min, the interval time of washing time is 10min, and when rinsing, the temperature of sterilized water is 30-45 DEG C；
(3) Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding: by step 1) earth between heating wire and ditch on the breeding bed that obtains digs out 5-9cm thickness, breeding bed is made to form a groove between heating wire and ditch, again by step 2) the Rhizoma amorphophalli kind that obtains puts into 120-150 block according to every square metre, and the eye of Rhizoma amorphophalli block is tilted towards 45° angle, after treating that Rhizoma amorphophalli kind is paved with groove, the earth dug out is adopted to cover Rhizoma amorphophalli kind surface 1-3cm again, after repaving sawdust face 2-6cm, the remaining earth dug out is adopted to cover surface again, and till the earth dug out has been covered, adopting quick lime again is after 1:7 is mixed homogeneously with fenaminosulf according to mass ratio, it is sprinkling upon surface, every mu is spread 20-30kg, and to its surface sprinkling heteroauxing, every square metre is sprayed 0.5-1L, adopt bamboo cane shed again, and process with mulch film scaffolding, stand-by；
(4) nursery bed management: by step 3) canopy in temperature maintain 26-28 DEG C, and by mulch film canopy adopt light transmittance be the Shading net covering of 2-7%, after cultivating 30-40 days, remove sunshade net again, after constant temperature culture 60-70 days, the farm manure adopting the Temperature Treatment by 160-200 DEG C again becomes thoroughly decomposed liquid sprinkling once, fountain height is every mu and sprays 100-200kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue constant temperature culture 17-20 days, when the sprout grown is grown tall to 8-10cm, mulch film is removed, it is made to grow 10-15 days under natural environment, sprout is transplanted in Rhizoma amorphophalli planting base again and carries out cultivation management, conventionally manage after lodging to Rhizoma amorphophalli Seedling bar, results Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed, the weight of this Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed maintains 12-33g, Rhizoma amorphophalli kind can be obtained.
The concentration of described heteroauxing is 100-300ppm.
Described nutritional solution, is calculated as sucrose 30g, 6-benzyl aminopurine 0.05-2.5mg, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.5mg, agar 6.5mg with every liter and coordinates with sterilized water and form.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is the one in ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium-potassium phosphate, ammoniomagnesium phosphate, ammonium sulfate magnesium.
Described nutritional solution also includes the one in boric acid, Borax, is wherein calculated as every liter of nutritional solution with boron element and contains 0.153-0.189mg.
Described farm manure powder is by after carrying out drying at the temperature of 300-800 DEG C and being 10-15% to moisture, pulverizer is adopted to be ground into the powder of 120-130 order, after being placed in dehydrator by powder again to dry and being 2-3% to moisture, at the powder being ground into 300-400 order.
The described farm manure liquid that becomes thoroughly decomposed is methane liquid.
Compared with prior art, the technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
By breeding bed is set up, and then the physico chemical factor on breeding bed is capable of and disclosure satisfy that Rhizoma amorphophalli sprouts the demand of long Seedling, and breeding bed is carried out the process of whole railway carriage or compartment, follow-up bamboo cane is facilitated to put up a shed, the operation of covering with ground sheeting, and seedling bed earth carries out sterilization repeatedly process with extensive use of chemical fertilizer, and then make the pathogenic bacteria on seedling bed less, and then guarantee that the survival rate in breeding process is higher, relatively low breeding cost, and also the extensive use of chemical fertilizer having carried out breeding bed processes, nutrient substance is provided to ensure for follow-up breeding step, and the sterilization that whole technique is by Rhizoma amorphophalli, stripping and slicing, Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding and management process, Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding cycle is shortened largely, and plant weight at 12-33g for average that makes the Rhizoma amorphophalli kind obtained, and then make the uniformity of Rhizoma amorphophalli kind higher, improve the quality of Rhizoma amorphophalli kind, reduce Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding cost.
In whole technique, not use only earth seedbed breeding technique, have also combined the application of culture medium tissue culture technology, and then make in Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding process, it is possible to provide nutrition for Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding process by preparing nutritional solution, and control the physico chemical factor in Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding process, and then make the breeding quality of Rhizoma amorphophalli obtain to improve largely, and by the management in later stage so that the quality of the Rhizoma amorphophalli kind cultivated is higher, breeding is less costly, and uniformity coefficient is more excellent.
The premunition of Rhizoma amorphophalli kind, insect pest ability that the present invention obtains are all relatively strong, and the Rhizoma amorphophalli speed of growth is very fast, and quality is more excellent.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment technical scheme done further restriction, but the scope claimed is not only limited to the description made.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding bed is set up: choose the ground, vegetable garden that the content of organic matter is 80%, and spread quick lime 15kg according to every mu, the detergent water adopting mass fraction to be 1% again is sprayed at quick lime surface, and take limit to spray detergent waterside employing farm manure powder covering, farm manure powder overlay capacity is every mu and covers 50kg, after treating that farm manure powder has covered, farm manure liquid is adopted to spray its surface again, every mu is sprayed 100kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue to cover the farm manure powder that a layer thickness is 1cm, nitrogenous fertilizer is adopted to cover surface again, nitrogen fertilizer amount is every mu of 20kg, after nitrogenous fertilizer has covered, after adopting quick lime to cover 0.5cm thickness, and it is tight to fetch covering with ground sheeting, after the temperature in mulch film reaches 70 DEG C, persistently cover 1 day, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be undertaken ploughing deeply process by vegetable garden, ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 20cm, and in the process of ploughing deeply, the fenaminosulf 300g/ mu 1000g that adds water is adopted to be sprayed at earth's surface, after ploughing deeply continuously ground, vegetable garden 2 times back and forth, adopt covering with ground sheeting 20 days, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be raked in vegetable garden, and adopt quick lime 5kg/ mu to be sprinkling upon surface, again vegetable garden is carried out breeding bed foundation；Specifically when carrying out breeding bed and setting up, the Di Zuo railway carriage or compartment, vegetable garden processed is processed, railway carriage or compartment is wide is 1.3 meters, railway carriage or compartment length is 1.8 meters, and railway carriage or compartment is processed to ditching with width, ditch depth is 10cm, enough width are 6cm, and ditch will adopt covering with ground sheeting, make the base section of mulch film composition ditch, namely guarantee that ditch will not leak, peak is formed between ditch and ditch, peak width is 20cm, the center at peak with width to being provided with pipeline, pipe interior is provided with heating wire, and the earth between the heating wire on peak and ditch is raked, and the earth raked is spread the quick lime of one layer of 0.2cm, and adopt fenaminosulf 300g/ mu water distribution 1kg sprinkling to process, and adopt farm manure powder to cover surface, cladding thickness is 1cm, adopt sieve to be sieved by earth again and cover farm manure powder surface afterwards；In the ditch that mulch film is the end, add nutritional solution again, and on mulch film, adopt sewing-needle jack, insert 500 for every mu, it is thus achieved that breeding bed, stand-by；
(2) Rhizoma amorphophalli kind sterilization: by eye, Rhizoma amorphophalli is cut in bulk, the size of every piece is uniform, and all has at least an eye on every piece, and the weight of every piece is 10g；And the Rhizoma amorphophalli block cut is placed in immersion treatment 20min in the washing powder solution that mass fraction is 2%, and the temperature of washing powder solution is 40 DEG C, being taken out by Rhizoma amorphophalli block is placed under sunlight after treatment with irradiation 1h again, again Rhizoma amorphophalli is placed in the ethanol of 75% and soaks 3min, immersion 3min in the hydrargyrum water that mass fraction is 0.01% is put into after taking-up, finally use aseptic water washing 4 times, each washing time is 3min, the interval time of washing time is 10min, and when rinsing, the temperature of sterilized water is 30 DEG C；
(3) Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding: by step 1) earth between heating wire and ditch on the breeding bed that obtains digs out 5cm thickness, breeding bed is made to form a groove between heating wire and ditch, again by step 2) the Rhizoma amorphophalli kind that obtains puts into 120 pieces according to every square metre, and the eye of Rhizoma amorphophalli block is tilted towards 45° angle, after treating that Rhizoma amorphophalli kind is paved with groove, the earth dug out is adopted to cover Rhizoma amorphophalli kind surface 1cm again, after repaving sawdust face 2cm, the remaining earth dug out is adopted to cover surface again, and till the earth dug out has been covered, adopting quick lime again is after 1:7 is mixed homogeneously with fenaminosulf according to mass ratio, it is sprinkling upon surface, every mu is spread 20kg, and to its surface sprinkling heteroauxing, every square metre is sprayed 0.5L, adopt bamboo cane shed again, and process with mulch film scaffolding, stand-by；
(4) nursery bed management: by step 3) canopy in temperature maintain 26 DEG C, and by mulch film canopy adopt light transmittance be the Shading net covering of 2%, after cultivating 30 days, remove sunshade net again, after constant temperature culture 60 days, the farm manure adopting the Temperature Treatment by 160 DEG C again becomes thoroughly decomposed liquid sprinkling once, fountain height is every mu and sprays 100kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue constant temperature culture 17 days, when the sprout grown is grown tall to 8cm, mulch film is removed, it is made to grow 10 days under natural environment, sprout is transplanted in Rhizoma amorphophalli planting base again and carries out cultivation management, conventionally manage after lodging to Rhizoma amorphophalli Seedling bar, results Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed, the weight of this Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed maintains 12g, Rhizoma amorphophalli kind can be obtained.
The concentration of described heteroauxing is 100ppm.
Described nutritional solution, is calculated as sucrose 30g, 6-benzyl aminopurine 0.05mg, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.5mg, agar 6.5mg with every liter and coordinates with sterilized water and form.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
Described nutritional solution also includes boric acid, is wherein calculated as every liter of nutritional solution with boron element and contains 0.153mg.
Described farm manure powder is to be after 10% by carrying out drying at the temperature of 300 DEG C to moisture, adopts pulverizer to be ground into the powder of 120 orders, then be placed in dehydrator by powder to dry to moisture be after 2%, at the powder being ground into 300 orders.
The described farm manure liquid that becomes thoroughly decomposed is methane liquid.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding bed is set up: choose the ground, vegetable garden that the content of organic matter is 90%, and spread quick lime 45kg according to every mu, the detergent water adopting mass fraction to be 5% again is sprayed at quick lime surface, and take limit to spray detergent waterside employing farm manure powder covering, farm manure powder overlay capacity is every mu and covers 90kg, after treating that farm manure powder has covered, farm manure liquid is adopted to spray its surface again, every mu is sprayed 200kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue to cover the farm manure powder that a layer thickness is 2cm, nitrogenous fertilizer is adopted to cover surface again, nitrogen fertilizer amount is every mu of 40kg, after nitrogenous fertilizer has covered, after adopting quick lime to cover 1cm thickness, and it is tight to fetch covering with ground sheeting, after the temperature in mulch film reaches 80 DEG C, persistently cover 3 days, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be undertaken ploughing deeply process by vegetable garden, ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 30cm, and in the process of ploughing deeply, the fenaminosulf 300g/ mu 1000g that adds water is adopted to be sprayed at earth's surface, after ploughing deeply continuously ground, vegetable garden 3 times back and forth, adopt covering with ground sheeting 30 days, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be raked in vegetable garden, and adopt quick lime 5kg/ mu to be sprinkling upon surface, again vegetable garden is carried out breeding bed foundation；Specifically when carrying out breeding bed and setting up, the Di Zuo railway carriage or compartment, vegetable garden processed is processed, railway carriage or compartment is wide is 1.8 meters, railway carriage or compartment length is 2.5 meters, and railway carriage or compartment is processed to ditching with width, ditch depth is 10cm, enough width are 10cm, and ditch will adopt covering with ground sheeting, make the base section of mulch film composition ditch, namely guarantee that ditch will not leak, peak is formed between ditch and ditch, peak width is 30cm, the center at peak with width to being provided with pipeline, pipe interior is provided with heating wire, and the earth between the heating wire on peak and ditch is raked, and the earth raked is spread the quick lime of one layer of 0.3cm, and adopt fenaminosulf 300g/ mu water distribution 1kg sprinkling to process, and adopt farm manure powder to cover surface, cladding thickness is 2cm, adopt sieve to be sieved by earth again and cover farm manure powder surface afterwards；In the ditch that mulch film is the end, add nutritional solution again, and on mulch film, adopt sewing-needle jack, insert 800 for every mu, it is thus achieved that breeding bed, stand-by；
(2) Rhizoma amorphophalli kind sterilization: by eye, Rhizoma amorphophalli is cut in bulk, the size of every piece is uniform, and all has at least an eye on every piece, and the weight of every piece is 25g；And the Rhizoma amorphophalli block cut is placed in immersion treatment 30min in the washing powder solution that mass fraction is 3%, and the temperature of washing powder solution is 50 DEG C, being taken out by Rhizoma amorphophalli block is placed under sunlight after treatment with irradiation 2h again, again Rhizoma amorphophalli is placed in the ethanol of 75% and soaks 5min, immersion 7min in the hydrargyrum water that mass fraction is 0.01% is put into after taking-up, finally use aseptic water washing 5 times, each washing time is 5min, the interval time of washing time is 10min, and when rinsing, the temperature of sterilized water is 45 DEG C；
(3) Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding: by step 1) earth between heating wire and ditch on the breeding bed that obtains digs out 9cm thickness, breeding bed is made to form a groove between heating wire and ditch, again by step 2) the Rhizoma amorphophalli kind that obtains puts into 150 pieces according to every square metre, and the eye of Rhizoma amorphophalli block is tilted towards 45° angle, after treating that Rhizoma amorphophalli kind is paved with groove, the earth dug out is adopted to cover Rhizoma amorphophalli kind surface 3cm again, after repaving sawdust face 6cm, the remaining earth dug out is adopted to cover surface again, and till the earth dug out has been covered, adopting quick lime again is after 1:7 is mixed homogeneously with fenaminosulf according to mass ratio, it is sprinkling upon surface, every mu is spread 30kg, and to its surface sprinkling heteroauxing, every square metre is sprayed 1L, adopt bamboo cane shed again, and process with mulch film scaffolding, stand-by；
(4) nursery bed management: by step 3) canopy in temperature maintain 28 DEG C, and by mulch film canopy adopt light transmittance be the Shading net covering of 7%, after cultivating 40 days, remove sunshade net again, after constant temperature culture 70 days, the farm manure adopting the Temperature Treatment by 200 DEG C again becomes thoroughly decomposed liquid sprinkling once, fountain height is every mu and sprays 200kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue constant temperature culture 20 days, when the sprout grown is grown tall to 10cm, mulch film is removed, it is made to grow 15 days under natural environment, sprout is transplanted in Rhizoma amorphophalli planting base again and carries out cultivation management, conventionally manage after lodging to Rhizoma amorphophalli Seedling bar, results Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed, the weight of this Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed maintains 33g, Rhizoma amorphophalli kind can be obtained.
The concentration of described heteroauxing is 300ppm.
Described nutritional solution, is calculated as sucrose 30g, 6-benzyl aminopurine 2.5mg, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.5mg, agar 6.5mg with every liter and coordinates with sterilized water and form.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammoniomagnesium phosphate.
Described nutritional solution also includes Borax, is wherein calculated as every liter of nutritional solution with boron element and contains 0.189mg.
Described farm manure powder is to be after 15% by carrying out drying at the temperature of 800 DEG C to moisture, adopts pulverizer to be ground into the powder of 130 orders, then be placed in dehydrator by powder to dry to moisture be after 3%, at the powder being ground into 400 orders.
The described farm manure liquid that becomes thoroughly decomposed is methane liquid.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding bed is set up: choose the ground, vegetable garden that the content of organic matter is 85%, and spread quick lime 30kg according to every mu, the detergent water adopting mass fraction to be 3% again is sprayed at quick lime surface, and take limit to spray detergent waterside employing farm manure powder covering, farm manure powder overlay capacity is every mu and covers 75kg, after treating that farm manure powder has covered, farm manure liquid is adopted to spray its surface again, every mu is sprayed 150kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue to cover the farm manure powder that a layer thickness is 1.5cm, nitrogenous fertilizer is adopted to cover surface again, nitrogen fertilizer amount is every mu of 30kg, after nitrogenous fertilizer has covered, after adopting quick lime to cover 0.8cm thickness, and it is tight to fetch covering with ground sheeting, after the temperature in mulch film reaches 75 DEG C, persistently cover 2 days, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be undertaken ploughing deeply process by vegetable garden, ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 25cm, and in the process of ploughing deeply, the fenaminosulf 300g/ mu 1000g that adds water is adopted to be sprayed at earth's surface, after ploughing deeply continuously ground, vegetable garden 3 times back and forth, adopt covering with ground sheeting 25 days, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be raked in vegetable garden, and adopt quick lime 5kg/ mu to be sprinkling upon surface, again vegetable garden is carried out breeding bed foundation；Specifically when carrying out breeding bed and setting up, the Di Zuo railway carriage or compartment, vegetable garden processed is processed, railway carriage or compartment is wide is 1.5 meters, railway carriage or compartment length is 2.1 meters, and railway carriage or compartment is processed to ditching with width, ditch depth is 10cm, enough width are 9cm, and ditch will adopt covering with ground sheeting, make the base section of mulch film composition ditch, namely guarantee that ditch will not leak, peak is formed between ditch and ditch, peak width is 25cm, the center at peak with width to being provided with pipeline, pipe interior is provided with heating wire, and the earth between the heating wire on peak and ditch is raked, and the earth raked is spread the quick lime of one layer of 0.3cm, and adopt fenaminosulf 300g/ mu water distribution 1kg sprinkling to process, and adopt farm manure powder to cover surface, cladding thickness is 1.5cm, adopt sieve to be sieved by earth again and cover farm manure powder surface afterwards；In the ditch that mulch film is the end, add nutritional solution again, and on mulch film, adopt sewing-needle jack, insert 700 for every mu, it is thus achieved that breeding bed, stand-by；
(2) Rhizoma amorphophalli kind sterilization: by eye, Rhizoma amorphophalli is cut in bulk, the size of every piece is uniform, and all has at least an eye on every piece, and the weight of every piece is 15g；And the Rhizoma amorphophalli block cut is placed in immersion treatment 25min in the washing powder solution that mass fraction is 2.5%, and the temperature of washing powder solution is 45 DEG C, being taken out by Rhizoma amorphophalli block is placed under sunlight after treatment with irradiation 1.5h again, again Rhizoma amorphophalli is placed in the ethanol of 75% and soaks 4min, immersion 5min in the hydrargyrum water that mass fraction is 0.01% is put into after taking-up, finally use aseptic water washing 5 times, each washing time is 4min, the interval time of washing time is 10min, and when rinsing, the temperature of sterilized water is 37 DEG C；
(3) Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding: by step 1) earth between heating wire and ditch on the breeding bed that obtains digs out 7cm thickness, breeding bed is made to form a groove between heating wire and ditch, again by step 2) the Rhizoma amorphophalli kind that obtains puts into 130 pieces according to every square metre, and the eye of Rhizoma amorphophalli block is tilted towards 45° angle, after treating that Rhizoma amorphophalli kind is paved with groove, the earth dug out is adopted to cover Rhizoma amorphophalli kind surface 2cm again, after repaving sawdust face 5cm, the remaining earth dug out is adopted to cover surface again, and till the earth dug out has been covered, adopting quick lime again is after 1:7 is mixed homogeneously with fenaminosulf according to mass ratio, it is sprinkling upon surface, every mu is spread 25kg, and to its surface sprinkling heteroauxing, every square metre is sprayed 0.9L, adopt bamboo cane shed again, and process with mulch film scaffolding, stand-by；
(4) nursery bed management: by step 3) canopy in temperature maintain 27 DEG C, and by mulch film canopy adopt light transmittance be the Shading net covering of 3%, after cultivating 35 days, remove sunshade net again, after constant temperature culture 65 days, the farm manure adopting the Temperature Treatment by 190 DEG C again becomes thoroughly decomposed liquid sprinkling once, fountain height is every mu and sprays 150kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue constant temperature culture 19 days, when the sprout grown is grown tall to 9cm, mulch film is removed, it is made to grow 13 days under natural environment, sprout is transplanted in Rhizoma amorphophalli planting base again and carries out cultivation management, conventionally manage after lodging to Rhizoma amorphophalli Seedling bar, results Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed, the weight of this Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed maintains 25g, Rhizoma amorphophalli kind can be obtained.
The concentration of described heteroauxing is 200ppm.
Described nutritional solution, is calculated as sucrose 30g, 6-benzyl aminopurine 1.7mg, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.5mg, agar 6.5mg with every liter and coordinates with sterilized water and form.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium sulfate magnesium.
Described farm manure powder is to be after 11% by carrying out drying at the temperature of 500 DEG C to moisture, adopts pulverizer to be ground into the powder of 125 orders, then be placed in dehydrator by powder to dry to moisture be after 2.5%, at the powder being ground into 350 orders.
The described farm manure liquid that becomes thoroughly decomposed is methane liquid.
It is important to point out at this, above example is only limitted to technical scheme is further elaborated and illustrates, is not the further restriction to technical scheme.
Claims (7)
1. a Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) breeding bed is set up: choose the ground, vegetable garden that the content of organic matter is 80-90%, and spread quick lime 15-45kg according to every mu, the detergent water adopting mass fraction to be 1-5% again is sprayed at quick lime surface, and take limit to spray detergent waterside employing farm manure powder covering, farm manure powder overlay capacity is every mu and covers 50-90kg, after treating that farm manure powder has covered, farm manure liquid is adopted to spray its surface again, every mu is sprayed 100-200kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue to cover the farm manure powder that a layer thickness is 1-2cm, nitrogenous fertilizer is adopted to cover surface again, nitrogen fertilizer amount is every mu of 20-40kg, after nitrogenous fertilizer has covered, after adopting quick lime to cover 0.5-1cm thickness, and it is tight to fetch covering with ground sheeting, after the temperature in mulch film reaches 70-80 DEG C, persistently cover 1-3 days, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be undertaken ploughing deeply process by vegetable garden, ploughing deeply the degree of depth is 20-30cm, and in the process of ploughing deeply, the fenaminosulf 300g/ mu 1000g that adds water is adopted to be sprayed at earth's surface, after ploughing deeply continuously ground, vegetable garden 2-3 time back and forth, adopt covering with ground sheeting 20-30 days, open mulch film, harrow nail is adopted to be raked in vegetable garden, and adopt quick lime 5kg/ mu to be sprinkling upon surface, again vegetable garden is carried out breeding bed foundation；Specifically when carrying out breeding bed and setting up, the Di Zuo railway carriage or compartment, vegetable garden processed is processed, railway carriage or compartment width is 1.3-1.8 rice, railway carriage or compartment length is 1.8-2.5 rice, and railway carriage or compartment is processed to ditching with width, ditch depth is 10cm, enough width are 6-10cm, and ditch will adopt covering with ground sheeting, make the base section of mulch film composition ditch, namely guarantee that ditch will not leak, peak is formed between ditch and ditch, peak width is 20-30cm, the center at peak with width to being provided with pipeline, pipe interior is provided with heating wire, and the earth between the heating wire on peak and ditch is raked, and the earth raked is spread the quick lime of one layer of 0.2-0.3cm, and adopt fenaminosulf 300g/ mu water distribution 1kg sprinkling to process, and adopt farm manure powder to cover surface, cladding thickness is 1-2cm, adopt sieve to be sieved by earth again and cover farm manure powder surface afterwards；In the ditch that mulch film is the end, add nutritional solution again, and on mulch film, adopt sewing-needle jack, every mu slotting 500-800, it is thus achieved that breeding bed, stand-by；
(2) Rhizoma amorphophalli kind sterilization: by eye, Rhizoma amorphophalli is cut in bulk, the size of every piece is uniform, and all has at least an eye on every piece, and the weight of every piece is 10-25g；And the Rhizoma amorphophalli block cut is placed in immersion treatment 20-30min in the washing powder solution that mass fraction is 2-3%, and the temperature of washing powder solution is 40-50 DEG C, being taken out by Rhizoma amorphophalli block is placed under sunlight after treatment with irradiation 1-2h again, again Rhizoma amorphophalli is placed in the ethanol of 75% and soaks 3-5min, immersion 3-7min in the hydrargyrum water that mass fraction is 0.01% is put into after taking-up, finally use aseptic water washing 4-5 time, each washing time is 3-5min, the interval time of washing time is 10min, and when rinsing, the temperature of sterilized water is 30-45 DEG C；
(3) Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding: by step 1) earth between heating wire and ditch on the breeding bed that obtains digs out 5-9cm thickness, breeding bed is made to form a groove between heating wire and ditch, again by step 2) the Rhizoma amorphophalli kind that obtains puts into 120-150 block according to every square metre, and the eye of Rhizoma amorphophalli block is tilted towards 45° angle, after treating that Rhizoma amorphophalli kind is paved with groove, the earth dug out is adopted to cover Rhizoma amorphophalli kind surface 1-3cm again, after repaving sawdust face 2-6cm, the remaining earth dug out is adopted to cover surface again, and till the earth dug out has been covered, adopting quick lime again is after 1:7 is mixed homogeneously with fenaminosulf according to mass ratio, it is sprinkling upon surface, every mu is spread 20-30kg, and to its surface sprinkling heteroauxing, every square metre is sprayed 0.5-1L, adopt bamboo cane shed again, and process with mulch film scaffolding, stand-by；
(4) nursery bed management: by step 3) canopy in temperature maintain 26-28 DEG C, and by mulch film canopy adopt light transmittance be the Shading net covering of 2-7%, after cultivating 30-40 days, remove sunshade net again, after constant temperature culture 60-70 days, the farm manure adopting the Temperature Treatment by 160-200 DEG C again becomes thoroughly decomposed liquid sprinkling once, fountain height is every mu and sprays 100-200kg, to be sprayed complete after, continue constant temperature culture 17-20 days, when the sprout grown is grown tall to 8-10cm, mulch film is removed, it is made to grow 10-15 days under natural environment, sprout is transplanted in Rhizoma amorphophalli planting base again and carries out cultivation management, conventionally manage after lodging to Rhizoma amorphophalli Seedling bar, results Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed, the weight of this Rhizoma amorphophalli original seed maintains 12-33g, Rhizoma amorphophalli kind can be obtained.
2. Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration of described heteroauxing is 100-300ppm.
3. Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described nutritional solution, is calculated as sucrose 30g, 6-benzyl aminopurine 0.05-2.5mg, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.5mg, agar 6.5mg with every liter and coordinates with sterilized water and form.
4. Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is the one in ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium-potassium phosphate, ammoniomagnesium phosphate, ammonium sulfate magnesium.
5. Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described nutritional solution also includes the one in boric acid, Borax, is wherein calculated as every liter of nutritional solution with boron element and contains 0.153-0.189mg.
6. Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described farm manure powder is by after carrying out drying at the temperature of 300-800 DEG C and being 10-15% to moisture, pulverizer is adopted to be ground into the powder of 120-130 order, after being placed in dehydrator by powder again to dry and being 2-3% to moisture, at the powder being ground into 300-400 order.
7. Rhizoma amorphophalli breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the described farm manure liquid that becomes thoroughly decomposed is methane liquid.
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| CN106718744A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 许连峰 | A kind of konjaku bottom set fast seedling-cultivating method |
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| CN110583144A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-20 | 贵州吉丰种业有限责任公司 | Treatment method of konjak seeds |
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