CN105665016B - 一种固载含氟醇及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种固载含氟醇催化剂(式I)及其制备方法与应用。式I中,A独立选自C2‑C8的饱和多氟或全氟碳链、C2‑C8的不饱和多氟或全氟碳链。式I的制备方法包括以下步骤:a.苯乙烯‑二乙烯苯交联树脂与磺酰氯反应制得固载磺酰氯(式II);b.在碱性条件下,固载磺酰氯(式II)与三甲基硅氧基含氟醇(式III)反应,制得固载三甲硅氧基含氟醇的磺酸酯(式IV);c.固载三甲硅氧基含氟醇的磺酸酯(式IV)在四丁基氟化铵作用下脱硅基,制得固载含氟醇催化剂(式I)。该催化剂容易制备,可循环利用。所述催化剂可应用于Baeyer‑Villiger氧化反应,产物收率高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成领域,具体涉及一种固载含氟醇及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
含氟醇化合物广泛应用于医药、农药、含氟表面活性剂、染料等领域。Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应是应用广泛的反应之一。1986年,利用氟醇的特殊性质,Matsumoto等在没有任何催化剂的情况下,以2,2,2-三氟乙醇为溶剂,用环丁酮和30%的H2O2经Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应高收率的制备了γ-丁内酯(Heterocycles, 1986, 24, 1443)。2000年,Neumann等以1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2-丙醇为溶剂,以酮与60%的H2O2反应,也较高收率的制备了相应的内酯( Org. Lett. 2000, 2, 2861)。这两种方法均是利用含氟醇可以活化H2O2的性质,提高了Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应的选择性和收率。但是,以价格昂贵的氟醇为溶剂,用量大,回收麻烦,不适于大规模工业化生产。
本发明涉及的将含氟醇固载在苯乙烯-二乙烯苯交联树脂上,在含氟醇催化完成Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应后,可经简单过滤、方便的回收并可循环利用,大大降低了生产成本。因此,本发明所涉及的催化剂具有很强的创新性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种固载含氟醇及其制备方法与应用。
本发明提供的固载含氟醇催化剂,其结构通式如下(式I):
式I
式I中,A独立选自C2-C8的饱和多氟或全氟碳链、C2-C8的不饱和多氟或全氟碳链。
本发明所提供的固载含氟醇催化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a.苯乙烯-二乙烯苯交联树脂(含1-3%的二乙烯苯)固载磺酰氯(式II)的合成,可以参考文献方法(J.Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 4634)获得;
b. 在一定有机溶剂中,固载磺酰氯(式II)与三甲硅氧基含氟醇(式III)在碱存在下,室温反应一定的时间,过滤,有机溶剂洗涤,干燥,制得固载三甲硅氧基含氟醇的磺酸酯(式IV);
c. 将固载三甲硅氧基含氟醇的磺酸酯(式IV)加入到一定体积的THF中,再加入一定量的四丁基氟化铵,室温反应1h,过滤,THF洗涤、真空干燥,制得固载含氟醇催化剂(式I)。其合成路线如下所示。
本发明还提供了所述固载含氟醇催化剂可在Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应中应用。
在上述应用中,将酮、所述的固载含氟醇催化剂溶于有机溶剂中,加入H2O2(质量分数为30-60%),一定温度下,反应一定的时间,过滤,有机溶剂洗涤,干燥,回收固载含氟醇催化剂并循环利用。滤液加入饱和Na2SO3溶液,搅拌5分钟,静置分层,Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,纯化,得相应的酯。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果主要体现在:涉及的固载含氟醇催化剂结构新颖,容易制备。它催化的Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应后处理简单,只需抽滤即可分离催化剂与产物,产物易纯化。催化剂可以催化多种酮的Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应。催化剂循环利用5次,催化活性不变。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
实施例1-4说明的是所述固载含氟醇催化剂的合成。
实施例5-8说明的是所述固载含氟醇催化剂在Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应中应用。
实施例1
聚乙二醇单甲醚固载含氟醇催化剂(1)的制备。
催化剂(1)的结构如下式所示。
苯乙烯-二乙烯苯交联树脂(2%的二乙烯苯)固载磺酰氯(式II)的合成,参考文献方法(J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 4634)制备(Cl含量为4.73 mmol/g)。
将0.42g(1mmol Cl)苯乙烯-二乙烯苯交联树脂固载磺酰氯加入到1.88 g (8mmol) 2,2,3,3-四氟-4-三甲硅氧基-1-丁醇、0.28 mL(2 mmol)Et3N 与 30 mLCH2Cl2的混合物中,室温反应24h,过滤,甲醇(15 mL × 2)、H2O (15 mL × 2)和甲醇(15 mL × 2)洗涤,真空干燥,得到0.88g固载2,2,3,3-四氟-4-三甲硅氧基-1-丁醇磺酸酯。通过硫元素含量分析,测得含硫量为7.392%,折算后其等效氟醇固载量为2.31mmol/g。
将固载2,2,3,3-四氟-4-三甲硅氧基-1-丁醇磺酸酯0.8g(1.84 mmol,固载量为2.31mmol/g)加入到15 mL的THF中,再加入1.92g(7.38 mmol)四丁基氟化铵,室温反应1h,过滤,THF洗涤、真空干燥,制得0.64g催化剂(1),氟醇固载量为2.31mmol/g。
实施例2
聚乙二醇单甲醚固载含氟醇催化剂(2)的制备。
催化剂(2)的结构如下式所示。
用2.28 g (8 mmol) 2,2,3,3,4,4-六氟-5-三甲硅氧基-1-戊醇和0.16g(2 mmol)吡啶分别代替实施例1中的1.88 g (8 mmol) 2,2,3,3-四氟-4-三甲硅氧基-1-丁醇和0.28mL(2 mmol)Et3N,其它操作相同,制得0.80g催化剂(2),氟醇固载量为2.29 mmol/g。
实施例3
聚乙二醇单甲醚固载含氟醇催化剂(3)的制备。
催化剂(3)的结构如下式所示。
用1.50 g (8 mmol) 3,3,3-三氟-2-三甲硅氧基-1-丙醇代替实施例2中的2.28 g(8 mmol) 2,2,3,3,4,4-六氟-5-三甲硅氧基-1-戊醇,其它操作相同,制得0.62g催化剂(3),氟醇固载量为2.15 mmol/g。
实施例4
聚乙二醇单甲醚固载含氟醇催化剂(4)的制备。
催化剂(4)的结构如下式所示:
用2.68 g (8 mmol) 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟-6-三甲硅氧基-1-己醇代替实施例1中的1.88 g (8 mmol) 2,2,3,3-四氟-4-三甲硅氧基-1-丁醇,其它操作相同,制得0.90g催化剂(4),氟醇固载量为2.28mmol/g。
实施例5
将1.5g (10 mmol)的2-金刚烷酮、0.43g (1mmol)的催化剂(1)(负载量为2.31mmol/g)加入10mL三氯甲烷中,加热至60℃,加入1.4mL(25mmol) H2O2(质量分数为60%),反应20h,冷却至室温,过滤,催化剂用5mL×3三氯甲烷洗涤,真空干燥,循环利用。滤液加入5mL饱和Na2SO3溶液,搅拌5分钟,静置分层,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得2-金刚烷内酯1.66g,收率88%;1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 4.48(m, 1H),3.07 (m, 1H), 1.70-2.15(m,12H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 179.2, 73.1, 41.2, 35.7, 33.7, 30.9, 25.8。
实施例6
将1.46g (10 mmol)的3-苯基-环丁酮、0.46g (1mmol)的催化剂(3)(负载量为2.15mmol/g),加入到10mL三氯甲烷中,加热至60℃,加入2.8 mL(25mmol)H2O2(质量分数为30%),反应36h,冷却至室温,过滤,催化剂用5mL×3三氯甲烷洗涤,真空干燥,循环利用。滤液加入5mL饱和Na2SO3溶液,搅拌5分钟,静置分层,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得β-苯基-γ-丁内酯1.41g,收率75%,含量为98.7%;1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.30-7.26(m, 2H), 7.23-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.19-7.13 (m, 2H), 4.58 (t, J = 10Hz, 1H), 4.18 (t, J = 10Hz,1H), 3.74-3.56 (m, 1H),2.87-2.80 (m,1H), 2.52-2.50 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (100 MHz,CDCl3) δ 176.4, 139.3, 129.1, 127.7, 126.7, 74.0, 41.1, 35.7。
实施例7
将1.5g (10 mmol)的2-金刚烷酮、0.43g (1mmol)的催化剂(4)(负载量为2.28mmol/g)加入到10mL三氯甲烷中,加热至50℃,加入1.4mL(25mmol) H2O2(质量分数为60%),反应24h,冷却至室温,过滤,催化剂用5mL×3三氯甲烷洗涤,真空干燥,循环利用。滤液加入5mL饱和Na2SO3溶液,搅拌5分钟,静置分层,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得2-金刚烷内酯1.60g,收率84%。
实施例8
将1.46g (10 mmol)的3-苯基-环丁酮、0.43g (1mmol)的催化剂(2)(负载量为2.29mmol/g)加入到10mL三氯甲烷中,加热至60℃,加入1.7mL(25mmol)H2O2(质量分数为50%),反应24h,冷却至室温,过滤,催化剂用5mL×3三氯甲烷洗涤,真空干燥,循环利用。滤液加入5mL饱和Na2SO3溶液,搅拌5分钟,静置分层,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得β-苯基-γ-丁内酯1.34g,收率83%,含量为99.0%。
实施例9
催化剂循环使用性能测试。
以催化剂(1)为例,操作方法与实施例5相同,只是催化剂(1)回收后,循环用于2-金刚烷酮的Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应,结果见表1。结果显示,催化剂(1)循环利用5次,活性不减。催化剂(2)、催化剂(3)和催化剂(4)也有同样的循环使用效果。
Claims (4)
1.一种固载含氟醇催化剂,其结构通式如下式所示(式I):
式I
式I中,A独立选自C2-C8的饱和多氟或全氟碳链、C2-C8的不饱和多氟或全氟碳链。
2.一种制备权利要求1所述的固载含氟醇催化剂的方法,包括以下步骤:
a. 苯乙烯-二乙烯苯交联树脂固载磺酰氯(式II)的合成;
b. 在一定有机溶剂中,苯乙烯-二乙烯苯交联树脂固载磺酰氯(式II)与三甲硅氧基含氟醇(式III)在碱存在下,室温反应一定的时间,过滤,有机溶剂洗涤,干燥,制得固载三甲硅氧基含氟醇的磺酸酯(式IV);
c. 将固载三甲硅氧基含氟醇的磺酸酯(式IV)加入到一定体积的THF中,再加入一定量的四丁基氟化铵,室温反应1h,过滤,THF洗涤、真空干燥,制得固载含氟醇催化剂(式I);其合成路线如下所示
。
3.根据权利要求1所述的固载含氟醇催化剂(式I)在Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应中应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于包括以下步骤:将酮、所述的固载含氟醇催化剂溶于有机溶剂中,加入质量分数为30-60%的H2O2,一定温度下,反应一定的时间,过滤,有机溶剂洗涤,干燥,回收固载含氟醇催化剂并循环利用,滤液加入饱和Na2SO3溶液,搅拌5分钟,静置分层,Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,纯化,得相应的酯。
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DE19745442A1 (de) * | 1997-10-15 | 1999-04-22 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Lactonen durch Baeyer-Villiger-Oxidation |
CN103846103A (zh) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-11 | 南京理工大学 | 一种硅胶负载型催化剂及其在Baeyer-Villiger反应中的应用 |
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DE19745442A1 (de) * | 1997-10-15 | 1999-04-22 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Lactonen durch Baeyer-Villiger-Oxidation |
CN103846103A (zh) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-06-11 | 南京理工大学 | 一种硅胶负载型催化剂及其在Baeyer-Villiger反应中的应用 |
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