CN105612975A - Cultivation method of purple cabbage - Google Patents

Cultivation method of purple cabbage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105612975A
CN105612975A CN201410622476.9A CN201410622476A CN105612975A CN 105612975 A CN105612975 A CN 105612975A CN 201410622476 A CN201410622476 A CN 201410622476A CN 105612975 A CN105612975 A CN 105612975A
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water
soil
seedling
management
root
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李百健
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NANJING XINSHIJI INST OF GARDENING
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NANJING XINSHIJI INST OF GARDENING
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Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of commercial crop, particularly relates to a high-yield and high-quality cultivation method of purple cabbage, and solves the problem of non-standard cultivation of purple cabbage by planters. The cultivation method comprises steps as follows: fine soil preparation, seedling bed management, transplantion and water-fertilizer management of a field. The cultivation method is simple in technical operation, can be easily accepted by farmers and is suitable for popularization and application in various levels of agricultural techniques; seedlings cultivated with the method have multiple leaves and fibrous roots and are strong, and the purple cabbage is good in quality, high in yield, high in commodity and long is storage period and is cultivated standardly and conveniently.

Description

A kind of cultural method of purple cabbage
Technical field
The invention belongs to the arable farming in agricultural technology field, specifically the cultural method of a kind of purple cabbage.
Background technology
Purple cabbage, also known as red cabbage, red Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, is commonly called as purple cabbage, a mutation in Cruciferae, Btassica brassica specie. It is a type in common head cabbage, owing to its siphonal lobe and leaf-head are all aubergine, therefore named. Purple cabbage is also purple Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, and blade is purplish red, and there are wax powder, leaf-head subcircular in blade face. Nutritious, especially contain vitamin C, U and the more vitamin E and B race that enrich. Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae belongs to semi-hardy vegetable, the nice and cool weather of happiness. Siphonal lobe growth is suitable to during temperature 20��25 DEG C. Entering the heading stage, suitable humidity is 15��25 DEG C. Purple cabbage cold hardiness is relatively strong, resistant to the short time low temperature of-5��-7 DEG C. Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae is long-day plant, and First Year forms leaf-head, and next year completes vernalization under the cryogenic conditions of 2��6 DEG C, meets long-day conditions, just can bolting, bloom, result. Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae is many to water demand, and nutrient is maximum with nitrogen fertilizer requirement. Though the adaptability of soil is wide, but the deep sand loam fertile, well-drained of soil layer or clay loam are as well. Therefore, it is necessary to the cultivation technique of purple cabbage is studied, to provide a kind of high yield and quality cultivation method of science.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the high yield cultivating method being in that to provide a kind of purple cabbage, method is easy, and cultivation is convenient, by good time nursery, Honda transplanting, rational close planting, rich water quality management, improves purple cabbage yield.
For achieving the above object, the adopted techniques below measure of the present invention:
One, the main phenological period of purple cabbage cultivation and production
1, seedling bed sowing time: late Febuary-mid-March
2, Honda transplanting time: late April-the first tenday period of a month in May
3, bulb expanding stage: late June-mid-August
4, the lodging phase: mid-August-late August
5, harvest time: mid-August-early September
Two, seed selection, whole, fertilising, bedding
1, seed selection: select the purple cabbage first generation of hybrid kind series being suitable for climatic characteristic.
2, wholely: selecting prepartion of land, fertile, have irrigation condition, loam, sandy loam and the black earth that permeability is good, the plot of P in soil H-number 6.3-7.8 is preferred. Be preferably made the autumn wholely, autumn fertilising, autumn bedding, the soil scarifying degree of depth is 20-25cm, leveling, rake are thin, complex fertilizer fully, uniformly.
3, basal dressing: fertilizer in conjunction with the autumn whole puddle and apply, chemical fertilizer can apply after soil in spring thaws 20-25cm.
(1) seedling bed: every mu applies fertilizer 4-5 ton or the chicken manure 2 tons of sieving that become thoroughly decomposed. Diammonium 25-30kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 7-10kg/ mu, phosphorus element activator 1kg/ mu. Revolve cake after applying uniform, fully puddle with soil.
(2) Honda: every mu applies fertilizer 4-5 ton or the chicken manure 2 tons of sieving that become thoroughly decomposed. Diammonium 50kg/ mu, carbamide 20kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 12kg/ mu, phosphorus element activator 1kg/ mu. Revolve cake after applying uniform, fully puddle with soil.
4, bedding: fertilising, rotation cake uniformly rear bedding. Furrow face width degree: 100-120cm under Sprinkler Irrigation; 90cm under furrow irrigation. Furrow face height: 15-20cm; Flat furrow or low furrow, furrow width 30-35cm between furrow can be made in high temperature and drought sand loam soil area.
Three, seedling bed earth sterilization
Take 70% carbendazim and 50% thiram to mix with weight ratio 1: 1 ratio, take 8-10g mixed powder and convert the thin dry ground of 15kg, mix uniformly, spread fertilizer over the fields the sowing of bed surface post-trenching.
Four, sowing
1, application rate: every mu of Honda application rate is 125-150g, every square metre of seeding in nursery bed amount is 7-8g, and seedling bed area and Honda area ratio are 1: 22.
2, seed treatment: medicated powder Waterless Seed Dressing after taking 70% carbendazim and 50% thiram to mix with weight ratio 1: 1 ratio, medicated powder consumption is the 0.3% of grain weight.
3, sowing program and method:
Seed �� earthing �� top of ditching �� twist with the fingers, furrow face presses �� waters that sufficient water �� put poison bait �� covering film. Trench depth 1.5-2.0cm, ditch spacing 6cm, thickness of earth covering 0.8-1.0cm.
Five, seedbed management and seedling standard
1, water, fertile management: ensure seedbed soil moisture sufficient also in after planting in time water spray once, makes upper and lower aqueous phase connect, until emerge take off film before do not water, 60-80% takes off film and sprays water at any time once after emerging, ensure later seedbed see dry see wet. Before transplanting, the seedling exercising phase waters relatively less, when seedling height is 10-15cm, combines to water depending on the growth of cereal crop seedlings and topdresses in right amount and foliage application; Transplant before 10-15 days spray 1-2 hypophosphorous acid potassium dihydrogen 0.2-0.4% liquid, with promotes transplanting after root of hair.
2, temperature treatment: keep after planting emerge before daytime temperature 20-25 DEG C, nighttime temperature is more than 13 DEG C; After emerging, keep daytime temperature 15-20 DEG C, leak informaton more than 28 DEG C, nighttime temperature 10 DEG C, it is not less than 8 DEG C.
3, seedling standard: blade 3-4 sheet, cauloid 0.4-0.5cm, plant height 25-30cm, long 4-5cm, fibrous root 13-15 bar, seedling age 45-55 days.
Six, transplanting and planting density
1, lifting, be stained with root: lifting seedbed the previous day is beaten permeable so that lifting, classification bundling after lifting, removes soil and cuts off the scattered root with earth, is subsequently placed in deinsectization in medicine basin, sterilizing, and liquid formula is: phoxim 600 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid+carbendazim.
2, method for transplanting: transplant with peg wood jack, degree of depth 3cm, can not be excessively deep.
3, planting density: density 2.5-3.0 ten thousand plants/acre, seeding row spacing 13-15 �� 13-15cm.
Seven, Honda management
1, water management: the time of infertility generally waters 7-10 time.
(1) field planting water: water in time once after field planting, makes root system and soil contiguity, unsuitable flood irrigation.
(2) seedling recovering water: should little water duty water to slow Seedling after field planting, keeps rhizosphere soil to moisten, not hydrops.
(3) restraining the growth of seedlings, short root: suitably control water 5-7 days after slow Seedling, promote root system development.
(4) tiller water: after restraining the growth of seedlings enter normal water be in charge of reason, within 7-10 days, water once, keep soil see dry see wet, humidity 60-80%, moisten as principle with root layer.
(5) control water converts: before bulb expands, suitably control water, to realize the conversion that leaf growth expands to bulb, it is prevented that excessive growth.
(6) bulb expands water: enters normal water after transition phase and is in charge of reason, can not hydropenia, otherwise affect yield.
(7) cut off the water: plant stops watering after there is lodging, to prevent water from dividing excessive rotting.
2, fertilizing management:
(1) short root carries seed manure: combine, after slow Seedling, ammonium sulfate 10-15kg/ mu or the carbamide 10kg/ mu of topdressing that waters.
(2) urge head fertile: bulb topdresses before expanding ammonium sulfate 10-15kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 8kg/ mu; Leaf surface spraying concentration is potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-4 time of 0.2-0.4%.
(3) painted fertilizer: first about 15 days of harvest time, namely bulb expands the Sheng phase and carries out, foliage-spray 0.1-0.3% borate.
3, intertillage management:
Carrying out 2-3 shallow intertillage to bulb before expanding after slow Seedling, the degree of depth is less than 3cm.
Eight, results, dry in the sun, storage
1, results, dry in the sun:
Preharvest period, spray purple cabbage closing in agent patented product (ZL200410011006.5), promote purple cabbage closing in consolidation. It is proper time when field 70-80% plant lodges, selects fine day to gather in the crops, it is desirable to after receipts, to have several continuous sunny, in case susceptible. Furrow face it is placed on the spot after rising, after making, row's purple cabbage leaf covers previous row's purple cabbage, do not make purple cabbage be subject to the roasting solarization of daylight as far as possible, through 2-3 days fine days, blade is listless soft, purple cabbage epidermis stays 4-5cm to cut in bulb portion before drying, preliminary classification pack, piling, build plastic foil rainwater-proof, ventilation, dry in the sun, air-dry, painted.
2, storage: entering cellar for storing things storage, thermophilic 0-2 DEG C before and after October 1, every day ventilates, relative humidity 65-70%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the technology of the present invention is simple to operate, it is easy to accepted by peasant, be suitable for agricultural technology extension at different levels application. The rice shoot blade cultivated by the present invention is many, and Bulbus Allii Fistulosi is long, and fibrous root is many, and rice shoot is sturdy; Purple cabbage quality better, yield are high, commodity rate is high, storage period is long, and culture criterion is convenient.
Detailed description of the invention
A, seed selection, whole, fertilising, bedding
1, seed selection: select the purple cabbage first generation of hybrid kind series being suitable for boreal climate feature.
2, wholely: selecting prepartion of land, fertile, have irrigation condition, loam, sandy loam and the black earth that permeability is good, the plot of P in soil H-number 6.3-7.8 is preferred. Be preferably made the autumn wholely, autumn fertilising, autumn bedding, the soil scarifying degree of depth is 20-25cm, leveling, rake are thin, complex fertilizer fully, uniformly.
3, basal dressing: fertilizer in conjunction with the autumn whole puddle and apply, chemical fertilizer can apply after soil in spring thaws 20-25cm.
(1) seedling bed: every mu applies fertilizer 4-5 ton or the chicken manure 2 tons of sieving that become thoroughly decomposed. Diammonium 25-30kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 7-10kg/ mu, phosphorus element activator 1kg/ mu. Revolve cake after applying uniform, fully puddle with soil.
(2) Honda: every mu applies fertilizer 4-5 ton or the chicken manure 2 tons of sieving that become thoroughly decomposed. Diammonium 50kg/ mu, carbamide 20kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 12kg/ mu, phosphorus element activator 1kg/ mu. Revolve cake after applying uniform, fully puddle with soil.
4, bedding: fertilising, rotation cake uniformly rear bedding. Furrow face width degree: 100-120cm under Sprinkler Irrigation; 90cm under furrow irrigation. Furrow face height: 15-20cm; Flat furrow or low furrow, furrow width 30-35cm between furrow can be made in high temperature and drought sand loam soil area.
B, seedling bed earth are sterilized
Take 70% carbendazim and 50% thiram to mix with weight ratio 1: 1 ratio, take 8-10g mixed powder and convert the thin dry ground of 15kg, mix uniformly, spread fertilizer over the fields the sowing of bed surface post-trenching.
C, sowing
1, application rate: every mu of Honda application rate is 125-150g, every square metre of seeding in nursery bed amount is 7-8g, and seedling bed area and Honda area ratio are 1: 22.
2, seed treatment: medicated powder Waterless Seed Dressing after taking 70% carbendazim and 50% thiram to mix with weight ratio 1: 1 ratio, medicated powder consumption is the 0.3% of grain weight.
3, sowing program and method:
Seed �� earthing �� top of ditching �� twist with the fingers, furrow face presses �� waters that sufficient water �� put poison bait �� covering film. Trench depth 1.5-2.0cm, ditch spacing 6cm, thickness of earth covering 0.8-1.0cm.
D, seedbed management and seedling standard
1, water, fertile management: ensure seedbed soil moisture sufficient also in after planting in time water spray once, makes upper and lower aqueous phase connect, until emerge take off film before do not water, 60-80% takes off film and sprays water at any time once after emerging, ensure later seedbed see dry see wet. Before transplanting, the seedling exercising phase waters relatively less, when seedling height is 10-15cm, combines to water depending on the growth of cereal crop seedlings and topdresses in right amount and foliage application; Transplant before 10-15 days spray 1-2 hypophosphorous acid potassium dihydrogen 0.2-0.4% liquid, with promotes transplanting after root of hair.
2, temperature treatment: keep after planting emerge before daytime temperature 20-25 DEG C, nighttime temperature is more than 13 DEG C; After emerging, keep daytime temperature 15-20 DEG C, leak informaton more than 28 DEG C, nighttime temperature 10 DEG C, it is not less than 8 DEG C.
3, seedling standard:
Blade 3-4 sheet, cauloid 0.4-0.5cm, plant height 25-30cm, long 4-5cm, fibrous root 13-15 bar, seedling age 45-55 days.
E, transplanting and planting density
1, lifting, be stained with root: lifting seedbed the previous day is beaten permeable so that lifting, classification bundling after lifting, removes soil and cuts off the scattered root with earth, is subsequently placed in deinsectization in medicine basin, sterilizing, and liquid formula is: phoxim 600 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid+carbendazim.
2, method for transplanting: transplant with peg wood jack, degree of depth 3cm, can not be excessively deep.
3, planting density: density 2.5-3.0 ten thousand plants/acre, seeding row spacing 13-15 �� 13-15cm.
F, Honda manage
1, water management: the time of infertility generally waters 7-10 time.
(1) field planting water: water in time once after field planting, makes root system and soil contiguity, unsuitable flood irrigation.
(2) seedling recovering water: should little water duty water to slow Seedling after field planting, keeps rhizosphere soil to moisten, not hydrops.
(3) restraining the growth of seedlings, short root: suitably control water 5-7 days after slow Seedling, promote root system development.
(4) tiller water: after restraining the growth of seedlings enter normal water be in charge of reason, within 7-10 days, water once, keep soil see dry see wet, humidity 60-80%, moisten as principle with root layer.
(5) control water converts: before bulb expands, suitably control water, to realize the conversion that leaf growth expands to bulb, it is prevented that excessive growth.
(6) bulb expands water: enters normal water after transition phase and is in charge of reason, can not hydropenia, otherwise affect yield.
(7) cut off the water: plant stops watering after there is lodging, to prevent water from dividing excessive rotting.
2, fertilizing management:
(1) short root carries seed manure: combine, after slow Seedling, ammonium sulfate 10-15kg/ mu or the carbamide 10kg/ mu of topdressing that waters.
(2) urge head fertile: bulb topdresses before expanding ammonium sulfate 10-15kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 8kg/ mu; Leaf surface spraying concentration is potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-4 time of 0.2-0.4%.
(3) painted fertilizer: first about 15 days of harvest time, namely bulb expands the Sheng phase and carries out, foliage-spray 0.1-0.3% borate.
3, intertillage management:
Carrying out 2-3 shallow intertillage to bulb before expanding after slow Seedling, the degree of depth is less than 3cm.
G, results, dry in the sun, storage
1, results, dry in the sun:
Preharvest period, spray purple cabbage closing in agent patented product (ZL200410011006.5), promote purple cabbage closing in consolidation. It is proper time when field 70-80% plant lodges, selects fine day to gather in the crops, it is desirable to after receipts, to have several continuous sunny, in case susceptible. Furrow face it is placed on the spot after playing purple cabbage, after making, row's purple cabbage leaf covers previous row's purple cabbage, do not make purple cabbage head be shone by daylight is roasting as far as possible, through 2-3 days fine days, blade is listless soft, onion epidermis stays 4-5cm to cut in bulb portion before drying, preliminary classification pack, piling, build plastic foil rainwater-proof, ventilation, dry in the sun, air-dry, painted.
2, storage: entering cellar for storing things storage, thermophilic 0-2 DEG C before and after July 1, every day ventilates, relative humidity 65-70%. Obtain purple cabbage of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the cultural method of a purple cabbage, it is characterised in that: this cultural method is completed by whole, nursery, seedbed management, transplanting, five key steps of Honda management: A, select kind: select the purple wild cabbage generation kind series being suitable for climatic characteristic; B, whole, fertilising, bedding: wholelyly, fertilising: select prepartion of land, fertile, have irrigation condition, loam, sandy loam and the black earth that permeability is good, the plot of P in soil H-number 6.3-7.8; The soil scarifying degree of depth is 20-25cm; Seedling bed applies fertilizer: every mu applies fertilizer 4-5 ton or the chicken manure 2 tons of sieving that become thoroughly decomposed, diammonium 25-30kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 7-10kg/ mu, phosphorus element activator 1kg/ mu; Revolve cake after applying uniform, fully puddle with soil; Fertilization: every mu applies fertilizer 4-5 ton or the chicken manure 2 tons of sieving that become thoroughly decomposed, diammonium 50kg/ mu, carbamide 20kg/ mu, potassium sulfate 12kg/ mu, phosphorus element activator 1kg/ mu; Revolve cake after applying uniform, fully puddle with soil; Bedding: fertilising, rotation cake uniformly rear bedding; Under Sprinkler Irrigation, furrow face width degree is 100-120cm, and under furrow irrigation, furrow face width degree is 90cm, and furrow face height is 15-20cm; C, sowing application rate: every mu of Honda application rate is 125-150g, and every square metre of seeding in nursery bed amount is 7-8g, and seedling bed area and Honda area ratio are 1: 22; Seed treatment: medicated powder Waterless Seed Dressing after taking 70% carbendazim and 50% thiram to mix with weight ratio 1: 1 ratio, medicated powder consumption is the 0.3% of grain weight; Sowing program and method: seed �� earthing �� top of ditching �� twist with the fingers, furrow face presses �� water that sufficient water �� put poison bait �� covering film; Trench depth 1.5-2.0cm, ditch spacing 6cm, thickness of earth covering 0.8-1.0cm; D, seedbed management water, fertile management: ensure seedbed soil moisture sufficient also in after planting in time water spray once, makes upper and lower aqueous phase connect, until emerge take off film before do not water, 60-80% takes off film and sprays water at any time once after emerging, ensure later seedbed see dry see wet; Before transplanting, the seedling exercising phase waters relatively less, when seedling height is 10-15cm, combines to water depending on the growth of cereal crop seedlings and topdresses in right amount; Transplant before 10-15 days spray 1-2 hypophosphorous acid potassium dihydrogen 0.2-0.4% liquid, with promotes transplanting after root of hair; Temperature treatment: keep after planting emerge before daytime temperature 20-25 DEG C, nighttime temperature is more than 13 DEG C; After emerging, keeping daytime temperature 15-20 DEG C, leak informaton more than 28 DEG C, nighttime temperature is not less than 8 DEG C; E, transplanting: lifting seedbed the previous day is beaten permeable so that lifting, classification bundling after lifting, remove soil and cut off the scattered root with earth, is subsequently placed in deinsectization in medicine basin, sterilizing, and liquid formula is: phoxim 600 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid+carbendazim; Transplant with peg wood jack, degree of depth 3cm; Density 2.5-3.0 ten thousand plants/acre, seeding row spacing 13-15 �� 13-15cm; F, Honda manage: water management: the time of infertility generally waters 7-10 time; (1) field planting water: water in time once after field planting, makes root system and soil contiguity, not flood irrigation; (2) seedling recovering water: should little water duty water to slow Seedling after field planting, keeps rhizosphere soil to moisten, not hydrops; (3) restraining the growth of seedlings, short root: suitably control water 5-7 days after slow Seedling, promote root system development; (4) tiller water: after restraining the growth of seedlings enter normal water be in charge of reason, within 7-10 days, water once, keep soil see dry see wet, humidity 60-80%, moisten as principle with root layer; (5) control water converts: before bulb expands, suitably control water, to realize the conversion that leaf growth expands to bulb, it is prevented that excessive growth;(6) bulb expands water: enters normal water after transition phase and is in charge of reason, can not hydropenia, otherwise affect yield; (7) cut off the water: plant stops watering after there is lodging, to prevent water from dividing excessive rotting; Fertilizing management: (1) short root carries seed manure: combine, after slow Seedling, ammonium sulfate 10-15kg/ mu or the carbamide 10kg/ mu of topdressing that waters; (2) urge head fertile: the ammonium sulfate 10-15kg/ mu that topdresses before expanding, potassium sulfate 8kg/ mu; Leaf surface spraying concentration is potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3-4 time of 0.2-0.4%; (3) short painted fertilizer: first about 15 days of harvest time, namely bulb expands the Sheng phase and carries out, foliage-spray 0.1-0.3% borate; Intertillage management: carrying out 2-3 shallow intertillage to bulb before expanding after slow Seedling, the degree of depth is less than 3cm.
CN201410622476.9A 2014-11-08 2014-11-08 Cultivation method of purple cabbage Pending CN105612975A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106233985A (en) * 2016-08-11 2016-12-21 邱文娟 One is survived the winter wild cabbage efficient cultivation method
CN107711355A (en) * 2017-11-26 2018-02-23 胡作林 A kind of high yield cultivating method of Brussels sprouts

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106233985A (en) * 2016-08-11 2016-12-21 邱文娟 One is survived the winter wild cabbage efficient cultivation method
CN107711355A (en) * 2017-11-26 2018-02-23 胡作林 A kind of high yield cultivating method of Brussels sprouts

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