CN105594461A - Approach grafting propagation method of Camellia nitidissima - Google Patents
Approach grafting propagation method of Camellia nitidissima Download PDFInfo
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- CN105594461A CN105594461A CN201510967546.9A CN201510967546A CN105594461A CN 105594461 A CN105594461 A CN 105594461A CN 201510967546 A CN201510967546 A CN 201510967546A CN 105594461 A CN105594461 A CN 105594461A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses an approach grafting propagation method of Camellia nitidissima. The method specifically includes the steps of selecting ordinary Camellia oleifera Abel as stock, selecting a lignified or half-lignified Camellia nitidissima branch which grows robustly and has 3-5 plump buds as a scion, grafting the Camellia nitidissima branch on the Camellia oleifera Abel stock through a cleft grafting and bark grafting method, and cultivating a Camellia nitidissima grafted seedling good in quality through the procedures of post-grafting management, transplanting, pot replacing, field transplanting and the like. By means of the method, users only need to freely pick branches of various specifications on a Camellia nitidissima parent body as propagation scions without digging stock plants of Camellia nitidissima, especially wild plants, and therefore the wild Camellia nitidissima resource is effectively protected and developed, and significance is profound. Meanwhile, after the grafted seedling survives, the Camellia nitidissima plant has been nursery stock of the large specification and is good in quality. By implementing the method, factorized, large-scale and intensive propagation production of Camellia nitidissima nursery stock is better facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant asexual multiplication technology field, be specifically related to the propagation method of being abutted against of a kind of Camellia nitidissima.
Background technology
Camellia nitidissima belongs to Theaceae Camellia, is traditional famous flower of special product of China, is also global famous and precious viewing and admiringPlant.
Camellia nitidissima is very rare, distributes extremely narrow. Only be distributed at present the orchid of China's tourist resources's Shiwan DashanMountain offshoot one is with, and grows in height above sea level below 700 meters, more common with the scope between height above sea level 200-500 rice,Under vertical distribution, be limited to 20 meters of left and right of height above sea level. As near the strand hills platform of Camellia nitidissima Fangcheng County king riverStill have distribution. The upper limit of vertical distribution can reach 890 meters of height above sea level, as that Tao great Shan of Ningming County still can see individualOther Camellia parvipetala, quantity is few, is rare in the world rare species. With treasure such as silver-colored China fir, spinulose tree fern, dove treesExpensive " plant living fossil " is equally celebrated for their achievements, is one of eight kinds of first-grade state protection plants of China, belongs to " wild moving planting in imminent dangerSpecies international trade pact " plant species in annex II, be referred to as magical " Dongfang " magic tea abroad, be described as and " plantThing circle giant panda ", " queen of tea family ".
Camellia nitidissima, except viewing and admiring, also has high medicinal, nutritive value: detect and show through authoritative institution, goldJasmine tea belongs to nontoxic level, contains more than the 400 kind of nutriment useful to human body. Be rich in Tea Polyphenols, total saponin, totalThe multiple natural nutrition compositions such as flavones, tea polysaccharide, Tea Pigment, caffeine, vitamin, amino acid; AndNatural organic germanium (Ge), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), vanadium (V) human body to important health-care effect etc. is manyPlanting trace element, is one of plant that occurring in nature is medicinal, nutritive value is the abundantest.
In sum, Camellia nitidissima has high economic worth.
Current, Camellia nitidissima be mainly by sowing, cuttage and seedling culture, tissue cultivate to breed expand numerous. Seed growingBelong to generative propagation, the nursery stock that this method breeds out can produce variation and cause keeping maternal inheritance moralStability. When cuttage and seedling culture, its Period Process is long, and after seedling, the plant of seedling is little. Mainly pass through at present groupKnit the problem of cultivating amount reproduction Tissue Culture Seedings of Chrysantha and solve seedling; But plant tissue culture technique is oneThe technical very strong work of item, infrastructure have high input, and aseptic condition requires high, and the hardening cycle is long, process is numerousTrivial.
Application number is " a kind of be applicable to the root-growing agent that Camellia nitidissima green wood cutting is grown seedlings " of 03124232.4, openA kind ofly be applicable to the root-growing agent that Camellia nitidissima green wood cutting is grown seedlings. This invention is grown seedlings for Camellia nitidissima green wood cutting,Can make Camellia nitidissima survival rate of seedling reach 95-98% in spring, autumn, reach 93-95% summer. Make Camellia nitidissimaThis first-grade state protection plant can be realized rapid propagation in factory, makes it to obtain more effective protection and exploitation profitWith. But the raw material variety that the root-growing agent described in this invention forms is various, complicated process of preparation.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned technology and provide being abutted against of brand-new a kind of Camellia nitidissima numerousCulturing method. Specifically comprise: select 1 centimetre of above branch of common oil tea diameter to make stock, select growth simultaneouslyHealthy and strong, have the Camellia nitidissima branch of 3 lignifyings to 5 full buds or semi-lignified as scion, by splittingConnect with the method for cortex grafting by the grafting of Camellia nitidissima branch to oil tea stock, be specially the suitable position at stock,Upper, left and right each quarter one, cutter, reached xylem deeply, and the skin of leaving behind, scion is attached on the inner side that stock draws skin,Again skin is pulled on and encased scion, scion clip covers paraffin, binds with plastic tape, exposes bud point, puts polybagMoisturizing. Finally by connecing rear management and transplanting, change the operation such as basin, field-transplanting and cultivate the gold of Good ConductJasmine tea grafting, grafting preference temperature is 25～30 DEG C, now stock epidermis Easy open, interface healing is fast,Survival rate is high. By implementing the present invention, only need take arbitrarily the branch of all size on Camellia nitidissima parent as numerousGrow cuttings, and do not need to excavate particularly Wild plant of its maternal plant, wild Camellia nitidissima resource is effectively protectedProtect and develop, of far-reaching significance. Meanwhile, after grafting survival, Camellia nitidissima plant just forms a strain specificationLarge nursery stock, and Good Conduct. Implement the present invention, reduced the burden of elite stand, increase grafting quantity, subtractFew workload; Paraffin layer reduces scion moisture loss, increases survival rate. More be conducive to the batch production of Camellia nitidissima nursery stock,Scale, intensive breed production.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Camellia nitidissima be abutted against a propagation method, in technical scheme, comprise the steps:
1, grafting place: in illumination abundance, the ground that draining is easy builds booth, and then sunshade net is large by plasticsCanopy seals, and keeping booth sunshade net light transmittance is 60% to 70%, temperature of shed≤35 DEG C, humidity90～95％。
2, stock is selected: select common oil tea to make stock, with appropriate to the occasion selection 3 years above, healthy and strong, rugosity >=2Centimetre, grow vigorous, without the container seedling of disease and pest.
3, scion collection: select robust growth on Camellia nitidissima elite stand, have 3 wooden to 5 full budsChange or semi-lignified branch are as scion, and scion is put into immediately after cutting and the container of clear water is housed or uses wet towelParcel, cuts off approximately 2/3 by the each blade in selected scion when grafting.
4, engrafting method: grafting has cleft grafting and cortex grafting, two kinds of methods all need to spray 70% first after completing grafting1000 times of liquid of base thiophanate wettable powder sleeving plastic bag, cleft grafting be at the liftoff footpath of stock place 8 centimetres to 10Centimeters is cut off, and in the middle of section, cuts dark approximately 2 centimetres to 3 centimetres of stock, and interface two ends are respectively inserted 1 and connectFringe, alignment forms the rear tinning paper colligation of layer; Cortex grafting is to 10 centimeters by 8 centimetres, liftoff stock footpath placeCut off, along dry vertical partial application to xylem, be about 2 centimetres to 3 centimetres in section one side, shelled cortex and insertedEnter the colligation of scion tinning paper, every strain can two or three scion of cortex grafting.
5, connect rear management: water in good time, keep matrix moistening, the rainy day is noted draining, grafting after 30 days andTime take off or scratch polybag, foliage-spray 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate adds 0.1% ammonium sulfate and mixes fertile; GraftingAfter 75 days to 100 days, progressively the plastic foil of booth is removed, retain sunshade net, take off film after 30 days solution tie up and byStep is carried out outdoor maintenance.
6, transplant: select wind sheltering, on the sunny side, physical features is smooth, irrigation condition is good, traffic relatively easilyInstitute carries out whole moisture in the soil transplanting, and 1 meter to 1.2 meters of moisture in the soil face width is high 15 centimetres to 20 centimetres, 40 centimetres of moisture in the soil spacing;First set grafting, should select the container of 16 centimetres of 16 cm x or 18 centimetres of specifications of 18 cm x; Change laterBasin and in vitro grafting are transplanted, and should select diameter to be about the container of 1/3 height of seedling.
7, change basin: change basin and a few days ago stop watering, nursery transplant is taken out, keep native ball original state, then by seedlingWood is placed in the middle of container, and native ball upper surface should be lower than 2 to 3 centimetres of vessel port, the fixing native ball of filling matrix, baseMatter is a little more than original soil ball surface; Complete after changing basin it is neatly put on moisture in the soil face, irrigate normal root water, blade face is everyIt spraying 2 to 3 times, is placed in maintenance under cool canopy, and spray humidification, takes off canopy gradually after 30 days.
8, field-transplanting: transplant that wind sheltering is selected in place, soil layer is deep, draining is good, soil pH value is 5.5To between 6.5, have the plot of the condition of necessarily sheltering from heat or light, transplant 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter × 0.3 meter of seeding row spacing to 0.5Rice; When seedling is cultured to 2 centimetres to 3 centimetres of leading threads, transplant for the first time 1 meter to 1.2 meters of seeding row spacing× 1 meter to 1.2 meters; While being cultured to 5 centimetres of leading threads, seeding row spacing is adjusted into 2 meters to 2.5 meters × 2 meters to 2.5Rice.
The present invention both had the following advantages:
1, its production technology of propagation by grafiting method of Camellia nitidissima proposed by the invention is simple, easily implements.
2, by implementing the present invention, by implementing the present invention, only need take arbitrarily various rule on Camellia nitidissima parentThe branch of lattice, as breeding cuttings, and does not need to excavate particularly Wild plant of its maternal plant, makes wild golden flower payment for teaSource is effectively protected and develops, of far-reaching significance.
3,, by implementing the present invention, after grafting survival, it is larger that Camellia nitidissima plant has just formed a strain specificationNursery stock, and Good Conduct.
4,, by implementing the present invention, be more conducive to the batch production of Camellia nitidissima nursery stock, scale, intensive breedingProduce.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, method of the present invention is further illustrated.
Camellia nitidissima be abutted against a propagation method, detailed description of the invention is as follows:
1, grafting place: in illumination abundance, the ground that draining is easy builds booth, and then sunshade net is large by plasticsCanopy seals, and keeping booth sunshade net light transmittance is 60% to 70%, temperature of shed≤35 DEG C, and humidity 90～95％。
2, stock is selected: select common oil tea to make stock, with appropriate to the occasion selection 3 years above, healthy and strong, rugosity >=2Centimetre, grow vigorous, without the container seedling of disease and pest.
3, scion collection: select robust growth on Camellia nitidissima elite stand, have 3 lignifyings to 5 full budsOr semi-lignified branch is as scion, scion is put into immediately after cutting and the container of clear water is housed or uses wet towel bagWrap up in, when grafting, the each blade in selected scion is cut off to approximately 2/3.
4, engrafting method: grafting has cleft grafting and cortex grafting, two kinds of methods all need to spray 70% first after completing grafting1000 times of liquid of base thiophanate wettable powder sleeving plastic bag, cleft grafting is at 8 centimetres to 10 lis, the liftoff footpath of stock placeThe cut-out of rice is cut dark approximately 2 centimetres to 3 centimetres of stock in the middle of section, 1 scion of the each insertion in interface two ends,Alignment forms the rear tinning paper colligation of layer; Cortex grafting is that 8 centimetres, liftoff stock footpath place to 10 centimeters are cut off,Along dry vertical partial application to xylem, be about 2 centimetres to 3 centimetres in section one side, shelled cortex and inserted scion tinningPaper colligation, every strain can two or three scion of cortex grafting.
5, connect rear management: water in good time, keep matrix moistening, the rainy day is noted draining, and grafting 30 days is timely afterwardsTake off or scratch polybag, foliage-spray 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate adds 0.1% ammonium sulfate and mixes fertile; Grafting 75It progressively removed the plastic foil of booth after 100 days, retain sunshade net, take off film after 30 days solution tie up and progressively enterThe outdoor maintenance of row.
6, transplant: select wind sheltering, on the sunny side, physical features is smooth, irrigation condition is good, traffic relatively easilyInstitute carries out whole moisture in the soil transplanting, and 1 meter to 1.2 meters of moisture in the soil face width is high 15 centimetres to 20 centimetres, moisture in the soil spacing 40Centimetre; First set grafting, should select the container of 16 centimetres of 16 cm x or 18 centimetres of specifications of 18 cm x;Change basin and in vitro grafting transplanting later, should select diameter to be about the container of 1/3 height of seedling.
7, change basin: change basin and a few days ago stop watering, nursery transplant is taken out, keep native ball original state, then by seedlingWood is placed in the middle of container, and native ball upper surface should be lower than 2 to 3 centimetres of vessel port, the fixing native ball of filling matrix, matrixA little more than original soil ball surface; Complete after changing basin it is neatly put on moisture in the soil face, irrigate normal root water, blade face every daySpray 2 to 3 times, be placed in maintenance under cool canopy, spray humidification, takes off canopy gradually after 30 days.
8, field-transplanting: transplant that wind sheltering is selected in place, soil layer is deep, draining is good, soil pH value is 5.5To between 6.5, have the plot of the condition of necessarily sheltering from heat or light, transplant 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter × 0.3 meter 0.5 meter of seeding row spacing;When seedling is cultured to 2 centimetres to 3 centimetres of leading threads, transplant for the first time 1 meter to 1.2 meters × 1 meter of seeding row spacingTo 1.2 meters; While being cultured to 5 centimetres of leading threads, seeding row spacing is adjusted into 2 meters to 2.5 meters × 2 meters to 2.5 meters.
Above the propagation method of being abutted against of a kind of Camellia nitidissima provided by the invention is described in detail. Concrete enforcementThe explanation of example is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof. It should be pointed out that for this technologyThe those of ordinary skill in field, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out the present inventionSome improvement and modification, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (1)
- Camellia nitidissima be abutted against a propagation method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:(1) grafting place: in illumination abundance, the ground that draining is easy builds booth, and then sunshade net seals hot house,Keeping booth sunshade net light transmittance is 60% to 70%, temperature of shed≤35 DEG C, humidity 90～95%;(2) stock is selected: select common oil tea to make stock,, rugosity >=2 above, healthy and strong with appropriate to the occasion selection 3 years centimetre, growthVigorous, without the container seedling of disease and pest;(3) scion collection: select robust growth on Camellia nitidissima elite stand, have 3 lignifyings to 5 full buds or semi-lignifiedBranch is as scion, and scion is put into immediately after cutting and the container of clear water is housed or with wet towel parcel, when grafting by selected scionOn each blade cut off approximately 2/3:(4) engrafting method: grafting has cleft grafting and cortex grafting, two kinds of methods complete all need to spray 70% thiophanate methyl after grafting can1000 times of liquid of WP sleeving plastic bag, cleft grafting be at the liftoff footpath of stock place 8 centimetres to 10 centimeters cut off, from sectionBetween cut dark approximately 2 centimetres to 3 centimetres of stock, interface two ends are each inserts 1 scion, alignment forms a tinning paper colligation after layer; InsertBark graft is that 8 centimetres, liftoff stock footpath place is cut off to 10 centimeters,, is about along dry vertical partial application to xylem in section one side2 centimetres to 3 centimetres, to shell cortex and inserted the colligation of scion tinning paper, every strain can two or three scion of cortex grafting;(5) connect rear management: water in good time, keep matrix moistening, the rainy day is noted draining, and grafting is taken off or scratches for 30 days afterwards in timePolybag, foliage-spray 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate adds 0.1% ammonium sulfate and mixes fertile; Grafting progressively will be large after 75 days to 100 daysThe plastic foil of canopy removes, and retains sunshade net, take off film after 30 days solution tie up and progressively carry out outdoor maintenance;(6) transplant: select wind sheltering, on the sunny side, physical features is smooth, irrigation condition is good, traffic is carried out whole moisture in the soil and moved in place relatively easilyPlant, 1 meter to 1.2 meters of moisture in the soil face width, high 15 centimetres to 20 centimetres, 40 centimetres of moisture in the soil spacing; First set grafting, should select 16The container of 16 centimetres of cm x or 18 centimetres of specifications of 18 cm x; Change basin and in vitro grafting transplanting later, should select diameterIt is the container of 1/3 height of seedling;(7) change basin: change basin and a few days ago stop watering, nursery transplant is taken out, keep native ball original state, then nursery stock is placed in to containerBetween, native ball upper surface should be lower than 2 to 3 centimetres, container, the fixing native ball of filling matrix, and matrix is a little more than original soil ball surface; CompleteAfter changing basin, it is neatly put on moisture in the soil face, irrigate normal root water, spraying 2 to 3 times every day in blade face, is placed in maintenance under cool canopy, sprayMist humidification, takes off canopy gradually after 30 days;(8) field-transplanting: transplant place select wind sheltering, soil layer is deep, draining is good, soil pH value between 5.5 to 6.5,There is the plot of the condition of necessarily sheltering from heat or light, transplant 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter × 0.3 meter to 0.5 meter of seeding row spacing; Seedling is cultured to leading thread 2During centimetre to 3 centimetres, transplant for the first time 1 meter to 1.2 meters × 1 meter to 1.2 meters of seeding row spacings; Be cultured to 5 lis of leading threadsMeter Shi, seeding row spacing is adjusted into 2 meters to 2.5 meters × 2 meters to 2.5 meters.
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| CN201510967546.9A CN105594461A (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2015-12-21 | Approach grafting propagation method of Camellia nitidissima |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106857136A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-20 | 广西桂人堂金花茶产业集团股份有限公司 | The trimming and finishing method of Camellia nitidissima |
| CN107637356A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-30 | 博白县佳永金花茶种植专业合作社 | A kind of Camellia nitidissima engrafting method |
-
2015
- 2015-12-21 CN CN201510967546.9A patent/CN105594461A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106857136A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-20 | 广西桂人堂金花茶产业集团股份有限公司 | The trimming and finishing method of Camellia nitidissima |
| CN107637356A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-30 | 博白县佳永金花茶种植专业合作社 | A kind of Camellia nitidissima engrafting method |
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