CN105532404B - A kind of method improved willow and cut artificial hybridization - Google Patents
A kind of method improved willow and cut artificial hybridization Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105532404B CN105532404B CN201511035395.XA CN201511035395A CN105532404B CN 105532404 B CN105532404 B CN 105532404B CN 201511035395 A CN201511035395 A CN 201511035395A CN 105532404 B CN105532404 B CN 105532404B
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- spray
- branch
- water planting
- flowerpot
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method improved willow and cut artificial hybridization, includes the following steps：(1) acquisition and processing of spray：Before bud at the beginning of 2 months starts to expand, on the elite stand chosen, the branch of bud is carried from 1 2.5cm of tree crown middle and upper part clip diameter, long 1m as parent for growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, the fine individual plant of strong age；Branch adopt it is lower after, male flower branch carry out greenhouse in water planting；The female In Shade water planting of spray, indoor temperature move into greenhouse and male flower branch water planting simultaneously in 8 11 DEG C, relative humidity 40 50% after 35 days.The method of the present invention cuts earth culture method after a water planting root induction, it is to be moved into the flowerpot with Nutrition Soil after root restriction occurs in water planting, the spray that earth culture is taken root only pours a small amount of water to flowerpot when needed, can reduce the trimming of water planting, cleans and change the work such as water, saving of work and time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods improved willow and cut artificial hybridization.
Background technology
It is current to obtain that willow new varieties are important and one of effective breeding methods and the country to cut water planting artificial hybridization
The method that outer interior hybridization generally uses.In water planting, a base portion anoxic is cut, is subject to microbial infection, cause discoloration even rotten
It is rotten, while secreting mucus obstruction conduit, often generation Water Transportation is not smooth, for this reason, it may be necessary to spend a large amount of manpower and time, often
It washes down and trims to cutting base portion progress mucus, also often to change water etc. to spray.Nutrition needed for the development of seed is complete simultaneously
From cutting the nutrition stored in branch, it is necessary to dredge and remove a large amount of fruit ear on spray, just can guarantee that a small amount of seed is developed.In water
Easy to fall off there are fruit ear in training hybridization, even if having obtained seed, amount is less and not mature enough, and breeding efficiency is low.It is planted using nutrient solution
Training, and the concentration of nutrient solution, temperature, pH value etc. are also easy to produce acute variation, root system environment stability is poor, and nutrient solution is recycled and is required
Strictly, administrative skill is more demanding.The shortcomings that overcome water culture, replaces water culture with earth culture method, on the one hand reduces water planting
When change water and trimming etc. tedious works, on the other hand promote taking root for female spray, also provide abundance for spray growth and development
Nutrient.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy to operate, performance is stablized, and the high improvement willow of Cross fertile rate cuts a people
The method of work hybridization.A stringent water culture experiment condition, management trouble are cut for solution and fruit and seed is few and quality is also bad etc. miscellaneous
The problem in friendship takes earth culture method after a water planting root induction of cutting, i.e., occurs root restriction (white in the female spray lower part of water planting
Protrusion) after, it transplants in continuing to cultivate in the flowerpot added with Nutrition Soil, then carries out the conventional artificial hybridization method such as pollinate again.
The method management is simple, saves money, and has a system of good root growth environment, at the same seed and fruit close to nature into
Ripe, quality is preferable, and quantity is more.
The present invention's is achieved through the following technical solutions：
1. a kind of method improved willow and cut artificial hybridization, includes the following steps：
(1) acquisition and processing of spray
Growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, the fine individual plant of strong age are as parent, before bud at the beginning of 2 months starts to expand,
On the elite stand chosen, the branch of bud is carried from tree crown middle and upper part clip diameter 1-2.5cm, long 1m；Branch adopt it is lower after, it is male
Spray carries out water planting in greenhouse；The female In Shade water planting of spray, indoor temperature is at 8-11 DEG C, relative humidity 40-50%, 3-5
Greenhouse and male flower branch water planting simultaneously are moved into after it；
(2) the female spray of water planting
Female spray is chosen, each spray retains 5-7；It dredges for every and removes 1/3-2/3 buds, the full bud selected and remain should be uniform
It is distributed on branch, it is 45-75 degree angles that base portion is cut angle in water, immerses in the bucket equipped with clear water, is placed in greenhouse
Culture；
B, water is changed
First, it adds in water in the sterilized rear bucket of the common 500ml injections of 1-5ml thimerosals, depth of water 30cm；Indoor temperature
Less than 15 degree, it is primary to change within two days water, and indoor temperature is higher than 16 degree, and it is primary to change water daily；To prevent the continuous pollution of water, when changing water
Branch notch and bucket are rinsed, and new aqueous is added after raw water liquid thoroughly discharge, new aqueous is placed in air in advance to be preheated
To identical with raw water liquid temperature；
B, humiture is controlled
15-25 DEG C of the temperature of water planting, relative air humidity 80-90%, quiet wind, ventilation, sunshine-duration 6-8h.
(3) it transplants
After growing root restriction after the spray lower part in bucket, branch will be cut and be transplanted in flowerpot；Flowerpot diameter 30cm is high
22cm；
A. Nutrition Soil is prepared, is formulated as 70% clay loam, 10% fine sand, 19% turfy soil, 1% calcium superphosphate, by formula
Ratio is mixed, with 5% KMnO4Aqueous solution is after disinfection to reserve；
B. it transplants, Nutritive cube sterilization is put into after spray base portion is rinsed with clean water in flowerpot after 3 days, and depth 22cm is put
Put Nutrition Soil, compaction in layers and sprinkling of watering；
(4) it conserves
Temperature control is not less than 60% in 15-25 DEG C of daytime, humidity initial stage not low 90%, later stage, and shoot apex leaf bud is treated
5-7 piece leaves are stayed after lamina, remove growing point；And in the boric acid of foliage spray 0.2%.
In present invention practice, first by the processing of female spray water planting, breaking spray base portion dormant state, spray being promoted to give birth to
Root.Because branch is in itself containing certain nutriment, tap water can make rooting of cuttings and without nutrient solution, so as to save into
Originally process, is reduced.But the intrusion of extraneous bacterium need to refresh the water periodically in order to prevent；Since the nutrition in clear water is remote after plant takes root
The needs of plant strain growth cannot be met, therefore should transplant or add early Solution culture method；When spray base portion has root restriction, then plant
Plant in adding in the flowerpot of Nutrition Soil, bud and root can normal growth, then carry out conventional artificial hybridization.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Water culture in existing willow room is efficiently solved, it is complicated for operation, it is time-consuming, it is miscellaneous
The problem of success rate is low, and Cross fertile rate is low is handed over, compared with general water culture, this method cuts earth culture after a water planting root induction
Method is moved into the flowerpot with Nutrition Soil after root restriction occurs in water planting, and the spray that earth culture is taken root only gives flowerpot when needed
Pour a small amount of water；The trimming of water planting can be reduced, clean and changes the work such as water, saving of work and time.Spray supplements nutrient from soil simultaneously
Be conducive to the development of embryo, fructescence is relatively short, obtains more fruit.In addition, water planting spray needs to reach certain thick
Degree just can guarantee flower and the required nutrition of seed development, and the spray rugosity that potting is taken root can carefully, therefore in earth culture
More spray materials can be adopted in artificial hybridization breeding, retain more fruit ears, obtain extraordinary effect.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
1. a kind of method improved willow and cut artificial hybridization, includes the following steps：
(1) acquisition and processing of spray
Growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, the fine individual plant of strong age are as parent, before bud at the beginning of 2 months starts to expand,
On the elite stand chosen, the branch of bud is carried from tree crown middle and upper part clip diameter 1-2.5cm, long 1m；Branch adopt it is lower after, it is male
Spray carries out water planting in greenhouse；The female In Shade water planting of spray, indoor temperature is at 8-11 DEG C, relative humidity 40-50%, 3-5
Greenhouse and male flower branch water planting simultaneously are moved into after it；Branch can be made to form callus in advance and take root in this way.
(2) the female spray of water planting
Female spray is dredged remove more leaf bud as possible, and each spray only retains 5-7；It dredges for every and removes 1/3-2/3 buds, select and remain
Full bud should be evenly distributed on branch, it is pruned after branch base portion cleaned with clear water, base portion is cut into angle in water
It for 45-75 degree angles, immerses in the bucket equipped with clear water, is placed in greenhouse and cultivates；
C, water is changed
First, it adds in water in the sterilized rear bucket of the common 500ml injections of 1-5ml thimerosals, depth of water 30cm；Indoor temperature
Less than 15 degree, it is primary to change within two days water, and indoor temperature is higher than 16 degree, and it is primary to change water daily；To prevent the continuous pollution of water, when changing water
Branch notch and bucket are rinsed, and new aqueous is added after raw water liquid thoroughly discharge, new aqueous is placed in air in advance to be preheated
To identical with raw water liquid temperature；It carries out changing water before during after at dusk 17 or morning 9.
B, humiture is controlled
15-25 DEG C of the temperature of water planting, relative air humidity 80-90%, quiet wind, ventilation, sunshine-duration 6-8h.
(3) it transplants
After growing root restriction after the spray lower part in bucket, branch will be cut and be transplanted in flowerpot；The a diameter of 30cm of flowerpot is chosen,
High 22cm；
A. Nutrition Soil is prepared, is formulated as 70% clay loam, 10% fine sand, 19% turfy soil, 1% calcium superphosphate, by formula
Ratio is mixed, with 5% KMnO4Aqueous solution is after disinfection to reserve.
B. it transplants, Nutritive cube sterilization is put into after spray base portion is rinsed with clean water in flowerpot after 3 days, and depth 22cm is put
Put Nutrition Soil, compaction in layers and sprinkling of watering.Big spray transplants one in each flowerpot, and small spray transplants two.
(4) it conserves
After the conventional hybridizations such as artificial bagging, pollination, interior will keep divulging information, and temperature was controlled at the beginning of 15-25 DEG C of daytime, humidity
Phase not low 90%, later stage are not less than 60%, and shoot apex leaf bud stays 5-7 piece leaves after lamina, removes growing point；And on blade face
The boric acid of sprinkling 0.2%.Rudiment is erased in time during management, is watered in due course, keeps flowerpot humidity, and remove impurity elimination in time
Grass prevents pest and disease damage.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method improved willow and cut artificial hybridization, includes the following steps：
(1) acquisition and processing of spray
Growth selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, the fine individual plant of strong age are as parent, before bud at the beginning of 2 months starts to expand,
On the elite stand chosen, the branch of bud is carried from tree crown middle and upper part clip diameter 1-2.5cm, long 1m；Branch adopt it is lower after, male flower branch
Carry out water planting in greenhouse；The female In Shade water planting of spray, indoor temperature is at 8-11 DEG C, relative humidity 40-50%, after 3-5 days
Move into greenhouse and male flower branch water planting simultaneously；
(2) the female spray of water planting
Female spray is selected, each spray retains 5-7；It dredges for every and removes 1/3-2/3 buds, the full bud selected and remain should be uniformly distributed
On branch, it is 45-75 degree angles that base portion is cut angle in water, is immersed in the bucket equipped with clear water, is placed in greenhouse and cultivates；
A, water is changed
First, it adds in water in the sterilized rear bucket of the common 500ml injections of 1-5ml thimerosals, depth of water 30cm；Indoor temperature is less than
15 degree, it is primary to change within two days water, and indoor temperature is higher than 16 degree, and it is primary to change water daily；To prevent the continuous pollution of water, rinsed when changing water
Branch notch and bucket, and adding new aqueous after raw water liquid thoroughly discharge, new aqueous place in advance in air be preheating to
Raw water liquid temperature is identical；
B, humiture is controlled
15-25 DEG C of the temperature of water planting, relative air humidity 80-90%, quiet wind, ventilation, sunshine-duration 6-8h；
(3) it transplants
After growing root restriction after the spray lower part in bucket, branch will be cut and be transplanted in flowerpot；The a diameter of 30cm of flowerpot is chosen, it is high
22cm；
A. Nutrition Soil is prepared, is formulated as 70% clay loam, 10% fine sand, 19% turfy soil, 1% calcium superphosphate, by formula rate
It mixes, with 5% KMnO4Aqueous solution is after disinfection to reserve；
B. it transplants, Nutritive cube sterilization is put into after spray base portion is rinsed with clean water in flowerpot after 3 days, depth 22cm, places battalion
Support soil, compaction in layers and sprinkling of watering；
(4) it conserves
Temperature control is not less than 60% in 15-25 DEG C of daytime, humidity initial stage not low 90%, later stage, and shoot apex leaf bud treats lamina
After stay 5-7 piece leaves, remove growing point；And in the boric acid of foliage spray 0.2%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511035395.XA CN105532404B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A kind of method improved willow and cut artificial hybridization |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511035395.XA CN105532404B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A kind of method improved willow and cut artificial hybridization |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105532404A CN105532404A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN105532404B true CN105532404B (en) | 2018-06-22 |
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| CN201511035395.XA Expired - Fee Related CN105532404B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A kind of method improved willow and cut artificial hybridization |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107041295B (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2020-01-21 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Method for improving seed setting rate and quality of poplar branch cutting water culture crossbreeding seeds |
| CN109006466B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-07-14 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Method for improving hybrid yield of artificially-controlled hybrid of salix matsudana |
| CN111165347A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-19 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Offspring cultivating method for reducing branch number of willow basket and application |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1287776A (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2001-03-21 | 王恭祎 | Method for breeding new varieties of poplar |
| CN102283104A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2011-12-21 | 四川农业大学 | Female parent soil and water mixed culture method for poplar cutting hybridization |
| CN204146138U (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-02-11 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of device preventing willow indoor from cutting branch hybridization pollen contamination |
-
2015
- 2015-12-30 CN CN201511035395.XA patent/CN105532404B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1287776A (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2001-03-21 | 王恭祎 | Method for breeding new varieties of poplar |
| CN102283104A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2011-12-21 | 四川农业大学 | Female parent soil and water mixed culture method for poplar cutting hybridization |
| CN204146138U (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-02-11 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of device preventing willow indoor from cutting branch hybridization pollen contamination |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《杨树切枝水培杂交及播种育苗技术》;孙彦珍;《内蒙古林业调查设计》;20091215;第32卷(第6期);第39-40页 * |
| 《杨树花枝盆栽加温促进生根人工杂交育种技术》;蔄胜军等;《林业科学研究》;20130215;第26卷(第1期);第101-106页 * |
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| CN105532404A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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