CN105519327A - High yield culture technique for spring sowing corn - Google Patents
High yield culture technique for spring sowing corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN105519327A CN105519327A CN201410575936.7A CN201410575936A CN105519327A CN 105519327 A CN105519327 A CN 105519327A CN 201410575936 A CN201410575936 A CN 201410575936A CN 105519327 A CN105519327 A CN 105519327A
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Abstract
The invention provides a high yield culture technique for spring sowing corn and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. The invention especially relates to a corn planting method. The high yield culture technique for spring sowing corn has the advantages of high water and fertilizer utilization rates and high yield. The technique comprises a first step of land selecting, a second step of plastic film laying and sowing, a third step of precise sowing, a fourth step of guaranteeing proper density, and a fifth step of fertilizing. Corn has great high yield potential, is fertilizer-loving, is saline and alkaline-intolerant and has great requirement for soil conditions. In the second step, narrow film is adopted, one piece of film for two rows; the two sides of each piece of mulching film is buried in soil for about 5cm and are compacted and pressed. Precise sowing can reduce the sowing quantity and save labor for final singling of seedlings. Enough plants and proper density are important factors ensuring high yield of corn and if plants are two dense or sparse, the yield will be affected. In soil with medium fertility, original nutrients in the soil and nutrients added by applying organic fertilizer 1500kg/mu cannot offset nutrients that are not utilized because of reduction of the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer in the season.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, especially relate to a kind of implantation methods of corn.
Background technology
Corn is the cereal crops that whole world gross yield is the highest.Also be the staple food crop in Xinjiang, and be main grain use and the forage crops of In Altay, xinjiang, along with the large scale application of water-saving irrigation technique in local area agricultural production, facilitate the application and development of drip irrigation under film in Maize Production.But, there is the problem that water rate availability is low, output is lower in existing drip irrigation under film also imperfection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly for the problems referred to above, provides a kind of water and fertilizer utilization high and the high a kind of Spring maize seeding high-yield culture technique of output.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
Spring maize seeding high-yield culture technique, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps.
One, selection of land, corn Productive Potential is large, and happiness is fertile, not Salt And Alkali Tolerance, requires higher to soil condition.Corn want obtain high yield, the General Requirements soil organic matter more than 1.2%, more than alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 60mg/kg, more than rapid available phosphorus 5mg/kg, soil salt content below 0.2%, clover turn over ground, green manure ground and long-term application of organic fertilizers rich soil on plant, easily obtain high yield.
Two, planting after plastic covered, adopts narrow film one film two row, and mulch film both sides are buried in the earth about 5cm and compacting presses, irrigate band is layered on two sowing interlines under film, and degree of tightness is suitable for, and does not give a discount non-warping, drip runner convex surface upwards, irrigate band and face straight, after sowing terminates, in time check plastic mulching and irrigate band disposition, and press compacting irrigate band, prevent strong wind from starting mulch film and irrigate band, cause the evaporation of water in soil that leaks out, affect corn germination and emerge.
Three, precision drilling, precision drilling not only reduces sowing quantity, and can save final singling labour, and dense planting maize fine sowing every mu of sowing quantity is 3 ~ 3.5kg, and it is about 2.8kg that ordinary maize sows every mu of sowing quantity.Sowing depth is 4 ~ 5cm, will note at any time checking seeding quality during sowing, and ensure that sowing depth is suitable, seed is evenly distributed, and earthing is tight, suppression consolidation.
Four, suitable density, enough strain numbers and suitable density are the important guarantees that corn obtains high yield, overstocked, cross and rarely all difficultly obtain high yield.Density is crossed between ambassador plant and is strengthened the demand of soil nutrient, moisture, and mutual shading between plant, affects the accumulation of photosynthetic product, easily forms empty stalk; Density is too small, because not making full use of moisture, nutrient and daylight, to manufacture more nutriment.
Five, apply fertilizer, on medium fertility soil, due to nutrient original in soil with use the nutrient that 1500kg/ mu organic manure increases, be difficult to offset the nutrient do not utilized because chemical fertilizer this season availability reduces, therefore, the purity nitrogen used of per mu yield 580kg corn and pure phosphorus just should be more more than the numeral of estimation.The reasonable arrange-ment topdressed is the effective measures obtaining high yield.The use of zinc fertilizer: spray zinc can make corn floral leaf rate obviously reduce, and output significantly improves, and executes zinc sulphate 0.78kg/ mu, the comparatively average volume increase 19.4% of contrast.Dressing date is shooting stage and booting stage.
As a kind of preferred version, corn fertilizing can adopt deep placement, concentrate execute, execute in good time, fertilizing method that gradation is executed.Using based on base manure of fertilizer, base manure consumption can account for 50% ~ 70% of total fertilization amount, and organic manure and phosphate fertilizer (doing except seed manure except staying part) all plough under in soil as base manure, and ploughing depth is advisable with 20 ~ 25cm, and nitrogenous fertilizer also can be used as base manure.Should execute phosphate fertilizer 25kg according to this locality plantation experience, the phosphate fertilizer 20kg wherein executing 64% content makees base fertilizer, separately after planting fills with water droplet with an ammonium pulvis 10kg of 60% content.
Beneficial effect of the present invention.
The present invention carries out corn planting by adopting drip irrigation under film, and can improve liquid manure utilization ratio, output comparatively general planting can improve about 15%, water saving more than 30%, and abridged edition effect of increasing production is obvious, facilitates the development of local area Maize Industry.
Embodiment
Spring maize seeding high-yield culture technique, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps.
One, selection of land, corn Productive Potential is large, and happiness is fertile, not Salt And Alkali Tolerance, requires higher to soil condition.Corn want obtain high yield, the General Requirements soil organic matter more than 1.2%, more than alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 60mg/kg, more than rapid available phosphorus 5mg/kg, soil salt content below 0.2%, clover turn over ground, green manure ground and long-term application of organic fertilizers rich soil on plant, easily obtain high yield.
Two, planting after plastic covered, adopts narrow film one film two row, and mulch film both sides are buried in the earth about 5cm and compacting presses, irrigate band is layered on two sowing interlines under film, and degree of tightness is suitable for, and does not give a discount non-warping, drip runner convex surface upwards, irrigate band and face straight, after sowing terminates, in time check plastic mulching and irrigate band disposition, and press compacting irrigate band, prevent strong wind from starting mulch film and irrigate band, cause the evaporation of water in soil that leaks out, affect corn germination and emerge.
Three, precision drilling, precision drilling not only reduces sowing quantity, and can save final singling labour, and dense planting maize fine sowing every mu of sowing quantity is 3 ~ 3.5kg, and it is about 2.8kg that ordinary maize sows every mu of sowing quantity.Sowing depth is 4 ~ 5cm, will note at any time checking seeding quality during sowing, and ensure that sowing depth is suitable, seed is evenly distributed, and earthing is tight, suppression consolidation.
Four, suitable density, enough strain numbers and suitable density are the important guarantees that corn obtains high yield, overstocked, cross and rarely all difficultly obtain high yield.Density is crossed between ambassador plant and is strengthened the demand of soil nutrient, moisture, and mutual shading between plant, affects the accumulation of photosynthetic product, easily forms empty stalk; Density is too small, because not making full use of moisture, nutrient and daylight, to manufacture more nutriment.
Five, apply fertilizer, on medium fertility soil, due to nutrient original in soil with use the nutrient that 1500kg/ mu organic manure increases, be difficult to offset the nutrient do not utilized because chemical fertilizer this season availability reduces, therefore, the purity nitrogen used of per mu yield 580kg corn and pure phosphorus just should be more more than the numeral of estimation.The reasonable arrange-ment topdressed is the effective measures obtaining high yield.The use of zinc fertilizer: spray zinc can make corn floral leaf rate obviously reduce, and output significantly improves, and executes zinc sulphate 0.78kg/ mu, the comparatively average volume increase 19.4% of contrast.Dressing date is shooting stage and booting stage.
As a kind of preferred version, corn fertilizing can adopt deep placement, concentrate execute, execute in good time, fertilizing method that gradation is executed.Using based on base manure of fertilizer, base manure consumption can account for 50% ~ 70% of total fertilization amount, and organic manure and phosphate fertilizer (doing except seed manure except staying part) all plough under in soil as base manure, and ploughing depth is advisable with 20 ~ 25cm, and nitrogenous fertilizer also can be used as base manure.Should execute phosphate fertilizer 25kg according to this locality plantation experience, the phosphate fertilizer 20kg wherein executing 64% content makees base fertilizer, separately after planting fills with water droplet with an ammonium pulvis 10kg of 60% content.
Claims (2)
1. Spring maize seeding high-yield culture technique, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps;
One, selection of land, corn Productive Potential is large, and happiness is fertile, not Salt And Alkali Tolerance, requires higher to soil condition; Corn want obtain high yield, the General Requirements soil organic matter more than 1.2%, more than alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 60mg/kg, more than rapid available phosphorus 5mg/kg, soil salt content below 0.2%, clover turn over ground, green manure ground and long-term application of organic fertilizers rich soil on plant, easily obtain high yield;
Two, planting after plastic covered, adopts narrow film one film two row, and mulch film both sides are buried in the earth about 5cm and compacting presses, irrigate band is layered on two sowing interlines under film, and degree of tightness is suitable for, and does not give a discount non-warping, drip runner convex surface upwards, irrigate band and face straight, after sowing terminates, in time check plastic mulching and irrigate band disposition, and press compacting irrigate band, prevent strong wind from starting mulch film and irrigate band, cause the evaporation of water in soil that leaks out, affect corn germination and emerge;
Three, precision drilling, precision drilling not only reduces sowing quantity, and can save final singling labour, and dense planting maize fine sowing every mu of sowing quantity is 3 ~ 3.5kg, and it is about 2.8kg that ordinary maize sows every mu of sowing quantity; Sowing depth is 4 ~ 5cm, will note at any time checking seeding quality during sowing, and ensure that sowing depth is suitable, seed is evenly distributed, and earthing is tight, suppression consolidation;
Four, suitable density, enough strain numbers and suitable density are the important guarantees that corn obtains high yield, overstocked, cross and rarely all difficultly obtain high yield; Density is crossed between ambassador plant and is strengthened the demand of soil nutrient, moisture, and mutual shading between plant, affects the accumulation of photosynthetic product, easily forms empty stalk; Density is too small, because not making full use of moisture, nutrient and daylight, to manufacture more nutriment;
Five, apply fertilizer, on medium fertility soil, due to nutrient original in soil with use the nutrient that 1500kg/ mu organic manure increases, be difficult to offset the nutrient do not utilized because chemical fertilizer this season availability reduces, therefore, the purity nitrogen used of per mu yield 580kg corn and pure phosphorus just should be more more than the numeral of estimation; The reasonable arrange-ment topdressed is the effective measures obtaining high yield; The use of zinc fertilizer: spray zinc can make corn floral leaf rate obviously reduce, and output significantly improves, and executes zinc sulphate 0.78kg/ mu, the comparatively average volume increase 19.4% of contrast; Dressing date is shooting stage and booting stage.
2. Spring maize seeding high-yield culture technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: corn fertilizing can adopt deep placement, concentrate execute, execute in good time, fertilizing method that gradation is executed; Using based on base manure of fertilizer, base manure consumption can account for 50% ~ 70% of total fertilization amount, and organic manure and phosphate fertilizer (doing except seed manure except staying part) all plough under in soil as base manure, and ploughing depth is advisable with 20 ~ 25cm, and nitrogenous fertilizer also can be used as base manure; Should execute phosphate fertilizer 25kg according to this locality plantation experience, the phosphate fertilizer 20kg wherein executing 64% content makees base fertilizer, separately after planting fills with water droplet with an ammonium pulvis 10kg of 60% content.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410575936.7A CN105519327A (en) | 2014-10-25 | 2014-10-25 | High yield culture technique for spring sowing corn |
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| CN201410575936.7A CN105519327A (en) | 2014-10-25 | 2014-10-25 | High yield culture technique for spring sowing corn |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108476892A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-04 | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心 | A kind of corn based on mulch is dry broadcast it is wet go out implantation methods |
| CN110226474A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-13 | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心 | A kind of water-saving spy moisture in the soil type of seeding of corn |
-
2014
- 2014-10-25 CN CN201410575936.7A patent/CN105519327A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108476892A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-04 | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心 | A kind of corn based on mulch is dry broadcast it is wet go out implantation methods |
| CN110226474A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-13 | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心 | A kind of water-saving spy moisture in the soil type of seeding of corn |
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