CN105495281A - 味觉调节剂及其使用方法 - Google Patents
味觉调节剂及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105495281A CN105495281A CN201510652464.5A CN201510652464A CN105495281A CN 105495281 A CN105495281 A CN 105495281A CN 201510652464 A CN201510652464 A CN 201510652464A CN 105495281 A CN105495281 A CN 105495281A
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- taste
- taste masking
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- radix angelicae
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Abstract
本发明涉及包含味觉掩蔽有效量的当归根提取物的新型味觉掩蔽组合物,其在减少食品产品(例如饮料、肉汤或全谷物食品产品)、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品或医药产品中不合意的味道方面表现出预料不到的有效性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种味觉掩蔽组合物,更特别涉及包含味觉掩蔽有效量的当归根提取物的新型味觉掩蔽组合物,还涉及使用该味觉掩蔽组合物的方法。
背景技术
保健医生已经倡导全谷物食品的益处。提高全谷物消耗的重要性体现在由政府和健康机构专家小组所提出的建议中的改变。在HealthyPeople2010Report(NationalAcademyPress,1999)中建议,对于2,000卡路里的膳食,两岁及以上的个体应消耗至少六份日常谷物产品,至少三份为全谷物。在美国人的2005DietaryGuidelines中建议,消费者应每天食用三盎司当量或更多的全谷物食品,其余来自富含谷物的面粉或全谷物面粉。通常,摄取量的至少一半应来自于全谷物。美国心脏病协会、美国糖尿病协会和美国癌症学会也作出了关于提高全谷物消耗量的具体建议。
尽管与精制的面粉产品相比食用全谷物产品具有证据充分的营养学优势,消费者常常喜欢精制面包胜过全麦面包,表明感官特性是消费全麦面包的障碍(Bakke&Vickers(2007)J.FoodSci.72:S473-S480;Moskowitz等人,(2012)J.Agric.FoodChem.60:11245-11252)。目前,在美国,由精制的小麦面粉制成的白面包的消耗量大于全麦面包的消耗量。这种对精制面粉产品的消费偏好可能会限制在面包和点心产品中使用现有的全谷物小麦面粉。
改善全谷物食品的适口性将有助于促进消费者接受和消费健康的全谷物食品。在这方面,已经建议使用甲基磺酰基甲烷以减少包括谷物产品的各种食品产品中的苦味和不合意的气味。参见WO2010/141889。但是,在本领域仍然需要开发具有对许多消费者更适口的质地和味道的有营养的、高纤维食品产品和纤维补充剂。
发明内容
本发明涉及新型味觉掩蔽组合物及其在减少食品产品(例如饮料、肉汤或全谷物食品产品)、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品或医药产品中不合意的味道方面预料不到的有利用途。
具体而言,本发明涉及包含味觉掩蔽有效量的当归根提取物(Angelicarootextract)的味觉掩蔽组合物。
本发明还涉及上文提供的味觉掩蔽组合物在减少食品产品(例如饮料、肉汤或全谷物食品产品)、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品或医药产品中不合意味道方面预料不到的有效的令人惊讶的发现。
本发明进一步涉及通过混入上文提供的味觉掩蔽组合物来减少食品产品、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品或医药产品中不合意的味道的方法。
本发明的这些和其它实施方案将通过阅读本说明书下面的内容而变得显而易见。
附图概述
图1显示了含有当归(Angelicasinensis)根提取物的小麦饼干的风味曲线。N=11。*p=0.10时的方向性差异。**p=0.05时在两个样品之间的显著性差异。
图2显示了在基础小麦饼干(basicwheatcracker)与用当归根提取物处理过的小麦饼干之间的成对比较测试(pairedcomparisontest)中优选的样品数量。N=22。
发明详述
当归根的提取物以其药物用途而为人所知。其还具有草本、芹菜、干草、颗粒、木材、苦味、干燥和纸板的感官特征并因此用在香料和调味料中。现在已经令人惊讶地发现,在味觉掩蔽有效量下,该当归根提取物有效地掩蔽与各种产品,特别是食品产品如全谷物食品相关的异味。具体而言,当归(Angelicasinensis)和圆叶当归(Angelicaarchangelica)的根样品的水和/或有机溶剂提取物通过减少全谷物产品如面包、饼干和意粉的苦味和涩味以及恶劣口感来改善全谷物食品的味道。此外,已经发现当归根提取物减少饮料和肉汤的苦味、金属味、涩味以及异味/余味。因此,本发明提供了通过添加如本文中所述的当归根提取物来减少各种产品如食品产品的不合意味道的方法。
当归,也称为DongQuai,是用于传统中药的多年生草本植物。当归(A.sinensis)含有多种化合物,包括但不限于维生素B12、维生素E、胡萝卜素、泛酸、叶酸、亚叶酸、生物素、烟酸、烟酰胺、蔗糖、丁叉基酜内酯、邻羧基苯正戊酮脱氢邻苯二甲酸酐、β-谷甾醇、谷甾醇-D-葡萄糖苷、单萜烯、单萜醇、氧化的倍半萜烯、单萜醇的乙基醚、长链脂肪酸的乙基甾醇、镰叶芹醇、镰叶芹二醇、镰叶芹醇酮、胆碱、东莨菪内酯、原当归素、8(S),9(R)-9-当归酰-氧基-8,9-二氢山芹醇、补骨脂素、佛手内酯、花椒毒素、查尔酮类如asitaba-查尔酮、4-羟基德里辛、水溶性单宁、α-蒎烯、月桂烯、对伞花烃、氧化前胡内酯、欧前胡内酯、异欧前胡内酯、阿魏酸、二氢欧山芹素、二氢欧山芹醇乙酸酯、二氢山芹素、蛇床子素、异欧前胡素、二氢欧山芹素-β-D-葡萄糖苷和AR-4E-2,l、黄樟素、异黄樟素、正十二醇、正十四醇、棕榈酸。参见MonographAngelicasinensis(2004)Alter.Med.Rev.9:429-433;Noé(1998)J.NaturopathicMed.7:66-72。此外,当归含有烷基苯酞如藁本内酯、(Z)-藁本内酯、(Z)-6,7-环氧藁本内酯、新当归内酯、(Z)-丁叉基酜内酯、丁基苯酞和2,4-二氢邻苯二甲酸酐,其是该根的精油馏分的主要组分。报道的非挥发性成分是苯丙素((E)-阿魏酸阿魏酸松柏酯);苯环型化合物(邻羧基苯戊酮和香草酸);以及香豆素类(angelolG、当归酮和伞形酮)。参见WHOMonographsonSelectedMedicinalPlants(2004)第2卷,第25-34页。在当归根中发现的其它已知组分包括但不限于丙氨酸、α-生育酚、当归酸、当归多形生物碱(Angelicapolymorphaalkaloid)、当归多糖-AS-1(Angelicapolysaccharide-As-1)、化合物E-232、当归酮、当归醇、花生四烯酸、布雷菲德菌素A、杜松萜烯、香芹酚、胆碱、十二烷-1-醇、GABA、γ-氨基丁酸、二十四烷酸、正十四烷、正苯戊酮邻碳酸和neoangelide。参见由AgriculturalResearchService,GermplasmResourcesInformationNetwork提供的Dr.Duk’sPhytochemicalandEthnobotanicalDatabases。
类似当归,圆叶当归(A.archangelica)(也称为A.officinalis或欧白芷(gardenAngelica))的根也已知含有下列化合物的一种或多种:1,1-二乙氧基己烷、1,1-二乙氧基辛烷、12-甲基-13-十三内酯、12-甲基-ω-十三内酯、13-十三内酯、15-羟基十五烷酸、15-十五内酯、17-十七内酯、2’-当归酰-3’-异戊酰-vaginate、2-癸酮、2-壬酮、2-戊基呋喃、4,4,6-三甲基环己-2-烯-1-酮、4-乙氧基-1-对孟烯、4-甲氧基-7H-呋喃并(3,2-G)(1)苯并吡喃-7-酮、5-十一碳烯-3-炔、7-甲氧基-8-(3-甲基-2-丁烯基)-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮、8-(2-(3-甲基丁氧基)-3-羟基-3-甲基丁氧基)补骨脂素、腺嘌呤核苷、α-石竹烯、α-古巴烯-11-醇、α-古巴烯-8-醇、α-古巴烯、α-cubene、α-蛇麻烯、α-水芹烯、α-水芹烯-8-醇、α-蒎烯、α-萜品烯、α-萜品醇、α-萜品油烯、α-侧柏烯、当归碱、异补骨脂素、apterin、AR-姜黄烯、archangelenone、拱当归素、园当归内酯、佛手柑内酯、β-红没药烯、β-雪松烯、β-古巴烯、β-榄香烯、β-桉叶油醇、β-金合欢烯、β-雪松烯、β-月桂烯、β-水芹烯、β-蒎烯、β-蛇床烯、β-倍半水芹烯、β-侧柏烯、双环吉马烯、茨醇、乙酸冰片酯、乙酸龙脑酯、异戊酸冰片酯、白当归素、白当归素-2’-邻异戊酸酯、白当归素-当归酯、白当归脑、莰烯、蒈-3-烯、香芹酮、丁子香烯、雪松醇、菊烯醇乙酸酯、菊烯醇乙酸酯-I、菊烯醇乙酸酯-II、顺式-1-乙氧基-2-对孟烯、顺式-3-乙氧基-1-对孟烯、顺式-4-乙氧基-2-蒎烯、顺式-4-乙氧基-侧柏烷、顺式-β-金合欢烯、顺式-乙酸香芹酯、顺式-罗勒烯、顺式-对孟-2-烯-1-醇、顺式-辣薄荷醇、顺式-水合桧烯、顺式-侧柏烯醇、顺式-马鞭草烯醇、松柏苷、隐酮、枯茗醇、花侧柏烯、伞花烃-8-醇、伞花烃、D-α-水芹烯、癸-反式-2,反式-4-二烯-1-醛、δ-3-蒈烯、δ-杜松萜烯、δ-榄香烯、二乙酰、二氢桉叶油醇、异戊二烯基柚皮素、二十碳烷、榄香醇、癸酸乙酯、月桂酸乙酯、亚油酸乙酯、亚麻酸乙酯、肉豆蔻酸乙酯、油酸乙酯、棕榈酸乙酯、十五酸乙酯、硬脂酸乙酯、糠醛、γ-杜松烯、γ-丁子香烯、γ-衣兰油烯、γ-萜品烯、γ-松油醇、右旋大根香叶烯、锗、十七烷-1-醇乙酸酯、十七烷、异戊酸庚酯、白芷属脑-2’-邻异戊酸酯、白芷属脑-2’-邻千里酸酯、十六烷-1-醇、十六烷、蛇麻烯一氧化物、欧前胡素、异戊酸异戊酯、异欧前胡素、异虎耳草素、藁本内酯、柠檬烯、芳樟醇、间-伞花烃-8-醇、苹果酸、丙二酸、甲基-乙基-乙酸、香叶烯、十九烷、壬醛、十八烷-1-醇、十八烷、辛醛、异戊酸辛酯、欧芹酚、osthenole、奥斯索、奥斯竹素、氧化前胡素、水合氧化前胡素、氧化前胡内酯、水合氧化前胡内酯、甲醇合氧化前胡内酯、对-伞花烃-8-醇、对伞花烃、十五烷-1-醛、十五醛、十五内酯、前胡宁-7-甲基醚、水芹醛、珊瑚菜素、辣薄荷酮、氧化前胡素、补骨脂素、八氢四甲基萘甲醇、桧萜、桧萜醇、乙酸桧酯、东莨菪内酯、斯巴醇、丹宁酸、萜品烯-4-醇、萜品油烯、十四烷-1-醛、十四烷-1-醇乙酸酯、十四醛、十四烷、罗汉柏烯、反式-1-乙氧基-2-对薄荷烯、反式-3-乙氧基-1-对薄荷烷、反式-4-乙氧基-2-蒎烯、反式-4-乙氧基-侧柏烷、反式-茴香脑、反式-β-金合欢烯、反式-香芹醇、反式-乙酸香芹酯、反式-罗勒烯、反式-对薄荷-2-烯-1-醇、反式-乙酸松香芹酯、反式-薄荷烯醇、水合反式桧萜、马鞭草烯醇、反式-马鞭草烯基-2-甲基丁酸酯、反式-马鞭草烯基乙酸酯、反式-马鞭草烯基异戊酸酯、十三烷-1-醇、十三内酯、伞形花内酯、伞形糖、伞形花素、十一碳-5-烯-3-炔、花椒毒素、姜烯。参见Duke(1992)HandbookofphytochemicalconstituentsofGRASherbsandothereconomicplants.BocaRaton,FL.CRCPress;等人,(1992)Phytochem.Anal.3(1):42-48;和如上的Dr.Duke'sPhytochemicalandEthnobotanicalDatabases。
除了当归(A.sinensis)和圆叶当归(A.archangelica)之外,本发明还包括使用来自当归(Angelica)的其它物种的根的提取物,包括例如A.acutiloba、A.atropurpurea(美国当归,AmericanAngelica或紫当归,purpleAngelica)、A.crucifolia、A.dahurica(BaiZhi)、A.decursiva、A.edulis、A.genuflexa(KneelingAngelica)、A.gigas(巨当归,GiantAngelica)、A.glauca、A.japonica、A.keiskei、A.koreana、A.megaphylla、A.Montana、A.polymorpha、A.pubescens(DuHuo)、A.silvestris(野生当归,WildAngelica)和/或A.ursine,其已知可以食用。参见可以在万维网上获得的PlantsforaFuture数据库。
通过使当归物种的根样品与水、有机溶剂或其组合接触以便从根样品中提取化合物来制备本发明的提取物。在一个实施方案中,该根样品是新鲜的。在另一实施方案中,该根样品是干燥的。在进一步的实施方案中,该根样品在提取前被粉碎、破碎、磨碎、制浆、切碎、研磨和/或粉化。在一个实施方案中,该提取物用水制备。在另一实施方案中,使用有机溶剂。在另一实施方案中,该有机溶剂与水混溶。合适的有机溶剂的实例包括但不限于醇类如乙醇、丙酮、甲醇、正丙醇或异丙醇。在特定实施方案中,该有机溶剂是乙醇,例如200proof(无水乙醇)、190proof(95%乙醇)或180proof(90%乙醇)。在再一实施方案中,水和前述有机溶剂的一种或多种的组合用于制备该当归根提取物。水对有机溶剂的比可以不等但合意地为10-90%水对10-90%有机溶剂。更优选地,水对有机溶剂的比为70:30、60:40、50:50、40:60或30:70。该溶剂在室温至100℃的温度下,优选在高于室温但低于100℃的温度下且更优选在70至80℃的温度下连续地通过该当归根循环足以溶解该味道遮蔽剂的时间。在一个实施方案中,循环时间为2至6小时,优选为3至5小时。所得液体提取物随后与不溶性植物材料分离。这些步骤可以通过向不溶性植物材料中加入新鲜溶剂来重复多次。将该液体提取物合并并蒸发溶剂以制造当归根的干燥粉末状提取物。一旦来自根样品的可溶性化合物被提取,例如通过离心、沉淀或过滤除去不溶性和颗粒状的材料。
制备本发明的当归根提取物的方法的实例包括以下步骤:
(i)将当归植物的根浸没在选自水、有机溶剂及其混合物的溶剂中;
(ii)在室温至100℃的温度下使该溶剂连续地通过当归植物的根循环以提供可溶性提取物;和
(iii)收集来自步骤(ii)的可溶性提取物并蒸发该溶剂以提供该当归根提取物。
根据公开的方法进行的提取提供了本发明的当归根提取物,其是溶于水和/或有机溶剂的当归根组分的混合物,产率为大约60重量%或更低。
该提取物可以如本文中所述方法中那样使用,或在不影响所需功能的情况下进一步加工。进一步加工的实例包括用有机溶剂洗涤该提取物以除去当归根的固有气味。用于洗涤该提取物的有机溶剂合意地不与水混溶,并可以包括但不限于正丁醇、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷、乙酸乙酯或二乙醚。在特定实施方案中,该有机溶剂是2-丁醇。
该提取物还可以进一步分馏为具有改善全谷物食品味道的所需活性的单一化合物或化合物的组合。此类分馏可以通过公知的方法进行,包括但不限于沉淀、离心、过滤、超滤、选择性消化、萃取、色谱法、电泳法或形成络合物。各所得亚组分可以使用原始测定(originalassay)来分析所需活性,直到获得纯净的活性药剂。
如所述那样,当归物种的根的水和/或有机溶剂萃取获得了具有改善各种食品产品,特别是饮料、肉汤和全谷物食品产品的味道的功能的提取物。因此,本发明提供了当归根的提取物及使用该当归根的提取物来改善食品产品的味道的方法。在一些实施方案中,该提取物包括但不限于在当归属物种中发现的上述组分的一种或多种。按照本发明的方法,在制备之前、过程中或之后将当归根提取物添加到食品产品中。在这方面,该当归根提取物可以是食品产品的组分(即食品添加剂),或施加到食品产品上从而改善食品产品的味道的涂层、调味品、沙司、包衣、挂浆或浇头。在这方面,该提取物可以以液体、半液体、固体、半固体、粉末、颗粒等等的形式提供。改善味道是指该当归根提取物已经证实降低了食品产品的苦味、金属味和涩味的异味/余味,以及降低了恶劣的口感,例如全谷物产品的颗粒状粗糙质地、纸板箱味、白垩味和/或口腔干燥属性。
本文中所用的“味道掩蔽剂”理解为是指一种化合物,当用于包括食品产品、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品或医药产品的产品中时,提供感知到的不合意味道(例如苦味、涩味、人造甜味剂的异味,在口腔中挥之不去的干燥感觉以及恶劣的口感)的减少(否则该味道将存在于该产品中)。本发明的味道掩蔽剂是当归根的提取物,其是溶于水和/或有机溶剂的当归根组分的混合物。
术语“味觉掩蔽有效量”和“味道改善量”具有相同含义,并指的是味觉掩蔽剂当用于包括食品产品、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品或医药产品的产品中时可以通过减少不合意的味道(否则将存在于该产品中)来提供改善的适口性的量。
术语“味觉掩蔽组合物”指的是一种组合物,该组合物能够可感知地减少产品(如食品产品、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品或医药产品)中的不合意味道(否则将存在于该产品中)。本发明的味觉掩蔽组合物包含味觉掩蔽有效量的当归根提取物。本发明的味觉掩蔽组合物通过减少不合意味道(否则存在于这些产品中)来改善食品产品、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品或医药产品的适口性。
当用于包括食品产品、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品或医药产品的产品中时,获自本发明公开的方法的当归根提取物的味觉掩蔽有效量为大于大约1ppm,即每百万重量份的1份,优选为大约1至大约5000ppm,更优选为大约10至大约1000ppm。所用的提取物的量可以不同,并可以取决于该产品中所使用的产生异味的成分的量;该提取物或其化合物的纯度;产品的性质;和/或该提取物是该产品的组分(即添加剂)还是浇头。当用于包含全谷物产品的烘焙食品和早餐谷物时,本发明的当归根提取物可以以大约50至大约5000ppm、优选大约50至大约1000ppm和更优选大约100至大约500ppm的味觉掩蔽有效量使用。当用于肉类和家禽产品、汤、调味料如肉汁和调味汁、意大利面和意大利面类食品产品时,本发明的当归根提取物可以以大约10至大约200ppm和优选大约50至大约100ppm的味觉掩蔽有效量使用。当用于调味品和快餐食品产品时,本发明的当归根提取物可以以大约50至大约200ppm和优选大约100至大约150ppm的味觉掩蔽有效量使用。当用于口香糖、糖果、硬糖和软糖以及乳制品如酸奶时,本发明的当归根提取物可以以大约10至大约100ppm和优选大约50至大约75ppm的味觉掩蔽有效量使用。当用于饮料时,本发明的当归根提取物可以以大约5至大约100ppm和优选大约50至大约75ppm的味觉掩蔽有效量使用。
此外,对其它食品产品而言合意的更多味觉掩蔽有效量可以由本领域技术人员参照通过本发明建立的提取过程和味觉掩蔽有效量来容易地调节和确定。
烘焙食品和早餐谷物如全谷物产品通常由通过研磨例如以下作物所获得的面粉来制备:小麦(例如硬质小麦、硬红春小麦、硬红冬小麦、软红春小麦、软红冬小麦、硬白小麦、软白小麦、未分类小麦和混合小麦)、蜀黍、高粱、小黑麦、二粒小麦、单粒小麦、斯佩尔特小麦、燕麦、玉米、黑麦、大麦、大米、小米、荞麦、藜麦、苋菜、非洲稻、爆米花、画眉草、加那利草子、薏仁、菰米、鞑靼荞麦、其变体或其混合物。将受益于使用本发明的提取物的全谷物产品的实例包括但不限于百吉饼、饼干、面包、小圆面包(例如热狗或汉堡面包)、面包卷、羊角面包、饺子、英式玛芬、玛芬、皮塔饼、快速面包、冷藏/冷冻面团制品、面团、玉米饼、馅饼、即食谷类食品、快餐食品、馅料、微波炉餐、布朗尼、蛋糕、咖啡蛋糕、曲奇、甜点、糕点、甜卷面包、派皮、婴儿食品、烘焙粉、面糊、拌粉、混合肉汁、代肉品、混合调味料、汤粉、面条、意大利面、拉面面条、炒面面条、捞面面条、冰激凌蛋卷、冰激凌三明治、饼干、油煎面包块、甜甜圈、蛋卷、膨化食品、水果和谷物棒、可微波零食产品、营养棒、煎饼、部分烘烤的烘焙产品、椒盐卷饼、基于格兰诺拉麦片的产品、薄脆、零食、混搭零食、华夫饼干、比萨饼皮、速溶饮料粉、即饮饮料、营养棒、威化饼、咀嚼片、动物饲料或宠物食品。在一些实施方案中,包含本发明的提取物的全谷物食品产品可以具有基本类似于在不存在提取物的情况下由精制面粉成分制得的相同食品产品的感官特性,或与在不存在该提取物的情况下制得的相同食品产品相比显著改善的感官特性。其中可以使用本发明的提取物的其它食品产品包括但不限于酒精和非酒精饮料(例如咖啡;茶;红酒;含红酒饮料;啤酒;含啤酒饮料;利口酒;荷兰杜松子酒;白兰地;含有水果的苏打水;等渗饮料;软饮料;果肉饮料;果汁和蔬菜汁以及水果或蔬菜制品;速溶饮料,如速溶可可饮料、速溶茶饮料和速溶咖啡饮料;即饮液体饮料;液体饮料浓缩物;和粉末状饮料)、肉汤或含有肉汤的产品(例如肉汁调味汁或混合物、速溶汤、汤粉、预煮汤、炖汤和冷冻主菜)以及提供苦味或涩味的异味/余味的其它食品产品。其它此类食品包括但不限于零食(例如薯片、玉米片、蔬菜片或杂粮片;椒盐脆饼或膨化零食)、糖果(例如巧克力、巧克力棒产品、棒形的其它产品、水果软糖、硬和软焦糖以及口香糖)、乳制品(例如牛奶饮料、冰牛奶、酸奶、克非尔、奶油干酪、软奶酪、硬奶酪、奶粉、乳清、黄油、酪乳和含有部分或完全水解的乳蛋白的产品、调味乳)、大豆蛋白或其它大豆成分(例如豆浆和由此制得的产品,含有大豆卵磷脂的制剂,发酵产品如豆腐或印尼豆豉或由此制得的产品,以及酱油)和混合香料。
通过以下非限制性实施例更详细地描述本发明。
实施例1:制备当归根的水提取物
将当归根(100克,干燥,切割并过筛)放置在带夹套的渗滤器中。根样品用500毫升水通过在70℃下连续渗滤3小时来提取。随后将水提取物排出并将其收集。在相同的渗滤条件下,重复提取程序两次,每次用300毫升水。随后将水提取物合并,通过过滤澄清并干燥以提供当归根提取物的粉末。产量为大约40至45克。
实施例2:制备清洗过的当归根水提取物
将当归根(100克,干燥,切割并过筛)放置在带夹套的渗滤器中。
根样品用500毫升水通过在70℃下连续渗滤3小时来提取。随后将水提取物排出并将其收集。在相同的渗滤条件下,重复提取程序两次,每次用300毫升水。随后将水提取物合并,并用常规干燥方法浓缩至大约300毫升的体积。浓缩的提取物随后用100毫升2-丁醇洗涤(液-液萃取)。弃去2-丁醇层,水层用相同量的2-丁醇再洗涤两遍。清洗过的水层随后干燥以提供当归根提取物的粉末。产量为大约40至45克。
实施例3:制备当归根的乙醇提取物
将当归根(100克,干燥,切割并过筛)放置在带夹套的渗滤器中。根样品用500毫升乙醇(190proof)通过在70℃下连续渗滤3小时来提取。随后将乙醇提取物排出并将其收集。在相同的渗滤条件下,重复提取程序两次,每次用300毫升乙醇(190proof)。随后将乙醇提取物合并,通过过滤澄清并干燥以提供当归根提取物的粉末。产量为大约20至30克。
实施例4:制备当归根的乙醇-水(70/30v/v)提取物
将当归根(100克,干燥,切割并过筛)放置在带夹套的渗滤器中。根样品用500毫升由体积比70:30的乙醇(190proof)和水组成的溶剂混合物通过在70℃下连续渗滤3小时来提取。随后将乙醇-水提取物排出并将其收集。在相同的渗滤条件下,重复提取程序两次,每次用300毫升该溶剂混合物。随后将乙醇-水提取物合并,通过过滤澄清并干燥以提供当归根提取物的粉末。产量为大约40至50克。
实施例5:含有当归根水提取物的意大利面
按照实施例2制备当归根提取物的干粉末样品。干燥的当归根用热水提取,用2-丁醇清洗水提取物(液-液萃取)以除去当归的固有气味。清洗过的提取物随后干燥为粉末形式。当归根提取物的干粉末样品以10、25或100ppm应用于全麦面粉(42.86克)、粗粒小麦粉(25.72克)、蛋白粉(2.86克)和水(28.56克)的配制混合物,该混合物随后加工成意大利面。当归根提取物的存在掩蔽了全麦意大利面的苦味和涩味的异味。
如使用当归那样,来自圆叶当归根的水提取物也改善了全谷物意大利面的味道。因此,本发明的水提取物可以获自当归的任何物种,特别是已知可以食用的那些物种。
实施例6:含有当归根水提取物的小麦饼干
将如在实施例2中制备的当归根提取物的干粉末样品以100ppm应用于小麦饼干产品(表1)。
表1
处理过的样品与对照物样品相比具有明显更少的苦味、颗粒状粗糙质地、口干舌燥和挥之不去的后味(表2,图1)。此外,虽然含有当归根提取物的饼干方向性地比基础饼干更甜,两种样品之间在小麦/谷物和淀粉风味(flavors)方面并无显著差异(表2)。
表2
数字代表平均值,n=11。
**在p=0.05下,两个样品之间存在显著差异。
*在p=0.10下的方向性差异。
此外,如图2中所示,22位参与成员中的14位在成对对比测试中优选处理过的饼干。
实施例7:含有当归根水提取物的全麦盘式面包
使用表3中列举的成分制备全麦(100%)盘式面包,其中将根据实施例1制备的当归根提取物添加到水中。所有成分放置在混合机中并在低速下混合一分钟。随后,提高混合机速度,面团再混合8至12分钟。保持80至82℉的面团温度,并使面团静置5分钟。将面团分为130克的小块并再静置10分钟。将该面团小块在105℉下醒发60至90分钟,随后在380℉下烘烤12.5分钟。
表3
实施例8:含有当归根水提取物的全麦面包卷
如下制备全麦(51%)面包卷混合物。将表4中列举的成分混合酿造并酝酿至起泡(至少15分钟)。
表4
含有按照实施例1制备的粉末状当归根提取物的白面粉与阶段1的成分混合(表5)并用桨在低速下混合。随后,添加来自阶段2(表5)的成分,混合物在低速下混合形成面团(大约30秒)。使用面团钩,将混合物进一步混合额外的9分钟,直到面筋已展开。保持大约83℉的面团温度,使面团在醒发箱中涨高至翻倍(大约1小时)。将面团下压并切成76.5克的小块。各小块成型到四英寸的汉堡小圆面包盘中并使其在醒发箱中涨高直到小圆面包触顶(大约45分钟)。该小圆面包随后在预热的对流烤箱中在350℉下以3秒的蒸汽烘烤大约9分钟,其中蒸汽排放4分钟进入烘烤期。
表5
*单甘油二酯的二乙酰酒石酸酯(DATEM)、小麦淀粉和α-淀粉酶的共混物。
实施例9:含有当归根乙醇提取物的小麦饼干
按照实施例6制备全麦饼干产品,其中根据实施例3制备的当归根提取物的干粉末样品以100ppm施加。当归根提取物的存在掩蔽了小麦饼干的苦味和涩味的异味。
实施例10:含有当归根乙醇-水提取物的小麦饼干
按照实施例6制备全麦饼干产品,其中根据实施例4制备的当归根提取物的干粉末样品以100ppm施加。当归根提取物的存在掩蔽了小麦饼干的苦味和涩味的异味。
实施例11:当归根提取物的其它掩蔽性质
除了全谷物食品之外,另外确定按照实施1制备的本发明的当归根提取物是否能够掩蔽其它产品的不合意性质。
橙味不充气饮料+莱鲍迪苷A
制备橙味不充气饮料,其含有0.05%的香精、0.01%的柠檬酸和60ppm的莱鲍迪苷A(RebA)。向其中添加20ppm的当归根提取物。不含当归根提取物的对照饮料提供了强烈的RebA、金属味、异味/余味,以及苦涩的结束和人造甜味剂样的异味。相比较而言,含有当归根提取物的饮料与对照物相比提供较少的RebA异味/余味和较少的苦味。此外,减轻了人造甜味剂样的异味。
橙味不充气饮料+LuoHan
制备橙味不充气饮料,其含有0.05%的香精、0.01%的柠檬酸和100ppm的LuoHan。向其中添加20ppm的当归根提取物。不含当归根提取物的对照饮料在喉咙里提供了持久的人造甜味剂样的余味。相比较而言,含有当归根提取物的饮料与对照物相比提供较少异常甜余味。此外,含有当归根提取物的饮料在吞咽后更为清爽。
橙味不充气饮料+三氯蔗糖
制备橙味不充气饮料,其含有0.05%的香精、0.01%的柠檬酸和100ppm的三氯蔗糖。向其中添加20ppm的当归根提取物。不含当归根提取物的对照饮料提供了典型的人造甜味、苦味和余味。相比较而言,含有当归根提取物的饮料与对照物相比减轻了苦味和甜余味。
无盐鸡汤
向无盐(0.2%KCl)鸡汤中添加50ppm的当归根提取物。不含当归根提取物的对照鸡汤提供了金属、矿物和苦味的异味/余味。相比较而言,含有当归根提取物的鸡汤与对照物相比减轻了金属、矿物和苦味的异味/余味。此外,测试的鸡汤具有更令人愉快的类似咸味的味道。
水+薄荷脑(10ppm)
向水/薄荷脑溶液中添加20ppm的当归根提取物。不含当归根提取物的对照物溶液提供了苦味、涩味、口干和“薄荷脑燃烧”的异味。相比较而言,当归根提取物抑制了苦味、涩味、口干和“薄荷脑燃烧”的异味。
实施例12:当归根提取物的味觉掩蔽有效量
采用以下样品进一步研究了根据实施例1制备的本发明的当归根提取物的味觉掩蔽有效量.
水+甜叶菊提取物(含有甜菊糖苷)(800ppm)
向甜叶菊提取物溶液的三个相同样品中添加浓度分别为10、50和100ppm的当归根提取物。在10和50ppm下,该当归根提取物抑制了金属和苦味的异味,以及人造甜味剂样的余味。在100ppm下,当归根提取物的味道掩蔽效果达到稳定,并注意到烤焦的颗粒状异味。
水+薄荷脑(30ppm)
向薄荷脑溶液的三个相同样品中添加浓度分别为10、50和100ppm的当归根提取物。在10ppm下,该当归根提取物抑制了苦味、涩味、口干和“薄荷脑燃烧”的异味。在50ppm下,味道掩蔽效果显示良好,但是注意到轻微的烤焦的颗粒状异味。在100ppm下,味道掩蔽效果压倒了清凉的薄荷脑风味,并且提取物自身提供了草药异味。
水+KCl(0.2%)
向KCl溶液的三个相同样品中添加浓度分别为10、50和100ppm的当归根提取物。在10ppm下,该当归根提取物抑制了金属、矿物和苦涩的余味以及挥之不去的感觉。注意到轻微的草药异味。在50ppm下,味道掩蔽效果显示良好,但是显露出颗粒感和草药异味,在100ppm下,味道掩蔽效果显示良好。颗粒状、烤焦和草药异味变得强烈。
水+大豆分离物粉末(GNC)(8%)
向大豆溶液的三个相同样品中添加浓度分别为100、500和1000ppm的当归根提取物。在100ppm下,当归根提取物勉强抑制苦味、颗粒状、豆味、青涩味和草样异味。并无提取物本身导致的异味。在500ppm下,味道掩蔽效果显示良好,无异味。在1000ppm下,来自提取物的草药异味强烈。
小麦饼干.
按照实施例6制备不含当归根的小麦饼干样品。向五个相同的小麦饼干样品中添加浓度分别为100、500、1000、5000和10,000ppm的当归根提取物。在100ppm下,该当归根提取物抑制了苦味、颗粒状粗糙质地、口干和挥之不去的后味。在500和1000ppm下,味道掩蔽效果显示良好。在5000ppm下,味道掩蔽效果显示良好,但是注意到轻微的草药和芹菜异味。在10,000ppm下,味道掩蔽效果过于强大,提取物异味如草药和芹菜味道变得强烈。
Claims (17)
1.一种包含味觉掩蔽有效量的当归根提取物的味觉掩蔽组合物,其中所述当归根提取物通过包括以下步骤的方法制备:
(i)将当归植物的根浸没在选自水、有机溶剂及其混合物的溶剂中;
(ii)在室温至100℃的温度下使所述溶剂连续循环地通过所述当归植物的根以提供可溶性提取物;和
(iii)收集来自步骤(ii)的所述可溶性提取物并蒸发所述溶剂以提供所述当归根提取物。
2.如权利要求1所述的味觉掩蔽组合物,进一步包含选自食品产品、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品和医药产品的产品。
3.如权利要求2所述的味觉掩蔽组合物,其中所述产品是食品产品,并且其中所述食品产品选自饮料、肉汤和全谷物食品产品。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的味觉掩蔽组合物,其中所述味觉掩蔽有效量为所述组合物重量的大约1至大约5000ppm。
5.如权利要求4所述的味觉掩蔽组合物,其中所述味觉掩蔽有效量为所述组合物重量的大约10至大约1000ppm。
6.如权利要求1-5任一所述的味觉掩蔽组合物,其中所述当归植物是当归(A.sinensis)或圆叶当归(A.archangelica)。
7.如权利要求1-6任一所述的味觉掩蔽组合物,其中所述有机溶剂是醇。
8.如权利要求7所述的味觉掩蔽组合物,其中所述醇是乙醇。
9.如权利要求1-8任一所述的味觉掩蔽组合物,其中所述温度为70至80℃。
10.一种减少选自食品产品、牙科产品、口腔卫生产品和医药产品的产品中不合意的味道的方法,包括混入味觉掩蔽组合物的步骤,
其中所述味觉掩蔽组合物包含味觉掩蔽有效量的当归根提取物,并且
其中所述当归根提取物通过包括以下步骤的方法制备:
(i)将当归植物的根浸没在选自水、有机溶剂及其混合物的溶剂中;
(ii)在室温至100℃的温度下使所述溶剂连续循环地通过所述当归植物的根以提供可溶性提取物;和
(iii)收集来自步骤(ii)的所述可溶性提取物并蒸发所述溶剂以提供所述当归根提取物。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述产品是食品产品,并且其中所述食品产品选自饮料、肉汤和全谷物食品产品。
12.如权利要求10或11所述的方法,其中所述味觉掩蔽有效量为所述组合物重量的大约1至大约5000ppm。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述味觉掩蔽有效量为所述组合物重量的大约10至大约1000ppm。
14.如权利要求10-13任一所述的方法,其中所述当归植物是当归(A.sinensis)或圆叶当归(A.archangelica)。
15.如权利要求10-14任一所述的方法,其中所述有机溶剂是醇。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述醇是乙醇。
17.如权利要求10-16任一所述的方法,其中所述温度为70至80℃。
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US201361889149P | 2013-10-10 | 2013-10-10 | |
US14/511,963 | 2014-10-10 | ||
US14/511,963 US20150104398A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 | 2014-10-10 | Taste modulator and method of use thereof |
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CN105495281A true CN105495281A (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
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US (1) | US20150104398A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3005884B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105495281A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR102015025741B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2625767T3 (zh) |
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CN105941818A (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-21 | 四川农业大学 | 一种苦荞冰淇淋甜筒及其制作方法 |
CN106259785A (zh) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 开平市水口镇卡摩商行 | 一种减肥饼干 |
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US10945938B2 (en) | 2014-07-03 | 2021-03-16 | Takasago International Corporation | Lactone-containing compositions for malodor elimination |
RU2747237C2 (ru) * | 2016-07-06 | 2021-04-29 | Маккормик Энд Компани, Инкорпорейтед | Природные инкапсулированные ароматизирующие продукты |
WO2021024543A1 (ja) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-02-11 | 株式会社Mizkan Holdings | 食用植物を含有する粉末状食品、およびこれを含有する飲食品 |
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CN106259785A (zh) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 开平市水口镇卡摩商行 | 一种减肥饼干 |
Also Published As
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EP3005884A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
BR102015025741B1 (pt) | 2021-06-15 |
MX368117B (es) | 2019-09-19 |
MX2015014309A (es) | 2016-07-08 |
US20150104398A1 (en) | 2015-04-16 |
EP3005884B1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
BR102015025741A2 (pt) | 2016-04-12 |
ES2625767T3 (es) | 2017-07-20 |
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