CN105454120A - Culture method and device for high-grade oysters - Google Patents
Culture method and device for high-grade oysters Download PDFInfo
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- CN105454120A CN105454120A CN201610062957.8A CN201610062957A CN105454120A CN 105454120 A CN105454120 A CN 105454120A CN 201610062957 A CN201610062957 A CN 201610062957A CN 105454120 A CN105454120 A CN 105454120A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a culture method and device for high-grade oysters. The culture method comprises the steps that firstly, a culture sea area meeting the national first-grade water quality is selected as a high-grade oyster culture sea area, and meanwhile high-grade monomer seed oysters are induced and bred; then the high-grade seed oysters are placed in the culture device, and the culture device is put in the culture sea area; finally the oysters reach the standard commercial specification through about one year of natural culture, and the oysters can be harvested. A body of the culture device is a double-layer cuboid culture frame, the culture frame is connected with a floating barrel through a polyethylene rope, a frame cover with hooks is arranged on one side of the culture frame, separation plates are arranged in the culture frame to evenly divide the frame into four boxes, each box of the frame is provided with a net cage in a matched mode, and a net cage cover with hooks is arranged on one side of each net cage. The culture method and device are suitable for open sea deep water sea area culture, the open sea is deep in water, fast in flow, large in wind and wave, good in water quality and rich in bait, the high-grade oysters with attractive shell shapes and good quality can be cultured through the method, and the diversified demands of the markets can be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oyster culture method, particularly relate to a kind of method and apparatus being applicable to the high-grade oyster culture in Deepwater Open Sea region, belong to aquaculture field.
Background technology
Oyster is one of large cultivated shellfish of China four, its output accounts for 1/3 of the total cultured output of China shellfish, and account for more than 85% of world's oyster gross yield, but China's oyster output value is only 3% of world's oyster export output value, the oyster that high-grade hotel, each big city of China eats something rare is all from external import, and single oyster price is more than 40 yuan, and the oyster price of China's cultivation is only in one jin, a few unit, single oyster deficiency unitary, differs greatly with import oyster price.China, except the not state-owned world-renowned oyster brand of picture method, mainly due to the restriction of China's oyster culture water environment and traditional breeding way, is difficult to produce the high-grade cultchless oyster that can eat something rare.Cultchless oyster namely free, without the oyster of adhesive substrate, cultchless oyster is not subject to the restriction of growing space due to its free property, thus hull shape rule is attractive in appearance, size is even, can improve quality and the class of oyster, therefore expensive, remarkable in economical benefits, cultchless oyster is also convenient to put in a suitable place to breed and gather in the crops.
The raft formula lifting rope cultivation of the shallow sea inner bay that current China oyster culture mode is mainly traditional, due to lifting rope oyster culture along with oyster constantly grows up, lifting rope is difficult to the oyster supporting larger weight and volume, oyster is caused very easily to come off from lifting rope, lifting rope oyster culture is not suitable in Deepwater Open Sea or the large marine site of stormy waves, it is only suitable for right up and down inner bay and shallow sea, and therefore culturing area is range limited in offshore sea waters.And be vulnerable to the pollution of house refuse, industrial wastewater etc. due to offshore sea waters, so the oyster of offshore sea waters cultivation does not generally reach the high standard standard of eating something rare.
Because traditional oyster culture mode limits, the good open ocean of China's water quality, unanimously oyster culture cannot be carried out especially as the South China Sea Deep Water marine site that China is wide, and other aquatic products are as fish deep-water net cage culture, pollute because of bait throwing in and suffer that neighbouring country opposes, result in China's Deepwater Open Sea marine site availability extremely low.Because oyster culture does not need bait throwing in, can not aquaculture sea area be polluted, and can sea water quality be improved, unanimously advocate the cultivation of oyster all over the world.But existing oyster culture mode have impact on producing of high-quality oyster; can be applicable to the good Deepwater Open Sea region of water environment in the urgent need to a kind of now; and the high-grade oyster culture mode of wind wave resistance; break through traditional oyster culture technology; carry out effective utilization in satisfied high-grade oyster in scale cultivation and Deepwater Open Sea region; improve oyster quality and eat something rare level to reach outlet, improve the higher value application of Deepwater Open Sea simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of high-grade oyster culture method and apparatus of suitable Deepwater Open Sea marine site, overcome traditional oyster culture mode only for offshore sea waters, exploitation Deepwater Open Sea marine site, for improving the quality of oyster culture, to make up the deficiencies in the prior art.
For achieving the above object, the concrete technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A cultural method for high-grade oyster, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) selection of mariculture area: select to meet national aquaculture product and eat something rare standard, bait enriches, not by the Deepwater Open Sea marine site of inland environmental influence, detect water quality, the mariculture area meeting a national class water quality is high-grade oyster culture sea area;
(2) high-grade cultchless oyster seedling is bred as: indoor oyster seed is cultivated to eyebot larvae through artificial breeding, utilizes (1-1.5) 10
-4the adrenaline induction process oyster larva 2-3h of M, namely the cultchless oyster seedling of not set metamorphosis is cultivated, then be extremely applicable to the cultchless oyster seedling of the shell height 3.0-3.5cm of Deepwater Open Sea marine site cultivation at outdoor cultivation, then the thorn on the shell of each cultchless oyster seedling and shell edge and sour jujube mechanical grinding are become the high-grade spat of oyster that shell mass color is sliding, hull shape is attractive in appearance;
(3) the high-grade spat of oyster loads cultivator: load in cultivator by the high-grade spat of oyster of above-mentioned cultivation;
(4) cultivator renders to mariculture area: transport the cultivator putting into the high-grade spat of oyster to described high-grade oyster culture sea area with fishing boat and cultivate, cultivator is interconnected by floating well rope, two floating drums on cultivator ensure that cultivator is in poised state, prevent cultivator from tilting, cause oyster culture to get together, impact is ingested;
(5) manage during the cultivation of high-grade oyster: during high-grade oyster culture, every 6-7 month use ship and crane are sling and are changed net cage in cultivator 1 time, and simultaneously according to the sparse cultivation density of size that oyster grows up, naturally cultivating through 1.0-1.5, oyster reaches the commercial specification of 10-12cm, soft body grossness can be gathered in the crops.
Cultivator main body described in described step (3) is pair of lamina cuboid cultivation framework, be have polyethylene rope above this cultivation framework, there is the floating drum being provided with control valve in the other end system of described polyethylene rope, described cultivation framework side is provided with the frame cover with hook one, it is four lattice that described cultivation lower portion is provided with dividing plate by framework equipartition, the every lattice of framework are combined with a net cage, and this net cage side is provided with the net cage lid with hook two, and described hook one and hook two can hook conjunction mutually.
In described step (5), high-grade oyster culture device typhoon and stormy waves large time, the control valve of floating drum on described cultivator is opened into water, cultivator is sunk under the water, reduce stormy waves to the damage of cultivator, when general stormy waves is less, floating drum of finding time makes cultivator float on seawater surface.
Described floating drum is the rhomboid body being made hollow by vinyon, and it has two laterally zygomorphic grooves for being polyethylene rope, the two ends of floating drum are provided with sealed valve, add water for opening floating drum and find time, when stormy waves is large, adds water and sink under the water, to play the effect of wind wave resistance.
Described cultivation framework does the two-layer cuboid framework of growth 120-150cm, wide 80-100cm, floor height 20-30cm by the iron wire of diameter 4-6mm, and the number of described floating drum is 2.
The polypropylene plastics net that described net cage is 2.0-2.5cm by aperture does growth 80-100cm, wide 40-50cm, high 15-25cm net cage, is covered by net cage lid after loading the spat of oyster, and hook two and the hook one on framework are hooked conjunction, with fixed cage.
Described cultivator can put into 8000-10000 the spat of oyster, and every mu of sea area can be put 18-20 in a suitable place to breed and be overlapped cultivator.
The sparse cultivation density of size of growing up according to oyster in described step (5) puts 5000-6000 oyster in a suitable place to breed for often overlapping cultivator.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect: cultivator provided by the present invention is provided with that intensity is large, the chassis body of wind wave resistance, is placed on by the spat of oyster in the net cage in framework, uses hook firm between net cage and framework; Cultivator is also provided with floating drum, utilizes floating drum water-filling or inflation, device is sunk to or keeps afloat, and avoids the enormous impact of high sea to cultivator, thus prevents the spat of oyster from losing in a large number.The present invention is applicable to the cultivation of Deepwater Open Sea marine site, due to off-lying sea, The water is deep and the current fast, stormy waves is large, the good bait of water quality enriches, the high-grade oyster that shell mould is attractive in appearance, quality is excellent can be cultivated, meet market diversification demand, breach cultural method and the technology of traditional oyster, expand oyster culture region and scope.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be cultivator of the present invention general structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fish culture net cage in cultivator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of floating drum in cultivator of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-cultivates framework, 2-dividing plate, 3-polyethylene rope, 4-frame cover, and 5-links up with one, 6-net cage, 7-net cage lid, 8-hook two, floating drum (9), groove (10), control valve (11).
Embodiment
Below by way of embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
A cultural method for high-grade oyster, comprises the steps:
(1) selection of mariculture area: select to meet national aquaculture product and eat something rare standard, bait enriches, not by the Deepwater Open Sea marine site of inland environmental influence, detect water quality, the mariculture area meeting a national class water quality is high-grade oyster culture sea area;
(2) high-grade cultchless oyster seedling is bred as: indoor oyster seed is cultivated to eyebot larvae through artificial breeding, utilizes (1-1.5) 10
-4the adrenaline induction process oyster larva 2-3h of M, namely the cultchless oyster seedling of not set metamorphosis is cultivated, then be extremely applicable to the cultchless oyster seedling of the shell height 3.0-3.5cm of Deepwater Open Sea marine site cultivation at outdoor cultivation, then the thorn on the shell of each cultchless oyster seedling and shell edge and sour jujube mechanical grinding are become the high-grade spat of oyster that shell mass color is sliding, hull shape is attractive in appearance;
(3) the high-grade spat of oyster loads cultivator: load in cultivator by the high-grade spat of oyster of above-mentioned cultivation, as Figure 1-3, described cultivator main body is be growth 120-150cm by the iron wire of diameter 4-6mm, wide 80-100cm, the double-deck cuboid cultivation framework 1 of floor height 20-30cm, be have 60-80 stock polyethylene rope 3 above this cultivation framework 1, there are 2 floating drums 9 being provided with control valve 11 in the other end system of described polyethylene rope 3, described cultivation framework 1 side is provided with the frame cover 4 with hook 1, it is four lattice that described cultivation framework 1 inside is provided with dividing plate 2 by framework equipartition, the every lattice of framework are combined with a net cage 6, this net cage 6 side is provided with the net cage lid 7 with hook 28, described hook 1 and hook 28 can hook conjunction mutually, described floating drum 9 is the rhomboid bodies being made hollow by vinyon, and it has two laterally zygomorphic grooves 10 for being polyethylene rope 3, the two ends of floating drum 9 are provided with sealed valve 11, the polypropylene plastics net that described net cage 6 is 2.0-2.5cm by aperture does growth 80-100cm, wide 40-50cm, high 15-25cm cuboid net cage, loads after the spat of oyster and is covered by net cage lid 7, and is hooked with the hook 1 on framework by hook 28 and close, with fixed cage 6,
(4) cultivator renders to mariculture area: transport the cultivator putting into the high-grade spat of oyster to described high-grade oyster culture sea area with fishing boat and cultivate, cultivator is interconnected by floating well rope, two floating drums on cultivator ensure that cultivator is in poised state, prevent cultivator from tilting, cause oyster culture to get together, impact is ingested; Described cultivator can put into 8000-10000 the spat of oyster, and every mu of sea area can be put 18-20 in a suitable place to breed and be overlapped cultivator;
(5) manage during the cultivation of high-grade oyster: during high-grade oyster culture, every 6-7 month use ship and crane are sling and are changed net cage in cultivator 1 time, and the sparse cultivation density of size of simultaneously growing up according to oyster often overlaps cultivator puts 5000-6000 oyster in a suitable place to breed, naturally cultivating through 1.0-1.5, oyster reaches the commercial specification of 10-12cm, soft body grossness can be gathered in the crops; Typhoon and stormy waves large time, the control valve 11 of floating drum 9 on described cultivator is opened into water, cultivator is sunk under the water, reduce the damage to cultivator of stormy waves, when general stormy waves is less, floating drum 9 of finding time makes cultivator float on seawater surface.
The present invention directly can be placed on the high-grade spat of oyster in the net cage in framework, cultivate in Deepwater Open Sea, due to off-lying sea, The water is deep and the current fast, stormy waves is large, the good bait of water quality enriches, thus it is attractive in appearance to cultivate shell mould, the high-grade oyster of quality better, meet the demand in market, the present invention breaches cultural method and the technology of traditional oyster, expands oyster culture region and scope.
Above-described embodiment only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalent transformations of doing according to Spirit Essence of the present invention or modification, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a cultural method for high-grade oyster, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) selection of mariculture area: select to meet national aquaculture product and eat something rare standard, bait enriches, not by the Deepwater Open Sea marine site of inland environmental influence, detect water quality, the mariculture area meeting a national class water quality is high-grade oyster culture sea area;
(2) high-grade cultchless oyster seedling is bred as: indoor oyster seed is cultivated to eyebot larvae through artificial breeding, utilizes (1-1.5) 10
-4the adrenaline induction process oyster larva 2-3h of M, namely the cultchless oyster seedling of not set metamorphosis is cultivated, then be extremely applicable to the cultchless oyster seedling of the shell height 3.0-3.5cm of Deepwater Open Sea marine site cultivation at outdoor cultivation, then the thorn on the shell of each cultchless oyster seedling and shell edge and sour jujube mechanical grinding are become the high-grade spat of oyster that shell mass color is sliding, hull shape is attractive in appearance;
(3) the high-grade spat of oyster loads cultivator: load in cultivator by the high-grade spat of oyster of above-mentioned cultivation;
(4) cultivator renders to mariculture area: transport the cultivator putting into the high-grade spat of oyster to described high-grade oyster culture sea area with fishing boat and cultivate, and cultivator is interconnected by floating well rope;
(5) manage during the cultivation of high-grade oyster: during high-grade oyster culture, every 6-7 month use ship and crane are sling and are changed net cage in cultivator 1 time, and simultaneously according to the sparse cultivation density of size that oyster grows up, naturally cultivating through 1.0-1.5, oyster reaches the commercial specification of 10-12cm, soft body grossness can be gathered in the crops.
2. the cultural method of high-grade oyster as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the cultivator main body described in step (3) is pair of lamina cuboid cultivation framework (1), there is polyethylene rope (3) in this cultivation framework (1) top system, there is the floating drum (9) being provided with control valve (11) in the other end system of described polyethylene rope (3), described cultivation framework (1) side is provided with the frame cover (4) with hook one (5), it is four lattice that described cultivation framework (1) inside is provided with dividing plate (2) by framework equipartition, the every lattice of framework are combined with a net cage (6), this net cage (6) side is provided with the net cage lid (7) with hook two (8), described hook one (5) and hook two (8) can hook conjunction mutually.
3. the cultural method of high-grade oyster as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in described step (5), high-grade oyster culture device typhoon and stormy waves large time, the control valve (11) of floating drum (9) on described cultivator is opened into water, cultivator is sunk under the water, reduce the damage to cultivator of stormy waves, when general stormy waves is less, floating drum of finding time (9) makes cultivator float on seawater surface.
4. the cultural method of high-grade oyster as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described floating drum (9) is the rhomboid body being made hollow by vinyon, it has two laterally zygomorphic grooves (10) for being polyethylene rope (3), the two ends of floating drum (9) are provided with sealed valve (11).
5. the cultural method of high-grade oyster as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described cultivation framework (1) does the two-layer cuboid framework of growth 120-150cm, wide 80-100cm, floor height 20-30cm by the iron wire of diameter 4-6mm, the number of described floating drum (9) is 2.
6. the cultural method of high-grade oyster as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that the polypropylene plastics net that described net cage (6) is 2.0-2.5cm by aperture does growth 80-100cm, wide 40-50cm, high 15-25cm net cage, after loading the spat of oyster, net cage lid (7) is covered, and hook two (8) is hooked with the hook one (5) on framework close, with fixed cage (6).
7. the cultural method of high-grade oyster as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described cultivator can put into 8000-10000 the spat of oyster, and every mu of sea area can be put 18-20 in a suitable place to breed and be overlapped cultivator.
8. the cultural method of high-grade oyster as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the sparse cultivation density of size of growing up according to oyster in described step (5) puts 5000-6000 oyster in a suitable place to breed for often overlapping cultivator.
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| CN108522377A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-09-14 | 申晓宏 | A kind of typhoon protection simultaneously adapts to mechanization seedlings plugging, the big oyster cultural method of harvest |
| CN109220934A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-18 | 王华桥 | The abalone fry cultivation apparatus and method of the high-survival rate broadcast are thrown in natural sea area |
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| CN108522377A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-09-14 | 申晓宏 | A kind of typhoon protection simultaneously adapts to mechanization seedlings plugging, the big oyster cultural method of harvest |
| CN109220934A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-18 | 王华桥 | The abalone fry cultivation apparatus and method of the high-survival rate broadcast are thrown in natural sea area |
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| CN110447579A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-11-15 | 中国海洋大学 | It is a kind of suitable for close spiral shell cultivate and larvae rearing device and method |
| CN111034662A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Method for obtaining hong Kong oyster monomer by drug induction |
| CN111066706A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-04-28 | 钦州市水产技术推广站 | Combined oyster cultivation floating valve |
| CN111066706B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2024-05-28 | 钦州市水产技术推广站 | Combined oyster cultivation floating cut |
| CN111513007A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-08-11 | 中国海洋大学 | Method and device suitable for cultivating single oysters on shallow sea beach |
| CN112931324A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-11 | 中国海洋大学 | Submarine culture method and device suitable for oysters |
| CN112931324B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-07-29 | 中国海洋大学 | Submarine culture method and device suitable for oysters |
| CN113207766A (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2021-08-06 | 中国海洋大学 | Fattening method and device for breeding crassostrea gigas in north |
| CN114365711A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-19 | 威海金牌生物科技有限公司 | Selenium-rich oyster cultivation method |
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