CN105453982A - Sowing propagation method for dawn redwoods - Google Patents
Sowing propagation method for dawn redwoods Download PDFInfo
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- CN105453982A CN105453982A CN201510938613.4A CN201510938613A CN105453982A CN 105453982 A CN105453982 A CN 105453982A CN 201510938613 A CN201510938613 A CN 201510938613A CN 105453982 A CN105453982 A CN 105453982A
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- metasequoia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sowing propagation method for dawn redwoods. The method comprises following steps: (1) seed collecting; (2) soil preparation; (3) seed processing; (4) sowing; and (5) seedling management. In the step (1), cones of dawn redwood mother trees are collected in the year before sowing. In the step (2), sowing is performed in February in the sowing year; acidic sandy loam with pH being 4-6 is employed as the breeding field; and beds are made after the breeding field is ploughed and raked. In the step (3), seeds are soaked in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or in the water at 28-32 DEG C before sowing. In the step (4), ditches are made in the beds and then drill sowing is performed. In the step (5), shade houses are erected on the beds after the seeds sprout. By employing the method, the propagation quantity and survival rate of dawn redwoods can be effectively increased and improved, dawn redwood seedlings can be outplanted and transplanted in a short period, and the transplanted seedlings grow well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seed propagation method of trees, particularly relate to a kind of seed propagation method of metasequoia, belong to agriculture trees and bring up technical field.
Background technology
Metasequoia is Relict Plant rare in the world, there is the title of vegetable kingdom living fossil, belong to fallen leaves megaphanerophyte, up to 35-41.5m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground reaches 1.6-2.4m, trunk is logical straight, base portion often expands, bark grey, taupe or lead, and treelet is cleaved into platelet exfoliation, large tree is cleaved into strip and comes off, endothelium lividus; Branch is exhibition tiltedly, and sprig is sagging; Metasequoia happiness light, has certain salinity and alkalinity resistance, also can normal growth on the light saline land of salt content 0.2%.
Metasequoia trunk leads to straight elevator and pulls out, tree-like magnificence, autumn has set in, and posterior lobe coloured gold is yellow, be commonly used for urban afforestation, beautify park, garden or build riverine, river bank shelter forest etc., because metasequoia is to pernicious gas resistances such as the sulphur dioxide in air, there is contamination resistance, metasequoia also has the stronger ability absorbing and retaining dust simultaneously, and therefore, metasequoia is also usually used in the greening of industrial and mining area; Metasequoia material reddish tan, heartwood is purplish red, and material is light and soft attractive in appearance, can supply building, plate, papermaking, utensil processed, modeling type and interior decoration, is the good timber of shipbuilding, building, bridge, farm implements and furniture.
Therefore, the value of metasequoia is very high, but the breeding of metasequoia is at present mainly by cuttage cultivation, want first from clip cutting elite stand, and choose the cutting for the treatment of clip and clip length is uncontrollable, the survival rate of cuttage cultivation is lower, even if the metasequoia nursery stock becoming to survive, the survival rate that later stage transplants again also can be had a greatly reduced quality, and growth conditions is not good.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of seed propagation method of metasequoia, effectively improve the seed propagation survival rate of metasequoia.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A seed propagation method for metasequoia, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) collect seed: pluck metasequoia elite stand cone between mid-October to mid-November of 1 year prior to seeding, cone airing is deviate from seed to fruit scale cracking;
(2) wholely: sow in the February in sowing year, do nursery with the acid sand of pH value 4-6, within 8-10 days, apply the mixture of fertilizer or superphosphate and quicklime before sowing to nursery, after plow harrow, do furrow;
(3) seed treatment: soak seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1% before sowing and rinse rear sowing with water; Or to sow after drying in the shade with the water soaking seed of 28-32 DEG C;
(4) sow: drilling of ditching on furrow, in ditch, cover Nutrition Soil 3-5cm thick, will sow in ditch on Nutrition Soil after seed and fine sand fusion, with yellow soil cover-seeding ditch, after planting at furrow upper cover straw, a spray water, and continue to keep ground moistening in furrow before emerging;
(5) seedling management: emerge more than 40% time remove straw, furrow put up cool canopy.
Further, in order to ensure the germination rate of metasequoia seed, emergence rate and the survival rate of plucking, the age of tree of metasequoia elite stand is plucked described in step (1) more than 35 years.
Further, in order to improve the fertility of soil, the weight applying fertilizer described in step (2) is per hectare 60-80 ton, and the weight of described superphosphate is per hectare 1.2-1.5 ton, and the weight of quicklime is per hectare 0.07-0.08 ton; Described fertilizer is one or both the mixture in compost or barnyard manure.
Further, in order to promote that the seed coat of metasequoia seed softens, increase permeability and imbibition ability, before the sowing described in step (3), immersion seed is the liquor potassic permanganate immersion seed 1-1.5h with 0.1%, and sows after rinsing 5min with the clear water of flowing; Or with the water soaking seed 8-10h of 28-32 DEG C pull out dry in the shade after sowing, the inhibitor such as metasequoia seed inclusion abscisic acid, acidulants are decomposed, improves the mobility of enzyme, and make complicated compound change soluble substance into, promote embryo development, improve percentage of seedgermination.
Further, in order to ensure the developmenting space of metasequoia seed in soil and the growing space after being unearthed, the furrow width 8-12cm ditched on furrow described in step (4), dark 8-10cm, ditch spacing 20-25cm.
Further, the Nutrition Soil described in step (4) comprises the baked wheaten cake fine earth of 95% and the calcium magnesium phosphorus of 5%, in order to promote the germination of metasequoia seed.
Further, also comprise the step of seedling furrow after the rain spreading fine earth after emerging described in step (5), keep soil from packing together, reduce moisture evaporation.
Further, in order to metasequoia nursery stock after ensureing to be unearthed is needed for the growth of Fast-growing stage, after emerging described in step (5), also comprise the step of topdressing, described in topdress as 2-3 time, and to carry out between 6-8 month then planting.
Further, remove described in step (5) straw be at the cloudy day or at dusk time carry out, avoid because of the sun beats down temperature higher time remove straw, injure the growth of metasequoia nursery stock.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: by rationally sowing the metasequoia seed plucked, the seedling management of science, effectively improve the seed propagation survival rate of metasequoia, and transplant fast through the metasequoia outplanting that the present invention breeds, the growth result after transplanting is good.
embodiment:
Concrete introduction is done to the present invention below.
Embodiment one
A seed propagation method for metasequoia, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) collect seed: pluck the metasequoia elite stand cone of the age of tree more than 35 years prior to seeding the mid-October of 1 year, cone airing is deviate from seed to fruit scale cracking, in order to ensure the germination rate of metasequoia seed of harvesting, emergence rate and survival rate;
(2) wholely: sow in the February in sowing year, do nursery 1 hectare with the acid sand of pH value 4, sow first 8 days and apply 60 tons, compost to nursery, in order to improve the fertility of soil, after plow harrow, do furrow;
(3) seed treatment: soak seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1% before sowing and rinse rear sowing with water; In order to promote that the seed coat of metasequoia seed softens, increase permeability and imbibition ability, the present embodiment is the liquor potassic permanganate immersion seed 1h with 0.1%, and sows after rinsing 5min with the clear water of flowing;
(4) sow: drilling of ditching on furrow, in order to ensure the developmenting space of metasequoia seed in soil and the growing space after being unearthed, the furrow width 8cm that the present embodiment is ditched on furrow, dark 10cm, ditch spacing 20cm; In ditch, cover Nutrition Soil 3cm thick, will sow in ditch on Nutrition Soil after seed and fine sand fusion, with yellow soil cover-seeding ditch, after planting at furrow upper cover straw, a spray water, and continue to keep ground moistening in furrow before emerging; Nutrition Soil in the present embodiment comprises the baked wheaten cake fine earth of 95% and the calcium magnesium phosphorus of 5%, in order to promote the germination of metasequoia seed;
(5) seedling management: emerge more than 40% and remove straw when cloudy weather, furrow put up cool canopy; The present embodiment also comprises the step of seedling furrow after the rain spreading fine earth after emerging, and keeps soil from packing together, and reduces moisture evaporation; And in order to metasequoia nursery stock after ensureing to be unearthed is needed for the growth of Fast-growing stage, the present embodiment also comprises the step of topdressing after emerging, to topdress between 6-8 month be then 2 times planting.
Embodiment two
A seed propagation method for metasequoia, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) collect seed: the late October of 1 year plucks the metasequoia elite stand cone of the age of tree more than 35 years prior to seeding, and cone airing is deviate from seed to fruit scale cracking, in order to ensure the germination rate of the metasequoia seed of harvesting, emergence rate and survival rate;
(2) wholely: sow in the February in sowing year, do nursery 1 hectare with the acid sand of pH value 5, sow first 9 days and apply barnyard manure 80 tons to nursery, in order to improve the fertility of soil, after plow harrow, do furrow;
(3) seed treatment: soak seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1% before sowing and rinse rear sowing with water; In order to promote that the seed coat of metasequoia seed softens, increase permeability and imbibition ability, the present embodiment is the liquor potassic permanganate immersion seed 1.3h with 0.1%, and sows after rinsing 5min with the clear water of flowing;
(4) sow: drilling of ditching on furrow, in order to ensure the developmenting space of metasequoia seed in soil and the growing space after being unearthed, the furrow width 9cm that the present embodiment is ditched on furrow, dark 10cm, ditch spacing 22cm; In ditch, cover Nutrition Soil 4cm thick, will sow in ditch on Nutrition Soil after seed and fine sand fusion, with yellow soil cover-seeding ditch, after planting at furrow upper cover straw, a spray water, and continue to keep ground moistening in furrow before emerging; Nutrition Soil in the present embodiment comprises the baked wheaten cake fine earth of 95% and the calcium magnesium phosphorus of 5%, in order to promote the germination of metasequoia seed;
(5) seedling management: emerge more than 40% and at candlelight removes straw, furrow put up cool canopy; The present embodiment also comprises the step of seedling furrow after the rain spreading fine earth after emerging, and keeps soil from packing together, and reduces moisture evaporation; And in order to metasequoia nursery stock after ensureing to be unearthed is needed for the growth of Fast-growing stage, the present embodiment also comprises the step of topdressing after emerging, to topdress between 6-8 month be then 2 times planting.
Embodiment three
A seed propagation method for metasequoia, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) collect seed: the late October of 1 year plucks the metasequoia elite stand cone of the age of tree more than 35 years prior to seeding, and cone airing is deviate from seed to fruit scale cracking, in order to ensure the germination rate of the metasequoia seed of harvesting, emergence rate and survival rate;
(2) wholely: sow in the February in sowing year, do nursery 1 hectare with the acid sand of pH value 5.5, sow first 9 days apply compost and mixture 70 tons from barnyard manure to nursery, in order to improve the fertility of soil, after plow harrow, do furrow;
(3) seed treatment: sowing after the front water soaking seed 10h with 28 DEG C of sowing pulls out and dries in the shade, the inhibitor such as metasequoia seed inclusion abscisic acid, acidulants are decomposed, improves the mobility of enzyme, and make complicated compound change soluble substance into, promote embryo development, improve percentage of seedgermination;
(4) sow: drilling of ditching on furrow, in order to ensure the developmenting space of metasequoia seed in soil and the growing space after being unearthed, the furrow width 10cm that the present embodiment is ditched on furrow, dark 8cm, ditch spacing 23cm; In ditch, cover Nutrition Soil 5cm thick, will sow in ditch on Nutrition Soil after seed and fine sand fusion, with yellow soil cover-seeding ditch, after planting at furrow upper cover straw, a spray water, and continue to keep ground moistening in furrow before emerging; Nutrition Soil in the present embodiment comprises the baked wheaten cake fine earth of 95% and the calcium magnesium phosphorus of 5%, in order to promote the germination of metasequoia seed;
(5) seedling management: emerge more than 40% and remove straw when cloudy weather, furrow put up cool canopy; The present embodiment also comprises the step of seedling furrow after the rain spreading fine earth after emerging, and keeps soil from packing together, and reduces moisture evaporation; And in order to metasequoia nursery stock after ensureing to be unearthed is needed for the growth of Fast-growing stage, the present embodiment also comprises the step of topdressing after emerging, to topdress between 6-8 month be then 3 times planting.
Embodiment four
A seed propagation method for metasequoia, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) collect seed: the early November of 1 year plucks the metasequoia elite stand cone of the age of tree more than 35 years prior to seeding, and cone airing is deviate from seed to fruit scale cracking, in order to ensure the germination rate of the metasequoia seed of harvesting, emergence rate and survival rate;
(2) wholely: sow in the February in sowing year, nursery 1 hectare is done with the acid sand of pH value 4.5, sow the front mixture applying superphosphate and quicklime for 10 days to nursery, wherein the weight of superphosphate is 1.4 tons, the weight of quicklime is 0.075 ton, in order to improve the fertility of soil, after plow harrow, do furrow;
(3) seed treatment: soak seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1% before sowing and rinse rear sowing with water; In order to promote that the seed coat of metasequoia seed softens, increase permeability and imbibition ability, the present embodiment is the liquor potassic permanganate immersion seed 1.5h with 0.1%, and sows after rinsing 5min with the clear water of flowing;
(4) sow: drilling of ditching on furrow, in order to ensure the developmenting space of metasequoia seed in soil and the growing space after being unearthed, the furrow width 11cm that the present embodiment is ditched on furrow, dark 9cm, ditch spacing 24cm; In ditch, cover Nutrition Soil 5cm thick, will sow in ditch on Nutrition Soil after seed and fine sand fusion, with yellow soil cover-seeding ditch, after planting at furrow upper cover straw, a spray water, and continue to keep ground moistening in furrow before emerging; Nutrition Soil in the present embodiment comprises the baked wheaten cake fine earth of 95% and the calcium magnesium phosphorus of 5%, in order to promote the germination of metasequoia seed;
(5) seedling management: emerge more than 40% and at candlelight removes straw, furrow put up cool canopy; The present embodiment also comprises the step of seedling furrow after the rain spreading fine earth after emerging, and keeps soil from packing together, and reduces moisture evaporation; And in order to metasequoia nursery stock after ensureing to be unearthed is needed for the growth of Fast-growing stage, the present embodiment also comprises the step of topdressing after emerging, to topdress between 6-8 month be then 2 times planting.
Embodiment five
A seed propagation method for metasequoia, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) collect seed: the early November of 1 year plucks the metasequoia elite stand cone of the age of tree more than 35 years prior to seeding, and cone airing is deviate from seed to fruit scale cracking, in order to ensure the germination rate of the metasequoia seed of harvesting, emergence rate and survival rate;
(2) wholely: sow in the February in sowing year, nursery 1 hectare is done with the acid sand of pH value 6, sow the front mixture applying superphosphate and quicklime for 8 days to nursery, wherein the weight of superphosphate is 1.2 tons, the weight of quicklime is 0.07 ton, in order to improve the fertility of soil, after plow harrow, do furrow;
(3) seed treatment: sowing after the front water soaking seed 8h with 30 DEG C of sowing pulls out and dries in the shade, the inhibitor such as metasequoia seed inclusion abscisic acid, acidulants are decomposed, improves the mobility of enzyme, and make complicated compound change soluble substance into, promote embryo development, improve percentage of seedgermination;
(4) sow: drilling of ditching on furrow, in order to ensure the developmenting space of metasequoia seed in soil and the growing space after being unearthed, the furrow width 12cm that the present embodiment is ditched on furrow, dark 10cm, ditch spacing 21cm; In ditch, cover Nutrition Soil 4cm thick, will sow in ditch on Nutrition Soil after seed and fine sand fusion, with yellow soil cover-seeding ditch, after planting at furrow upper cover straw, a spray water, and continue to keep ground moistening in furrow before emerging; Nutrition Soil in the present embodiment comprises the baked wheaten cake fine earth of 95% and the calcium magnesium phosphorus of 5%, in order to promote the germination of metasequoia seed;
(5) seedling management: emerge more than 40% and at candlelight removes straw, furrow put up cool canopy; The present embodiment also comprises the step of seedling furrow after the rain spreading fine earth after emerging, and keeps soil from packing together, and reduces moisture evaporation; And in order to metasequoia nursery stock after ensureing to be unearthed is needed for the growth of Fast-growing stage, the present embodiment also comprises the step of topdressing after emerging, to topdress between 6-8 month be then 3 times planting.
Embodiment six
A seed propagation method for metasequoia, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) collect seed: pluck the metasequoia elite stand cone of the age of tree more than 35 years prior to seeding the mid-November of 1 year, cone airing is deviate from seed to fruit scale cracking, in order to ensure the germination rate of metasequoia seed of harvesting, emergence rate and survival rate;
(2) wholely: sow in the February in sowing year, nursery 1 hectare is done with the acid sand of pH value 6, sow the front mixture applying superphosphate and quicklime for 10 days to nursery, wherein the weight of superphosphate is 1.5 tons, the weight of quicklime is 0.08 ton, in order to improve the fertility of soil, after plow harrow, do furrow;
(3) seed treatment: sowing after the front water soaking seed 9h with 32 DEG C of sowing pulls out and dries in the shade, the inhibitor such as metasequoia seed inclusion abscisic acid, acidulants are decomposed, improves the mobility of enzyme, and make complicated compound change soluble substance into, promote embryo development, improve percentage of seedgermination;
(4) sow: drilling of ditching on furrow, in order to ensure the developmenting space of metasequoia seed in soil and the growing space after being unearthed, the furrow width 12cm that the present embodiment is ditched on furrow, dark 8cm, ditch spacing 25cm; In ditch, cover Nutrition Soil 3cm thick, will sow in ditch on Nutrition Soil after seed and fine sand fusion, with yellow soil cover-seeding ditch, after planting at furrow upper cover straw, a spray water, and continue to keep ground moistening in furrow before emerging; Nutrition Soil in the present embodiment comprises the baked wheaten cake fine earth of 95% and the calcium magnesium phosphorus of 5%, in order to promote the germination of metasequoia seed;
(5) seedling management: emerge more than 40% and remove straw when cloudy weather, furrow put up cool canopy; The present embodiment also comprises the step of seedling furrow after the rain spreading fine earth after emerging, and keeps soil from packing together, and reduces moisture evaporation; And in order to metasequoia nursery stock after ensureing to be unearthed is needed for the growth of Fast-growing stage, the present embodiment also comprises the step of topdressing after emerging, to topdress between 6-8 month be then 3 times planting.
The present invention is by rationally sowing the metasequoia seed plucked, the seedling management of science, average yield per mu metasequoia seedling 5-7 ten thousand strain, annual height of seedling 40-60cm, indivedual height of seedling can reach more than 1m, more than leading thread 1cm, possess garden and transplant condition, effectively improve the seed propagation survival rate of metasequoia, and transplant fast through the metasequoia outplanting that the present invention breeds, the growth result after transplanting is good.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of patent of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from patent principle of the present invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a seed propagation method for metasequoia, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) collect seed: pluck metasequoia elite stand cone between mid-October to mid-November of 1 year prior to seeding, cone airing is deviate from seed to fruit scale cracking;
(2) wholely: sow in the February in sowing year, do nursery with the acid sand of pH value 4-6, within 8-10 days, apply the mixture of fertilizer or superphosphate and quicklime before sowing to nursery, after plow harrow, do furrow;
(3) seed treatment: soak seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.1% before sowing and rinse rear sowing with water; Or to sow after drying in the shade with the water soaking seed of 28-32 DEG C;
(4) sow: drilling of ditching on furrow, in ditch, cover Nutrition Soil 3-5cm thick, will sow in ditch on Nutrition Soil after seed and fine sand fusion, with yellow soil cover-seeding ditch, after planting at furrow upper cover straw, a spray water, and continue to keep ground moistening in furrow before emerging;
(5) seedling management: emerge more than 40% time remove straw, furrow put up cool canopy.
2. the seed propagation method of a kind of metasequoia according to claim 1, is characterized in that, pluck the age of tree of metasequoia elite stand described in step (1) more than 35 years.
3. the seed propagation method of a kind of metasequoia according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the weight applying fertilizer described in step (2) is per hectare 60-80 ton, and the weight of described superphosphate is per hectare 1.2-1.5 ton, and the weight of quicklime is per hectare 0.07-0.08 ton.
4. a kind of seed propagation method of metasequoia according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, described fertilizer is one or both the mixture in compost or barnyard manure.
5. the seed propagation method of a kind of metasequoia according to claim 1, is characterized in that, soak before the sowing described in step (3) seed be with 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate soak seed 1-1.5h, and to sow with after the clear water flushing 5min flowed; Or with the water soaking seed 8-10h of 28-32 DEG C pull out dry in the shade after sowing.
6. the seed propagation method of a kind of metasequoia according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the furrow width 8-12cm ditched on furrow described in step (4), dark 8-10cm, ditch spacing 20-25cm.
7. the seed propagation method of a kind of metasequoia according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the Nutrition Soil described in step (4) comprises the baked wheaten cake fine earth of 95% and the calcium magnesium phosphorus of 5%.
8. the seed propagation method of a kind of metasequoia according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise the step of seedling furrow after the rain spreading fine earth described in step (5) after emerging.
9. the seed propagation method of a kind of metasequoia according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise the step of topdressing after emerging described in step (5), described in topdress as 2-3 time, and to carry out between 6-8 month then planting.
10. the seed propagation method of a kind of metasequoia according to claim 1, is characterized in that, remove described in step (5) straw be at the cloudy day or at dusk time carry out.
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CN106561304A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-04-19 | 安徽开源汇通园林工程有限公司 | Method for grafting gold leaf metasequoia in alkaline land |
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CN107173191A (en) * | 2017-05-07 | 2017-09-19 | 陆志青 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of metasequoia sowing |
CN109479568A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-19 | 湖北民族学院 | A kind of metasequoia seed sprouts the plantation pallet and method of strong sprout |
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Cited By (5)
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CN106561304A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-04-19 | 安徽开源汇通园林工程有限公司 | Method for grafting gold leaf metasequoia in alkaline land |
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CN107173191A (en) * | 2017-05-07 | 2017-09-19 | 陆志青 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of metasequoia sowing |
CN109479568A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-19 | 湖北民族学院 | A kind of metasequoia seed sprouts the plantation pallet and method of strong sprout |
CN109479568B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-01-15 | 湖北民族学院 | Planting tray and method for germination and seedling strengthening of metasequoia seeds |
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