CN105441067B - 一种有机电致发光材料及其制备方法、应用 - Google Patents

一种有机电致发光材料及其制备方法、应用 Download PDF

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CN105441067B
CN105441067B CN201510818355.6A CN201510818355A CN105441067B CN 105441067 B CN105441067 B CN 105441067B CN 201510818355 A CN201510818355 A CN 201510818355A CN 105441067 B CN105441067 B CN 105441067B
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CN105441067A (zh
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盛磊
沈朝祥
马行康
宋涛
李学文
赵春伟
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Valiant Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种有机电致发光材料及其制备方法、应用,该类材料具有符合式(Ⅰ)所示的分子结构,经过适当的化学修饰,该类材料可以作为有机电致发光器件的功能层,应用在有机电致发光领域中。

Description

一种有机电致发光材料及其制备方法、应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种有机电致发光材料及其制备方法、应用,具体涉及一种以芴并菲为中心结构的小分子有机电致发光材料,并涉及该材料的制备方法及在有机电致发光领域中的应用。
背景技术
有机电致发光二级管(OLED)产生于上世纪80年代,经过二十余年的发展,该技术已逐步走向成熟,目前,有机电致发光技术,主要被应用在两个领域中,它们分别为全彩显示和白光照明,基于OLED显示技术的商品,已经逐步实现产业化,比如,在智能手机、曲面电视等商品中,已经较广泛地应用了该项技术。
OLED器件分为小分子器件和高分子器件两种,就目前而言,小分子器件在商品化的道路上,走的更远。小分子器件多具有三明治式的夹心结构,各种不同的功能层,按照一定的顺序,被制作在两个电极之间,在小分子器件中,不同的功能层承载着不同的功能,如空穴传输层,负责传到空穴,发光层,负责发光,电子传输层负责传导电子等。为了获得性能优良的OLED小分子器件,不仅需要各个功能层材料本身性能良好,且要求不同功能层之间,能够进行良好的匹配。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是,提供一种有机电致发光材料及其制备方法、应用,该类材料可以作为小分子有机电致发光器件的功能层,应用在有机电致发光领域中。
本发明解决上述技术问题的方案如下:一种有机电致发光材料,该有机电致发光材料为以芴并菲为中心结构的小分子,具有如式(Ⅰ)所示的结构:
其中,所述R1为含有两个芳香族取代基的胺基或芳香族取代基团,并进一步优选自二苯胺、苯基-1-萘胺、苯基-2-萘胺、苯基联苯胺、苯基芴胺、二苯并呋喃基苯胺、苯基三联苯胺、二联苯胺、联苯基芴胺、苯基、萘基、荧蒽基、芴基、菲基、蒽基、芘基、N-取代咔唑基、吡啶基、吡啶基苯基、苯并咪唑基中的一种;所述R2为甲基或芳香族取代基团,并进一步优选自甲基、苯基、萘基、菲基、吡啶基、吡啶基苯基、苯并咪唑基、苯并咪唑基苯基、嘧啶基、嘧啶基苯基中的一种。
芴类结构和菲类结构,都是小分子OLED材料中常见的子结构单元,但是通过一定的化学方式,将它们制作成为并环结构,从而获得了一类新的母核单元,在此基础上,经过适当的化学修饰,可以获得了一类性能优良的有机电致发光材料,其效果性能均优于单一的芴类结构或菲类结构。
该类材料可以作为小分子OLED器件的功能层,应用于有机电致发光领域中。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明提供了一类以芴并菲为中心结构的小分子有机电致发光材料,并提供了该类材料的合成方法,以该材料作为有机电致发光器件的功能层,制作的OLED器件,展示了较好的效能,其特点在于:
1.通过一定的化学方法,制备了一类以芴并菲为中心结构的小分子有机电致发光材料。
2.该类材料具有适当的分子质量、良好的薄膜稳定性、适合的分子能级,可以作为小分子OLED器件的功能层,应用于有机电致发光领域中。
3.以NPB作为空穴传输层,本发明所述材料作为发光层,TPBI作为电子传输层,制作的OLED器件,器件的最大亮度3700-7100cd/m2,最大电流效率1.5-2.4cd/A,器件效率良好,器件的色度坐标为(0.15-0.19,0.10-0.21),是一种色纯度优良的深蓝光器件。
4.以NPB作为空穴传输层,本发明所述材料作为发光层兼电子传输层,制作的OLED器件,器件的最大亮度1800-3000cd/m2,最大电流效率1.0-1.3cd/A,器件效率较好,该组器件结果表明,本发明所述材料具有良好的电子传输性能。
本发明中有机电致发光材料的制备方法描述如下:
首先是两个关键中间体,化合物1和化合物2的合成(结构式如下所示),并进一步以化合物1或化合物2为原料,与不同种类的硼酸或仲胺类化合物进行交叉偶联反应,制备本发明中所述及的目标化合物。
下面所列化合物C01~C39,是符合本发明精神和原则的代表结构,应当理解,列出以下化合物的具体结构,只是为了更好地解释本发明,并非是对本发明的限制。
本发明还涉及一种上述有机电致发光材料的应用,所述有机电致发光材料作为有机电致发光器件的功能层,应用在有机电致发光领域中。
本发明还涉及一种有机电致发光器件,至少有一个功能层含有上述有机电致发光材料。
所制备的有机电致发光器件一般包括依次叠加的ITO导电玻璃衬底(阳极)、空穴传输层(NPB)、发光层(本发明中的材料)、电子传输层(本发明中的材料或TPBI)、电子注入层(LiF)和阴极层(Al)。所有功能层均采用真空蒸镀工艺制成,该类器件中所用到的一些有机化合物的分子结构式如下所示。
本发明中,器件的功能层并不限于使用上述材料,这些材料可以用其它材料代替,以期待进一步改善器件性能,如空穴传输层可以用TAPC等代替,电子传输层可以用TpPYPB等代替,这些材料的分子结构式如下:
附图说明
图1为本发明所制作的第一组有机电致发光器件的结构示意图,由下层至上层,依次为ITO导电玻璃衬底(101)、空穴传输层(102)、发光层(103)、电子传输层(104)、电子注入层(105)和阴极层(106),其中发光层(103)涉及到本发明所述及的有机电致发光材料。
图2为本发明所制作的第二组有机电致发光器件的结构示意图,由下层至上层,依次为ITO导电玻璃衬底(201)、空穴传输层(202)、发光层兼电子传输层(203)、电子注入层(204)和阴极层(205),其中发光层兼电子传输层(203)涉及到本发明所述及的有机电致发光材料。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的原理和特征进行描述,所举实例只用于解释本发明,并非用于限定本发明的范围。
化合物制备实施例:
实施例1 重要中间体化合物1的制备
化合物3的制备:在3L三口瓶中,加入5,6-二溴苊(112g,0.36mol),2-甲氧羰基-4-甲基-苯硼酸(58.2g,0.3mol),碳酸钾(69g,0.5mol),甲苯(1200g),去离子水(450g),氮气保护下,加入Pd(PPh3)4(5.0g),升温至回流,保温反应24h,降温至30℃,分液,有机相快速通过25cm厚的硅胶柱,过柱液脱溶剂,所得粗产品使用无水乙醇为溶剂重结晶,得到化合物3,白色固体94.1g,收率82.5%,MS(m/s):380.1。
化合物4的制备:在配备有恒压滴液漏斗的2L三口瓶中,加入镁带(8.0g,0.33mol),将碘甲烷(46.8g,0.33mol)溶解在220mL干燥的乙醚中,而后置于恒压滴液漏斗中,氮气保护下,一次性加入碘甲烷的乙醚溶液总质量的1/5,待反应引发后,慢慢滴入剩余部分的碘甲烷的乙醚溶液,1h滴加完毕,32℃保温反应1.5h,降温至25℃,待用。将化合物3(57g,0.15mol)溶解在250g无水乙醚中,而后通过恒压滴液漏斗,慢慢滴入三口瓶中,1.5h滴加完毕,保温反应2h,降温至25℃,慢慢滴入120g质量浓度10%的稀盐酸,搅拌0.5h,分液,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,得到化合物4的粗产品,52.9g,所得化合物4的粗产品,不再进行精制,直接用于下一步反应中。
化合物5的制备:在2L三口瓶中,加入上一步所得到的化合物4的粗产品(52.9g),加入冰乙酸400g,降温至0℃,而后慢慢加入160g磷酸,慢慢升温至30℃,保温反应2.5h,反应结束后,将反应液慢慢倾入3L去离子水中,使用氢氧化钠调节至pH=7,使用1L乙酸乙酯萃取,分液,收集有机相,减压脱去溶剂,所得粗产品使用无水乙醇重结晶,得到化合物5,类白色晶体41.9g,收率77%,MS(m/s):362.1。
化合物6的制备:在配备有恒压滴液漏斗的2L三口瓶中,加入化合物5(36.3g,0.1mol),四氢呋喃(380g),降温至-78℃,慢慢滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(50mL,2.2mol/L,0.11mol),35min滴加完毕,-78℃保温2h,将N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(8.0g,0.11mol),溶解在60mL干燥的四氢呋喃之中,而后置于恒压滴液漏斗中,-78℃下,慢慢滴入三口瓶中,30min滴加完毕,-78℃保温4h,而后缓慢升温至25℃,停反应,加入120g去离子水,搅拌10min,分液,收集有机相,有机相脱溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为石油醚,得到化合物6,类白色固体26.2g,收率84%,MS(m/s):312.1。
化合物7的制备:在1L三口瓶中,加入化合物6(26g,0.083mol),甲氧甲基三苯基氯化膦(41g,0.12mol),甲苯(320g),N2保护,降温至内温<-5℃,将叔丁醇钾(13.5g,0.12mol)溶于60g THF中,缓慢滴入三口瓶中,控制瓶内温度<5℃,约0.5h滴加完毕,-5℃~5℃保温反应3h。加入60g去离子水,搅拌10min,分液,60mL X 2水洗有机相至pH=7,减压脱除甲苯,加入140g石油醚,搅拌0.5h,抽滤,40g石油醚淋洗滤饼,收集滤液,脱去石油醚,得到化合物7,总重23g,收率81.3%,MS(m/s):340.1,所得化合物7不再精制,直接用于下一步反应中。
化合物8的制备:在2L三口瓶中,加入化合物7(23g,0.067mol),320g THF,N2保护,搅拌20min,将380g浓盐酸加入到300g水中稀释,然后慢慢滴入三口瓶中,控制反应瓶内温度<30℃,20min滴加完毕,升温至40℃,保温反应2.5h,停反应,降温至25℃,加入420gCH2Cl2,N2保护下,搅拌5min,分液,150mL X 2快速水洗有机相,60g无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,减压快速脱去溶剂,得到化合物8,总重22g,所得产品不再进行精制,直接用于下一步反应。
化合物9的制备:在2L三口瓶中,加入上一步制备的化合物8(22g),环己烯基三甲基硅醚(16.6g,0.1mol),二氯甲烷(320g),N2保护下,使用-120℃的低温冷浴,降温至瓶内温度<-85℃,将无水四氯化钛(90g,0.48mol)溶于150g二氯甲烷中,然后慢慢滴入以上三口瓶中,控制瓶内温度<-75℃,约2.5h滴加完毕,保温反应2.5h,将反应瓶移入25℃的水浴中,反应36h,反应完毕,将反应液慢慢倾入1L冰水中,有大量氯化氢气体放出(注意通风),搅拌0.5h,分液,收集有机相,50g无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,收集滤液,滤液快速通过50g碱性氧化铝柱,收集过柱液,脱溶剂,得到粗产品44g,所得粗产品以环己烷为淋洗剂,硅胶柱层析纯化,得到化合物9,总重12.5g,收率48%,MS(m/s):388.2。
化合物10的制备:在1L三口瓶中,加入化合物9(23.3g,0.06mol),2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌(13.6g,0.06mol),苯(360g),N2保护下,升温至回流,保温反应5h,降温至25℃,抽滤,260g苯淋洗滤饼,收集滤液,脱去溶剂,以甲苯为溶剂重结晶,得到化合物10,类白色晶体18.2g,收率79.1%,MS(m/s):384.2。
化合物1的制备:在1L三口瓶中,加入化合物10(18g,0.047mol),四氯化碳(380g),Br2(8.0g,0.05mol),升温至50℃,保温反应6h,停反应,降至室温,加入180g水,15g NaHSO3,搅拌10min,抽滤,500mL无水乙醇淋洗滤饼,收集滤饼,以甲苯为溶剂重结晶,得到化合物1精品19.2g,收率88.5%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C30H23Br,理论值462.0983,测试值462.0987。
实施例2 重要中间体化合物2的制备
以2-甲氧羰基-4-氯苯硼酸代替2-甲氧羰基-4-甲基苯硼酸为原料,按照实施例1所述方法,合成化合物2,得到目标物21.2g。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C29H20BrCl,理论值482.0437,测试值482.0431。
实施例3 化合物C01的制备
在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物1(1.85g,4mmol),二苯胺(0.85g,5mmol),叔丁醇钠(0.96g,10mmol),醋酸钯(0.018g,0.08mmol),三叔丁基膦(0.032g,0.16mmol),邻二甲苯(45mL),氮气保护,升温至回流,反应12小时,停反应,降温,加入20g去离子水,分液,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为正己烷:二氯甲烷=2:1(V/V),得到目标物C01粗品,使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯,升华温度345℃,得到1.5g目标物C01,收率68.1%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C42H33N,理论值551.2613,测试值551.2617。元素分析(C42H33N),理论值C:91.43,H:6.03,N:2.54,实测值C:91.45,H:6.04,N:2.51。
实施例4 化合物C03的制备
以化合物1和N-苯基-2-萘胺为原料,按照实施例3所述方法,合成化合物C03,收率59.6%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C46H35N,理论值601.2770,测试值601.2777。元素分析(C46H35N),理论值C:91.81,H:5.86,N:2.33,实测值C:91.83,H:5.83,N:2.34。
实施例5 化合物C05的制备
以化合物1和N-苯基-4-芴胺为原料,按照实施例3所述方法,合成化合物C05,收率61.9%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C51H41N,理论值667.3239,测试值667.3231。元素分析(C51H41N),理论值C:91.72,H:6.19,N:2.10,实测值C:91.73,H:6.16,N:2.11。
实施例6 化合物C08的制备
以化合物1和N-(4-(1,1'-联苯))-3-(1,1'-联苯)胺为原料,按照实施例3所述方法,合成化合物C08,收率54.1%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C54H41N,理论值703.3239,测试值703.3236。元素分析(C54H41N),理论值C:92.14,H:5.87,N:1.99,实测值C:92.12,H:5.86,N:2.02。
施例7 化合物C12的制备
在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物1(1.85g,4mmol),2-甲基-1-萘硼酸(0.93g,5mmol),K2CO3(1.38g,10mmol),甲苯(32mL),去离子水(10mL),N2保护,加入Pd(PPh3)4(120mg),升温至回流,反应16小时,停反应,降温,分液,50mL去离子水洗1次,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为正己烷:二氯甲烷=5:1(V/V),得到目标物C12粗品,使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯,升华温度330℃,得到1.3g目标物C12,收率61.9%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C41H32,理论值,524.2504,测试值524.2509。元素分析(C41H32),理论值C:93.85,H:6.15,实测值C:93.87,H:6.13。
实施例8 化合物C15的制备
以化合物1和9,9-二甲基芴-4-硼酸为原料,按照实施例7所述方法,合成化合物C15,收率60.2%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C45H36,理论值576.2817,测试值576.2811。元素分析(C45H36),理论值C:93.71,H:6.29,实测值C:93.74,H:6.26。
实施例9 化合物C16的制备
以化合物1和9-菲硼酸为原料,按照实施例7所述方法,合成化合物C16,收率53.4%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C44H32,理论值560.2504,测试值560.2507。元素分析(C44H32),理论值C:94.25,H:5.75,实测值C:94.27,H:5.73。
实施例10 化合物C21的制备
以化合物1和N-苯基咔唑-3-硼酸为原料,按照实施例7所述方法,合成化合物C21,收率58.3%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C48H35N,理论值625.2770,测试值625.2778。元素分析(C48H35N),理论值C:92.12,H:5.64,N:2.24,实测值C:92.13,H:5.66,N:2.21。
实施例11 化合物C22的制备
以化合物1和吡啶-4-硼酸为原料,按照实施例7所述方法,合成化合物C22,收率58.2%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C35H27N,理论值461.2143,测试值461.2148。元素分析(C35H27N),理论值C:91.07,H:5.90,N:3.03,实测值C:91.05,H:5.93,N:3.02。
实施例12 化合物C24的制备
以化合物1和4-(1-苯基苯并咪唑-2-)苯硼酸为原料,按照实施例7所述方法,合成化合物C24,收率66.3%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C49H36N2,理论值652.2878,测试值652.2873。元素分析(C49H36N2),理论值C:90.15,H:5.56,N:4.29,实测值C:90.16,H:5.53,N:4.31。
实施例13 化合物C25的制备
中间体化合物11的制备:在500mL三口瓶中,加入化合物2(8.7g,18mmol),苯硼酸(2.93g,24mmol),K2CO3(5.5g,40mmol),甲苯(160mL),去离子水(80mL),N2保护,加入Pd(PPh3)4(320mg),升温至回流,反应16小时,停反应,降温,分液,50mL去离子水洗1次,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为正己烷:二氯甲烷=8:1(V/V),得到化合物11,重量7.6g,收率88.3%,MS(m/s):480.1。
化合物C25的制备:在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物11(1.44g,3mmol),苯硼酸(0.5g,4.1mmol),K2CO3(0.7g,5mmol),甲苯(32mL),去离子水(10mL),N2保护,加入醋酸钯(0.022g,0.1mmol),膦配体2-双环己基膦-2’,6’-二甲氧基-1,1’-二联苯(0.082g,0.2mmol),升温至回流,反应16小时,停反应,降温,分液,50mL去离子水洗1次,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为正己烷:二氯甲烷=5:1(V/V),得到目标物C25粗品,使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯,升华温度340℃,得到1.1g目标物C25,收率70.5%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C41H30,理论值522.2348,测试值522.2341。元素分析(C41H30),理论值C:94.21,H:5.79,实测值C:94.23,H:5.77。
实施例14 化合物C27的制备
以化合物11和9-菲硼酸为原料,按照实施例13所述方法,合成化合物C27,收率59.8%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C49H34,理论值622.2667,测试值622.2662。元素分析(C49H34),理论值C:94.50,H:5.50,实测值C:94.52,H:5.48。
实施例15 化合物C28的制备
中间体化合物12的制备:在250mL三口瓶中,加入化合物2(3.86g,8mmol),1-萘硼酸(1.72g,10mmol),K2CO3(1.66g,12mmol),甲苯(80mL),去离子水(30mL),N2保护,加入Pd(PPh3)4(88mg),升温至回流,反应16小时,停反应,降温,分液,50mL去离子水洗1次,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为正己烷:二氯甲烷=8:1(V/V),得到化合物12,重量3.6g,收率84.7%,MS(m/s):530.2。
化合物C28的制备:在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物12(1.59g,3mmol),苯硼酸(0.5g,4.1mmol),K2CO3(0.7g,5mmol),甲苯(32mL),去离子水(10mL),N2保护,加入醋酸钯(0.022g,0.1mmol),膦配体2-双环己基膦-2’,6’-二甲氧基-1,1’-二联苯(0.082g,0.2mmol),升温至回流,反应16小时,停反应,降温,分液,50mL去离子水洗1次,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为正己烷:二氯甲烷=5:1(V/V),得到目标物C28粗品,使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯,升华温度345℃,得到1.2g目标物C28,收率69.8%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C45H32,理论值572.2504,测试值572.2509。元素分析(C45H32),理论值C:94.37,H:5.63,实测值C:94.36,H:5.64。
实施例16 化合物C30的制备
以化合物12和2-萘硼酸为原料,按照实施例15所述方法,合成化合物C30,收率71.1%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C49H34,理论值622.2661,测试值622.2667。元素分析(C49H34),理论值C:94.50,H:5.50,实测值C:94.51,H:5.49。
实施例17 化合物C31的制备
在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物11(1.59g,3mmol),3-(3-吡啶)-苯硼酸(0.8g,4mmol),K2CO3(0.7g,5mmol),甲苯(32mL),去离子水(10mL),N2保护,加入醋酸钯(0.022g,0.1mmol),膦配体2-双环己基膦-2’,6’-二甲氧基-1,1’-二联苯(0.082g,0.2mmol),升温至回流,反应16小时,停反应,降温,分液,50mL去离子水洗1次,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为正己烷:二氯甲烷=5:1(V/V),得到目标物C31粗品,使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯,升华温度365℃,得到1.3g目标物C31,收率72.2%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C46H33N,理论值599.2613,测试值599.2617。元素分析(C46H33N),理论值C:92.12,H:5.55,N:2.34,实测值C:92.14,H:5.54,N:2.32。
实施例18 化合物C33的制备
以化合物11和4-(1-苯基苯并咪唑-2-)苯硼酸为原料,按照实施例17所述方法,合成化合物C33,收率63.9%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C54H38N2,理论值714.3035,测试值714.3038。元素分析(C54H38N2),理论值C:90.72,H:5.36,N:3.92,实测值C:90.71,H:5.38,N:3.91。
实施例19 化合物C35的制备
中间体化合物13的制备:在250mL三口瓶中,加入化合物2(5.8g,12mmol),二苯胺(2.03g,16mmol),叔丁醇钠(2.2g,22mmol),邻二甲苯(120mL),N2保护,加入醋酸钯(0.018g,0.08mmol),三叔丁基膦(0.032g,0.16mmol),升温至回流,反应16小时,停反应,降温,分液,50mL去离子水洗1次,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为正己烷:二氯甲烷=5:1(V/V),得到化合物13,重量5.5g,收率77.3%,MS(m/s):571.2。
化合物C35的制备:在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物13(1.71g,3mmol),3,5-二(4-吡啶)苯硼酸(1.1g,4mmol),K2CO3(0.7g,5mmol),甲苯(32mL),去离子水(10mL),N2保护,加入醋酸钯(0.022g,0.1mmol),膦配体2-双环己基膦-2’,6’-二甲氧基-1,1’-二联苯(0.082g,0.2mmol),升温至回流,反应16小时,停反应,降温,分液,50mL去离子水洗1次,收集有机相,脱去溶剂,所得粗品使用硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂为正己烷:二氯甲烷=5:1(V/V),得到目标物C35粗品,使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯,升华温度385℃,得到1.7g目标物C35,收率73.9%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C57H41N3,理论值767.3300,测试值767.3309。元素分析(C57H41N3),理论值C:89.15,H:5.38,N:5.47,实测值C:89.17,H:5.37,N:5.46。
实施例20 化合物C37的制备
以化合物13和4-(2,6-二苯基嘧啶)苯硼酸为原料,按照实施例19所述方法,合成化合物C37,收率70.2%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C63H45N3,理论值843.3613,测试值843.3618。元素分析(C63H45N3),理论值C:89.65,H:5.37,N:4.98,实测值C:89.68,H:5.36,N:4.96。
实施例21 化合物C39的制备
以化合物13和4-(1-苯基苯并咪唑-2-)苯硼酸为原料,按照实施例19所述方法,合成化合物C39,收率72.2%。
高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式,分子式C60H43N3,理论值805.3457,测试值805.3451。元素分析(C60H43N3),理论值C:89.41,H:5.38,N:5.21,实测值C:89.44,H:5.36,N:5.20。
有机电致发光器件实施例:
选取化合物C01、化合物C05、化合物C12、化合物C21、化合物C25、化合物C30作为发光层材料,制作第一组有机电致发光器件,器件结构如附图1所示,应当理解,器件实施过程与结果,只是为了更好地解释本发明,并非对本发明的限制。
实施例22 化合物C01在有机电致发光器件中的应用
本实施例按照下述方法制备有机电致发光器件一:
a)清洗ITO(氧化铟锡)玻璃:分别用去离子水、丙酮、乙醇超声清洗ITO玻璃各30分钟,然后在等离子体清洗器中处理5分钟;
b)在阳极ITO玻璃上真空蒸镀空穴传输层NPB,厚度为50nm;
c)在空穴传输层NPB之上,真空蒸镀发光层化合物C01,厚度为30nm;
d)在发光层之上,真空蒸镀作为电子传输层的TPBI,厚度为30nm;
e)在电子传输层之上,真空蒸镀电子注入层LiF,厚度为1nm;
f)在电子注入层之上,真空蒸镀阴极Al,厚度为100nm。
器件一的结构为ITO/NPB(50nm)/化合物C01(30nm)/TPBI(30nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm),真空蒸镀过程中,压力<1.0X10-3Pa,器件一的启亮电压、最大电流效率、色纯度等光电数据列于表1中。
实施例23-实施例27化合物C05-化合物C30在有机电致发光器件中的应用
分别以化合物C05、化合物C12、化合物C21、化合物C25、化合物C30代替化合物C01,按照实施例22所述方法,制作有机电致发光器件二至器件六,器件二至器件六的结构,分别为ITO/NPB(50nm)/化合物C05-化合物C30中的一种(30nm)/TPBI(30nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm),器件一至器件六的启亮电压、最大电流效率、色纯度等光电数据如下表1所示。
表1 器件一至器件六光电数据表
选取化合物C24、化合物C31、化合物C33、化合物C35、化合物C37作为发光层材料,并同时作为电子传输层材料,制作第二组有机电致发光器件,器件结构如附图2所示,应当理解,器件实施过程与结果,只是为了更好地解释本发明,并非对本发明的限制。
实施例28 化合物C24在有机电致发光器件中的应用
本实施例按照下述方法制备有机电致发光器件七:
a)清洗ITO(氧化铟锡)玻璃:分别用去离子水、丙酮、乙醇超声清洗ITO玻璃各30分钟,然后在等离子体清洗器中处理5分钟;
b)在阳极ITO玻璃上真空蒸镀空穴传输层NPB,厚度为50nm;
c)在空穴传输层NPB之上,真空蒸镀同时作为发光层和电子传输层的化合物C24,厚度为60nm;
d)在电子传输层之上,真空蒸镀电子注入层LiF,厚度为1nm;
e)在电子注入层之上,真空蒸镀阴极Al,厚度为100nm。
器件七的结构为ITO/NPB(50nm)/化合物C24(60nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm),真空蒸镀过程中,压力<1.0X10-3Pa,器件七的启亮电压、最大电流效率、色纯度等光电数据列于表2中。
实施例29-实施例32化合物C31-化合物C37在有机电致发光器件中的应用
分别以化合物C31、化合物C33、化合物C35、化合物C37代替化合物C24,按照实施例28所述方法,制作有机电致发光器件八至器件十一,器件八至器件十一的结构,分别为ITO/NPB(50nm)/化合物C31-化合物C37(60nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm),器件七至器件十一的启亮电压、最大电流效率、色纯度等光电数据如下表2所示。
表2 器件七至器件十一光电数据表
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并不是对本发明的限制。本发明旨在提供一种新型有机电致发光材料,以本发明所提供的材料制作的OLED器件,器件性能有进一步提升的空间,如使用其它材料代替NPB作为空穴传输层,使用掺杂的方式制作发光层等,类似改进都应该被理解为,属于本发明的保护范畴。

Claims (6)

1.一种有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,该有机电致发光材料为以芴并菲为中心结构的小分子,具有符合式(Ⅰ)所示的分子结构:
其中,R1为含有两个芳香族取代基的胺基或芳香族取代基团,R2为甲基或芳香族取代基团,该类材料可以作为有机电致发光器件的功能层,应用在有机电致发光领域中。
2.根据权利要求1有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,所述的R1为二苯胺基、苯基-1-萘胺基、苯基-2-萘胺基、苯基联苯胺基、苯基芴胺基、二苯并呋喃基苯胺基、苯基三联苯胺基、二联苯胺基、联苯基芴胺基、苯基、萘基、荧蒽基、芴基、菲基、蒽基、芘基、N-取代咔唑基、吡啶基、吡啶基苯基、苯并咪唑基中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,所述的R2为甲基、苯基、萘基、菲基、吡啶基、吡啶基苯基、苯并咪唑基、苯并咪唑基苯基、嘧啶基、嘧啶基苯基中的一种。
4.一种如权利要求1至3任一项所述有机电致发光材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)合成中间体,所述中间体为如下两种结构中的一种:
(2)以中间体为原料,与不同种类的硼酸或仲胺类化合物进行交叉偶联反应,制备所述有机电致发光材料。
5.一种如权利要求1至3任一项所述有机电致发光材料的应用,其特征在于,所述有机电致发光材料作为有机电致发光器件的功能层,应用在有机电致发光领域中。
6.一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,至少有一个功能层含有如权利要求1至3任一项所述有机电致发光材料。
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