CN105435806A - 一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂及其制备和应用 - Google Patents
一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂及其制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105435806A CN105435806A CN201510937853.2A CN201510937853A CN105435806A CN 105435806 A CN105435806 A CN 105435806A CN 201510937853 A CN201510937853 A CN 201510937853A CN 105435806 A CN105435806 A CN 105435806A
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- deoxidation
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical group F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical group [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical group [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- VLXBWPOEOIIREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl diselenide Natural products C[Se][Se]C VLXBWPOEOIIREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HIYNGBUQYVBFLA-UHFFFAOYSA-D cobalt(2+);dicarbonate;hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Co+2].[Co+2].[Co+2].[Co+2].[Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O HIYNGBUQYVBFLA-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims description 2
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000001 cobalt(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical group [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 3
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- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
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- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
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- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂及其制备和应用,属于气体净化技术领域。所述催化剂以氧化物计,包括以下质量份的组分:活性组分1份~50份,活性助剂0.1份~20份,载体30份~89.1份。本发明还涉及所述催化剂的三种制备方法。本发明催化剂具备脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双重功能,可用于含硫、含CO和H2的工业煤制水煤气、半水煤气、焦炉煤气、电石炉气等原料气净化过程。本发明催化剂能同时实现脱氧和有机硫加氢转化的目的,缩短工艺流程,简化流程,降低能耗和节约成本。本发明催化剂制备方法简单,可操作性强,制备条件要求低。本发明催化剂脱氧率高,有机硫加氢转化率高,脱氧后所得产品氧体积含量低于100ppm,有机硫转化率大于95%。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于气体净化领域,具体涉及一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂及其制备和应用。
背景技术
众多工业废气如焦炉气、电石炉气、黄磷尾气、煤制气、炼厂气等工业气体等中均含有一定量的硫化物,硫组份通常包括:H2S、COS、CS2、硫醇、硫醚、噻吩(C4H4S)等,而上述气体因其生产过程中密闭性不足,通常含有一定量的氧气。以焦炉气为例,焦炉煤气典型组成(v/v,%)为:CH423~26%、高烃2~4%、N23~7%、CO21.5~3%、CO5~8%、H255~60、O20.3~0.8%;杂质部分,H2S400~800mg/Nm3、有机硫150~mg/Nm3[主要有COS(占有机硫的~37%)、CS2(~50%)、RSH(~2%)、C4H4S(~11%)等],焦油+粉尘(50~100mg/Nm3)、萘(50~200mg/Nm3)、苯(3000~6000mg/Nm3)、氨(50~100mg/Nm3)等。我国是世界上第一大焦炭生产国,2014年焦炭产量4.77亿吨,副产近2000亿Nm3焦炉煤气,要利用焦炉气均需进行净化处理。
原料气体中硫化物的主要危害有(1)毒害催化剂,使催化剂中毒、失活;(2)腐蚀设备;(3)污染溶液和环境;(4)降低产品质量。在提纯有用组分时均需将硫脱至低水平(通常低于0.1ppm),净化后的气体可用于制造甲醇、合成氨、提取氢气、甲烷化、羰基合成等几个关键催化剂的长寿命的运转。部分工业尾气中含有一定的氧,如焦炉气、电石炉气、炼厂气等,氧含量通常在0.3-2%之间,氧的存在会破坏加氢催化剂的活性,致使其硫酸盐化,而硫的存在又使得传统的脱氧催化剂容易中毒。
目前工业上各种含硫、含CO的水煤气、半水煤气、焦炉煤气、电石炉气等气体净化过程中,流程上分设有脱氧工序和多级加氢及精脱硫工序,净化流程很长,处理成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种在一个反应器内即可实现脱氧与有机硫加氢转化,缩短工艺流程,简化操作程序,降低能耗及节约生产成本的一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂及其制备方法和应用。本发明通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂,以氧化物计,所述催化剂包括以下质量份的组分:活性组分1份~50份,活性助剂0.1份~20份,载体30份~89.1份。
作为本发明的一种优选,所述活性组分为Mo、Fe、Co、Ni中的至少两种,所述活性助剂为磷化物、氟化物中的一种或两种,所述载体为经Zr或Ti改性的Al2O3载体。
作为本发明的一种优选,所述载体以氧化物计,ZrO2或TiO2的质量份数为5份~50份。
作为本发明的一种优选,所述活性组分Mo为钼酸铵或三氧化钼;Fe为硝酸铁、氯化铁或三氧化二铁;Co为硝酸钴、乙酸钴或碱式碳酸钴;Ni为硝酸镍、乙酸镍或碱式碳酸镍;所述活性助剂磷化物为磷酸或磷酸氢铵;氟化物为氢氟酸或氟化钠;所述载体Zr为硝酸锆或四氯化锆;Ti为四氯化钛或钛酸丁酯。
本发明载体经锆或钛改性后,调整了氧化铝的酸碱性,经改性后的载体可提高活性组分和助剂的分散,增强金属间的相互作用,并提高氢气与氧气反应的选择性;活性助剂磷或氟可提高催化剂的加氢转化活性,降低反应温度;载体的改性、活性助剂的添加以及与活性组分的协同效应,可实现本发明催化剂的脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双重功能。
本发明还提供一种所述脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将锆盐或钛盐与氧化铝粉末或拟薄水铝石混合,在碾钵或球磨机中充分碾磨2-8小时后,300℃~600℃下在焙烧4-24小时,使其单层分散,即制得ZrO2-Al2O3或TiO2-Al2O3载体;
2)将活性组分和活性助剂溶于水中,制成混合液;
3)将步骤1)制备的载体与步骤2)的混合溶液混合,充分捏合,压片或挤条成型,于100~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,制得脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂。
本发明还提供另一种所述脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将锆盐或钛盐溶于水中,再将氧化铝小球浸入所配制的锆盐或钛盐溶液,常温下浸渍4~8小时,于100℃~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300℃~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,即制得ZrO2-Al2O3或TiO2-Al2O3载体;
2)将活性组分和活性助剂溶于水中,制成混合浸渍液;
3)将步骤1)制备的载体浸入步骤2)的混合浸渍液中,常温浸渍4~8小时,于100℃~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300℃~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,制得脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂。
本发明还提供另一种所述脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将活性组分、活性助剂、锆盐或钛盐溶于水中制成混合液,与硝酸铝或三氯化铝溶液相互滴定,再用氨水调节PH值至完全沉淀,过滤,于100℃~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300℃~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,即制得催化剂前躯体;
2)向步骤1)制备的催化剂前躯体中加入成型助剂,压片或挤条成型,所述成型助剂选自石墨、高铝水泥或高岭土。于100℃~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300℃~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,制得脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂。
本发明还涉及所述脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的应用,所述催化剂应用于含CO、H2、O2、有机硫的工业尾气的净化处理,如焦炉气、电石炉气、黄磷尾气、水煤气、半水煤气、炼厂气等气体净化。
作为本发明的一种优选,所述催化剂在使用前均需进行硫化处理,硫化处理采用的硫化剂为硫化氢或二甲基二硫中的一种。硫化方法采用工业上常用的加氢脱硫催化剂硫化方法即可,这对本行业的技术人员而言是显而易见的。
作为本发明的一种优选,所述脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂应用于气体中氧的脱除和有机硫的加氢转化,脱氧后所得产品氧体积含量低于100ppm,有机硫转化率大于95%。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供一种具有脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双重功能的催化剂及其制备方法和应用。采用本发明催化剂可以在一个反应器内同时实现脱氧和有机硫加氢转化的目的,缩短工艺流程,简化操作流程,达到降低能耗和节约成本的目的。同时,本发明催化剂制备方法简单,可操作性强,制备条件要求低。本发明催化剂脱氧率高,有机硫加氢转化率高,将本发明催化剂应用于气体中氧的脱除和有机硫的加氢转化,脱氧后所得产品氧体积含量低于100ppm,有机硫转化率大于95%。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1:
本实施例催化剂包括以下质量份数的组分:
活性组分1份,活性助剂20份,载体79份,其中活性组分为钼和镍,活性助剂为磷,载体中ZrO2的质量份数为5份,将本实施例催化剂编号为D-01。
本实施例催化剂的制备方法如下:
1)将13.8gZr(NO3)4·5H2O与74.5g氧化铝粉末混合,在碾钵中充分碾磨2小时后,300℃下在焙烧24小时,即制得ZrO2-Al2O3载体;
2)将0.6g(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O、1.9gNi(NO3)2.6H2O和37.2g(NH4)2HPO4溶于100g水中,制成混合液;
3)将步骤1)制备的载体与步骤2)的混合溶液混合,充分捏合,压成直径2mm的片状,于120℃下干燥2小时,300℃下焙烧6小时,制得本发明所述脱氧与加氢转化双功能催化剂。
实施例2
本实施例催化剂包括以下质量份数的组分:
活性组分50份,活性助剂0.1份,载体49.9份,其中活性组分为钼、镍、铁和钴,活性助剂为氟,载体中TiO2的质量份数为50份,将本实施例催化剂编号为D-02。
本实施例催化剂的制备方法如下:
1)将58.2gTiCl与40g拟薄水铝石粉末混合,在球磨机中充分碾磨8小时后,600℃下在焙烧4小时,即制得TiO2-Al2O3载体;
2)将1gMoO3、1gFe2O3、95.1gCo(NO3)2.6H2O、81gNi(CH3COO)2·4H2O和0.2gNaF溶于100g水中,制成混合溶液;
3)将步骤1)制备的载体与步骤2)的混合溶液混合,充分捏合,挤成直径2mm的条状,于100℃下干燥4小时,500℃下焙烧3小时,制得本发明所述脱氧与加氢转化双功能催化剂。
实施例3
本实施例催化剂包括以下质量份数的组分:
活性组分30份,活性助剂1份,载体69份,其中活性组分为钼、镍和铁,活性助剂为磷和氟,载体中ZrO2的质量份数为30份,将本实施例催化剂编号为D-03。
本实施例催化剂的制备方法如下:
1)将39.2gZrCl4溶于100g水中,再将48.3g氧化铝小球浸入所配制的锆盐溶液,常温下浸渍4小时,于120℃下干燥2小时,300℃下焙烧6小时,即制得ZrO2-Al2O3载体;
2)将24.5g(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O、8.4gNiCO3·2Ni(OH)2·4H2O、25.3gFe(NO3)3.9H2O和1.4gH3PO4溶于100g水中,制成混合浸渍液;
3)将步骤1)制备的载体浸入步骤2)的混合浸渍液中,常温浸渍4小时,于120℃下干燥4小时,300℃下焙烧6小时,制得本发明所述脱氧与加氢转化双功能催化剂。
实施例4
本实施例催化剂包括以下质量份数的组分:
活性组分5份,活性助剂10份,载体85份,其中活性组分为钼、镍和钴,活性助剂为氟,载体中TiO2的质量份数为10份,将本实施例催化剂编号为D-04。
本实施例催化剂的制备方法如下:
1)将36.1gC16H36O4Ti溶于100g水中,再将76.5g氧化铝小球浸入所配制的钛盐溶液,常温下浸渍8小时,于100℃下干燥4小时,600℃下焙烧3小时,即制得TiO2-Al2O3载体;
2)将3gMoO3、3.9gNi(NO3)2.6H2O、3.3gCo(CH3COO)2·4H2O和10.4g氢氟酸溶于100g水中,制成混合浸渍液;
3)将步骤1)制备的载体浸入步骤2)的混合浸渍液中,常温浸渍8小时,于120℃下干燥2小时,500℃下焙烧3小时,制得本发明所述脱氧与加氢转化双功能催化剂。
实施例5
本实施例催化剂包括以下质量份数的组分:
活性组分20份,活性助剂5份,载体75份,其中活性组分为钼和铁,活性助剂为氟和磷,载体中ZrO2的质量份数为20份,将本实施例催化剂编号为D-05。
本实施例催化剂的制备方法如下:
1)将12.3g(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O、33.7gFeCl3·6H2O、28.4gZrCl4、5.6g(NH4)2HPO4和4.4gNaF溶于100g水中,与含404gAl(NO3)3·9H2O的水溶液相互滴定,用氨水调节PH值至中性,过滤,于100℃下干燥4小时,300℃下焙烧6小时,即制得催化剂前躯体;
2)向步骤1)制备的催化剂前躯体中加入石墨和高铝水泥,压片成型,于120℃下干燥2小时,500℃下焙烧3小时,制得本发明所述脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂。
实施例6
本实施例催化剂包括以下质量份数的组分:
活性组分30份,活性助剂15份,载体55份,其中活性组分为钴和铁,活性助剂为磷,载体中TiO2的质量份数为40份,将本实施例催化剂编号为D-06。
本实施例催化剂的制备方法如下:
1)将28.5g2CoCO3·3Co(OH)2·H2O、50.5gFe(NO3)3.9H2O、93.5gC16H36O4Ti、20.7gH3PO4溶于100g水中,与含86.7gAlCl3溶液相互滴定,用氨水调节PH值至中性,过滤,于120℃下干燥2小时,500℃下焙烧3小时,即制得催化剂前躯体;
2)向步骤1)制备的催化剂前躯体中加入石墨和高岭土,挤条成型,于100℃下干燥4小时,300℃下焙烧6小时,制得本发明所述脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂。
实施例7
为了验证本发明催化剂具有脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能,且能实现脱氧后所得产品氧体积含量低于100ppm,有机硫转化率大于95%,对本发明实施例1-6制备的催化剂进行性能测试,测试其脱氧与有机硫加氢转化的效果。
实施例1-6制备的催化剂在进行测试使用前均需要硫化处理,硫化温度为250-350℃,采用氢气携带硫化氢或二甲基二硫进行,当床层出口总硫含量与进口相等时,硫化完全,即可进行脱氧与加氢转化反应。
将实施例1-6制备的催化剂用于含CO、H2、O2和有机硫的工业气体(如电石炉气、黄磷尾气、焦炉气、水煤气、半水煤气、炼厂气)净化处理,在反应时,向原料中配入0.3-2%的氧气,气体空速1000-5000h-1,反应压力常压-5.0MPa,反应温度150-350℃。实施例1-6催化剂活性测试具体条件及结果见下表1所示:
表1实施例1-6催化剂测试条件及结果
从上表1可以看出,本发明实施例1-6的催化剂能够很好的进行脱氧及有机硫加氢转化反应,经过脱除的产品中氧的含量最低能达到15ppm,产品中有机硫加氢转化率均大于95%,有的甚至能达到99.6%。说明本发明催化剂具有很好的脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双重功能,且能达到很好的脱氧与有机硫加氢转化效果。
附:工业尾气典型组成
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂,其特征在于,以氧化物计,所述催化剂包括以下质量份的组分:活性组分1份~50份,活性助剂0.1份~20份,载体30份~89.1份。
2.如权利要求1所述一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂,其特征在于,所述活性组分为Mo、Fe、Co、Ni中的至少两种,所述活性助剂为磷化物、氟化物中的一种或两种,所述载体为经Zr或Ti改性的Al2O3载体。
3.如权利要求1所述一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂,其特征在于,所述载体以氧化物计,ZrO2或TiO2的质量份数为5份~50份。
4.如权利要求1所述一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂,其特征在于,所述活性组分Mo为钼酸铵或三氧化钼;Fe为硝酸铁、氯化铁或三氧化二铁;Co为硝酸钴、乙酸钴或碱式碳酸钴;Ni为硝酸镍、乙酸镍或碱式碳酸镍;所述活性助剂磷化物为磷酸或磷酸氢铵;氟化物为氢氟酸或氟化钠;所述载体Zr为硝酸锆或四氯化锆;Ti为四氯化钛或钛酸丁酯。
5.如权利要求1至4任一项所述一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将锆盐或钛盐与氧化铝粉末或拟薄水铝石混合,在碾钵或球磨机中充分碾磨2-8小时后,300℃~600℃下在焙烧4-24小时,使其单层分散,即制得ZrO2-Al2O3或TiO2-Al2O3载体;
2)将活性组分和活性助剂溶于水中,制成混合液;
3)将步骤1)制备的载体与步骤2)的混合溶液混合,充分捏合,压片或挤条成型,于100~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,制得脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂。
6.如权利要求1至4任一项所述一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将锆盐或钛盐溶于水中,再将氧化铝小球浸入所配制的锆盐或钛盐溶液,常温下浸渍4~8小时,于100℃~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300℃~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,即制得ZrO2-Al2O3或TiO2-Al2O3载体;
2)将活性组分和活性助剂溶于水中,制成混合浸渍液;
3)将步骤1)制备的载体浸入步骤2)的混合浸渍液中,常温浸渍4~8小时,于100℃~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300℃~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,制得脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂。
7.如权利要求1至4任一项所述一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将活性组分、活性助剂、锆盐或钛盐溶于水中制成混合液,与硝酸铝或三氯化铝溶液相互滴定,再用氨水调节PH值至完全沉淀,过滤,于100℃~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300℃~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,即制得催化剂前躯体;
2)向步骤1)制备的催化剂前躯体中加入成型助剂,压片或挤条成型,所述成型助剂选自石墨、高铝水泥或高岭土,于100℃~120℃下干燥2~4小时,300℃~500℃下焙烧3~6小时,制得脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂。
8.如权利要求1所述一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的应用,其特征在于,所述催化剂应用于含CO、H2、O2、有机硫的焦炉气、电石炉气、黄磷尾气、水煤气、半水煤气、炼厂气的净化处理。
9.如权利要求1所述一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的应用,其特征在于,所述催化剂在使用前均需进行硫化处理,硫化处理采用的硫化剂为硫化氢或二甲基二硫中的一种。
10.如权利要求1所述一种脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂的应用,其特征在于,所述脱氧与有机硫加氢转化双功能催化剂应用于气体中氧的脱除和有机硫的加氢转化,脱氧后所得产品氧体积含量低于100ppm,有机硫转化率大于95%。
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