CN105434310B - Application of periplaneta americana active ingredient extract in preparation of cosmetics - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/98—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/02—Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application of an active ingredient extract of periplaneta americana in preparing cosmetics. The periplaneta americana active ingredient extract is prepared by the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of cleaning, drying, crushing and other pretreatment of the Meizhou cockroach, and then carrying out extraction, reduced pressure concentration, water layer separation, ethyl acetate degreasing, unpleasant odor removal, activated carbon adsorption and sensitization and pyrogen removal and other steps to obtain effective part filtrate containing 0.5-1.5 g of crude drugs per ml of active ingredients such as polypeptide, amino acid and the like. The effective part of the active ingredient extract of the periplaneta americana has natural health care functions of resisting inflammation, reducing swelling, promoting skin healing, improving microcirculation, whitening and the like, can be prepared into a water agent, a hydrogel, an emulsifying system and a surfactant system, and is used as a beauty and skin care product with the effects of removing scars, whitening, resisting wrinkles, fading spots, moisturizing and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cosmetics, and particularly relates to an application of an active ingredient extract of periplaneta americana in preparation of cosmetics.
Background
Periplaneta americana is an insect belonging to the genus Periplaneta (Periplaneta Linn.) of the family Periplaneta of the order Periplaneta of the class Insecta, the class Pteridoptera. The cockroach is the common name of the cockroach, which is firstly seen in the compendium of materia Medica, and is also called as Shijiang and cunworm; there are different names in different places, such as: herb of common speedwell, herb of common manyflower tickclover, etc. The cockroach is originally introduced in Shen nong Ben Cao Jing, which is classified as a Chinese product, called flavor: salty and cold; treating: blood stasis syndrome, hard cold and heat, accumulation, laryngopharyngeal obstruction, and cold syndrome. Cockroaches, which have survived for 3.2 million years on earth, are organisms that occur in the same era as dinosaurs; it is one of the most vital, oldest and successful insect groups in the world. Cockroaches inhabit kitchens, canteens, warehouses and the like as indoor pests, damage food, clothes, books and the like, eat and pollute food of people, and spread various diseases such as dysentery, typhoid fever, ascaris, pinworm and the like. The cockroach as pest is one of the key prevention and control objects of the urban health epidemic prevention department and the customs quarantine department. However, in the modern day with the technology changing day by day, the insect population still has activity in the face of thousands of various killing agents for the insect, which indicates that the insect must have some special substances and specific action mechanisms in the body, and the phenomenon has attracted the attention of some scholars at home and abroad.
In recent years, with the attention of China on the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine resources, some scholars research the application and development of pests which cannot be eradicated for thousands of years and get favorable achievements. At present, various medical applications are researched and developed from cockroaches: the main patents are as follows: the national invention patent application with application number 01105504.9 discloses cockroach extracts extracted from cockroaches and extraction methods thereof, which can be used for anticancer; the national invention patent application with the application number of 201210446593.5 discloses a production method for preparing a medicament for treating peptic ulcer by using an American cockroach extract; the national invention patent application with the application number of 201210137422.4 discloses a preparation method of a cockroach polypeptide substance and the medical application of the cockroach polypeptide substance in resisting herpes viruses; the national invention patent application with the application number of 201210137410.1 discloses the preparation of cockroach polypeptide and the medical application of the cockroach polypeptide in resisting gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria; the national invention patent application with the application number of 201110407822.8 discloses a periplaneta americana gel external-use drug composition, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in preparing external-use drugs for treating scalds; the national invention patent application with the application number of CN03117804.9 discloses an extraction process of a periplaneta americana medicinal extract; the national invention patent application with the application number of CN95110773.9 discloses a medicine for treating female genital tract diseases, and the application thereof, and the like. However, the research and development of cockroaches on cosmetics are rare.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method of the periplaneta americana active component extract.
The invention also aims to provide the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract obtained by the preparation method.
The invention further aims to provide application of the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of an active ingredient extract of periplaneta americana comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an extraction concentrated solution: pulverizing dried Periplaneta americana, adding ethanol solution or water into Periplaneta americana powder, and concentrating the obtained extract solution to obtain extract concentrate;
(2) separation of the crude extract of the effective part: adding water into the extracted concentrated solution obtained in the step (1), cooling, refrigerating and standing until layering, performing oil-water separation, and taking a water layer to obtain a crude extract of the effective parts of the periplaneta americana;
(3) refining the effective part: adding an organic solvent into the coarse extract of the effective parts of the periplaneta americana for extraction and degreasing, and taking a water layer; removing the residual organic solvent in the water layer, adding activated carbon, heating to slightly boil, cooling to 55-65 ℃, preserving heat, cooling, performing suction filtration, and taking the filtrate to obtain the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract.
The drying mode in the step (1) is preferably natural air drying.
The size of the crushing in the step (1) is preferably 5-10 meshes of sieve.
The concentration of the ethanol solution in the step (1) is 0-80% by volume, and the end value is not 0; preferably 50-70% by volume; more preferably 55-65% by volume; most preferably 60% by volume.
The extraction mode in the step (1) is preferably reflux extraction or ultrasonic extraction.
The reflux extraction frequency is preferably 2-3 times.
The temperature of the reflux extraction is preferably 70-100 ℃; more preferably 70 to 90 ℃.
The reflux extraction step is preferably as follows: reflux extraction for 3 times: adding an ethanol solution into the periplaneta americana powder for the first time, wherein the addition amount of the ethanol solution is calculated according to the proportion of 1g of the periplaneta americana powder to 12mL of the ethanol solution, soaking for 1 hour, heating to boil, keeping slight boiling for 2 hours, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; adding ethanol solution into the solid obtained by separation for the second time, wherein the adding amount of the ethanol solution is calculated according to the proportion of 1g of periplaneta americana powder to 10mL of the ethanol solution, heating to boiling, keeping micro-boiling for 1.5 hours, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; thirdly, adding ethanol solution into the solid obtained by separation, wherein the adding amount of the ethanol solution is calculated according to the proportion of 1g of periplaneta americana powder to 10mL of the ethanol solution, heating to boil, keeping slight boiling for 1.5 hours, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; and combining the liquid obtained after the three times of reflux extraction to obtain an extraction solution.
The number of times of ultrasonic extraction is preferably 2-3.
The ultrasonic extraction conditions are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 100-500W, and the time is 60-120 minutes.
The ultrasound extraction step is preferably as follows: reflux extraction for 3 times: adding an ethanol solution into the periplaneta americana powder for the first time, wherein the addition amount of the ethanol solution is calculated according to the proportion of 1g of the periplaneta americana powder to 12mL of the ethanol solution, soaking for 1 hour, then performing ultrasonic extraction for 2 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation; adding ethanol solution into the solid obtained by separation for the second time, wherein the adding amount of the ethanol solution is calculated according to the proportion of 1g of periplaneta americana powder to 10mL of the ethanol solution, performing ultrasonic extraction for 1.5 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation; thirdly, adding ethanol solution into the solid obtained by separation, wherein the adding amount of the ethanol solution is calculated according to the proportion of 1g of periplaneta americana powder to 10mL of the ethanol solution, carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 1.5 hours, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; and combining the liquid obtained after the three times of reflux extraction to obtain an extraction solution.
The concentration in step (1) is preferably performed under reduced pressure, so that ethanol can be recovered.
The concentration in step (1) is preferably such that the concentration is 0.5 to 1.5g of crude drug per ml of the concentrate.
The water in the step (2) comprises purified water, distilled water and deionized water.
The cooling in steps (2) and (3) is preferably natural cooling to room temperature.
The refrigerating and standing temperature in the step (2) is preferably 5-15 ℃.
The time for the refrigerated storage and standing in the step (2) is preferably 12 hours or more.
The organic solvent in the step (3) is preferably one or two of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether.
The volume of the organic solvent used for one time is preferably 0.2-1 time of the volume of the crude extract of the effective part.
The number of times of the extraction degreasing in the step (3) is preferably 1-2.
The operation steps of the extraction degreasing in the step (3) are preferably as follows: adding an organic solvent into the coarse extract of the effective parts of the periplaneta americana, shaking for 1-5 minutes, standing for layering, and separating a water layer.
The step of removing the organic solvent remaining in the aqueous layer described in the step (3) is preferably: heating the water layer to 60-65 ℃ and preserving the heat for 30-60 min.
The dosage of the activated carbon in the step (3) is preferably as follows: the effective part crude extract is 1 g: calculating by 42-58 ml.
The heat preservation time in the step (3) is preferably 10-15 minutes.
The concentration of the filtrate in the step (3) is preferably adjusted to 0.5 to 1.5g crude drug/ml.
The micro-boiling degree in the invention is 70-90 ℃, and bubbles are blown up at the time, so that the micro-boiling state is achieved.
The room temperature in the invention refers to indoor temperature, and is generally 20-30 ℃.
An active component extract of Periplaneta americana is prepared by the preparation method.
The periplaneta americana active component extract has excellent effects of beautifying and beautifying skin, particularly can effectively stimulate the synthesis of dermal collagen and the migration of dermal fibroblasts, inhibit the activity of tyrosinase in vitro, inhibit the autooxidation and deepening of dopa, and reduce or lighten melanin contained in B16 melanocytes in the aspects of eliminating scars, skin aging and whitening skin. Meanwhile, the composition can resist the invasion of free radicals to skin cells; promoting the proliferation of human fibroblasts and delaying the skin aging; can effectively inhibit the activity of hyaluronidase to achieve the effects of resisting inflammation and synergistically moisturizing.
Therefore, the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract is particularly suitable for preparing cosmetics.
The cosmetic is in the form of aqua, hydrogel, foamed gel, cataplasma, membrane, liniment, ointment, emulsifying system and surfactant system. The emulsifying system and the surfactant system can be in the form of facial cleanser, bath lotion, cosmetic water, skin care gel, skin care emulsion, skin care cream, essence, eye cream, aerosol or spray. These forms can be prepared by methods well known to those skilled in the art.
A cosmetic with skin caring and anti-inflammatory effects contains Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract.
The cosmetic with cosmetic effect also contains allowable medicinal excipient or carrier.
The approved pharmaceutical excipients or carriers may be selected from: solvents, solubilizers, preservatives, antioxidants, pH regulators, penetration enhancers, liposomes, humectants, thickeners, chelating agents, skin feel modifiers, surfactants, emulsifiers, propellants/propellants, fragrances, pigments, and other performance additives.
The beautifying is the beautifying and skin beautifying effects caused by repairing damaged skin, removing wrinkles, inhibiting tyrosinase, inhibiting melanocyte proliferation and resisting oxidation.
The beautifying and skin-beautifying effects are that after skin injury, the injured part is quickly regenerated and repaired, the skin epidermis is quickly grown, and scars and wrinkles are eliminated or reduced; the skin caring effects of inhibiting tyrosinase, inhibiting melanocyte proliferation, and resisting oxidation include whitening skin, improving skin pigmentation, and removing skin mottle.
The anti-inflammatory refers to the disease caused by bacterial and fungal infection.
The skin is an important barrier for human body, which can prevent the loss of water, electrolyte and other nutrient substances in the body and prevent the invasion of harmful substances outside. Of particular note are: skin also directly affects the beauty of a person, and thus it is seen that the health of skin is of vital importance to the human body. Various physicochemical factors (such as radiation, burns, mechanical damage, ultraviolet long-term irradiation, etc.) can cause skin damage. Repairing skin damage, and eliminating or reducing scars and wrinkles are the targets of years of research of the invention. The active ingredient extract of the present invention can stimulate the synthesis of dermal collagen and the migration of dermal fibroblasts, and can be used for improving wrinkles, facial defects and accelerating wound healing. Can be widely applied to the treatment of skin diseases such as atrophic scars of acne, skin aging and the like. It can also remove free radicals in deeper tissue to overcome SOD permeability deficiency, and has skin caring effect.
Various components such as the physiological surface state of the skin, blood flow, moisture, and pigment are intricately combined to determine the skin color of the human body, and the most important of these factors is melanin. The process of melanin formation is: the initial reaction is called the rate control stage of melanin synthesis, and then the dopaquinone is finally formed through a series of oxidative isomerization and polymerization reactions. The site of melanin synthesis is melanosome, and mature melanosome migrates to the surrounding keratinocytes along the tips of dendrites extending from melanocytes, and is taken up by the keratinocytes, so that melanin is transferred from the basal layer of the skin to the stratum corneum, thereby darkening skin color. The keratinocytes in the skin surface follow a certain renewal cycle, generally about 28 days, at which time the melanin is pushed out to the skin surface along with the keratinization of the skin and is discharged from the skin with the exfoliation of the stratum corneum, and the melanin completes the whole process from the production to the metabolism. In the development of whitening cosmetics, various whitening active materials are often added in order to whiten the skin color or improve abnormal pigmentation of the skin. With the growing concern of consumers on their own health and safety in recent years, raw materials derived from natural sources and having excellent effects are preferred over many biochemically synthesized cosmetic efficacy raw materials. The active ingredient extract of the invention can inhibit tyrosinase, inhibit melanocyte proliferation, resist oxidation, and has the effects of whitening skin color or improving skin abnormal pigmentation and lightening skin color spots.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the effective parts of the active ingredients of the periplaneta americana are extracted, the extraction solvent and the extraction method are optimized, the active ingredients such as polypeptide, flavone, amino acid and the like in the periplaneta americana are extracted and retained to the maximum extent, impurities such as protein, grease and the like are removed, and the medicinal effect of the active ingredients of the periplaneta americana is improved.
(2) According to the invention, the American cockroach active ingredient extract obtained by optimizing the extraction process has no unpleasant odor, and is suitable for preparing cosmetics; and the trial of 430 people shows that no allergic people occur.
(3) The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process flow, convenient operation, convenient product quality control and operability, and is a safe and reliable preparation method suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
(1) Preparing an ethanol extraction concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana: collecting Periplaneta americana powder (selected, air dried naturally, pulverized into coarse powder of about 8 meshes) 1000g, adding 60 vol% ethanol water solution 12000ml, soaking at room temperature for 1 hr, heating to slight boiling (about 80 deg.C), maintaining slight boiling, reflux extracting for 2 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; adding 10000ml of 60% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution into the filter residue, heating to slightly boil, keeping slightly boiling, refluxing and extracting for 1.5 hours, and filtering; adding 10000ml of 60% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution into the filter residue, heating to slightly boil, keeping slightly boiling, refluxing and extracting for 1.5 hours, filtering, and removing the filter residue; and combining the filtrates collected for three times to obtain about 30500ml of 60% ethanol extract solution of the periplaneta americana. Concentrating the ethanol extractive solution in a reduced pressure rotary evaporator, recovering ethanol at 65 deg.C under reduced pressure, and concentrating to 1000ml to obtain concentrated ethanol extractive solution of Periplaneta americana.
(2) Separation of the coarse extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana: adding 500ml of purified water into the alcohol extract concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana obtained in the step (1), uniformly stirring, cooling to room temperature, then placing in a refrigerated cabinet at 10 ℃, standing for liquid passing, oil-water layering, and separating a water layer to obtain about 1150ml of crude extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana for later use.
(3) Refining the effective part of the periplaneta americana: taking the crude extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana, putting the crude extract into a liquid separator, adding 300ml of ethyl acetate, shaking for 2 minutes, standing for layering, and separating a water layer; adding 300ml of ethyl acetate into the water layer solution, shaking for 2 minutes, standing for layering, and separating the water layer. Heating the water layer solution in water bath (60 deg.C and maintaining for 1 hr) to volatilize residual ethyl acetate, adding 20g of activated carbon, heating to slightly boil, maintaining at 60 deg.C for 15 min, cooling to room temperature, and vacuum filtering to obtain about 1000ml of filtrate, i.e. refined solution of Periplaneta americana effective component.
Example 2
(1) Preparing an ethanol extraction concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana: collecting 1000g Periplaneta americana powder (selected, air dried naturally, pulverized into coarse powder of about 8 meshes), adding 12000ml ethanol water solution with concentration of 60% by volume, soaking at room temperature for 1 hr, ultrasonic extracting for 2 hr at 200W, filtering, and collecting filtrate; adding 10000ml of 60% (v/v) ethanol water solution into the filter residue, performing ultrasonic extraction for 1.5 hours, and filtering; adding 10000ml of 60% (v/v) ethanol water solution into the filter residue, performing ultrasonic extraction for 1.5 hours, filtering, and removing the filter residue; the filtrates collected in three times are combined to obtain about 30300ml of 60% ethanol extraction solution of the periplaneta americana. Concentrating the ethanol extractive solution in a reduced pressure rotary evaporator, recovering ethanol at 65 deg.C under reduced pressure, and concentrating to 1000ml to obtain concentrated ethanol extractive solution of Periplaneta americana.
(2) Separation of the coarse extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana: adding 500ml of distilled water into the alcohol extraction concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana obtained in the step (1), uniformly stirring, naturally cooling, placing in a refrigerated cabinet at 10 ℃, standing for liquid passing, oil-water layering, and separating a water layer to obtain 1160ml of crude extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana for later use.
(3) Refining the effective part of the periplaneta americana: and (3) taking the crude extract of the effective parts of the periplaneta americana, putting the crude extract into a liquid separator, adding 300ml of ethyl acetate, shaking for 3 minutes, standing for layering, and separating a water layer. Heating the water layer solution in water bath (60 deg.C and maintaining for 1 hr) to volatilize residual ethyl acetate, adding 20g of activated carbon, heating to slightly boil, maintaining at 60 deg.C for 15 min, naturally cooling, standing at room temperature, and vacuum filtering to obtain about 1000ml of filtrate, i.e. refined solution of Periplaneta americana effective component.
Example 3
(1) Preparing an ethanol extraction concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana: collecting Periplaneta americana powder (cleaned, air dried, and pulverized into coarse powder of about 6 meshes) 2000g, adding ethanol water solution with concentration of 60% by volume (24000 ml), soaking at room temperature for 1 hr, heating to slight boiling (about 80 deg.C), maintaining the slight boiling, reflux extracting for 2 hr, filtering, and collecting filtrate; adding 10000ml of 60% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution into the filter residue, heating to slightly boil, keeping slightly boiling, refluxing and extracting for 1.5 hours, and filtering; adding 20000ml of 60% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution into the filter residue, heating to slight boiling, maintaining slight boiling, reflux extracting for 1.5 hr, filtering, and discarding the filter residue; the filtrates collected three times are combined to obtain about 41300ml of 60% ethanol extract solution of Periplaneta americana. Concentrating the ethanol extractive solution in a reduced pressure rotary evaporator, recovering ethanol at 65 deg.C under reduced pressure, and concentrating to about 2000ml to obtain concentrated ethanol extractive solution of Periplaneta americana.
(2) Separation of the coarse extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana: adding 800ml of purified water into the alcohol extract concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana obtained in the step (1), uniformly stirring, naturally cooling, placing in a refrigerated cabinet at 10 ℃, standing for liquid passing, oil-water layering, and separating a water layer to obtain about 2220ml of crude extract of the effective parts of the periplaneta americana for later use.
(3) Refining the effective part of the periplaneta americana: and (3) taking the crude extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana, putting the crude extract into a liquid separator, adding 800ml of ethyl acetate, shaking for 2 minutes, standing for layering, and separating a water layer. Heating the water layer solution in water bath (60 deg.C and maintaining for 1 hr), volatilizing residual ethyl acetate, adding 50g of activated carbon, heating to slightly boil, maintaining at 60 deg.C for 12 min, naturally cooling, and vacuum filtering to obtain about 1000ml of extractive solution, i.e. refined solution of Periplaneta americana effective component.
Example 4
(1) Preparing an ethanol extraction concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana: taking 1500g of Periplaneta americana powder (cleaned, naturally air-dried and crushed into coarse powder of about 8 meshes), adding 18000ml of ethanol aqueous solution with the concentration of 65 percent by volume, soaking for 1 hour at room temperature (about 80 ℃), keeping the temperature of the solution slightly boiling, refluxing and extracting for 2 hours, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use; adding 15000ml of 65% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution into the filter residue, heating to slightly boil, keeping slightly boiling, refluxing and extracting for 1.5 hours, and filtering; adding 15000ml of 65% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution into the filter residue, heating to slightly boil, maintaining slightly boiling, refluxing for extraction for 1.5 hours, filtering, and discarding the filter residue; the filtrates collected three times are combined to obtain about 31200ml of 65% ethanol extraction solution of Periplaneta americana. Concentrating the ethanol extractive solution in a reduced pressure rotary evaporator, recovering ethanol at 65 deg.C under reduced pressure, and concentrating to 1200ml to obtain concentrated ethanol extractive solution of Periplaneta americana.
(2) Separation of the coarse extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana: adding 1000ml of purified water into the alcohol extract concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana obtained in the step (1), uniformly stirring, naturally cooling, placing in a refrigerated cabinet at 8 ℃, standing for liquid passing, oil-water layering, and separating a water layer to obtain about 1750ml of crude extract of the effective parts of the periplaneta americana for later use.
(3) Refining the effective part of the periplaneta americana: and (3) taking the crude extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana, putting the crude extract into a liquid separator, adding 850ml of ethyl acetate, shaking for 2 minutes, standing for layering, and separating a water layer. Heating the water layer solution in water bath (60 deg.C and maintaining for 1 hr), volatilizing residual ethyl acetate, adding active carbon 30g, heating to slightly boil, maintaining at 60 deg.C for 12 min, naturally cooling, and vacuum filtering to obtain about 1600ml of extractive solution, i.e. refined solution of Periplaneta americana effective component.
Example 5
(1) Preparing an ethanol extraction concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana: taking 1500g of Periplaneta americana powder (cleaned, naturally air-dried and crushed into coarse powder of about 6 meshes), adding 18000ml of ethanol water solution with the concentration of 55% by volume, soaking at room temperature for 1 hour, heating to slight boiling (about 80 ℃), keeping the slight boiling, refluxing and extracting for 2 hours, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use; adding 15000ml of 55% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution into the filter residue, heating to slightly boil, keeping slightly boiling, refluxing and extracting for 1.5 hours, and filtering; adding 15000ml of 55% (v/v) ethanol aqueous solution into the filter residue, heating to slightly boil, maintaining slightly boiling, refluxing for extraction for 1.5 hours, filtering, and removing the filter residue; the filtrates collected three times are combined to obtain about 31300ml of 55% ethanol extract solution of periplaneta americana. Concentrating the ethanol extractive solution in a reduced pressure rotary evaporator, recovering ethanol at 65 deg.C under reduced pressure, and concentrating to about 1800ml to obtain concentrated ethanol extractive solution of Periplaneta americana.
(2) Separation of the coarse extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana: and (2) adding 700ml of purified water into the alcohol extract concentrated solution of the periplaneta americana obtained in the step (1), uniformly stirring, naturally cooling, placing in a refrigerated cabinet at 8 ℃, standing for liquid passing, layering oil and water, and separating a water layer to obtain about 2050ml of crude extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana for later use.
(3) Refining the effective part of the periplaneta americana: and (3) taking the crude extract of the effective part of the periplaneta americana, putting the crude extract into a liquid separator, adding 750ml of ethyl acetate, shaking for 3 minutes, standing for layering, and separating a water layer. Heating the water layer solution in water bath (60 deg.C and maintaining for 1 hr) to volatilize residual ethyl acetate, adding 45g of activated carbon, heating to slightly boil, maintaining at 60 deg.C for 15 min, naturally cooling, and vacuum filtering to obtain about 1900ml of filtrate, i.e. refined solution of Periplaneta americana effective component.
Effect example 1: experiment of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of effective parts of active ingredient extracts of periplaneta americana
Animal experiments show that the effective parts of the active ingredient extracts of the periplaneta americana have obvious anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, and the experimental method and the results are as follows:
1. reagent
1.1 Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract active fraction prepared as in example 2 above for intraperitoneal injection.
1.2 indomethacin: shanghai pharmaceutical company, made into 5mg/ml for intraperitoneal injection before use. 2, male experimental animal and environmental Kunming mouse, the weight of the male experimental animal is 20 +/-2 g, the animal quality qualification certification serial number is provided by Guangdong province medical experimental animal center: no. 44411600000901. License number for experimental animals: SYXK (Yue) 2013-. The experimental environment conditions comprise that the temperature is 23 +/-2 ℃, the relative humidity is 60 +/-10%, the indoor natural light illumination is mainly used, the ventilation is good, the environment is kept quiet, and the environmental facilities of SPF-level experimental animals are provided.
120 mice were divided into 2 large groups of 60 mice each; each large group is divided into a normal saline control group, an indomethacin positive control group and three dosage administration groups of small, medium and large periplaneta americana active ingredient extracts, and each group has 12 dosage administration groups.
2. Method II for referring to the Master code of the medical and political administration of the Ministry of health of the people's republic of China, New drug preclinical research guidelines
2.1 mouse writhing experiment
After the mice are grouped, normal saline is used as a negative control, indomethacin is used as a positive control, the mice are administrated by intraperitoneal injection, 0.6% acetic acid 0.2m1 is intraperitoneally injected after 40-60 minutes, and the times of writhing of the mice are observed within 15 minutes. Compared with the group significant differences (the mouse writhing reaction refers to the phenomenon that the mouse is sunken in the abdomen, stretched in the trunk and the hind legs and raised in the hip due to the pain and the insignia).
2.2 methods of inflammation of the mouse Eggshell
Grouping mice, using normal saline as negative control and indomethacin as positive control, injecting the medicine injection into abdominal cavity, and after 30 minutes of administration, cleaning 0.03-0.05ml of dimethylbenzene inside and outside the right ear shells of the mice. After 3 hours, the mice were sacrificed and the right ear shells were removed, while the left ear shells were removed as controls, and 8mm punches were used to punch off the round ear pieces from the left and right ears, respectively, and then weighed on an analytical balance to calculate the swelling degree. (degree of swelling-right ear concha weight-left ear concha weight). Significant differences between groups were compared.
3. Results of the experiment
3.1 results of writhing experiments in mice are shown in Table 1. The experimental result shows that the periplaneta americana active component extract has a remarkable inhibiting effect on acetic acid-induced writhing of mice, and the action strength is related to the dosage. And 2 large and medium dose groups are superior to indomethacin.
TABLE 1 inhibition of acetic acid induced writhing in mice by Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract (x + -s, n-12)
*P<005,**P<0.01 compared to the physiological bath water group.
3.2 mouse Chitosan-induced inflammation, the results are shown in Table 2. The experimental results show that: the periplaneta americana active component extract has obvious inhibition effect on mouse concha swelling, the inhibition effect is increased along with the increase of the dosage, and the action intensity of 2 large and medium dosages is stronger than that of the indomethacin group.
TABLE 2 inhibition of xylene-induced swelling of mouse ear shells by Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract (x + -s, n ═ 12)
*P<0.05,**P<0.01 compared to the saline group.
4. Conclusion
The experimental result shows that the effective part of the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract has obvious anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Has stronger action on relieving inflammation and pain. Can be used for preparing new natural cosmetic or antiinflammatory and analgesic medicine from animals.
Effect example 2: animal experiment of periplaneta americana active ingredient extract effective part for skin injury repair
Animal experiments show that the effective parts of the active ingredient extracts of the periplaneta americana have obvious skin injury repairing effect, and the experimental method and the results are as follows:
1. reagent
The effective part of the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract prepared in the above example 2 is used for spraying to experimental animals.
2. Experimental animal and environment
Animals: male Kunming mice with the weight of 20 +/-2 g and provided by the Guangdong province medical experiment animal center, and the animal quality qualification certification serial number is as follows: no. 44411600000901. License number for experimental animals: SYXK (Yue) 2013-.
The experimental environment conditions comprise that the temperature is 23 +/-2 ℃, the relative humidity is 60 +/-10%, the indoor natural light illumination is mainly used, the ventilation is good, the environment is kept quiet, and the environmental facilities of SPF-level experimental animals are provided.
3. Experimental methods
Dividing 40 mice into 2 big groups of an animal skin scald test group and an animal skin electrocautery wound test group, wherein each big group comprises 20 mice; each large group was divided into 10 groups, without any treatment control group and drug test group.
3.1 Scald experiment in mice
The scald method comprises the following steps: the mice are divided into 10 mice respectively for a scald control group and a scald medication test group; the skin hair on the back of the mouse is cut off by an electric clipper, the remaining short hair is cut off by pressing the skin with a scissor, but the skin is not hurt, after anesthesia is carried out by chloral hydrate, the mouse is placed in a prone position, the four limbs stretch, and the back haired skin is flat. The skin of the mouse is scalded once by boiling water at 100 ℃, and the scalded area is 2 multiplied by 1cm2. The treated mice are raised in cages, and the padding in the cages is sterilized and dried in advance, and is well ventilated. The feed and drinking water are not limited.
Scald control group did not act as renWhat is processed; the composition liquid is sprayed to the animals of the drug test group once a day in the morning and at night, and 0.2ml/cm of the composition is sprayed to the wound surface of each mouse every time2. Spraying is started immediately after the scald is tested until the 5 th day.
And (3) experimental observation: observing immediately after the scald, and observing whether the wound surface conditions of the two groups of animal skin injuries are basically consistent, namely the wound surfaces are brownish yellow and have no erythema or blisters; observing that the scald wound surface of the mouse is obviously dark red, and the number of days for the water bubbles to appear; the time days for the mice to have a slightly enlarged scald wound area and aggravated edema are observed; observing the time days for the scald wound surface of the mouse to begin to scab, obviously reducing the wound area and beginning to heal; observing the time days for the scald wound of the mouse to obviously heal and the healed surface to be smooth and flat; the time days taken for the scald wound to completely heal was observed.
3.2 mouse electrocautery experiment
The electrocautery method comprises the following steps: the mice are divided into 10 mice respectively for an electrocautery control group and an electrocautery drug test group; the raising conditions of shearing before animal electric cauterization, anesthesia and after electric cauterization are the same as those of the scald experimental group; the back skin of the mouse is 2 multiplied by 2cm2The electric cautery is used for third degree burn. No treatment was done for the control group of electrocautery wounds; the electric burn test group applied the medicine immediately after the electric burn. 0.2ml/cm in the morning and at night2The medicine is administered until day 10 after injury.
And (3) experimental observation: observing immediately after electric cauterization to see whether the wound surface conditions of the two groups of animal skin injury are basically consistent, namely the wound surfaces are brownish yellow and have no erythema or blister; observing the number of days for the mice to appear dark red in the electrically-cauterized wound surface and for the water bubbles to appear; the days for the mice to have a slightly enlarged electrically-cauterized wound surface wound area and aggravated edema are observed; observing the mouse electric cauterization wound surface to begin scabbing, obviously reducing the wound area and beginning healing time days; observing the time days for the electrically cauterized wound surface of the mouse to obviously heal and the healed surface is smoother, smoother and smoother; the time days taken for the electrically cauterized wound surface of the mouse to completely heal up are observed.
4. Results of the experiment
4.1 results of the mouse scald test are shown in Table 3. The experimental results show that: compared with a control group, the healing time of the medicine group for the mouse scald experiment is 5 days earlier than that of the medicine group without the medicine group, and the result shows that the periplaneta americana active component extract has an obvious promotion effect on the healing of the mouse scald wound.
TABLE 3 healing effect of Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract on scald of mouse skin (n ═ 10)
4.2 results of mouse electrocautery experiments are shown in Table 4. The experimental results show that: compared with a control group, the healing time of the medicinal group for the mouse electrocautery wound experiment is 6 days earlier than that of the medicinal group without the medicinal group, and the result shows that the periplaneta americana active component extract also has an obvious promotion effect on the healing of the mouse electrocautery wound surface.
TABLE 4 healing effect of Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract on mouse skin electrocautery wound (n ═ 10)
5. Conclusion
The experimental result shows that the effective part of the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract has obvious effect of promoting wound healing. Can be used for preparing new natural cosmetic or wound healing medicine from animals.
Effect example 3: inhibition experiment of periplaneta americana active ingredient extract on tyrosinase activity
1. Principle of experiment
Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in skin melanin biosynthesis, acting on dopa to form dopaquinone, which spontaneously undergoes a series of reactions to finally form melanin. Tyrosinase catalyzes the conversion of dopa to dopaquinone (in the form of an epinephrine red) in phosphate buffer at pH6.8, and absorbance can be measured at 475nm in a spectrophotometer. The substance with tyrosinase activity inhibiting effect can reduce conversion of dopa into dopaquinone, thereby reducing light absorption value, and evaluating tyrosinase inhibition effect of the substance to be detected according to change of the light absorption value.
2. Experimental methods
Adding 1.0ml of Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract sample solution (prepared with PBS, pH 6.8) with corresponding concentration into the sample tube and the sample control tube, respectively weighing potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH) dried at 110-130 deg.C for 2-3 hr2PO4)3.388g and disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na)2HPO4)3.533g were dissolved in water and diluted to 1L in a volumetric flask), and 1.0ml of PBS was added to each of the negative control tube and the blank control tube. 0.5ml (100U/ml) tyrosinase solution (purchased from Sigma) was added to each of the sample tube and the negative control tube, and the sample control and the blank control tube were replaced with 0.5ml PBS. Shaking and mixing evenly, and incubating in a water tank at 30 ℃ for 10 minutes. 2.0ml of 5X 10 are added to each tube-4g/ml DOPA L-DOPA (purchased from Sigma) was incubated for a further 5 minutes and the absorbance (Abs) at 475nm was determined instantaneously.
The inhibition rate of tyrosinase activity was calculated:
the inhibition rate (%) [1- (T-T0)/(C-C0) ] × 100%.
In the formula: t-sample tube Abs; t0-sample control Abs; c-negative control Abs; c0-blank control Abs.
3. The results of the experiment are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 inhibition of tyrosinase activity by Periplaneta americana active ingredient extracts
| Experimental concentration (mg/ml) | 3.36 | 0.84 | 0.21 | IC50(mg/ml) |
| Inhibition ratio (%) | 97.38 | 45.11 | 0.00 | 0.93 |
And 4, conclusion:
the periplaneta americana active component extract has the effect of inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase, and the inhibition is in a dependent relationship with the concentration; the inhibition rate of the active component extract on tyrosinase is as high as 97.38% under the concentration of 3.36mg/ml, and the result proves that the active component extract on the periplaneta americana has a remarkable whitening effect.
Application example 1: example of cosmetic preparation of effective part of active ingredient extract of periplaneta americana
(1) Preparing the face cream:
A. the formulation is shown in table 6:
TABLE 6
B. The preparation steps are as follows: mixing cetearyl glucoside, hexadecanol-octadecanol, caprylic/capric triglyceride, jojoba oil, isopropyl palmitate and glycerol, heating to 80 deg.C to obtain phase A, and keeping the temperature; adding xanthan gum, carbomer 940, sodium hyaluronate and deionized water into the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract, mixing and heating to 80 ℃, uniformly dispersing to serve as a phase B, and keeping the temperature for later use; slowly adding phase A into phase B which is dispersed uniformly in advance and heated to 80 deg.C under homogenizing condition, adding cyclodimethylsilicone 345, homogenizing for 3 min, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust pH to 6-7, stirring and cooling to 50 deg.C, adding essence, stirring, and cooling to 35 deg.C. The appearance was white and the smell of periplaneta americana extract was not smelled.
(2) Preparation of the emulsion:
A. the formulation is shown in table 7:
TABLE 7
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract | 60.00 |
| Pure cyclopentylmethyl siloxane KF995 | 10.00 |
| Vaseline | 2.10 |
| Tween-80 | 0.65 |
| Vitamin E acetate | 0.15 |
| Phenonip preservative | 0.50 |
| Glycerol | 10.10 |
| Essence | Proper amount of |
| Triethanolamine (adjusting pH value) | Proper amount of |
| Chinese gum | 0.10 |
| Carbomer carbopol Ultrez10 | 0.20 |
| 1, 3-butanediol | 1.00 |
| Deionized water | To 100 |
B. The preparation steps are as follows: mixing pure cyclopentylmethyl siloxane KF995, vaseline, tween-80, vitamin E acetate and glycerol, heating to 80 deg.C to obtain phase A, and keeping the temperature for use; taking the periplaneta Americana active ingredient extract, adding xanthan gum, carbopol Ultrez10, 1, 3-butanediol and deionized water, mixing and heating to 80 ℃, uniformly dispersing to serve as a phase B, and keeping the temperature for later use; slowly adding phase A into phase B which is dispersed uniformly in advance and heated to 80 deg.C under homogenizing condition, homogenizing for 3 min, adding triethanolamine to adjust pH to 6-7, stirring, cooling to 50 deg.C, adding essence, stirring, and cooling to 35 deg.C.
(3) Preparation of eye cream:
A. the formulation is shown in table 8:
TABLE 8
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract | 45.00 |
| 1, 3-butanediol | 1.50 |
| Green tea extract | 0.20 |
| Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt | 0.05 |
| Deionized water | To 100 |
| Silicone elastomer | 39.00 |
| Volatile silicone oil DC245 | 10.00 |
| Jojoba oil | 3.00 |
| Vitamin E acetate | 0.50 |
| Vitamin A palmitate | 0.15 |
B. The preparation steps are as follows: heating the effective part of the periplaneta Americana active ingredient extract to 50 ℃, adding 1, 3-butanediol, green tea extract, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and deionized water, uniformly dispersing, and stirring until the mixture is clear; slowly adding the organic silicon elastomer under stirring to serve as a phase A for later use; mixing DC245, jojoba oil, vitamin E acetate and vitamin A palmitate, heating to 80 deg.C to obtain phase B, and keeping the temperature; slowly adding phase A into phase B which is dispersed uniformly in advance and heated to 80 deg.C, homogenizing for 3 min, and cooling to 35 deg.C to obtain the final product.
(4) Preparation of eye cream:
A. the formulation is shown in table 9:
TABLE 9
| Raw materials | Mass percent (%) |
| Periplaneta americana active ingredient extract | 50.00 |
| Polyacrylic acid | 0.25 |
| Glycerol | 3.00 |
| 1, 3-butanediol | 1.00 |
| Fucosan sulfate | 0.50 |
| Hyaluronic acid sodium salt | 0.01 |
| Essence | Proper amount of |
| Methyl isothiazolinone | 0.10 |
| Triethanolamine (adjusting pH value) | Proper amount of |
| Deionized water | To 100 |
B. The preparation steps are as follows: heating the periplaneta Americana active ingredient extract to 80 ℃, adding polyacrylic acid, glycerol, 1, 3-butanediol, fucoidan sulfate and sodium hyaluronate, and uniformly stirring and dispersing to obtain phase A for later use; adding deionized water into phase A, dispersing, adding triethanolamine to adjust pH to 6-7, stirring, cooling to 50 deg.C, adding essence and methyl isothiazolinone, stirring, and cooling to 35 deg.C.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The application of the periplaneta americana active component extract in preparing whitening cosmetics is characterized in that:
the periplaneta americana active component extract is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing an extraction concentrated solution: crushing the dried periplaneta americana, adding an ethanol solution with the volume percentage of 55-65% into the periplaneta americana powder for extraction, and concentrating the obtained extraction solution to obtain an extraction concentrated solution;
(2) separation of the crude extract of the effective part: adding water into the extracted concentrated solution obtained in the step (1), cooling, refrigerating and standing until layering, performing oil-water separation, and taking a water layer to obtain a crude extract of the effective parts of the periplaneta americana;
(3) refining the effective part: adding an organic solvent into the coarse extract of the effective parts of the periplaneta americana for extraction and degreasing, and taking a water layer; removing the residual organic solvent in the water layer, adding activated carbon, heating to slightly boil, cooling to 55-65 ℃, preserving heat, cooling, performing suction filtration, and taking filtrate to obtain an active ingredient extract of the periplaneta americana;
the extraction mode in the step (1) is ultrasonic extraction;
the ultrasonic extraction conditions are as follows: the ultrasonic power is 100-500W, and the time is 60-120 minutes.
2. The application of the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract according to claim 1 in preparing whitening cosmetics is characterized in that:
naturally cooling to room temperature in the step (2);
the refrigerating and standing temperature in the step (2) is 5-15 ℃;
the organic solvent in the step (3) is one or two of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether.
3. The application of the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract according to claim 1 in preparing whitening cosmetics is characterized in that:
the ultrasonic extraction steps are as follows: ultrasonic extraction is carried out for 3 times: adding an ethanol solution into the periplaneta americana powder for the first time, wherein the addition amount of the ethanol solution is calculated according to the proportion of 1g of the periplaneta americana powder to 12mL of the ethanol solution, soaking for 1 hour, then performing ultrasonic extraction for 2 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation; adding ethanol solution into the solid obtained by separation for the second time, wherein the adding amount of the ethanol solution is calculated according to the proportion of 1g of periplaneta americana powder to 10mL of the ethanol solution, performing ultrasonic extraction for 1.5 hours, and performing solid-liquid separation; thirdly, adding ethanol solution into the solid obtained by separation, wherein the adding amount of the ethanol solution is calculated according to the proportion of 1g of periplaneta americana powder to 10mL of the ethanol solution, carrying out ultrasonic extraction for 1.5 hours, and carrying out solid-liquid separation; and combining the liquids obtained after the three ultrasonic extractions to obtain an extraction solution.
4. The application of the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract according to claim 1 in preparing whitening cosmetics is characterized in that:
the concentration mode in the step (1) is decompression concentration;
the water in the step (2) comprises purified water, distilled water and deionized water;
the refrigerating and standing time in the step (2) is more than 12 hours;
the volume of the organic solvent used in the step (3) is 0.2-1 time of the volume of the crude extract of the effective part;
the number of times of the extraction degreasing in the step (3) is 1-2;
the operation steps of the extraction degreasing in the step (3) are as follows: adding an organic solvent into the coarse extract of the effective parts of the periplaneta americana, shaking for 1-5 minutes, standing for layering, and separating a water layer;
the step (3) of removing the residual organic solvent in the water layer comprises the following steps: heating the water layer to 60-65 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-60 min;
the dosage of the active carbon in the step (3) is as follows: crude extract of effective part =1 g: calculating 42-58 ml;
the heat preservation time in the step (3) is 10-15 minutes;
the concentration of the filtrate in the step (3) is adjusted to 0.5-1.5 g crude drug/ml.
5. The application of the periplaneta americana active ingredient extract according to claim 1 in preparing whitening cosmetics is characterized in that: the whitening cosmetics comprise water aqua, hydrogel, foamed gel, cataplasm, membrane, externally applied liniment, ointment, emulsifying system and surfactant system.
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| CN108078891B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2021-05-07 | 昆明赛诺制药股份有限公司 | Moisturizing and repairing facial cleanser containing periplaneta americana refined extract |
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| CN108785330B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2022-07-29 | 广州博济堂医药保健有限公司 | Application of periplaneta americana extract in preparation of medicine for treating wound healing |
| CN111484549B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2021-08-24 | 暨南大学 | Periplaneta americana tissue repair factor PA1 and application thereof |
| CN113520972A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-22 | 常州伟博海泰生物科技有限公司 | Periplaneta americana extract, odor-free extraction method thereof, anti-aging essence freeze-dried preparation containing Periplaneta americana extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN111961111B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2023-06-06 | 云南中医药大学 | American cockroach polypeptide extraction method |
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