CN105433265A - 一种酸辣即食腊肉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
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- A23B4/18—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12 in the form of liquids or solids
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- A23B4/22—Microorganisms; Enzymes; Antibiotics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种酸辣即食腊肉及其制备方法,由以下原料制成:鲜猪肉、低聚果糖、料酒、草莓酒、香辛料、食盐、直投式乳酸菌、食醋、番茄红素、复合磷酸盐、溶菌酶。产品表面干燥清洁,色泽红亮,香味浓郁,软硬适中;采用混合乳酸菌发酵,易于消化吸收,加之香辛料的调味,使腊肉酸辣爽口,健脾开胃,风味独特,咸淡适中,肥而不腻,瘦不塞牙,乳酸菌可抑制杂菌生长,延长保质期;采用低温腌制和熏制,明显减少亚硝酸盐和苯并芘的残留量,食用安全健康;番茄红素和溶菌酶可增加腊肉的红色,抑制杂菌生长,延长保质期;鲜猪肉经滚揉、熟化后进行腌制,安全、卫生,开袋即食,携带和食用方便,适合快节奏的生活方式。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工领域,具体的说,涉及一种酸辣即食腊肉及其制备方法。
背景技术
腊肉是一种传统肉食品,民间的传统加工方法是将鲜猪肉切成块,涂抹上食盐和调料,再喷洒适量白酒,有的还加入一定量的硝酸钾、亚硝酸钠作为发色剂,装入一般木桶中腌制5~8天,然后用柴草烟火熏烤30天左右即成为腊肉制品。这种加工方法简单,农户可自制,小作坊也容易生产,而且腊肉美味可口。但是,用上述方法加工的腊肉,不仅烟熏味较重,硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量较大,亚硝酸盐含量高达200~300ppm,而且还含有一定量的丙烯酰胺、N-亚硝酸基化合物、杂环化合物和3-4苯并笓等物质,若长期食用,会对人体产生较大危害。
目前市场上的腊肉大多都是由鲜猪肉腌制而成的,没有经过熟化,真空包装或无包装,食用时要经过烹饪,不能以速食直接食用。在这个快节奏的生活中,速食的消费量很大,即食的风味腊肉也会有很大的需求。
发明内容
为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,本发明的目的是提供一种酸辣即食腊肉及其制备方法。
一种酸辣即食腊肉,由以下重量百分比的原料制成:鲜猪肉55~65%、低聚果糖10~15%、料酒7~9%、草莓酒6~8%、香辛料5~7%、食盐4~6%、直投式乳酸菌4~5%、食醋2~3%、番茄红素1~2%、复合磷酸盐0.6~0.8%、溶菌酶0.02~0.04%。
所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒粉20~25、桂皮10~12、八角10~12、花椒8~10、草果8~10、陈皮6~8、小茴香6~8、山奈6~8、白芷4~6、白豆蔻4~6、甘松3~5、栀子3~5、甘草2~4、香菜籽2~4。
一种酸辣即食腊肉的制备方法,具体的包括以下步骤:
(1)将低聚木糖、食盐、复合磷酸盐和番茄红素混合,加入少量水,搅拌直至溶化,分成等量的2份,形成盐溶液;
(2)将经检疫合格的鲜猪肉切成0.8~1kg的条状,宽3~5cm,在清水中漂洗3~4遍,除去表面的灰尘油污,沥水,晾干,注射1份盐溶液,真空滚揉,温度2~3℃,转速16~18转/分钟,真空度75~80%,滚揉4~6小时,取出,置于高压锅内蒸50~70分钟,得熟化肉;
(3)在熟化肉上扎细密小孔,待中心温度降至30~35℃时,加入直投式乳酸菌,涂抹均匀,28~30℃发酵25~27小时,得发酵肉;
(4)将香辛料在锅内小火炒至生香,粉碎,过60~80目筛,得香辛料粉;
(5)向发酵肉中加入剩下的1份盐溶液、料酒、草莓酒、香辛料粉、番茄红素和食醋,揉搓均匀,置于2~3℃腌制6~7天,每天将肉翻动2遍;
(6)将松柏木、柚子皮、桔皮、茶树枝和甘蔗渣点燃,熏烟均匀后,将腌制好的猪肉挂于熏柜内,45~48℃熏制26~30小时,取出,用40~50℃的温水清洗腊肉表面的残留杂物,40~45℃烘干,加入溶菌酶,涂抹均匀,得酸辣即食腊肉;
(7)用紫外灯照射进行杀菌,照射30~40分钟,关闭10~12分钟,重复照射和关闭4次,真空包装,二次杀菌,紫外灯照射30~40分钟,得成品。
番茄红素,具有极强的清除自由基的能力,对预防疾病、提高免疫力、保护细胞DNA免受自由基损害,促使细胞的生长和再生有显著功效,有“植物黄金”之称。
香辛料具多种保健功能,辣椒,味辣,温中健胃,散寒燥湿,发汗;桂皮,辛香微甜,杀虫,降压,健胃;八角,具有特殊的香甜,祛风理气、和胃调中;花椒,辛香麻辣,增香,解腻,除腥;草果,略辛辣,提香,去腥,健胃消食;陈皮,味道香甜,化痰止咳,开胃健脾;小茴香,香味浓烈,增香,解腻,除腥;山奈,香味浓郁,辛辣,驱寒温中,消食止痛;白芷,味道甘甜,消肿止痛,美白皮肤;白豆蔻,香气浓烈,辛辣,行气暖胃,解酒止痢;甘松,香味浓郁,增香,解腻,除腥;栀子,清香,护肝利胆,降压镇静,止血消肿;甘草,特殊甜味,消炎,祛痰,抗过敏;香菜籽,气芳香,健胃,解毒,止痛,去腥。
本发明的优点是:本发明提供的一种酸辣即食腊肉及其制备方法,表面干燥清洁,组织疏密适中,切面平整,色泽红亮,香味浓郁,软硬适中,酸辣爽口;加入草莓酒,可以增加腊肉的口感和香味,使肉质细腻、香甜;采用混合乳酸菌发酵,增加小分子营养物质,易于消化吸收,具有乳酸发酵香味,加之香辛料的调味,使腊肉酸辣爽口,健脾开胃,风味独特,咸淡适中,肥而不腻,瘦不塞牙,乳酸菌可抑制杂菌生长,减少有害物质的产生,延长保质期;采用低温腌制和熏制,明显减少亚硝酸盐和苯并芘的残留量,食用安全健康;番茄红素和溶菌酶可以增加腊肉的红色,并且能够抑制杂菌生长,进行天然的抗氧化,增加腊肉风味,延长保质期;鲜猪肉经滚揉、熟化后进行发酵和腌制,包装前后均进行杀菌,安全、卫生,消费者打开包装即可食用,携带和食用方便,适合快节奏的生活方式。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明。
实施例1
一种酸辣即食腊肉,由以下重量百分比的原料制成:鲜猪肉57%、低聚果糖11%、料酒8%、草莓酒7%、香辛料5%、食盐4%、直投式乳酸菌4%、食醋2%、番茄红素1.3%、复合磷酸盐0.68%、溶菌酶0.02%。
所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒粉20、桂皮10、八角10、花椒8、草果8、陈皮6、小茴香6、山奈6、白芷4、白豆蔻4、甘松3、栀子3、甘草2、香菜籽2。
一种酸辣即食腊肉的制备方法,具体的包括以下步骤:
(1)将低聚木糖、食盐、复合磷酸盐和番茄红素混合,加入少量水,搅拌直至溶化,分成等量的2份,形成盐溶液;
(2)将经检疫合格的鲜猪肉切成0.8kg的条状,宽3cm,在清水中漂洗3遍,除去表面的灰尘油污,沥水,晾干,注射1份盐溶液,真空滚揉,温度2℃,转速16转/分钟,真空度75%,滚揉4小时,取出,置于高压锅内蒸50分钟,得熟化肉;
(3)在熟化肉上扎细密小孔,待中心温度降至30℃时,加入直投式乳酸菌,涂抹均匀,28℃发酵25小时,得发酵肉;
(4)将香辛料在锅内小火炒至生香,粉碎,过60目筛,得香辛料粉;
(5)向发酵肉中加入剩下的1份盐溶液、料酒、草莓酒、香辛料粉、番茄红素和食醋,揉搓均匀,置于2℃腌制6天,每天将肉翻动2遍;
(6)将松柏木、柚子皮、桔皮、茶树枝和甘蔗渣点燃,熏烟均匀后,将腌制好的猪肉挂于熏柜内,45℃熏制26小时,取出,用40℃的温水清洗腊肉表面的残留杂物,40℃烘干,加入溶菌酶,涂抹均匀,得酸辣即食腊肉;
(7)用紫外灯照射进行杀菌,照射30分钟,关闭10分钟,重复照射和关闭4次,真空包装,二次杀菌,紫外灯照射30分钟,得成品。
实施例2
一种酸辣即食腊肉,由以下重量百分比的原料制成:鲜猪肉56%、低聚果糖11%、料酒8%、草莓酒6%、香辛料6%、食盐5%、直投式乳酸菌4%、食醋2.2%、番茄红素1%、复合磷酸盐0.77%、溶菌酶0.03%。
所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒粉23、桂皮13、八角13、花椒9、草果9、陈皮7、小茴香7、山奈7、白芷5、白豆蔻5、甘松4、栀子4、甘草3、香菜籽3。
一种酸辣即食腊肉的制备方法,具体的包括以下步骤:
(1)将低聚木糖、食盐、复合磷酸盐和番茄红素混合,加入少量水,搅拌直至溶化,分成等量的2份,形成盐溶液;
(2)将经检疫合格的鲜猪肉切成0.9kg的条状,宽4cm,在清水中漂洗4遍,除去表面的灰尘油污,沥水,晾干,注射1份盐溶液,真空滚揉,温度2.5℃,转速17转/分钟,真空度78%,滚揉5小时,取出,置于高压锅内蒸60分钟,得熟化肉;
(3)在熟化肉上扎细密小孔,待中心温度降至33℃时,加入直投式乳酸菌,涂抹均匀,29℃发酵26小时,得发酵肉;
(4)将香辛料在锅内小火炒至生香,粉碎,过70目筛,得香辛料粉;
(5)向发酵肉中加入剩下的1份盐溶液、料酒、草莓酒、香辛料粉、番茄红素和食醋,揉搓均匀,置于2.5℃腌制6.5天,每天将肉翻动2遍;
(6)将松柏木、柚子皮、桔皮、茶树枝和甘蔗渣点燃,熏烟均匀后,将腌制好的猪肉挂于熏柜内,46℃熏制28小时,取出,用45℃的温水清洗腊肉表面的残留杂物,43℃烘干,加入溶菌酶,涂抹均匀,得酸辣即食腊肉;
(7)用紫外灯照射进行杀菌,照射35分钟,关闭11分钟,重复照射和关闭4次,真空包装,二次杀菌,紫外灯照射35分钟,得成品。
实施例3
一种酸辣即食腊肉,由以下重量百分比的原料制成:鲜猪肉56%、低聚果糖10%、料酒7%、草莓酒6%、香辛料6%、食盐6%、直投式乳酸菌4%、食醋2.2%、番茄红素2%、复合磷酸盐0.76%、溶菌酶0.04%。
所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒粉25、桂皮12、八角12、花椒10、草果10、陈皮8、小茴香8、山奈8、白芷6、白豆蔻6、甘松5、栀子5、甘草4、香菜籽4。
一种酸辣即食腊肉的制备方法,具体的包括以下步骤:
(1)将低聚木糖、食盐、复合磷酸盐和番茄红素混合,加入少量水,搅拌直至溶化,分成等量的2份,形成盐溶液;
(2)将经检疫合格的鲜猪肉切成1kg的条状,宽5cm,在清水中漂洗4遍,除去表面的灰尘油污,沥水,晾干,注射1份盐溶液,真空滚揉,温度3℃,转速18转/分钟,真空度80%,滚揉6小时,取出,置于高压锅内蒸70分钟,得熟化肉;
(3)在熟化肉上扎细密小孔,待中心温度降至35℃时,加入直投式乳酸菌,涂抹均匀,30℃发酵27小时,得发酵肉;
(4)将香辛料在锅内小火炒至生香,粉碎,过80目筛,得香辛料粉;
(5)向发酵肉中加入剩下的1份盐溶液、料酒、草莓酒、香辛料粉、番茄红素和食醋,揉搓均匀,置于3℃腌制7天,每天将肉翻动2遍;
(6)将松柏木、柚子皮、桔皮、茶树枝和甘蔗渣点燃,熏烟均匀后,将腌制好的猪肉挂于熏柜内,48℃熏制30小时,取出,用50℃的温水清洗腊肉表面的残留杂物,45℃烘干,加入溶菌酶,涂抹均匀,得酸辣即食腊肉;
(7)用紫外灯照射进行杀菌,照射40分钟,关闭12分钟,重复照射和关闭4次,真空包装,二次杀菌,紫外灯照射40分钟,得成品。
对比例
市售普通腊肉。
实施例和对比例腊肉的理化指标检测:
根据GB2730-2005的规定,对实施例和对比例腊肉的理化指标进行检测,结果见表1。
表1:实施例和对比例腊肉的理化指标
项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例 |
过氧化值(以脂肪酸计)/(g/100g) | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.47 |
酸价(以脂肪酸计)(KOH)/(mg/g) | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 3.4 |
苯并芘/(μg/kg) | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 3.7 |
亚硝酸盐/(mg/kg) | 14 | 12 | 14 | 39 |
表1的结果可以看出,实施例酸辣即食腊肉的各理化指标符合国家标准,且各有害物质的残留量明显少于对比例的市售普通腊肉,安全健康,不会对人体产生危害,消费者可以放心食用。
实施例和对比例腊肉的感官评定指标:
采用9点整数标度方法对实施例和对比例腊肉进行感官评定,每部分共计10分,1~3为一般,4~6为佳,7~9为上佳,10为满分,取其平均值,实施例和对比例腊肉的感官评定指标结果见表2。
表2:实施例和对比例腊肉的感官评定指标
项目 | 食用方式 | 味道 | 色泽 | 香味 | 组织 |
实施例1 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 9 |
实施例2 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
实施例3 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
对比例 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 |
表2的结果可以看出,实施例酸辣即食腊肉食用方便、快捷,软硬适中,具有明显的乳酸发酵香味,风味独特,咸淡适中,酸辣爽口,色泽鲜艳,黄里透红,香味浓郁、和谐,肥而不腻,瘦不塞牙,富有弹性,营养丰富,能够健脾开胃,增加食欲。
Claims (3)
1.一种酸辣即食腊肉,其特征在于,由以下重量百分比的原料制成:鲜猪肉55~65%、低聚果糖10~15%、料酒7~9%、草莓酒6~8%、香辛料5~7%、食盐4~6%、直投式乳酸菌4~5%、食醋2~3%、番茄红素1~2%、复合磷酸盐0.6~0.8%、溶菌酶0.02~0.04%。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种酸辣即食腊肉,其特征在于,所述的香辛料,由以下重量份的原料组成:辣椒粉20~25、桂皮10~12、八角10~12、花椒8~10、草果8~10、陈皮6~8、小茴香6~8、山奈6~8、白芷4~6、白豆蔻4~6、甘松3~5、栀子3~5、甘草2~4、香菜籽2~4。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种酸辣即食腊肉的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将低聚木糖、食盐、复合磷酸盐和番茄红素混合,加入少量水,搅拌直至溶化,分成等量的2份,形成盐溶液;
(2)将经检疫合格的鲜猪肉切成0.8~1kg的条状,宽3~5cm,在清水中漂洗3~4遍,除去表面的灰尘油污,沥水,晾干,注射1份盐溶液,真空滚揉,温度2~3℃,转速16~18转/分钟,真空度75~80%,滚揉4~6小时,取出,置于高压锅内蒸50~70分钟,得熟化肉;
(3)在熟化肉上扎细密小孔,待中心温度降至30~35℃时,加入直投式乳酸菌,涂抹均匀,28~30℃发酵25~27小时,得发酵肉;
(4)将香辛料在锅内小火炒至生香,粉碎,过60~80目筛,得香辛料粉;
(5)向发酵肉中加入剩下的1份盐溶液、料酒、草莓酒、香辛料粉、番茄红素和食醋,揉搓均匀,置于2~3℃腌制6~7天,每天将肉翻动2遍;
(6)将松柏木、柚子皮、桔皮、茶树枝和甘蔗渣点燃,熏烟均匀后,将腌制好的猪肉挂于熏柜内,45~48℃熏制26~30小时,取出,用40~50℃的温水清洗腊肉表面的残留杂物,40~45℃烘干,加入溶菌酶,涂抹均匀,得酸辣即食腊肉;
(7)用紫外灯照射进行杀菌,照射30~40分钟,关闭10~12分钟,重复照射和关闭4次,真空包装,二次杀菌,紫外灯照射30~40分钟,得成品。
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WO2021260033A1 (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-30 | Purac Biochem B.V. | Composition for preserving and/or improving the quality of meat products |
WO2021262144A1 (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-30 | Purac Biochem B.V. | Composition for preserving and/or improving the quality of meat products |
WO2021260030A1 (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-30 | Purac Biochem B.V. | Composition for preserving and/or improving the quality of meat products |
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