CN105409710A - Three-dimensional planting method for grapes-strawberries-dendrobium candidum - Google Patents
Three-dimensional planting method for grapes-strawberries-dendrobium candidum Download PDFInfo
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- CN105409710A CN105409710A CN201510933046.3A CN201510933046A CN105409710A CN 105409710 A CN105409710 A CN 105409710A CN 201510933046 A CN201510933046 A CN 201510933046A CN 105409710 A CN105409710 A CN 105409710A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
- A01G17/06—Trellis-work
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The present invention provides a three-dimensional planting method for grapes-strawberries-dendrobium candidum high in utility rate of space and good in planting effect by virtue of a characteristics that growth habits of grapes-strawberries-dendrobium candidum are of great complementarity. The three-dimensional planting method for grapes-strawberries-dendrobium candidum comprises the following steps: (1) building a planting apparatus: the planting apparatus comprises a stent group, a column, a bottom shelf, a middle shelf and a top shelf; the stent group and the column are separately fixed on the ground; the bottom shelf is fixed at a lower portion of the stent group; the middle shelf is fixed in the upper portion of the stent group; and the top shelf is fixed in the upper portion of the column; (2) grape planting: selecting a early-mid maturing grape variety to be planted in the ground, and enabling a vine of the grape to grow along the column and extend on the top shelf; (3) strawberry planting: selecting an elevated strawberry variety to be planted on the middle shelf of the planting apparatus; (4) dendrobium candidum planting: planting the dendrobium candidum on the bottom shelf of the planting apparatus and performing light management on the dendrobium candidum; and (6) daily management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to various plants technical field of stereoscopic cultivation, particularly a kind of stereo cultivation method of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum.
Background technology
The fruit such as grape, strawberry is large fruit that current China development speed is very fast, planting benefit is higher, and delicious juice is many, extensively likes by people always.Along with people are to the concern of health-preserving, iron sheet stone is worth with its high medicinal and health care and is subject to popularizing planting and application, and area under cultivation increases year by year.Carry out independent growing and cultivation to single crop, input cost is high, easily damage by disease and insect occurs, and also greatly reduces the availability of soil and facility space.There is complementarity in these three kinds of crops of grape, strawberry and dendrobium candidum, be applicable to each other doing three-dimensional collocation plantation in the demand to illumination, growth and development time and space utilization.
In addition along with the fast development of the secondary industry and the tertiary industry, current China agricultural workforce is accelerating transfer, agricultural laborer's quantity in continuous atrophy, and personnel's wage sharp rises, and agriculture production cost significantly increases.Facilities horticulture industry, because of features such as the amount of labour used are large, seasonal demand is uneven, causes recruitment more difficult, in addition the impact of means of production cost increase factor, and profit declines obviously.Particularly for the medium-to-high grade facility plastic greenhouse of major part, owing to not having to form supporting with it high level, efficiently cropping pattern, input-output ratio is low, cause facility vacant, even phenomenon of laying idle happen occasionally.These situations have had influence on the sustainable development of industry.Therefore, the study demonstration of high level, heavy duty detergent horticultural production pattern has become the task of top priority.
By the research and development of the diversification high-efficient solid cropping pattern to grape-overhead strawberry-dendrobium candidum, thus improve industrialized agriculture output and benefit, promote the competitiveness of facilities horticulture industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to make full use of grape, strawberry and dendrobium candidum three plant growth habit and there is good complementary feature, the stereo cultivation method of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum that a kind of space availability ratio is high, planting effect is good is provided.
The technical solution used in the present invention completes in the following way: a kind of stereo cultivation method of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum, and the stereo cultivation method of this grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum comprises the following steps:
(1) planting unit is built
Described planting unit comprises support group, column, bottom frame, middle level frame and top layer frame, and support group and column are separately fixed at ground, and bottom frame is fixed on the bottom of support group, and middle level frame is fixed on the top of support group, and top layer frame is fixed on the top of column;
(2) wine-growing
Select Early-mid ripening grape variety, in the ground, its tendril grows along column and extends on top layer frame, plucks, and regulate and control mutually vine after grape maturity in plantation;
(3) strawberry cultivating
In annual 8, September, select overhead strawberry cultivars to be planted on the middle level frame of described planting unit, adopt substrate culture method to carry out cultivation operation;
(4) dendrobium candidum plantation
Dendrobium candidum planted by the bottom frame of described planting unit, illumination management is carried out to dendrobium candidum;
(5) daily management
Described daily management comprises damage by disease and insect bionomic control, adopts current to rinse the cultivation matrix of method to strawberry and dendrobium candidum combined with high-concentrated ozone water sterilization and carries out disinfection; Plant fertility preferred biological agent in early stage, the anti-worm of curing the disease of mineral matter; High-concentration ozone water controlling disease is used in grape, strawberry, dendrobium candidum picking period; By spending more plant at planting unit and periphery plantation, creating good habitat, cultivating natural enemy disease and pest control.
In the stereo cultivation method of described a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum, described step (4) in illumination management be included in and utilize summer the grape tendril on top layer frame to shelter from heat or light, lower the temperature for dendrobium candidum; Enter and logical light is pruned to the grape on top layer frame after autumn; Sunshine in winter is not enough, and being provided with light compensating lamp at the lower surface of described middle level frame, opening when deficiency at sunshine, is dendrobium candidum light filling; Cleaning strawberry Lao Ye in time after Second Year beginning of spring, improves the illumination condition of dendrobium candidum under frame; To the end of spring and the beginning of summer, excavate strawberry in time, and pinching control is carried out to grape.
In the stereo cultivation method of described a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum, described step (2) in vine regulate and control to comprise after grape fruit gathered and terminated summer mutually, impose appropriate fruit picking fertile, recover tree vigo(u)r, and control sublateral shoot growth; After strawberry field planting about 7 days, prune, remove intersection branch to grape, parallel branch is by adjacent two branches one is long and the other is short retraction, and namely long shoot stays 5-6 bud, brachyplast stays 2-3 bud, so circulates; Before strawberry buddings, carry out priming leaf to grape, long shoot every only stays top 2 leaf, and brachyplast does not stay leaf; At the beginning of 11 ends to 12 month, extract the blade on all grape branches, to increase light transmittance.
In the stereo cultivation method of described a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum, described step (3) in middle level frame be provided with cultivating groove, liquid manure supply and remaining liquid recoverer, matrix is provided with in cultivating groove, strawberry cultivating is in the Medium Culture of cultivating groove, nutrient solution is provided with in liquid manure supply and remaining liquid recoverer, regulated and controled by nutrient solution, realize the normal growth of strawberry.
In the stereo cultivation method of described a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum, described planting unit comprises two support groups, separated by a distance between two support groups, facilitates daily management to operate; The bottom of each support group is provided with two pieces of bottom framves, and the top of support group is provided with two pieces of middle level framves, and between two pieces of bottom framves, be provided with the intervallum of certain distance between two pieces of middle level framves, two root posts are fixed in intervallum, and top layer frame is fixed on the top of column.
In the stereo cultivation method of described a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum, described bottom frame and the distance on ground are 15 ~ 20cm, and the distance on middle level frame and ground is 80 ~ 120cm, and the distance on top layer frame and ground is 170 ~ 200cm.
In the stereo cultivation method of described a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum, described step (5) in daily management comprise:
1. cultivation matrix sterilization: first 20 days of strawberry, dendrobium candidum field planting, the matrix of flood shower cultivation 3 times, then carries out disinfection by the Ozone Water of 8-10mg/L concentration, its average attack rate is significantly reduced;
2. breeding time safe medication: plant fertility early stage preferred biological agent, mineral matter prevention and elimination of disease and pests, use high-concentration ozone water controlling disease in grape, strawberry, dendrobium candidum picking period, be mainly the diseases such as gray mold, powdery mildew, anthracnose.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: utilize grape, strawberry and dendrobium candidum three to the different demand of illumination and growth, the complementation in result cycle, carry out vertical cultivation, significantly improve the input-output ratio of facility, significantly improve land utilization rate, save the area, be conducive to the contradiction solving horticulture industry development and stablize between grain-production; Utilize bio-diversity disease and pest control, produce green safety agricultural product, meet consumer and pursue healthy demand; Labor aspect, realizes four seasons recruitment, balanced recruitment, is conducive to stable people engaged in agriculture troop.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of planting unit in the present invention.
In fig. 1,1 represents support group; 2 represent column; 3 represent bottom frame; 4 represent middle level frame; 5 represent top layer frame; 6 represent intervallum.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by example, the invention will be further described.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of stereo cultivation method of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum, the stereo cultivation method of this grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum comprises the following steps:
(1) planting unit is built
Described planting unit comprises between two support groups 1 and four root posts, 2, two support groups 1 separated by a distance, facilitates daily management to operate; The bottom of each support group 1 is provided with two pieces of bottom framves 3, bottom frame 3 is 15 ~ 20cm with the distance on ground, the top of support group 1 is provided with two pieces of middle level framves 4, middle level frame 4 is 80 ~ 120cm with the distance on ground, between two pieces of bottom framves 3, be provided with the intervallum 6 of certain distance between two pieces of middle level framves 4, be provided with two root posts 2 in intervallum 6, column 2 is fixing in the ground, be fixed on the top of column 2 in latticed top layer frame 5, top layer frame 5 is 170 ~ 200cm with the distance on ground.
(2) wine-growing
Select Early-mid ripening grape variety, in the ground, its tendril grows along column 2 and extends on top layer frame 5, plucks, and regulate and control mutually vine after grape maturity in plantation; Described vine regulates and controls to comprise after grape fruit gathered and terminated summer mutually, imposes appropriate fruit picking fertile, recovers tree vigo(u)r, and control sublateral shoot growth; After strawberry field planting about 7 days, prune, remove intersection branch to grape, parallel branch is by adjacent two branches one is long and the other is short retraction, and namely long shoot stays 5-6 bud, brachyplast stays 2-3 bud, so circulates; Before strawberry buddings, carry out priming leaf to grape, long shoot every only stays top 2 leaf, and brachyplast does not stay leaf; At the beginning of 11 ends to 12 month, extract the blade on all grape branches, to increase light transmittance.
(3) strawberry cultivating
In annual 8, September, select overhead strawberry cultivars to be planted on the middle level frame 4 of described planting unit, adopt overhead strawberry substrate culture method to carry out cultivation operation; Middle level frame 4 is provided with cultivating groove, liquid manure supply and remaining liquid recoverer, is provided with matrix in cultivating groove, and strawberry cultivating, in the Medium Culture of cultivating groove, is provided with nutrient solution in liquid manure supply and remaining liquid recoverer, is regulated and controled, realize the normal growth of strawberry by nutrient solution.In whole implant system, strawberry cultivating system is relatively independent, less to the interference of grape, dendrobium candidum.
(4) dendrobium candidum plantation
The bottom frame 3 of described planting unit adopts cave coil planting type plantation dendrobium candidum, and illumination management is carried out to dendrobium candidum; Described illumination management is included in and utilizes summer the grape tendril on top layer frame 5 to shelter from heat or light, lower the temperature for dendrobium candidum; Enter illumination condition after autumn to weaken, logical light is pruned to the grape on top layer frame 5 in good time; Winter temperature reduces further, and sunshine is not enough, and being provided with light compensating lamp at the lower surface of described middle level frame 4, opening when deficiency at sunshine, is dendrobium candidum light filling; After Second Year beginning of spring, temperature gos up, illumination strengthens, From Strawberry Leaves tachyauxesis, in time cleaning strawberry Lao Ye, improves the illumination condition of dendrobium candidum under frame; To the end of spring and the beginning of summer, strawberry commodity significantly reduces, and excavates strawberry in time; Now, grape branches and leaves also enter for a long time prosperous, and branches and leaves too much can affect the illumination of the dendrobium candidum on bottom frame 3, carry out pinching control in time to grape.
(5) daily management
1. cultivation matrix sterilization: first 20 days of strawberry, dendrobium candidum field planting, the matrix of flood shower cultivation 3 times, then carries out disinfection by the Ozone Water of 8-10mg/L concentration, its average attack rate is significantly reduced;
2. breeding time safe medication: plant fertility early stage preferred jamaicin, Trichoderma, one in gyplure is as biologic product, the prevention and elimination of disease and pests of mixed mineral oil, the Ozone Water being 8-10mg/L at grape, strawberry, dendrobium candidum picking period working concentration prevents and treats the Major Diseases such as gray mold, powdery mildew, anthracnose, generally with about 5 days with once more moderate;
Under planting unit, plant natural grass and introduce a fine variety the green manure such as clover, and spending more plant, increasing natural enemy monoid kind and quantity, reducing pest population density, strengthening Diversity of Arthropod Communities and stability, thus reach the object of nature pest controlling.
Claims (7)
1. a stereo cultivation method for grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum, is characterized in that the stereo cultivation method of this grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum comprises the following steps:
(1) planting unit is built
Described planting unit comprises support group, column, bottom frame, middle level frame and top layer frame, and support group and column are separately fixed at ground, and bottom frame is fixed on the bottom of support group, and middle level frame is fixed on the top of support group, and top layer frame is fixed on the top of column;
(2) wine-growing
Select Early-mid ripening grape variety, in the ground, its tendril grows along column and extends on top layer frame, plucks, and regulate and control mutually vine after grape maturity in plantation.
(3) strawberry cultivating
In annual 8, September, select overhead strawberry cultivars to be planted on the middle level frame of described planting unit, adopt substrate culture method to carry out cultivation operation.
(4) dendrobium candidum plantation
Dendrobium candidum planted by the bottom frame of described planting unit, illumination management is carried out to dendrobium candidum.
(5) daily management
Described daily management comprises damage by disease and insect bionomic control, adopts current to rinse the cultivation matrix of method to strawberry and dendrobium candidum combined with high-concentrated ozone water sterilization and carries out disinfection; Plant fertility preferred biological agent in early stage, the anti-worm of curing the disease of mineral matter; High-concentration ozone water controlling disease is used in grape, strawberry, dendrobium candidum picking period; Plant is spent more at planting unit and periphery plantation.
2. the stereo cultivation method of a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, to is characterized in that during described step (2) that vine regulates and controls to comprise after grape fruit gathered and terminated summer mutually, imposes appropriate fruit picking fertile, recover tree vigo(u)r, and control sublateral shoot growth; After strawberry field planting about 7 days, prune, remove intersection branch to grape, parallel branch is by adjacent two branches one is long and the other is short retraction, and namely long shoot stays 5-6 bud, brachyplast stays 2-3 bud, so circulates; Before strawberry buddings, carry out priming leaf to grape, long shoot every only stays top 2 leaf, and brachyplast does not stay leaf; At the beginning of 11 ends to 12 month, extract the blade on all grape branches, to increase light transmittance.
3. the stereo cultivation method of a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the middle level frame during described step is (3) provided with cultivating groove, liquid manure supply and remaining liquid recoverer, matrix is provided with in cultivating groove, strawberry cultivating is in the Medium Culture of cultivating groove, nutrient solution is provided with in liquid manure supply and remaining liquid recoverer, regulated and controled by nutrient solution, realize the normal growth of strawberry.
4. the stereo cultivation method of a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, the illumination management that it is characterized in that during described step is (4) is included in and utilizes summer the grape tendril on top layer frame to shelter from heat or light, lower the temperature for dendrobium candidum; Enter and logical light is pruned to the grape on top layer frame after autumn; Sunshine in winter is not enough, and being provided with light compensating lamp at the lower surface of described middle level frame, opening when deficiency at sunshine, is dendrobium candidum light filling; Cleaning strawberry Lao Ye in time after Second Year beginning of spring, improves the illumination condition of dendrobium candidum under frame; To the end of spring and the beginning of summer, excavate strawberry in time, and pinching control is carried out to grape.
5. the stereo cultivation method of a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described planting unit comprises two support groups, separated by a distance between two support groups; The bottom of each support group is provided with two pieces of bottom framves, and the top of support group is provided with two pieces of middle level framves, and between two pieces of bottom framves, be provided with the intervallum of certain distance between two pieces of middle level framves, two root posts are fixed in intervallum, and top layer frame is fixed on the top of column.
6. the stereo cultivation method of a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the distance on described bottom frame and ground is 15 ~ 20cm, the distance on middle level frame and ground is 80 ~ 120cm, and the distance on top layer frame and ground is 170 ~ 200cm.
7. the stereo cultivation method of a kind of grape-strawberry-dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, is characterized in that the daily management during described step is (5) comprises:
1. cultivation matrix sterilization: first 20 days of strawberry, dendrobium candidum field planting, the matrix of flood shower cultivation 3 times, then carries out disinfection by the Ozone Water of 8-10mg/L concentration;
2. breeding time safe medication: plant fertility early stage preferred biological agent, mineral matter prevention and elimination of disease and pests, use high-concentration ozone water controlling disease in grape, strawberry, dendrobium candidum picking period.
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| CN106035036A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Water culturing device suitable for whole-growing-period testing of soybean |
| CN106818305A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | 贵州省武陵山药用植物白芨开发有限公司 | A kind of dendrobium candidum imitating wild planting system and dendrobium candidum implantation methods |
| CN107114202A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-09-01 | 广西大学 | A kind of dendrobium candidum interplants the efficient cultivation method of grape |
| CN107235763A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-10-10 | 江西九草铁皮石斛科技协同创新有限公司 | A kind of interplanting method of dendrobium candidum and Kiwi berry |
| CN108513860A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-11 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | A kind of device of spatial planting of edible fungi |
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| CN114651662A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-24 | 湖南农业大学 | Greenhouse strawberry and grape stereoscopic planting method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105918082A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-09-07 | 曾庆涛 | Soilless culture method based on ecological circulation system |
| CN106035036A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Water culturing device suitable for whole-growing-period testing of soybean |
| CN106818305A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | 贵州省武陵山药用植物白芨开发有限公司 | A kind of dendrobium candidum imitating wild planting system and dendrobium candidum implantation methods |
| CN107114202A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-09-01 | 广西大学 | A kind of dendrobium candidum interplants the efficient cultivation method of grape |
| CN107235763A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-10-10 | 江西九草铁皮石斛科技协同创新有限公司 | A kind of interplanting method of dendrobium candidum and Kiwi berry |
| CN108513860A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-11 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | A kind of device of spatial planting of edible fungi |
| CN108513860B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2023-10-24 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | Device for three-dimensionally planting edible fungi |
| CN111066563A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Multi-span greenhouse strawberry and grape stereoscopic planting method |
| CN114651662A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-24 | 湖南农业大学 | Greenhouse strawberry and grape stereoscopic planting method |
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