CN105405995B - 用于电动自行车的蓄电池箱 - Google Patents

用于电动自行车的蓄电池箱 Download PDF

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CN105405995B
CN105405995B CN201510547066.7A CN201510547066A CN105405995B CN 105405995 B CN105405995 B CN 105405995B CN 201510547066 A CN201510547066 A CN 201510547066A CN 105405995 B CN105405995 B CN 105405995B
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battery
housing
electric bicycle
communication
frame
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CN105405995A (zh
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米切尔·杰夫·拉斯马森
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B62M6/80—Accessories, e.g. power sources; Arrangements thereof
    • B62M6/90—Batteries
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    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
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Abstract

一种用于电动自行车的蓄电池箱，包括蓄电池以及封闭蓄电池的外壳。该外壳包括进气口以及与该进气口连通的排气口以穿过外壳引导气流以冷却蓄电池。可调节的通风装置设置在排气口处用于将气流以选择的方向从排气口偏离，诸如朝向电动自行车的乘员。

Description

用于电动自行车的蓄电池箱
背景技术
电动自行车——诸如自行车、三轮车、卧式三轮车、独轮车等——包括车架和可旋转地安装在车架上的一个或多个车轮。电动马达被连接到车轮来为车轮提供动力以及蓄电池被连接到电动马达来为电动马达提供动力。电动自行车可以仅由电动马达推进或可以通过电力以及人工踩踏板的组合推进。
当在电动自行车上骑行时驾驶电动自行车的乘员可能会感觉变冷。举例来说，当骑行时迎着乘员的风可能会使乘员感到寒冷。当乘员在温暖的户外气温时穿着轻便的服装时这可能会特别普遍。这样温暖的户外气温在与在电动自行车上骑行相关的速度时对于乘员可能会感到相对寒冷。作为另一示例，乘员可能在电动自行车上骑行到专业办公场所，在该情况下，乘员可能穿着职业装，例如，女性乘员可能穿着裙装，男性乘员可能穿着薄的便裤等，这些可能都不足以在自行车上的骑行过程中使乘员保持温暖。
电动自行车可以包括面板、舱室等，在电动自行车上骑行时用于挡风。然而，这样的部件不足以使乘员感到温暖，特别是当户外气温很冷时。
就此而言，选择性地向电动自行车的乘员提供热量的机会依然存在。
附图说明
图1为电动自行车的透视图；
图2为电动自行车的一部分的放大的视图，电动自行车包括安装在电动自行车的车架上的蓄电池箱；
图3为蓄电池箱的剖视图，其具有封闭蓄电池箱的内容物的外壳；
图4为支撑在安装段上的蓄电池箱的外壳和内容物的安装段的平面图；
图5为电动自行车的一部分的正面图，该电动自行车具有安装到电动自行车的车架上的蓄电池箱以及具有围绕车架限定在外壳中的进气口；
图6为具有远离外壳分解的通风孔的蓄电池箱的透视图；
图7为蓄电池箱的第二实施例的剖视图；
图8为图7的蓄电池箱的一部分的平面图；以及
图9为图7的蓄电池箱的原理图。
具体实施方式
参考附图，其中相同的附图标记贯穿多个附图指代相同的部件，电动自行车10包含车架12，其限定被配置为由乘员(未示出)占据的乘员区域14。蓄电池箱16由车架12支撑并包括蓄电池18和封闭蓄电池18的外壳20。外壳20包括进气口22和排气口24。排气口24与进气口22连通并面向乘员区域14以允许气流从外壳20内侧朝向乘员区域14。
蓄电池18在运行过程中产生热量以及外壳20中的蓄电池18和/或其他部件可以为对热敏感的以及当加热到足够的温度时可能被损坏。参考图3，排气口24与进气口22连通以将气流(例如在图3中以箭头总体示出)引导通过外壳20以冷却蓄电池18。同样地，外壳20内侧从进气口22到排气口24的气流将热量从外壳20移除以冷却外壳20中的空气，其冷却外壳20中的蓄电池18和/或其他部件。具体地，气流随着电动自行车10向前推进而被迫进入进气口22中。
继续参考图3，从进气口22到排气口24的气流通过蓄电池18产生的热量加热。由于排气口24面向乘员区域14，离开排气口24的该加热的气流被朝向乘员区域14中的乘员进行引导。同样地，加热的气流可以用于使乘员温暖。由于该加热的气流为冷却蓄电池18的副产物，所以可以用于使乘员温暖的该加热的气流在没有附加的费用和/或能量消耗的情况下产生。
电动自行车10可以为任何适合的类型。举例来说，电动自行车10可以为自行车、三轮车、卧式三轮车、独轮车等。电动自行车10包括可旋转地安装在车架12上的一个或多个车轮26。举例来说，在附图中所示的电动自行车10为包括两个车轮26的自行车。
参考图1，电动马达28被连接到车轮26的至少一个上用来为车轮26提供动力。如附图所示，电动马达28可以支撑在车轮26上。作为一种选择，电动马达28可以支撑在电动自行车10的车架12上。例如，电动马达28可以通过电线或以任何其他适当的方式连接到蓄电池18用来为电动马达28提供动力。电动马达28可以为任意适当的类型。
举例来说，车轮26可以包括连接到车架12的轮毂30以及可旋转地连接到轮毂30的轮辋32。轮胎——例如利用空气可充气的轮胎——可以安装到轮辋32上。马达28可以设置在轮毂30和轮辋32之间以围绕轮辋32旋转轮毂30。
电动自行车10可以仅由电动马达28推进或可选择地可以通过电动马达28和人工踩踏板的组合推进。举例来说，电动自行车10可以包括例如通过皮带和齿轮系统连接到车轮26的至少一个的踏板34以用于人工踩踏板从而旋转车轮26。
接着参考图1，车架12可以由管状梁组成，举例来说，该管状梁由钢、铝、钛、碳纤维等组成。作为一种选择，车架12可以具有任何适当的结构并可以由任何适当的材料组成。车架12可以支撑任何适当的部件，诸如车座36、把手38等。该电动自行车10可以包括支撑在车架12上用于在电动自行车10的运行过程中保护乘员区域14不会被风吹的面板(未示出)、舱室(未示出)等。
如上所述，乘员区域14被配置为由乘员占据。也就是说，当操作电动自行车10时，乘员区域14具有承接乘员的尺寸和形状。乘员区域14可以具有承接处于就座位置的乘员以使乘员可以从就座位置操作电动自行车10的尺寸和形状。此外或作为一种选择，乘员区域14可以具有使得乘员可以从其他位置(未示出)——诸如站立位置、跪坐位置等——操作电动自行车10的尺寸和形状。乘员区域14可以具有承接超过一个的乘员(未示出)的尺寸和形状。
乘员区域14可以限定在把手38和车座36之间，即，可以由乘员占据的把手38和车座36之间的空间。乘员区域14可以通过支撑在车架12上的面板、舱室等进行保护和/或封闭(未示出)。
蓄电池18可以为任意适当的类型。举例来说，蓄电池18可以为锂离子蓄电池18。蓄电池18可以包括设置在任意适当数量的组40中的任意适当数量的蓄电池单元。举例来说，在附图中所示的蓄电池18包括两个组40(每个都包括22个蓄电池单元)。该蓄电池18通过外部电源(未示出)可再充电。举例来说，外壳20可以支撑与蓄电池18连接的插座(未示出)用于将蓄电池18通过电缆连接到外部电源。此外或作为一种选择，电动自行车10可以通过再生制动对蓄电池18进行再充电。
参考图3和4，外壳20限定承接蓄电池18的腔体42。风道——即空气可以流通的路径——穿过腔体42从进气口22延伸到排气口24。
用于控制电动自行车10的马达的马达控制器44可以支撑在腔体42中。功率逆变器(未标注附图标记)可以被连接到马达控制器44。风道可以横穿马达控制器44和/或功率逆变器延伸。散热器(未标注附图标记)可以设置在马达控制器44和/或功率逆变器上以将热量从马达控制器44和/或功率逆变器传递到气流。
外壳20被配置为保护外壳20的内容物，例如，蓄电池18。举例来说，外壳20可以在结构上保护该内容物。外壳20可以包括结构加固部(未示出)，例如肋。外壳20还可以将一些内容物(例如，灵敏的电子元件)密封在外壳20内侧以将其与可以通过进气口22进入外壳20的水和湿气隔离。如图3和7所示，外壳20可以限定一个或多个排水孔84以排出外壳20中的水。
外壳20可以由塑料制成。作为一种选择，外壳20可以由用于保护外壳20的内容物的任何适当的材料制成。外壳20可以支撑任何适当的部件，诸如插口、插头、USB插头、端口、以及任何适当的外部硬件。
参考图3，外壳20可以包括用于安装到车架12的安装段46以及可移除地连接到安装段46以提供到外壳20的内容物的通道的盖48。腔体42限定在安装段46和盖48之间。盖48可以以任何适当的方式连接到安装段46，例如，如图3中最佳地示出的铰链50。如图1-3以及4-5所示，当盖48处于相对于安装段46的关闭位置时，盖48可以以任何适当的方式——例如，以夹子、卡扣、扣钩等——锁紧到安装段46。
参考图1-3以及5，安装段46的外壳20被安装到电动自行车10的车架12上。具体地，外壳20被配置为安装到电动自行车10的车架12上。举例来说，如图1和2中所示，外壳20具有围绕车架12延伸的尺寸和形状。安装段46可以以任何适当的方式固定到车架12。举例来说，安装段46可以利用紧固件(未示出)固定到车架12。该安装段46可以包括防盗部件。
如上所述，风道从进气口22延伸到出气口24以及气流。参考图1和3-5，进气口22背对乘员区域14以随着电动自行车10向前移动而吸入空气。换句话说，进气口22面朝前方以使气流随着电动自行车10向前推进而被迫进入进气口22中。蓄电池箱16可以限定任意适当数量的进气口22。举例来说，附图中所示的蓄电池箱16包括两个进气口22。
举例来说，进气口22由格栅52覆盖以防止垃圾进入进气口22。格栅52可以被配置为可以将进入进气口22的水分解为较小的水滴。如图3和7所示，格栅52可以限定突出部86以将水引导远离进气口22。外壳可以包括与进气口22相邻的挡板(未示出)以使通过进气口22进入外壳20的水偏离。
如图3和7所示，气流改变从进气口22到排气口24的方向。由于该方向上的变化，已经通过进气口22进入的任何的水都从空气分离并通过重力落下。这些水可以通过排水孔84排出。如图3和7所示，进气口22向下倾斜，其可以辅助防止雨水或飞溅的水进入到进口气22中。
参考图1，车架12从蓄电池箱16朝向乘员区域14向后延伸。具体地，车架12从蓄电池箱16朝向踏板34向下及向后延伸以及从踏板34向车座36向上延伸。如上所述，乘员区域14限定在蓄电池箱16以及车座36之间。
至少一个可调节的通气孔54设置在排气口24处用于使气流以所选择的方向从排气口24偏离。具体地，如图2和6所示，蓄电池箱16包括两个可调节的通气孔54。
可调节的通气孔54在至少一个方向上是可调节的。举例来说，可调节的通气孔54可以包括对气流进行导向的至少一个叶片56。具体地，参考图6，可调节的通气孔54可以包括相互连接以作为一单元一起同时移动的多个叶片56。用于调节叶片的指柄(finger-grip)58可以设置在其中一个叶片上。
可调节的通气孔54可以包括安装在外壳20上并支撑一个或多个叶片56的框架60。举例来说，一个或多个叶片56可以枢转地连接到框架60以对气流进行导向并可以作为一单元相对框架60一起同时移动。具体地，参考图6，可调节的通气孔54包括多个叶片56，其连接到框架60并相互连接以作为一单元相对于车架12一起同时移动。框架60可以固定到外壳20或可以可移动地连接到外壳20(例如，可枢转地)以向对来自排气口24的气流的调整增加另一自由度。
可调节的通气孔54可以包括横向于至少一个叶片56的至少一个其他的叶片62。举例来说，可调节的通气孔54可以包括枢转地连接到车架12的多个叶片62，其横向于叶片56。叶片56和叶片62可以为独立可调节的。同样地，叶片56和叶片62在两个方向上提供对气流的调节。指柄58可以被连接到叶片56和叶片62二者上以调节叶片56和叶片62。
蓄电池箱16可以包括与进气口22连通并面向乘员区域14的附加的排气口64。该排气口64可以选择性地打开和关闭。举例来说，如图3所示，挡板66可以与排气口24连通以打开和关闭排气口24。如图2和3所示，挡板66可以被连接到由外壳20滑动地支撑的滑动开关68以在打开和关闭位置之间移动挡板66。作为一种选择，排气口64可以以任何适当的方式打开和关闭。此外或作为对挡板66的一种选择，一个或多个叶片(未示出)可以在排气口24处由外壳支撑以将气流引导离开排气口24。
参考图3，气流沿着蓄电池18延伸以将来自蓄电池18的热量以及环绕蓄电池18的空气传递到气流以冷却蓄电池18。在图3中指示气流的箭头包括底纹变化以表明从进气口22到排气口24的气流的加热。这个加热的气流可以通过排气口24从外壳离开。
参考图3和4，散热器70可以与蓄电池18连通以将热量从蓄电池18移除。这个风道可以横穿散热器70延伸以辅助热量由蓄电池18向气流的传递。散热器70可以具有任何适当的结构以促进热传递。
如图3中所示，在运行中，随着电动自行车10向前推进，空气被迫进入进气口22中以引起气流穿过蓄电池18和/或马达控制器44。这个气流冷却蓄电池18和/或马达控制器44以及作为结果，该气流被加热。电动自行车10的乘员可以将这个加热的气流朝向乘员或使用通风孔54远离乘员进行引导。乘员还可以选择性打开以及关闭附加的排气口64以改变朝向乘员引导的加热的气流的方向和量。
参考图7-9，蓄电池箱16可以包括设置在外壳20中的风扇72以使气流从进气口22被迫进入排气口24。举例来说，如图8中所示，蓄电池箱16可以包括超过一个风扇72。举例来说，每个风扇72可以与一个排气口24相邻地设置以迫使空气通过排气口24。风扇72可以为任何适当的类型以及处于任何适当的位置以将气流通过进气口22吸入和/或迫使空气从腔体42通过排气口24。
参考图9，蓄电池箱16可以包括与一个或多个风扇72连通的控制器74以控制风扇72。控制器74可以与蓄电池18连通以控制从蓄电池18到风扇72的电力传递。控制器74可以通过将风扇72开启/关闭以及和/或通过控制风扇72的速度来控制风扇72。
控制器74可以根据任何适当标准控制风扇72。举例来说，控制器74可以根据腔体42中的空气的温度和/或根据从排气口24向乘员区域14的气流的所期望的排出控制给风扇72的电力。
蓄电池箱16可以包括设置在外壳20中并与控制器74连通的温度传感器76。温度传感器76感测腔体42中的空气温度以及将测量值传送给控制器74。控制器74可以被编程为根据通过温度传感器76的温度测量值调节一个或多个风扇72。举例来说，控制器74可以被编程为当温度传感器76感测到温度超过最大阈值时开启和/或增加一个或多个风扇72的速度，例如，为了在损害之前冷却蓄电池18和/或马达控制器44。温度传感器76可以设置在外壳20内的任意适当的位置以及蓄电池箱16可以包括任何适当数量的温度传感器76。
参考图7-9，蓄电池箱16可以包括设置在外壳20中并与控制器74连通的加热元件78。控制器74可以被编程为将电力从蓄电池18供应至加热元件78以在腔体42中产生热量用来将随后朝向乘员区域14进行引导的气流加热。也就是说，加热元件78可以被操作为产生除了由蓄电池18和/或马达控制器44产生的热量之外的热量以将离开排气口24的空气加热到期望的温度来使乘员温暖。加热元件78可以为任意适当的类型，例如，由电阻加热的螺旋形元件。
参考图7和9，蓄电池箱16可以包括至少一个输入部件80、82以控制通过排气口24离开蓄电池箱16的空气的温度和/或速度。举例来说，蓄电池箱16可以支撑调节风扇72的速度的风扇速度输入部件80以及调节离开蓄电池箱16的气流温度的温度输入部件82。该风扇速度输入部件80和温度输入部件82可以为任何适当的类型，例如，旋钮、拨盘、图形用户界面等。
风扇速度输入部件80与控制器74连通。控制器74可以被编程为基于风扇速度输入部件80调节风扇72的速度。
温度输入部件82与控制器74连通。如上所述，外壳20中的空气的温度的测量值从温度传感器76传送到控制器74。该控制器74可以被编程为基于来自温度传感器76的测量值以及从温度输入部件82到控制器74的输入来控制传送到加热元件78的电力。举例来说，如果腔体42中的空气的温度太低而不能满足乘员在温度输入部件82上的期望的设定，则控制器74被编程为基于温度输入部件82的设定将电力供应到加热元件78。举例来说，控制器74可以包括或可以被配置为恒温器。
本说明书已经以示例性的方式描述，以及应当理解的是所使用的术语意为以词语表达其说明书的性质而非说明书的限制。本说明书的许多改进和变形根据以上教导是可行的，以及该说明书可以以除了具体描述的以外的其他方式实践。

Claims (18)

1.一种蓄电池箱，包含：
蓄电池；
外壳，其封闭所述蓄电池并包括进气口和排气口，所述排气口与所述进气口连通以引导气流通过所述外壳以冷却所述蓄电池；以及
可调节的通风装置，其设置在所述排气口处用于将所述气流以选择的方向从所述排气口偏离；
进一步包含加热元件，所述加热元件由所述蓄电池供应电力；
进一步包含由所述外壳限定的与所述进气口连通的附加的排气口、以及与所述附加的排气口连通以用于打开以及关闭所述附加的排气口的挡板以改变朝向乘员引导的加热的气流的方向和量；
所述挡板被连接到由所述外壳滑动地支撑的滑动开关以在打开和关闭位置之间移动挡板。
2.如权利要求1所述的蓄电池箱，其中所述可调节的通风装置包括车架以及叶片，所述叶片枢转地连接到安装在所述外壳上的框架以引导所述气流。
3.如权利要求2所述的蓄电池箱，进一步包含另一叶片，所述另一叶片枢转地连接到所述框架并横向于所述叶片。
4.如权利要求2所述的蓄电池箱，其中所述外壳被配置为安装到电动自行车的所述车架上。
5.如权利要求1所述的蓄电池箱，进一步包含与所述蓄电池连通的散热器以及从所述进气口向所述排气口延伸并横穿所述散热器延伸的风道。
6.如权利要求1所述的蓄电池箱，进一步包含风扇，所述风扇设置在所述外壳中用于迫使气流从所述进气口到所述排气口。
7.如权利要求6所述的蓄电池箱，进一步包含与所述风扇连通的控制器以及与所述控制器连通的温度传感器。
8.如权利要求7所述的蓄电池箱，所述加热元件设置在所述外壳中并与所述控制器连通。
9.如权利要求1所述的蓄电池箱，进一步包含控制器，所述控制器被编程为控制电动自行车的马达。
10.一种电动自行车，包含：
车架，其限定被配置为由乘员占据的乘员区域；以及
蓄电池箱，其由所述车架支撑并包括蓄电池以及封闭所述蓄电池的外壳；
所述外壳包括进气口和排气口，所述排气口与所述进气口连通并面向所述乘员区域以允许从所述外壳内侧朝向所述乘员区域的气流；
进一步包含加热元件，所述加热元件由所述蓄电池供应电力；
进一步包含与所述进气口连通并面向所述乘员区域的附加的排气口、以及与所述附加的排气口连通用于打开以及关闭所述附加的排气口的挡板以改变朝向乘员引导的加热的气流的方向和量；
所述挡板被连接到由所述外壳滑动地支撑的滑动开关以在打开和关闭位置之间移动挡板。
11.如权利要求10所述的电动自行车，进一步包含可调节的通风装置，所述可调节的通风装置设置在所述排气口处用于将所述气流以选择的方向从所述排气口偏离。
12.如权利要求11所述的电动自行车，其中所述可调节的通风装置包括框架以及叶片，所述叶片枢转地连接到所述框架以引导所述气流。
13.如权利要求12所述的电动自行车，进一步包含枢转地连接到所述框架、横向于所述叶片的另一叶片。
14.如权利要求10所述的电动自行车，其中所述进气口背对所述乘员区域以随着所述电动自行车向前移动来吸入空气。
15.如权利要求10所述的电动自行车，进一步包含与所述蓄电池连通的散热器以及从所述进气口向所述排气口延伸并横穿所述散热器延伸的风道。
16.如权利要求10所述的电动自行车，进一步包含风扇，所述风扇设置在所述外壳中用于迫使气流从所述进气口到所述排气口。
17.如权利要求16所述的电动自行车，进一步包含与所述风扇连通的控制器、设置在所述外壳中并与所述控制器连通的温度传感器、以及设置在所述外壳中并与所述控制器连通的加热元件。
18.如权利要求10所述的电动自行车，进一步包含马达以及控制器，所述控制器设置在所述外壳中、被编程为控制所述马达。
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