CN105380005A - Moringa oleifera fish feed and preparation method of moringa oleifera fish feed as well as culturing method of fish - Google Patents

Abstract

A moringa fish feed, its preparation method and fish breeding method, the feed consists of moringa, flour, lactic acid bacteria, sucrose and water. When preparing, pour the aerated water into the fermentation tank and let it stand still, then add lactic acid bacteria and sucrose and stir evenly, after one day of fermentation, mix it with the Moringa oleifera of the second and above ages after cutting into sections and flour in proportion Mix evenly and soak together in the fermentation tank for 30 minutes, so that the lactic acid bacteria can fully attach to the Moringa oleifera, and then they can be used for feeding. The invention optimizes the intestinal microbial flora by feeding after fermentation, promotes the digestion and absorption of grass carp, and improves the traditional method of single feed or forage feeding; the commercial adult fish has comprehensive nutrition and balanced amino acid composition; the meat quality and taste are improved, It also improves the immunity of grass carp.

Description

A kind of moringa fish feed and its preparation method and fish breeding method

technical field

The invention relates to a fish feed, in particular to a feed for grass carp for bulk freshwater fish cultivation, a preparation method of the feed, and a fish breeding method when the feed is used.

Background technique

Grass carp is one of the four major fish in my country, commonly known as grass carp, oil carp, grass carp, white carp, etc., and its English name: Grasscarp. Distributed in major water systems in my country, it is very popular in domestic and foreign markets. Grass carp can completely feed on aquatic higher plants when its body length is more than 10 cm. It is a typical herbivorous fish. The types of plants it eats also change with the status of food resources in the living environment. At present, grass carp is mostly fed with feed. The abuse of various antibiotics during the feeding process, and the impact of residual bait on the water quality of the culture, etc., can lead to a significant decline in grass carp meat quality and taste, and more frequent diseases. With the environmental protection requirements of returning to the blue sky and green water and returning to nature, the increasing living standards also have higher and higher requirements for food materials. Updates and improvements.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a moringa feed for grass carp with simple ingredients and easy preparation, and a method for cultivating grass carp using the moringa feed. The grass carp grown is called "moringa carp".

The present invention solves the problems as follows.

The invention discloses a fish feed of Moringa oleifera, which is composed of Moringa oleifera, flour, lactic acid bacteria, sucrose and water. The components are 10 parts of Moringa oleifera, 1 part of flour, 1 part of lactic acid bacteria, 1 part, appropriate amount of water. Wherein, the Moringa generally refers to leaves, seeds, branches, stems and roots of Moringa, and the water is aerated water.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of the Moringa fish feed, the steps of which are as follows:

Step 1, inject the aerated water into the fermentation tank, the water level is appropriate and let stand slightly;

Step 2, pour the lactic acid bacteria into the fermentation tank and add sucrose and stir evenly;

Step 3, after the lactic acid bacteria liquid is fermented for one day, the Moringa oleifera of the second and above ages is cut into 20-30cm Moringa segments and mixed evenly with the flour in a ratio of 10:1 the next day;

Step 4, put the moringa section described in step 3 into the fermentation tank and soak for 30 minutes, so that the lactic acid bacteria can be used for feeding after fully attaching to the moringa.

Described Moringa oleifera, cruciferous, cauliflower suborder, Moringaceae, Moringa genus tree, height 3～12 meters, bark cork, originate in India, also known as drumstick tree, is perennial tropical tree Deciduous trees. Moringa leaves and fruit pods are rich in various minerals, vitamins, 20 kinds of amino acids, 46 kinds of antioxidants, 36 kinds of natural anti-inflammatory substances and minerals. The vitamin C contained in 100 grams of Moringa is 7 times that of citrus, iron is 3 times that of spinach, vitamin A is 4 times that of carrots, calcium is 4 times that of milk, potassium is 3 times that of bananas, and protein is 4 times that of yogurt. 2 times.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: firstly, the method of expanding and fermenting lactic acid bacteria and attaching them to Moringa oleifera can optimize the intestinal microbial flora to promote the digestion and absorption of grass carp; The traditional breeding method of feeding higher plants such as ryegrass and elephant grass.

Second, feeding grass carp with Moringa oleifera can be used as an alternative source of some protein, saving animal protein and feed costs; after testing, commercial adult fish have comprehensive nutrition and balanced amino acid composition.

Third, if grass carp is fed with Moringa, the shape of the commercial adult fish is more regular and cylindrical, and the body color is brighter. It can also be distinguished from the appearance that the grass carp "Moringa" raised by Moringa is different from the traditional one. Grass carp obtained by farming methods.

Fourth, the meat quality and taste are improved. The meat of commercial fish is chewy, tender and refreshing, and there is little or no peritoneum in the abdomen.

Fifth, it improves the immunity of grass carp. Feeding nutrient-rich probiotics such as Moringa and lactic acid bacteria has greatly improved the disease resistance of fish, improved the microbial flora, and reduced the incidence of diseases during the breeding process. Therefore, the immunity of "Moringa carp" is far away. It is better than the traditional grass carp that is simply fed with feed or higher plants.

detailed description

The invention discloses a Moringa fish feed and a preparation method thereof. The feed consists of Moringa oleifera, flour, lactic acid bacteria, sucrose and water. The components are 10 parts by weight of Moringa oleifera, 1 part of flour, 1 part of lactic acid bacteria, 1 part of sucrose and an appropriate amount of water. Wherein, the Moringa generally refers to leaves, seeds, branches, stems and roots of Moringa, and the water is aerated water.

The preparation steps of this Moringa fish feed are as follows,

Step 1, inject the well water after aeration into the fermentation tank, the water level is appropriate and let stand slightly;

Step 2, pour the lactic acid bacteria into the fermentation tank and add sucrose and stir evenly;

Step 3, after the lactic acid bacteria liquid is fermented for one day, the Moringa oleifera of the second and above ages is cut into 20-30cm Moringa segments and mixed evenly with the flour in a ratio of 10:1 the next day;

Step 4, put the moringa section described in step 3 into the fermentation tank and soak for 30 minutes, so that the lactic acid bacteria can be used for feeding after fully attaching to the moringa.

According to the above Moringa feed, the present invention also provides the following Moringa carp breeding method with less fat, less drug residue, good body shape, bright color, good taste, good meat quality and rich nutrition. The steps are: adult fish selection, pond recuperation/bacteria fermentation and attachment, Moringa feeding and breeding. The specific operation method is as follows:

1. Adult fish selection

Choose a grass carp that is cylindrical in shape, with a slightly flattened head, flattened tail, light tea-yellow body color, blue-gray back, and grayish-white abdomen. Robust, consistent grass carp. Before putting them into the pond for recuperation, sampling inspections of malachite green, nitrofuran, chloramphenicol, and sandacins and other prohibited drugs must be carried out to strictly prevent unqualified grass carp from mixing into it, and strict disinfection must be carried out at the same time. Disinfection can be soaked with 10mg/L bleach powder or 8mg/L copper sulfate for about 20 minutes, or both drugs can be used at the same time, and 3%-5% saline solution can also be used to immerse the fish body for 20-30 minutes to disinfect and kill fish. Carried foreign pathogens reduce fish damage. From the recuperation period to before feeding, while the grass carp is being disinfected, strict disinfection measures must also be taken on the aquaculture water. Moringa is fed after the disinfectant fails to facilitate the production of probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria.

2. Rest

The mode of recuperation described here has pond recuperation, net cage recuperation and cement pond recuperation.

Pond recuperation: The grass carp recuperation pond requires an area within 6670m ² , a sunny location, sufficient water source, and water quality in line with national fishery water standards. The shape of the pond should be a rectangular pond that is long from east to west and wide from north to south. The ratio of length to width should be 1:3, and the ratio of pond to slope should be about 1:2. The depth of the pond is 2.5-3 meters, and the depth of aquaculture starts from 1.5 meters. As the fish grows up, the water can be gradually deepened until the highest water depth is 30-50 cm away from the embankment of the fish pond. The recuperation fish pond is easy to drain and irrigate, the bottom has 10-15 cm deep silt, and the soil quality has the ability of water retention, fertilizer retention and leakage prevention. During the recuperation period, it needs to be flushed for about hours every morning and evening. During the recuperation period, no food is fed, and water is continuously added by flushing every day, and water is released by adjusting the water level of the overflow port to form flowing water with a flow rate of 0.3m/s. The flowing water is used to stimulate the movement of grass carp and excrete it from the body during swimming. Toxins, eliminate excess fat. In addition, it is necessary to insist on daily inspections in the morning, noon and evening, pay attention to the changes and adjustments of water quality, and try to ensure the water quality standards of "fat", "live", "tender" and "cool". The recuperation time is 1 month.

The method of cement pond recuperation is basically the same as that of pond recuperation, so it will not be described in detail here.

Recuperation in cages: Choose areas with open water, stable water levels, fresh water quality, and no pollution for water sources for farming, especially areas with gentle water flow such as river forks and bays that are not easily affected by floods. Put the sterilized adult fish into a net cage with a specification of 8m×6m×6m at a density of 6-8kg/ ^m for one month to recuperate.

Other management is also similar to pond culture.

3. Strain fermentation, attachment and feeding of Moringa

The pre-adult fish can be domesticated and fed Moringa after resting for 1 month. The general operation is to manually pour the lactic acid bacteria into a ³ ×3m2 cement pool or a container of similar size one day in advance, add sucrose and adequate aeration Stir the fresh water evenly. It should be noted here that 0.5% salt water should be sprayed and disinfected before feeding, and the added water should not be tap water or polluted water. Clean water after aeration should be used to cultivate Oxygenation was carried out continuously during the process. The next morning, the prepared Moringa stems or leafy Moringa branches of the second and above ages were chopped into 20-30cm Moringa segments and mixed with flour at a ratio of 10:1, and placed in the cultivation Soak in the pond for 30 minutes, so that the beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria are fully attached to the Moringa oleifera, and then put into the fixed feeding site in the recuperation pond. Feeding Moringa should be done in four ways - "timing", "qualitative", "quantitative" and "positioning". 15% to 25% of the fish body weight, and make appropriate adjustments according to the actual feeding situation. It is advisable to complete the feeding process within 2 hours. Finally, after feeding, the residual bait should be removed in time to keep the pond clean and clean to avoid Pollution of water quality.

In the process of continuous practice, we found that Moringa has a unique taste and soft texture for grass carp. After feeding Moringa, elephant grass, ryegrass, and broad beans for a month, the Moringa grass carp group and the elephant grass group , ryegrass group, and broad bean group, the Moringa group was higher than the other three groups in weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and survival rate. At the same time, through our many years of Moringa grass carp breeding, it is found that choosing Moringa leaves is the best in actual implementation, followed by Moringa seeds, and finally Moringa branches. Other management and recuperation steps are the same. The entire Moringa cultivation process takes about one month. During the cultivation process, it is necessary to inspect the pond in time, regularly test the water quality, take good disease prevention and control measures, and record the pond log.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of moringa fish feed, this feed is made up of moringa, flour, lactic acid bacteria, sucrose, water, and described each component is counted as 10 parts of moringa, 1 part of flour, 1 part of lactic acid bacteria, 1 part of sucrose by weight , appropriate amount of water. 2. Moringa fish feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that said Moringa generally refers to leaves, seeds, branches, stems and roots of Moringa, and said water is water after aeration. 3. the preparation method of Moringa fish feed according to claim 1 or 2, its steps are as follows, Step 1, inject the aerated water into the fermentation tank, the water level is appropriate and let stand slightly; Step 2, pour the lactic acid bacteria into the fermentation tank and add sucrose and stir evenly; Step 3, after the lactic acid bacteria liquid is fermented for one day, the Moringa oleifera of the second and above ages is cut into 20-30cm Moringa segments and mixed evenly with the flour in a ratio of 10:1 the next day; Step 4, put the moringa section described in step 3 into the fermentation tank and soak for 30 minutes, so that the lactic acid bacteria can be used for feeding after fully attaching to the moringa.