CN105380005A - Moringa oleifera fish feed and preparation method of moringa oleifera fish feed as well as culturing method of fish - Google Patents
Moringa oleifera fish feed and preparation method of moringa oleifera fish feed as well as culturing method of fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN105380005A CN105380005A CN201510838215.5A CN201510838215A CN105380005A CN 105380005 A CN105380005 A CN 105380005A CN 201510838215 A CN201510838215 A CN 201510838215A CN 105380005 A CN105380005 A CN 105380005A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 244000179886 Moringa oleifera Species 0.000 title abstract description 64
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
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- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229960005091 chloramphenicol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M malachite green Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940107698 malachite green Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- IAIWVQXQOWNYOU-FPYGCLRLSA-N nitrofural Chemical compound NC(=O)N\N=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 IAIWVQXQOWNYOU-FPYGCLRLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001907 nitrofurazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a moringa oleifera fish feed and a preparation method of the moringa oleifera fish feed as well as a culturing method of the fish. The feed is prepared from moringa oleifera, flour, lactic acid bacteria, saccharose and water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: during preparation, injecting aerated water into a fermenting tank for standing; then adding the lactic acid bacteria and the saccharose and uniformly stirring; fermenting for one day, uniformly mixing a fermented mixture with segmented moringa oleifera with tree age of two or above and the flour according to proportions; soaking the mixture in the fermenting tank for 30 minutes for fully adhering the lactic acid bacteria onto the moringa oleifera for feeding. According to the moringa oleifera feed and the preparation method of the moringa oleifera fish feed as well as the culturing method of the fish disclosed by the invention, the moringa oleifera feed is fermented and then fed, so that intestinal micropopulations are optimized, digestive absorption of grass carp is promoted and a traditional method of single feed or forage feeding is improved; the commercial adult fish is comprehensive in nutrition and the composition of amino acid is balanced; the meat quality and mouthfeel are improved, and the immunity of the grass carp is also improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish meal, refer to a kind of careless fish feed of large freshwater fish culturing and the preparation method of this feed especially and use the cultural method of this feed macrura reevesii.
Background technology
Grass carp is one of China four large Chinese carp, is commonly called as grass carp, oily grass carp, careless grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idellus etc., English name: Grasscarp.Be distributed in each large water system of China, deeply welcome by domestic and international market.Just can to ingest completely Aquatic Higher Plants during grass fish length more than 10 centimetres, be typical herbivorous fishes, its floristics of ingesting also changes to some extent along with the situation of food resource in living environment.At present, grass carp is raised mainly with the mode of feed of throwing something and feeding, and the process of feeding is no lack of the abuse of Multiple Classes of Antibiotics medicine, and residual bait is on the impact etc. of cultivation water, and grass carp meat and mouthfeel all can be caused greatly to decline, and disease is also more frequent.Along with also sky blue light green more and more higher with environmental requirement that is back to nature, the living standard day by day improved is also more and more higher to the requirement of food materials, therefore except selecting the grass carp seedling of high-quality and cultivating, also needs the various aspects to cultivation relates to carry out retrofit.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention need solve is to provide a kind of Easy dosing, preparation is easy to grass carp Moringa feed, and utilize the method for its cultivation grass carp, the grass carp of forming is called " Moringa grass carp ".
The present invention solves described problem by the following method.
The invention discloses a kind of Moringa fish meal, this feed is made up of Moringa, flour, lactic acid bacteria, sucrose, water, and described each component counts Moringa 10 parts, 1 part, flour, lactic acid bacteria 1 part, sucrose 1 part by weight, and water is appropriate.Wherein, leaf, seed, branch, stem, the root of described Moringa general reference Moringa, described water is the water after aeration.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of described Moringa fish meal, its step is as follows:
Step 1, injects fermentation vat by the water after aeration, and water level is appropriate and slightly standing;
Step 2, to pour into lactic acid bacteria in fermentation vat and adds sucrose and stir;
Step 3, lactobacillus suspension is after fermentation in a day, and the Moringa Duan Houyu flour Moringa of two ages and the above age of tree being cut in second day 20-30cm mixes in the ratio of 10:1;
Step 4, puts into fermentation vat and soaks 30 minutes, to make lactic acid bacteria fully be attached to after above Moringa, namely can be used for throwing something and feeding by the Moringa section described in step 3.
Described Moringa
moringaoleifera, cruciate flower order, Cauliflower suborder, Moringaceae, Moringa arbor, high 3 ~ 12 meters, bark cork matter, originates in India, and being also called drumstick tree, is perennial tropical deciduous tree.Moringa blade, fruit pod are rich in several mineral materials, vitamin, 20 seed amino acids, 46 kinds of antioxygen elements, 36 kinds of naturally anti-scorching bodies and mineral matters.The vitamin C contained in every 100 grams of Moringas is 7 times of oranges and tangerines, and iron is 3 times of spinach, and vitamin A is 4 times of carrot, and calcareous is 4 times of milk, and potassium is 3 times of banana, and protein is 2 times of Yoghourt.
The present invention compared with prior art, one, being spread cultivation by lactic acid bacteria fermentation adhere to the mode of throwing something and feeding with Moringa again, can optimize intestinal microflora thus promotion the digesting and assimilating of grass carp; Improve traditional cultural method of single throw something and feed feed or the single higher plant such as rye grass, napier grass of throwing something and feeding.
Its two, the alternate source of Partial Protein can be it can be used as very well with Moringa grass carp of throwing something and feeding, save animal protein, also save feed cost; After testing, commodity adult fish comprehensive nutrition, amino acid Compositional balance.
Its three, to throw something and feed grass carp with Moringa, commodity adult fish fish shape is more in regular cylindrical shape, and body colour is also more bright-coloured, from the grass carp that grass carp " Moringa grass carp " and traditional cultural method of the appearance also distinguishable Moringa cultivation that goes out to throw something and feed obtain.
Its four, meat and mouthfeel improve, and it is pure, soft, tasty and refreshing that commodity become meat quality of fish to chew strength, and the peritonaeum of belly does not seldom have even substantially.
Its five, improve the immunity of grass carp.The premunition of fish is substantially increased by the probios such as nutritious Moringa and lactic acid bacteria of throwing something and feeding, improve microorganism species, reduce the incidence of disease in breeding process, thus the immunity of " Moringa grass carp " is better than the grass carp of traditional throw something and feed merely feed or higher plant far away.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of Moringa fish meal and preparation method thereof.This feed is made up of Moringa, flour, lactic acid bacteria, sucrose, water, and described each component counts Moringa 10 parts, 1 part, flour, lactic acid bacteria 1 part, sucrose 1 part by weight, and water is appropriate.Wherein, leaf, seed, branch, stem, the root of described Moringa general reference Moringa, described water is the water after aeration.
The preparation process of this Moringa fish meal is as follows,
Step 1, injects fermentation vat by the well water after aeration, and water level is appropriate and slightly standing;
Step 2, to pour into lactic acid bacteria in fermentation vat and adds sucrose and stir;
Step 3, lactobacillus suspension is after fermentation in a day, and the Moringa Duan Houyu flour Moringa of two ages and the above age of tree being cut in second day 20-30cm mixes in the ratio of 10:1;
Step 4, puts into fermentation vat and soaks 30 minutes, to make lactic acid bacteria fully be attached to after above Moringa, namely can be used for throwing something and feeding by the Moringa section described in step 3.
According to above-mentioned Moringa feed, the present invention also provides following few fat, few Moringa grass carp cultural method that medicine is residual, build good, bright in color, mouthfeel are good, meat is good and nutritious.Step is: adult fish is selected, pond recuperation/strain fermentation and attachment, Moringa throw something and feed cultivation.Concrete method of operating is as follows:
1, adult fish is selected
Selection build is cylindrical, and head is slightly flat flat, and afterbody is flat-sided, and body colour is that shallow tea is yellow, and back is steel gray, the grass carp that belly is greyish white, and body weight is not less than 0.5kg, and body surface not damaged, nothing infect, nothing deformity, the grass carp that physique is healthy and strong, specification is consistent.Before putting into pond recuperation, carry out the sampling check of the forbidden drugs such as malachite green, nitrofuran, chloramphenicol, xacin-series, strictly stopping defective grass carp is mixed into wherein, also will carry out strict sterilization simultaneously.Sterilization can embathe about 20 minutes with the bleaching powder of 10mg/L or 8mg/L copper sulphate, or two kinds of medicines simultaneously and use, also can embathe fish body with 3%-5% common salt aqueous solution and wait Disinfection Methods in 20-30 minute, kill the foreign pathogen carried, reduce the injury of fish body.Before recuperation period below to nursing, while carrying out disinfection to grass carp, also will carry out strict disinfectant measure to breeding water body, disinfectant just carried out Moringa after losing efficacy and throws something and feeds, and was convenient to the generation of the probios such as lactic acid bacteria.
2, recuperate
The mode of said recuperation has pond recuperation, net cage recuperation and cement pit recuperation.
Recuperating in pond: will quadrature at 6670m in grass carp recuperation pond
2within, on the sunny side, have abundant water resources, water quality meets national fishery water standard in position.The shape in pond should select the rectangle pond that thing is long, north and south is wide, and Aspect Ratio should be selected at 1:3, Chi Po than being advisable for about 1:2.The dark 2.5-3 rice in pond, cultivates the depth of water from 1.5 meters, along with fish length progressively can add deep water greatly, until the highest depth of water is advisable from 30-50 centimetre, dike face, fish pond.Recuperation fish pond irrigation and drainage are convenient, and 10-15 centimetre of dark mud is arranged at bottom, has the soil property of water conservation, fertilizer conservation and leak-preventing ability.Between recuperation period, every day all needs each hours of washing by water sooner or later.Neither feeding between recuperation period, and all constantly added water by bath filling every day, discharge water by regulating gap water level, the formation flow velocity allowed is the flowing water of 0.3m/s, utilize stimulation by running water grass carp to move, in travelling process, discharge the toxin in body, eliminate superabundant fats.In addition, adhere to that morning, noon and afternoon every day patrol, note change and the adjustment of water quality, ensure the standard that water quality " fertilizer " " work " " tender " " feels well " as far as possible.1 month recuperation time was advisable.
The method fundamental sum pond recuperation mode of cement pit recuperation is similar, just no longer describes in detail here.
The water flows gently for net cage recuperation: the selection water surface is open, stable level water quality is pure and fresh, free of contamination region, water source cultivates, particularly fork, river bend etc., is not subject to the region that flood impacts.Adult fish after sterilization is pressed 6-8kg/m
3density put into specification be 8m × 6m × 6m net cage recuperation one month.
Other management are also all similar to pond culture.
3, strain fermentation, the throwing something and feeding of attachment and Moringa
Adult fish just can start domestication after recuperating 1 month and to throw something and feed Moringa early stage, and general operation manually carries the previous day to pour lactic acid bacteria into 3 × 3 meters
2cement pit or close size container in, add the water after sucrose and appropriate fully aeration, stir, it is noted herein that apply the salt solution spray disinfectant of 0.5% before throwing something and feeding, the water added in addition can not be running water or contaminated after water, with the clean water after aeration, simultaneously continually in incubation carry out oxygenation.Morning is just by the Moringa branch of the Moringa stem of ready two ages and the above age of tree or band leaf, be chopped into the Moringa section of 20-30cm and mix with the ratio of flour in 10:1, be put in culture pond and soak 30 minutes, the beneficial bacterias such as lactic acid bacteria are fully attached to above Moringa, then drop into bait stations fixing in recuperation pond.Moringa of throwing something and feeding should accomplish that four is fixed---" regularly " " quantitatively " " location " of " determining matter ", throw Moringa and be the fresh Moringa cradled every day, day throws something and feeds 3 times, feeding volume is 15% ~ 25% of quality of fishes, and appropriately adjust according to the actual situation of ingesting, process of feeding completed and is advisable in 2 hours, finally will pull residual bait in time out after having thrown something and fed, keep pond clean, clean, avoid polluted water.
In continuous practice process, we find have unique mouthfeel and the feature of soft material for grass carp Moringa, after month Moringa of throwing something and feeding respectively, napier grass, rye grass, broad bean, Moringa grass carp group compared with napier grass group, rye grass group, broad bean group, Moringa group in rate of body weight gain, specific growth rate, survival rate all higher than other three groups.In our Moringa grass carp cultivation for many years, find that to choose leaf of Moringa be best in reality is implemented, and is secondly moringa seeds, is finally only Moringa branch simultaneously.Other management is identical with the step of recuperation, and whole Moringa breeding process is about one month, needs to patrol in time pond in breeding process, and periodic detection water quality carries out control and prevention of disease measure, record pond daily record.
Claims (3)
1. a Moringa fish meal, this feed is made up of Moringa, flour, lactic acid bacteria, sucrose, water, and described each component counts Moringa 10 parts, 1 part, flour, lactic acid bacteria 1 part, sucrose 1 part by weight, and water is appropriate.
2. Moringa fish meal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that leaf, seed, branch, stem, the root of described Moringa general reference Moringa, described water is the water after aeration.
3. the preparation method of Moringa fish meal according to claim 1 and 2, its step is as follows,
Step 1, injects fermentation vat by the water after aeration, and water level is appropriate and slightly standing;
Step 2, to pour into lactic acid bacteria in fermentation vat and adds sucrose and stir;
Step 3, lactobacillus suspension is after fermentation in a day, and the Moringa Duan Houyu flour Moringa of two ages and the above age of tree being cut in second day 20-30cm mixes in the ratio of 10:1;
Step 4, puts into fermentation vat and soaks 30 minutes, to make lactic acid bacteria fully be attached to after above Moringa, namely can be used for throwing something and feeding by the Moringa section described in step 3.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106508749A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 遵义清溪河富源生态渔业发展有限公司 | Breeding method for prolonging service life of rainbow trout |
| CN106719166A (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2017-05-31 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | A kind of method that fish intestines flora transplanting is recycled |
| CN107006692A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of preparation method and its usage of selenium-rich Moringa feed addictive |
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| CN102919585A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 重庆师范大学 | Moringa oleifera powder complete granulated feed for fish and production method thereof |
| CN104938820A (en) * | 2015-06-06 | 2015-09-30 | 武义明 | Preparation method for semi-solid ctenopharyngoden idella feed with high palatability |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102919585A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 重庆师范大学 | Moringa oleifera powder complete granulated feed for fish and production method thereof |
| CN104938820A (en) * | 2015-06-06 | 2015-09-30 | 武义明 | Preparation method for semi-solid ctenopharyngoden idella feed with high palatability |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106508749A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 遵义清溪河富源生态渔业发展有限公司 | Breeding method for prolonging service life of rainbow trout |
| CN106719166A (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2017-05-31 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | A kind of method that fish intestines flora transplanting is recycled |
| CN107006692A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of preparation method and its usage of selenium-rich Moringa feed addictive |
| CN107006692B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2020-11-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Preparation method and application of selenium-rich moringa oleifera feed additive |
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