CN105359794A - Method of overlaying film on cigarette ridge and planting green manure in slack winter season - Google Patents
Method of overlaying film on cigarette ridge and planting green manure in slack winter season Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359794A CN105359794A CN201510789710.1A CN201510789710A CN105359794A CN 105359794 A CN105359794 A CN 105359794A CN 201510789710 A CN201510789710 A CN 201510789710A CN 105359794 A CN105359794 A CN 105359794A
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- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241001290610 Abildgaardia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241001044671 Piper tuberculatum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000002451 Overnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000020823 overnutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004296 Lolium perenne Species 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001002356 Valeriana edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021432 inorganic complex Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of overlaying a film on a cigarette ridge and planting green manure in a slack winter season and belongs to the technical field of flue-cured tobacco plantation technology. The method comprises the following steps of (1) applying base fertilizer on a cigarette land in March of the first year, ridging and overlaying a mulch film, conducting fixed-distance transplanting according to normal progress and managing field, and maintaining the film on the land for the whole process, (2) eliminating residual cigarette plants on the cigarette ridge after flue-cured tobacco harvest in September of the first year, punching holes on two sides of the film-overlaid cigarette ridge in a parallel way, (3) eliminating the mulch film and turning over oilseed rape via a rotary cultivator after oilseed rape sedge period finishes in the next year and burying the oilseed rape into the soil for two to three months, then planting cigarettes again and repeating the shifting cultivation process. In the second step, the hole punching depth is 13 to 16cm; the distance between two holes on the same side is 0.2m; and oilseed rape seeds are placed in each hole. A problem of oilseed early blossoming can be avoided; labor intensity and labor cost can be reduced; soil fertility can be improved; and cigarette field shifting cultivation efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Green manuring technology on cigarette ground, specifically, is a kind of method utilizing overlay film cigarette in winter slack ridge green manuring.
Background technology
That produces along with Flue-cured Tobacco in China develops rapidly, uses that chemical fertilizer, irrational crop rotation etc. cause soil compaction, acidifying, soil nutrient is unbalance for a long time in a large number, and soil fertility declines year by year, and soil-borne disease increases the weight of.Green manure is a kind of nutrient biological source of manure of high-quality completely, is providing nutrient needed for crops, improves soil, improves farmland ecological environment and is preventing all there is good effect in the soil erosion and pollution etc.Green manure place into the soil after by decomposition and mineralising, for this season crop or lower season crop a large amount of nitrogen and various nutrient elements are provided, to promote the g and D of crops, simultaneously for soil directly provides a large amount of fresh organic substances, the soil organic matter is obtained and upgrades and accumulation, form soil organic-inorganic complex, improve Soil Fertility Factors, thus increase soil fertility, green manure turns over and obviously can also promote that cigarette strain is grown, and improves land for growing field crops economical character, can significantly improve flue-cured tobacco economic characters.Therefore green manuring is improvement vega soil, promotes the important measures of vega increasing both production and income.
Green manuring method has important function to green manure effect, a lot of scholar has carried out a large amount of exploration and research in Green manuring method for this reason, publication number is patent document discloses " a kind of method planting and turn over green manure in smoke hallway in advance " of CN102907242A, it adopts roasting season at vega, the green manure seed broadcasting of screening is interplanted in vega, by using superphosphate, urea etc., promoting green manure growth, carrying out green manure in conjunction with winter ploughing January in December to next year then and turn over.Publication number be CN102318480A patent document discloses one " mixed seeding green manure dressing method for tobacco field ", it is by mixed seeding perennial ryegrass and sweet potato green manuring, increases available nutrient content, bacteria total amount etc. in vega soil.Publication number is patent document discloses " a kind of alternating method improving quality of tobacco " of CN102696381A, it adopts flue-cured tobacco-green manure-sweet potato-green manure-flue-cured tobacco 2 years rotation implantation methods, vega crop rotation efficiency can be improved, improve vega physicochemical character, increase soil fertility, reduce vega damage by disease and insect, improve quality of tobacco, publication number is patent document discloses " a kind of method improving continuous cropping yield of flue-cured tobacco and quality " of CN102919038A, the method uses decomposing agent when spring turns over green manure, use during base manure and use microorganism fertilizer, improve tobacco leaf outward appearance and interior quality, publication number is patent document discloses " a kind of alternating method improving cigarette land output value " of CN103733833A, it adopts the alternating method of cigarette-rape-sweet potato-green manure-cigarette to improve cigarette land output value repeatedly, be applicable to Southwest tobacco-growing areas tobacco planting.
Analyze prior art, can find that most literature too improves biomass when green manure turns over, this easily reduces green manure own growth to the improving effect of soil, cause overnutrition, and owing to pursuing high-biomass, a lot of research only pays close attention to how to improve biomass, is not in optimized selection biomass; The time of green manuring focused mostly in August to December, this time period temperature reduces gradually, easily causes green manure early blossoming, is unfavorable for the growth of green manure nutrition organs, decomposition after turning over and mineralising are thorough, the time is longer, for improveing the large heavy discount of effective biomass of soil.
Summary of the invention
For prior art above shortcomings, the invention provides a kind of method utilizing overlay film cigarette in winter slack ridge green manuring.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Utilize a method for overlay film cigarette in winter slack ridge green manuring, comprise the steps:
(1), and progress was carried out spacing and was transplanted and field management routinely at cigarette ground basal dressing, ridging covering with plastic film March of First Year, and whole process does not take off film;
(2), after the tobacco harvesting in September of First Year terminates, remove the remaining cigarette strain on cigarette ridge, in the parallel punching in body both sides, overlay film Yan Long ridge, the punching degree of depth is 13 ~ 16cm, and apart 0.2m between two holes of phase the same side, plants rape seed in each hole;
(3), at the end of next year treats rape flower bud a kind of sedge phase, remove mulch film, and use rotovator to turn over rape, make it be embedded in soil 2 ~ 3 months, and then plantation tobacco, so repeatedly carry out shifting cultivation.
Further restriction, base manure symmetry described in step (1) imposes on cigarette plant both sides and carries out two row replacement, both sides base manure spacing 10 ~ 12cm.
Further restriction, step (1) ridge body line-spacing 1.1 ~ 1.2m, the high 25 ~ 30cm in ridge.
Further restriction, only plants 2 rape seeds in each hole in step (2).
The present invention compared to existing technology, has following beneficial effect:
1, because mulch film covers on the body of ridge in cigarette seed is planted and before rape does not turn over always, this is concerning cigarette seedling and growth of rape, extremely be conducive to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, can prevention and elimination of disease and pests and weeds effectively, Promoting plant growth is grown, improve economic flow rate, particularly rape can make full use of the effect of mulch film heat and moisture preserving in process of growth, promote that rape nutrition organs fully grows, improve rape to the resistant function of low temperature in vegetative period, early blossoming phenomenon is clearly better, rape nutrition organs especially well developed root system, soil fertility is promoted by rape own growth.
2, owing to treating that rape removes mulch film at the end of flower bud a kind of sedge phase, and use rotovator to turn over rape to be embedded in soil 2 ~ 3 months, this guarantees that rape is fresh and tender, there are enough decompositions and mineralising time, if do not remove mulch film, not only easily reduce the residue rate of decay of organic materials in soil, soil productivity and enzymic activity are reduced.
3, base manure carries out the regularity of distribution that two row replacement meets tobacco root more in cigarette plant both sides, base manure spacing controls the distribution in soil at 10 ~ 12cm and root system and matches, make the availability of root system to fertilizer the highest, promote tobacco growing to greatest extent, and due to after adopting two row replacement, the position of original cigarette strain plantation can not have influence on the position of rapeseed cultivation, and this can save the labor cost removing remaining cigarette strain.
Without the need to turning over to planted tobacco soils when 4, removing remaining cigarette strain, but carrying out in the lump when next year, rape turned over, not only having saved cost of labor, and mulch film can not have been had influence on to the effect avoiding rape generation early blossoming phenomenon to bring.
5, ridge body line-spacing 1.1 ~ 1.2m, the rape seed that punching spacing 0.2m defines unit are sows quantity, when two seeds are planted in each hole, every mu of cigarette ground can grow rape about 4500 strain, nearly 4000 kilograms of biomass, through plantation experience for many years and summary, the rapeseed cultivation amount under this unit are can provide enough nutritive elements for crop of lower season, promotes crop growth and growth; If grown per area rape is too much, can overnutrition be caused, cost of idleness, plant very few cannot guarantee again as crop of lower season provides enough nutritive elements.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art, the present invention may be better understood, is described further technical solution of the present invention below by embodiment.
Applicant have employed a kind of method utilizing overlay film cigarette in winter slack ridge green manuring as follows for the tobacco planting situation of Youyang County, Chongqing City, comprises the steps:
1. the March of First Year is with ridge body line-spacing 1.1m, spacing 10cm carries out the two row replacement of base manure in cigarette plant bilateral symmetry, then ridge ridging is carried, ridge height 25cm, and in good time covering with plastic film, then with reference to flue-cured tobacco technology producting rule routinely progress carry out cigarette seedling spacing and transplant and field management, whole process does not take off film, make soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, promote seedling growth and development; Described ridge body line-spacing can determine according to soil fertility.
2. the last ten-days period in September of First Year, after tobacco harvesting, the remaining cigarette strain on cigarette ridge is removed, in the parallel punching in body both sides, overlay film Yan Long ridge, the punching degree of depth is 15cm, at a distance of 0.2m between two holes of phase the same side, in each hole, plant 2 rape seeds, now mulch film still covers on cigarette ridge;
3. at the end of Second Year treats rape flower bud a kind of sedge phase, remove mulch film, and when using rotovator to turn over rape (about January in the coming year), remove mulch film residue (avoiding it to affect green manure decomposition and mineralising), and use rotovator to turn over rape, make it be embedded in soil 2 ~ 3 months, guarantee that rape has time enough to carry out decomposition and mineralising, finally again plant tobacco, so repeatedly carry out shifting cultivation.
Above a kind of method of overlay film cigarette in winter slack ridge green manuring that utilizes provided by the invention is described in detail.The explanation of specific embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. utilize a method for overlay film cigarette in winter slack ridge green manuring, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1), and progress was carried out spacing and was transplanted and field management routinely at cigarette ground basal dressing, ridging covering with plastic film March of First Year, and whole process does not take off film;
(2), after the tobacco harvesting in September of First Year terminates, remove the remaining cigarette strain on cigarette ridge, in the parallel punching in body both sides, overlay film Yan Long ridge, the punching degree of depth is 13 ~ 16cm, and apart 0.2m between two holes of phase the same side, plants rape seed in each hole;
(3), at the end of next year treats that rape treats rape flower bud a kind of sedge phase in next year, remove mulch film and also use rotovator to turn over rape, make it be embedded in soil 2 ~ 3 months, and then plantation tobacco, so repeatedly carry out shifting cultivation.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, base manure symmetry described in step (1) imposes on cigarette plant both sides and carries out two row replacement, both sides base manure spacing 10 ~ 12cm.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (1) ridge body line-spacing 1.1 ~ 1.2m, the high 25 ~ 30cm in ridge.
4. the method according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, only plants 2 rape seeds in step (2) in each hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510789710.1A CN105359794B (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2015-11-17 | A kind of method using winter slack overlay film cigarette ridge green manuring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510789710.1A CN105359794B (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2015-11-17 | A kind of method using winter slack overlay film cigarette ridge green manuring |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105359794A true CN105359794A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN105359794B CN105359794B (en) | 2018-03-02 |
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| CN201510789710.1A Expired - Fee Related CN105359794B (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2015-11-17 | A kind of method using winter slack overlay film cigarette ridge green manuring |
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| CN (1) | CN105359794B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105960972A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-28 | 安徽皖西生物科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting hickory nut and red sage root |
| CN107371780A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-11-24 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of tobacco seedlings Green Protection morning cultivating method |
| CN107926583A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-20 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method that Flue-cured tobacco Quality is improved by crop rotation |
| CN108770436A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-11-09 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of implantation methods and green manure seeding apparatus improving flue-cured tobacco green manure sowing survival rate |
| CN111226728A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Tobacco-rape double-cropping efficient planting method in northern cold-cold tobacco area |
| CN111226731A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Optimized irrigation one-year-two-harvest planting method for tobacco and oilseed rape in southwest tobacco area |
| CN111226729A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Tobacco-rape self-flow irrigation double-cropping planting method in southwest tobacco area |
| CN112655499A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-16 | 长江师范学院 | Efficient planting method for hot pickled mustard tuber |
| CN114410729A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-29 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Green manure screening method for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105960972A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-28 | 安徽皖西生物科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting hickory nut and red sage root |
| CN107371780A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-11-24 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of tobacco seedlings Green Protection morning cultivating method |
| CN107371780B (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2020-03-17 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Green protection early planting method for tobacco seedlings |
| CN107926583A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-20 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method that Flue-cured tobacco Quality is improved by crop rotation |
| CN108770436A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-11-09 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of implantation methods and green manure seeding apparatus improving flue-cured tobacco green manure sowing survival rate |
| CN111226728A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Tobacco-rape double-cropping efficient planting method in northern cold-cold tobacco area |
| CN111226731A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Optimized irrigation one-year-two-harvest planting method for tobacco and oilseed rape in southwest tobacco area |
| CN111226729A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Tobacco-rape self-flow irrigation double-cropping planting method in southwest tobacco area |
| CN112655499A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-16 | 长江师范学院 | Efficient planting method for hot pickled mustard tuber |
| CN114410729A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-29 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Green manure screening method for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt |
| CN114410729B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-09-12 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Green manure screening method for preventing and controlling occurrence of tobacco bacterial wilt |
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