CN105309200A - A liquid strain-based pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method - Google Patents
A liquid strain-based pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105309200A CN105309200A CN201510169827.XA CN201510169827A CN105309200A CN 105309200 A CN105309200 A CN 105309200A CN 201510169827 A CN201510169827 A CN 201510169827A CN 105309200 A CN105309200 A CN 105309200A
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Abstract
The invention provides a liquid strain-based pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method. The method enables short-period cultivation of pleurotus geesteranus. Concrete methods on selection of strains and inoculation are provided. Necessary conditions and steps in culture are also provided. The method has the advantages of short culture period, less pollution and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mushroom class cultivation field, more specifically, particularly relate to the precious mushroom cultivation method of a kind of show based on liquid spawn.
Background technology
Elegant precious mushroom quality is tender and crisp, fresh and sweet tasty and refreshing, nutritious, is rich in 8 seed amino acids of protein, polysaccharide, vitamin, trace element and needed by human body, quite by consumers.
But, the precious mushroom cultivation mode of existing show, the cycle that also exists is grown, take a lot of work, yield rate is low, yield poorly the deficiency such as of poor quality, thus is unfavorable for carrying out large-scale production.Therefore, how improving existing cultivation method has just become those skilled in the art to need the problem carrying out studying.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide the precious mushroom cultivation method of a kind of show based on liquid spawn, for solving the deficiency in existing solid culture method, thus providing the cultivation cycle of mushroom, decreasing pollution.
For achieving the above object and other relevant objects, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The precious mushroom cultivation method of a kind of show based on liquid spawn, comprise: bacterium bag is selected and sealing step, select polyethylene or the polypropylene knuckle bag of wide length 38 cm thick 5 of folding length 18 centimetres, adopt horizontal anti-swollen sack filling machine pack, adopt the sealing of nest mouth plunger method, the customizable Sheng of batch production bag 12 bags of high-temperature sterilization baskets, buttress basket or dress vehicle of sterilization enter pot, autoclaving; Sterilization steps, autoclaving 123 degree 3 hours or normal-pressure sterilization 10 hours, sterilizing completes and need be discharged into gnotobasis and be cooled to 25 degree to start inoculation; Inoculation step, batch production bag adopts the inoculation of inoculation line, transfer room is sterilized with ozone sterilizer in advance and is made environmental treatment in 1 hour, open inoculation line blower fan, ultraviolet lamp in advance half an hour, personnel enter strict aseptic technique program, under the whole basket of bacterium bag cooled is delivered to inoculation device by conveying roller, access liquid spawn 30ML, then fill in sterilized non-woven cotton or sponge plug, the bacterium bag connect is delivered to transfer room by roller bearing and is transported to culturing room more outward, and line is per hour connects more than 1000 bag in inoculation; Fungi preservation step, under 2 DEG C ~ 4 DEG C conditions, the storage time does not exceed one week yet; Incubation step, gets 23--25 degree Celsius of environmental temperature, 23--28 degree Celsius of material temperature, air humidity 50--70%, and lucifuge is cultivated; Fruiting step, selects rack, Li Duo, wall-earthing according to actual conditions, puts down one or two scarfing directional fruitings such as burying.
As mentioned above, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, reduce costs: use edible fungi liquid strain, every bag of bacterial classification cost is only several shares money, and only has 1/5th of solid spawn, and with liquid-spawn inoculation, solid spawn inoculation operating efficiency improves 4-5 doubly;
2, improve purity: liquid spawn is fast-germination in the sealed environment of integral asepsis, dynamic cultivation, and thus bacterial classification purity is high, guarantee that fruiting is healthy and strong;
3, decreasing pollution: liquid spawn germination physiology has exceeded miscellaneous bacteria and grown speed, therefore the chance that miscellaneous bacteria is not almost grown overcomes the technical barrier of living contaminants, ensure that product quality;
4, fast-germination:
Liquid spawn has flowing permeability, and have the ripe fresh and alive bacterium ball degree of depth in ten thousand to go deep in the bacterial classification of each cultivation bag inoculation, therefore after inoculation, multiple spot is sprouted, inside and outside long together up and down, 6-12 hour mycelium germination, can cover with cultivation bag in 15-20 days, and most of kind more than ten day just can fruiting;
5, remarkable benefit: adopt liquid spawn, because mycelial growth is vigorous, cell age is short, fruiting is neat, and change of tide is fast, and quality and output, apparently higher than traditional mode of production, are thus won the market, won benefit.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, other embodiments all that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite not making creative work, all belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention gives the precious mushroom cultivation method example of a kind of show based on liquid spawn, this cultivation method mainly comprises the following steps:
Step one, bacterium bag is selected and sealing
Select polyethylene or the polypropylene knuckle bag of wide length 38 cm thick 5 of folding length 18 centimetres, adopt horizontal anti-swollen sack filling machine pack, adopt the sealing of nest mouth plunger method, the customizable Sheng of batch production bag 12 bags of high-temperature sterilization baskets, buttress basket or dress vehicle of sterilization enter pot, autoclaving.
Step 2, sterilizing
Autoclaving 123 degree 3 hours or normal-pressure sterilization 10 hours.Sterilizing completes and need be discharged into gnotobasis and be cooled to 25 degree can inoculate.Local method sterilizing easily exposes when to unload pot and causes bacterium bag surface second to pollute, and needs to carry out disinfection sterilizing with the stifling ozonateur that preferably uses of aerosol before inoculation.
Step 3, inoculation
Batch production bag adopts the inoculation of inoculation line, transfer room is sterilized with ozone sterilizer in advance and is made environmental treatment in 1 hour, open inoculation line blower fan, ultraviolet lamp in advance half an hour, personnel enter strict aseptic technique program, under the whole basket of bacterium bag cooled is delivered to inoculation device by conveying roller, access liquid spawn 30ML, then fills in sterilized non-woven cotton or sponge plug.The bacterium bag connect is delivered to transfer room by roller bearing and is transported to culturing room more outward.Line is per hour connects more than 1000 bag in inoculation.Do not possess batch production condition, also can inoculate with transfer room, but must adopt ozone sterilization, supporting anion blower fan forms local gnotobasis, otherwise pollutes bad solution.
Step 4, liquid bacterium coordinative composition of equipments
200 liters of tanks need be needed need to join 500ML, 5000ML triangular flask and vertical autoclave for triangular flask sterilizing with 150L bacterial classification if little shaking table, large shaking table, fermentation tank once connect 500 bags, join the inoculation of single superclean bench.
Step 5, cultivates
Get 23--25 degree Celsius of environmental temperature, 23--28 degree Celsius of material temperature, air humidity 50--70%, lucifuge is cultivated.
Step 6, fruiting
Select rack, Li Duo, wall-earthing according to actual conditions, put down one or two scarfing directional fruitings such as burying.To keep the skin wet with hutch water device after damp mushroom and change of tide management is carried out in nutrition.
In addition, it should be noted that the preservation also needing to carry out bacterial classification before bacterial classification is selected, namely liquid spawn should be dropped into cultivation and produce after making, should not deposit, even if under 2 DEG C ~ 4 DEG C conditions, the storage time does not exceed one week yet; Solid spawn, as deposited, as long as keep said temperature condition, at least can preserve more than 30 days.
The present invention adopts liquid inoculation, reduces infection rate, shortens the cultivation time, improves the quality and yield of product.Plant with the precious mushroom of traditional show, mainly contain two to distinguish greatly: first, female kind makes formula difference, my company carries out adjustment and innovation by repetition test to formula, and its main formula is: agar 15--20K, magnesium sulfate 2---5K, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1--3K, glucose 15---20K, potato 150---200K, water 800----1200 milliliter; The adjustment of formula, makes to save time 5--8 days in the making of mother's kind, and female extent of purification of planting also improves a lot.The second, what the present invention adopted is pure strains cultivation, traditional liquid spawn culture medium 10 kilograms, glucose 20 kilograms, 800 kilograms, water, my company repeatedly develops and formula is adjusted to Specialization education base 12---20 kilogram of glucose 20---25 kilogram, water 900---950 kilogram; The adjustment of formula, makes bottom liquid strain rapid permeability bacterium bag in seeded process, and mycelial growth is rapid, and area is wide, and sealing is exceedingly fast, and effectively can prevent the intrusion of germ, reduces infection rate and 60 days traditional nurturing periods are shortened to 25 days.
Feature of the present invention
The first, existing solid spawn is planted from inclined-plane mother and starts, original seed 25 days, cultivated species 25 days, and cultivation bag inoculates 60 days, total need 110 days; Liquid spawn is from inclined-plane to inoculation: 11 days, bacterium bag 28 days, total 39 days.Liquid spawn cell age is short, the strong output high-quality of vitality is good, significantly shortens the time, saving manually reduces costs.
The second, nest mouth plunger is simple and easy to do, is conducive to mechanization, and single point central inoculation fast and easy is not easily polluted, it is fast to send out bacterium, and plunger, sponge plug are invested little turnover and saved labor soon.And along with the significantly rising of labour cost, traditional cultivation mode is profitless to be earned, adopting liquid spawn and improving mechanization degree is inexorable trend.
The difference of liquid spawn and solid spawn
Now the feature of liquid and solid two kinds of form bacterial classifications is explained, wish vast bacterium agriculture determines to apply which kind of bacterial classification according to own situation.
The Spawn incubation time: the liquid spawn time is short.For flat mushroom, the incubation time of solid spawn 1 ~ 3 grade of bacterial classification is respectively 7 days, 23 days and 25 days, amounts to about 60 days; Liquid spawn only needs about 7 days, even if cleaning, maintenance etc. after equipment is emptying are included, also more than 10 days, can not be only 1/4 ~ 1/6 of solid spawn incubation time.
Bacterial classification product purity, liquid spawn purity is high.In the training period, equipment is in whole sealing status to liquid spawn substantially, once pollute, comprises its smell, color and luster and all can change, and often take a sample to check in period, so the probability that pollution and recessive pollution occur is lower, and the bacterial classification purity of output is higher; The possibility that recessive pollution occurs then is had between solid spawn culture period.
Mycelium germination state, it is neat that liquid spawn sends out bacterium.The strain cultivation time is short, and cell age height is consistent, and after planting bacterial classification is sprouted consistent, there is not " old children is uneven " class phenomenon; The cell age of solid spawn is partially long, has a ripening phenomenon near vaccination, and because inoculating, the size of block is irregular etc. causes the cell age of cultivation bag to differ, and makes cultivation be difficult to reach uniform.
Bacterial classification period of storage, the solid spawn time is long.Under general condition, namely liquid spawn should be dropped into cultivation and produce after making, should not deposit, even if under 2 DEG C ~ 4 DEG C conditions, the storage time does not exceed one week yet; Solid spawn, as deposited, as long as keep said temperature condition, at least can preserve more than 30 days.
Be suitable for using object, solid spawn adapts to wide.Liquid spawn is adapted to continuous seepage, especially scale, factorial praluction, and liquid spawn should be first-selected; But the Edible Fungi of China mostly is casual household's cultivation, and the inadequate natural endowment of the condition such as investment level, technical merit, determines liquid spawn accommodation narrower.
Equipment Foundations are invested, and liquid spawn is somewhat high." liquid spawn " problem studied is carried out for us, a set of automated fluid fermentation system, acquisition price is 50,000 yuan, the investment such as supporting corresponding water, electricity, fermenting cellar, transfer room more than 30,000 yuan, the bacterial classification product at every turn completed, about about 40 liters, calculates by doubling dilution, be equivalent to 200 bottles of (500 milliliters) bacterial classifications, and produce these bacterial classifications, the minitype high voltage sterilizer of about 2000 yuan can disposablely complete, and Equipment Foundations investment is only 1/25 ~ 1/40 of liquid spawn.
Pick assorted between bacteria developing period, liquid spawn is disposable.Between solid spawn bacteria developing period, find indivedual pollution or the bacterium bag of doubtful pollution, can singlely reject, and liquid spawn be quite different, once dye is assorted, then all pollutes by the gross, tank must be put, emptying after carry out cleaning, slack tank sterilizing, then can carry out next step and produce.
Strain quality controls, and solid spawn difficulty is little.The production of liquid spawn, depends on the safety of equipment, even if under identical condition, because some unmanageable factors, and occurs the phenomenon such as inconsistent of strain quality unavoidably; If there is no special circumstances, solid spawn then due to production process be easy to control, seem steady quality, allows people have handy sensation.
The five large advantages that edible fungi liquid strain is cultivated
1, reduce costs: use edible fungi liquid strain, every bag of bacterial classification cost is only several shares money, and only has 1/5th of solid spawn, and with liquid-spawn inoculation, solid spawn inoculation operating efficiency improves 4-5 doubly;
2, improve purity: liquid spawn is fast-germination in the sealed environment of integral asepsis, dynamic cultivation, and thus bacterial classification purity is high, guarantee that fruiting is healthy and strong;
3, decreasing pollution: liquid spawn germination physiology has exceeded miscellaneous bacteria and grown speed, therefore the chance that miscellaneous bacteria is not almost grown overcomes the technical barrier of living contaminants, ensure that product quality;
4, fast-germination:
Liquid spawn has flowing permeability, and have the ripe fresh and alive bacterium ball degree of depth in ten thousand to go deep in the bacterial classification of each cultivation bag inoculation, therefore after inoculation, multiple spot is sprouted, inside and outside long together up and down, 6-12 hour mycelium germination, can cover with cultivation bag in 15-20 days, and most of kind more than ten day just can fruiting;
5, remarkable benefit: adopt liquid spawn, because mycelial growth is vigorous, cell age is short, fruiting is neat, and change of tide is fast, and quality and output, apparently higher than traditional mode of production, are thus won the market, won benefit.
On total, the present invention adopts the beneficial effect of liquid spawn to be:
One, bacterial classification cost improve effects is reduced
We are for Xingbao mushroom production.No matter what adopt solid spawn to produce is buy secondary kind to produce cultivation bag, or oneself produce secondary kind cultivation bag, and the cost shared by each cultivation bag bacterial classification about 1 mao, and adopts the cost shared by each cultivation bag bacterial classification of liquid spawn to divide money with regard to 2-3.So, we cultivate 40,000 bags in a booth one-period, adopt liquid spawn just than adopting the saving at least 3000 yuan of solid spawn, the mushroom field of annual output 300 tons just can save more than 200,000 yuan over a year from bacterial classification cost.
Two, fixed assets improve effects is reduced
Produce solid spawn and need the facility such as large-area bacteria room, autoclaving equipment and air-conditioning, and to produce liquid spawn all processes be all complete in tank body, do not need any auxiliary equipment.Can say, adopt liquid spawn just money to be economized before not producing.
Claims (2)
1., based on the precious mushroom cultivation method of show of liquid spawn, it is characterized in that, the precious mushroom cultivation method of described show comprises:
Bacterium bag is selected and sealing step, selects polyethylene or the polypropylene knuckle bag of wide length 38 cm thick 5 of folding length 18 centimetres, adopts horizontal anti-swollen sack filling machine pack, adopt the sealing of nest mouth plunger method, the customizable Sheng of batch production bag 12 bags of high-temperature sterilization baskets, buttress basket or dress vehicle of sterilization enter pot, autoclaving;
Sterilization steps, autoclaving 123 degree 3 hours or normal-pressure sterilization 10 hours, sterilizing completes and need be discharged into gnotobasis and be cooled to 25 degree to start inoculation;
Inoculation step, batch production bag adopts the inoculation of inoculation line, transfer room is sterilized with ozone sterilizer in advance and is made environmental treatment in 1 hour, open inoculation line blower fan, ultraviolet lamp in advance half an hour, personnel enter strict aseptic technique program, under the whole basket of bacterium bag cooled is delivered to inoculation device by conveying roller, access liquid spawn 30ML, then fill in sterilized non-woven cotton or sponge plug, the bacterium bag connect is delivered to transfer room by roller bearing and is transported to culturing room more outward, and line is per hour connects more than 1000 bag in inoculation;
Fungi preservation step, under 2 DEG C ~ 4 DEG C conditions, the storage time does not exceed one week yet;
Incubation step, gets 23--25 degree Celsius of environmental temperature, 23--28 degree Celsius of material temperature, air humidity 50--70%, and lucifuge is cultivated;
Fruiting step, selects rack, Li Duo, wall-earthing according to actual conditions, puts down one or two scarfing directional fruitings such as burying.
2. the precious mushroom cultivation method of the show based on liquid spawn according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise between inoculation and incubation step:
Liquid bacterium coordinative composition of equipments step, little shaking table, large shaking table, fermentation tank, if once connect 500 bags need use 150L bacterial classification, need 200 liters of tanks, need join 500ML, 5000ML triangular flask and vertical autoclave for triangular flask sterilizing, join single superclean bench and inoculate.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111296172A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-19 | 安徽省森湶谷药业股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating phellinus igniarius in double-bag connected stacked rows |
| CN111512884A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-11 | 黑龙江黑臻生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of hypsizygus marmoreus, white beech mushroom, hypsizygus marmoreus, velvet antler mushroom and flammulina velutipes |
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2015
- 2015-04-13 CN CN201510169827.XA patent/CN105309200A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111296172A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-19 | 安徽省森湶谷药业股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating phellinus igniarius in double-bag connected stacked rows |
| CN111512884A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-08-11 | 黑龙江黑臻生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method of hypsizygus marmoreus, white beech mushroom, hypsizygus marmoreus, velvet antler mushroom and flammulina velutipes |
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Application publication date: 20160210 |