CN105309162A

CN105309162A - Lettuce cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN105309162A
Application number: CN201410372090.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 由国峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-07-31
Filing date: 2014-07-31
Publication date: 2016-02-10

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, particularly relates to a lettuce cultivation method and provides a lettuce cultivation method capable of increasing output of lettuces and guaranteeing quality and safety of the lettuces. The lettuce cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1) soil preparation: a land parcel with high and dry terrain and good drainage is selected as a seedbed; (2) seed processing: when seed sowing is performed from May to September, seeds germinate difficultly due to high temperature in scorching heat, and low-temperature germination accelerating is required before seed sowing; (3) seed sowing: when seedling culture and seed sowing are performed in a greenhouse for spring lettuces, a film on a seedling bed is uncovered firstly, sufficient watering with bottom water is performed, and after water sinking, seeds are mixed in small amount of fine sand or fine soil, uniformly stirred and sown in a broadcast manner; (4) loam with good drainage condition is selected during planting, and the seedbed is watered before seedling lifting; (5) tender plants can be harvested at any time for sale before stems grow strong sufficiently.

Description

The cultivation method of lettuce

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, particularly relate to the cultivation method of lettuce.

Background technology

Lettuce, has another name called asparagus lettuce, spring vegetable, wheat dish, is the annual of composite family Lactuca or biennial herb plant.The people of the states such as it is a kind of very common edible vegetable, Chinese, Japanese often boils rear edible, and in Western Culture, people are often placed in the food such as salad, hamburger and eat raw.In Hong Kong, in order to distinguish with western romaine lettuce, lettuce is also called Tang's romaine lettuce.

Lettuce can be divided into leaf to use and stem two classes.The title of lettuce is a lot, and herbal medicine is called " garden lettuce ", " lettuce " and " stone lettuce ".Lettuce sativa is also known as asparagus lettuce, fragrant bamboo shoot.Asparagus lettuce area under cultivation is more than romaine lettuce all over China, and the meat of asparagus lettuce is tender, stem can be eaten raw, cold and dressed with sauce, stir-fry and eat, drying or pickled.Romaine lettuce is edible blade or leaf-head mainly.Containing lettuce element in lettuce haulm, bitter, high temperature and drought bitter taste are dense, can strengthen gastric juice, stimulate digestion, improve a poor appetite, and have the effect of analgesia and hypnosis.

In lettuce, the content of carbohydrate is lower, and mineral salt, vitamin then content are abundanter, especially containing more nicotinic acid.Nicotinic acid is the activator of insulin, and diabetes patient often eats a little lettuce, can improve the metabolic function of sugar.Also be easy to be absorbed by the body containing the ferro element in a certain amount of trace element zinc, iron, particularly lettuce in lettuce, frequent edible fresh lettuce, can prevent and treat hypoferric anemia.Potassium content in lettuce enriches, and is 27 times of sodium salt content, is conducive to the balance of control agent inner salt.For the patient such as hypertension, cardiopathy, there is the effect promoting diuresis, the arrhythmia that reduces blood pressure, prevents.The functions such as lettuce improves a poor appetite in addition, the liquid that stimulates digestion secretion, promotion gastrointestinal peristalsis.

Visible lettuce not only can be used as food materials, and has medicinal, but existing lettuce planting method is perfect not, cannot ensure quality and the green safety of lettuce when ensureing output.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is exactly for the problems referred to above, and providing a kind of increases lettuce output and can ensure the cultivation method of a kind of lettuce of lettuce quality and green safety.

To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.

The cultivation method of lettuce, comprises the following steps.

(1) whole soil, selection of land gesture is high and dry, seedbed is done in excessively drained field, broadcast front 5-7 days every mu execute decomposed manure 300-400 kilogram and make base manure, plough deeply after applying before whole ground, flatten carefully whole, cover plastic film and wait for sowing.

(2) seed treatment, what sow the 5-9 month, due to scorching temperature, seed sprouting difficulty, needs low-temperature germination before sowing.Be placed in cold water by seed and soak 6-7 hour, pull out after drying unnecessary water, put into the refrigerating box of refrigerator, took out every 4 hours, be placed in 4-6 hour under normal temperature, hocket, continuous 2-3 days, then can sprout In Shade for seed 1-2 days; After seed also can be soaked 24 hours by method three, wrap with wet cloth, be placed in refrigerator or refrigerator, at-3-5 DEG C freezing 24 hours, be then placed on cool place, within 2-3 days, can germinate.

(3) sow, spring asparagus lettuce, raise seedling in greenhouse sowing time, first open film on seedling furrow, water vola water, until water ooze lower after, seed is mixed after mixing thoroughly in a small amount of fine sand or fine earth and broadcasts sowing.Broadcast rear earthing 3-5 millimeter, cover tightly film, add a cover sunshade net or straw mat insulation night.Small plastic shed is added a cover in open country nursery.Before coming up, take off early lid covering evening, stuffy, improve bed temperature.After coming up, suitably ventilate; Sunshade net early takes off late lid, thinning 1 time during 2-3 sheet true leaf, spacing 4-5 centimetre.5-6 days before transplanting, stronger ventilation hardening.

(4), during field planting, select the loam that drainage condition is good, every mu of fertilizer 300-400 kilogram executing to become thoroughly decomposed, ploughs deeply leveling, makes the high furrow that 1.2-1.5 rice is wide.Before lifting, is first watered in seedbed.

(5) tender strain of can gathering at any time before the abundant hypertrophy of stem is gone on the market.It is the optimum period gathering in the crops asparagus lettuce stem when asparagus lettuce top is equal with the tip of maximum blade.Autumn asparagus lettuce is in order to extend the listing phase, Delayed harvest, can adopt and pinch growing point and bud at fine day hand, or the rosette stage starts, spray 250-300 mg/kg chlormequat every 5-7 days 2-3 time, or spray 500 mg/kg maleic hydrazide 2 times when base portion is loose every 5 days.

As a kind of preferred version, asparagus lettuce is collected seed and is reserved seed for planting as well with the spring asparagus lettuce of surviving the winter, and reserves seed for planting between strain kind and isolates about 1000 meters.To select and remain robust growth, there is the plant of this variety characteristic, after pulling, keep seeding row spacing more than 33 centimetres square, remove Lao Ye, enrich rich water, ridging, urge collateral generation.Suitably extract part branch when blooming, insert pillar lodging-prevention, the florescence can not lack of water, reduces and pours water, Post flowering 20-25 days after blossom fall, and plant strain blade and normally turn to be yellow, seed be brown or silver gray, when giving birth to white pappus, gathers in time.

Beneficial effect of the present invention.

The cultivation method of a kind of lettuce of the present invention, by rational whole soil, seed treatment, type of seeding, mode of planting, increases the output of lettuce, and increase the health degree of lettuce, minimizing is sprayed insecticide, and therefore, uses the cultivation method of lettuce of the present invention can the lettuce of output high-quality green.

Embodiment

The cultivation method of lettuce of the present invention, comprises the following steps.

Claims

1. the cultivation method of lettuce, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps;

(1) whole soil, selection of land gesture is high and dry, seedbed is done in excessively drained field, broadcast front 5-7 days every mu execute decomposed manure 300-400 kilogram and make base manure, plough deeply after applying before whole ground, flatten carefully whole, cover plastic film and wait for sowing;

(2) seed treatment, what sow the 5-9 month, due to scorching temperature, seed sprouting difficulty, needs low-temperature germination before sowing; Be placed in cold water by seed and soak 6-7 hour, pull out after drying unnecessary water, put into the refrigerating box of refrigerator, took out every 4 hours, be placed in 4-6 hour under normal temperature, hocket, continuous 2-3 days, then can sprout In Shade for seed 1-2 days; After seed also can be soaked 24 hours by method three, wrap with wet cloth, be placed in refrigerator or refrigerator, at-3-5 DEG C freezing 24 hours, be then placed on cool place, within 2-3 days, can germinate;

(3) sow, spring asparagus lettuce, raise seedling in greenhouse sowing time, first open film on seedling furrow, water vola water, until water ooze lower after, seed is mixed after mixing thoroughly in a small amount of fine sand or fine earth and broadcasts sowing; Broadcast rear earthing 3-5 millimeter, cover tightly film, add a cover sunshade net or straw mat insulation night; Small plastic shed is added a cover in open country nursery; Before coming up, take off early lid covering evening, stuffy, improve bed temperature; After coming up, suitably ventilate; Sunshade net early takes off late lid, thinning 1 time during 2-3 sheet true leaf, spacing 4-5 centimetre; 5-6 days before transplanting, stronger ventilation hardening;

(4), during field planting, select the loam that drainage condition is good, every mu of fertilizer 300-400 kilogram executing to become thoroughly decomposed, ploughs deeply leveling, makes the high furrow that 1.2-1.5 rice is wide; Before lifting, is first watered in seedbed;

(5) tender strain of can gathering at any time before the abundant hypertrophy of stem is gone on the market; It is the optimum period gathering in the crops asparagus lettuce stem when asparagus lettuce top is equal with the tip of maximum blade; Autumn asparagus lettuce is in order to extend the listing phase, Delayed harvest, can adopt and pinch growing point and bud at fine day hand, or the rosette stage starts, spray 250-300 mg/kg chlormequat every 5-7 days 2-3 time, or spray 500 mg/kg maleic hydrazide 2 times when base portion is loose every 5 days.

2. the cultivation method of lettuce according to claim 1, is characterized in that: asparagus lettuce is collected seed and reserved seed for planting as well with the spring asparagus lettuce of surviving the winter, and reserves seed for planting between strain kind and isolates about 1000 meters; To select and remain robust growth, there is the plant of this variety characteristic, after pulling, keep seeding row spacing more than 33 centimetres square, remove Lao Ye, enrich rich water, ridging, urge collateral generation; Suitably extract part branch when blooming, insert pillar lodging-prevention, the florescence can not lack of water, reduces and pours water, Post flowering 20-25 days after blossom fall, and plant strain blade and normally turn to be yellow, seed be brown or silver gray, when giving birth to white pappus, gathers in time.