CN105272770A - Organic fertilizer specially used for heat insulation and moisture conservation of soil, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer specially used for heat insulation and moisture conservation of soil, and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105272770A CN105272770A CN201510615607.5A CN201510615607A CN105272770A CN 105272770 A CN105272770 A CN 105272770A CN 201510615607 A CN201510615607 A CN 201510615607A CN 105272770 A CN105272770 A CN 105272770A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic fertilizer specially used for heat insulation and moisture conservation of soil, and a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer is prepared from domestic mushroom residues, vinasse, tobacco powder, high-quality humic acid, a water retaining agent and a biological bacterium agent. The organic fertilizer allows organic matters to be continuously fermented in soil, and a mulch film is matched to maintain high temperature in the film, so harms of cold current and cold air are avoided, and waste heat is generated to improve the temperature of soil, thereby tobacco plants early grow and quickly tiller, the growth duration after transplant is shortened, and freeze injury of seasonal low temperature weather or cold waves to tobacco seedlings and untoward influences of later stage on ripening and harvesting of tobacco leaves are effectively avoided and solved; and the water retaining agent is added to the organic fertilizer to enhance soil organic colloid in order to form a water stable granule structure, so the water content of soil is maintained, and water loss of the soil is reduced to benefit drought resistance and seedling protection in order to ensure stable production and high quality of the tobacco leaves.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco planting field, relate in particular to a kind of fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, also relate to its preparation method simultaneously.
Background technology
This area tobacco often runs into the threat of low temperature and damage caused by a drought between breeding time, thus affects tobacco leaf stable yields and quality.Tobacco cultivation planting time generally in January to March, this, day and night temperature was large in period, and ground temperature is generally at about 10 DEG C, and the suitable ground temperature of tobacco is at 15 DEG C to 19 DEG C.For improving the quality of tobacco production and tobacco, when this low temperature season cultivating and growing, agricultural mulching must be covered on vega cultivating bed, heat is absorbed with mulch film, then conduct, be stored to soil, to increase and to promote the soil moisture and reduce moisture evaporation, for its cigarette seedling normal growth.In the seedling stage of tobacco leaf, if meet seasonal microthermal climate or cold wave is attacked, significantly can reduce the soil moisture, if microthermal climate or cold wave were more than 3 to 5 days, cigarette seedling can be subject to cold damage and meet arid making tobacco leaf top here wither, even withered.
At cigarette strain Later growth, meeting low temperature can affect tobacco leaf normal mature and gather.Next is at cigarette strain growing period, often has damage caused by a drought to occur, and large thickness ground does not have irrigation conditions, and damage caused by a drought threatens cigarette strain to grow, and affects tobacco leaf stable yields and quality.
Existing fermentation technique, during the fermentation overcure or semi-curing, the nutritive substances such as overcure organic matter and nitrogen have along with heat radiation in fermentation and decompose and volatilization, and nutritive substance loss is serious, brings great impact to its quality product and result of use.Semi-curing or cause fermentation not thorough because of production technique or because of reasons such as combination formulas, a lot of nutritive substance such as protein fails to convert to the material such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, amino acid of plant absorption, effective rate of utilization is lower, due to also in fermentation after incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, soil moisture, gentle outer temperature effect under can cause seedling and dead after exhaustion is burnt to the burning root of plant materials.Another factor affecting tobacco leaf production is arid, and the cigarette ground of this area does not have irrigation conditions mostly, although a chance damage caused by a drought mulch film can reduce part evaporation, soil moisture still can not be preserved very well.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, is to provide a kind of fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation and preparation method thereof.The present invention can make organic substance in soil, continue fermentation, coordinate lid mulch film, temperature in the shed is made to keep higher, avoid cold current and freezing air harm, produce the temperature that waste heat promotes soil, thus make cigarette strain early growth and quick tiller, shorten growing stage, effectively avoid and solve the freeze injury that cigarette seedling brings because of seasonal microthermal climate or cold wave, and the later stage is to tobacco leaf maturation and the disadvantageous effect of gathering; Strengthening soil organic colloid by adding water-holding agent in fertilizer, soil organic colloid can be strengthened and form water-stable granular structure, playing water retention, overcome or alleviate damage caused by a drought harm.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, it is made with the raw material of following weight proportion, edible fungus cluster slag 25 ~ 40 parts, 25 ~ 40 parts, vinasse, offal 10 ~ 20 parts, high-quality humic acid 10 ~ 20 parts, water-holding agent 0.0010 ~ 0.0050 part, biological inoculum 0.01 ~ 0.03 part.
Specifically, the described fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, it is made with the raw material of following weight proportion, edible fungus cluster slag 35 parts, 35 parts, vinasse, offal 15 parts, high-quality humic acid 15 parts, water-holding agent 0.0031 part, biological inoculum 0.02 part.
In the above-mentioned fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, in described edible fungus cluster slag: organic >=60.0%, N P and K total nutrient >=4%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 6 ~ 7; In described vinasse: organic >=50%, N P and K total nutrient >=5%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 2 ~ 4; In described offal: organic >=70%, N P and K total nutrient >=9%, moisture≤10%, pH value is 7 ~ 8; In described high-quality humic acid: organic >=60%, N P and K total nutrient >=3%, moisture≤20%, pH value is 5 ~ 6; In described biological inoculum: effective useful viable count every gram >=1,000,000,000.
The preparation method of the aforementioned fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, prepares in the steps below:
A, by preparing edible fungus cluster slag, vinasse, offal, high-quality humic acid in formulation material, obtain A product;
B, by A product stir, add the biological inoculum in formulation material, build fermentation heap, fermentation, cooling, obtain B product;
C, the water-holding agent added at B product in formulation material, broken, obtain C product;
D, C product are sieved, censorship, qualified product metering packing, gets product.
In the preparation method of the aforesaid fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, the fermentation step in described step b is: when fermentation heap temperature reaches 65 DEG C, and first time mechanical turning, stablizes 7 ~ 10 days after turning; When piling temperature drop to 55 DEG C, the mechanical turning of second time, is cooled to 42 DEG C after turning.
In the preparation method of the aforesaid fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, the fermentation heap piling height in described step b is 1.5-2 rice.
Specifically, the fermentation heap piling height in described step b is 1.5 meters.
In step b of the present invention, fermentation heap piling height is too low, as 1 meter and following time, the temperature of fermentation heap is is easily scattered and disappeared, impact fermentation.As fermentation heap piling height is too high, as 3 meters and above time, the oxygen of fermentation heap can be caused inadequate, thus impact fermentation.Desirable fermentation piling height is 1.5-2 rice, and the best is 1.5 meters.
Test example 1:
In order to verify effect on Guizhou the Northwest flue-cured tobacco of the fertilizer special for organic of soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation and application prospect further, within 2014, at 1 point: carry out testing and demonstrating in forests and streams tobacco leaf station, Qianxi County, now will test, Demonstration Summary be as follows:
One, great Qu simultaneous test
1.1 for examination material
Process the fertilizer special for organic of soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation is provided by Ling Feng compound fertilizer company limited; The fertilizer of contrast is provided by relevant departments of local tobacco company; Join that the chemical fertilizer process executed is consistent with contrast to be provided by relevant departments of local tobacco company.
1.2 wide field trial areas: each great Qu area 1 mu, process and corresponding contrast, amount to 2 Ge great districts, overall test area 2 mu.
1.3 in great Qu, and each selected 100 cigarette seedlings in treatment zone and check plot are that fixed point observation is to obtain testing data.
Two, content of the test
The fertilizer special for organic of the 2.1 pairs of soil heat preservations, soil moisture conservation to behind transplanting land for growing field crops, the impact of cigarette strain fertility.
2.2 on the fertilizer special for organic of soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation on the impact of yield of flue-cured tobacco, the output value.
The fertilizer special for organic test method of the 2.3 pairs of soil heat preservations, soil moisture conservation: check plot is by local conventional cultivation method; Treatment zone is except the fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation except changing conventional manure use, all by local conventional cultivation method.
Three, test results and analysis
3.1 on soil heat preservation soil moisture conservation fertilizer special for organic on the impact of flue-cured tobacco economical character.
The tobacco agronomy character investigation of table one land for growing field crops
3.2 on soil heat preservation soil moisture conservation fertilizer special for organic on the impact of tobacco leaf quality.
Table two land for growing field crops Yield and quality questionnaire
3.3 results and analysis, this test site does not have irrigation conditions, and mountain breeze is larger, drought of easily catching cold impact, by using, fertilizer being commonly used for contrasting with locality to the fertilizer special for organic of soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, comparing cigarette strain grown in field, economical character sees, because this Nian Tuan phase is on the low side to prosperous long-term temperature, rainwater is on the low side, causes cigarette strain growing way not strong.Test fixed point the survey showed that: cigarette strain be in group and prosperous long-term between, temperature is more on the low side than throughout the year, rainfall is than when throughout the year on the low side, treatment zone is affected obviously light than check plot, show, cigarette strain growing height is in group's phase process ratio contrast increase by 25.3%, prosperous long-term increase by 13.89%, waist leaf average area process comparison impinge upon group a phase make a call to 23.9%, prosperous for a long time large 27.4%, effective blade number process comparison impinges upon group's phase many 19.1%, prosperous long-term by also many 19.1%, ripening stage contrast occurs that early blossoming phenomenon also illustrates that it catches cold, drought impact is heavier than treatment zone.The fertilizer of above-mentioned explanation present treatment plays cold-resistant and drought resistance function to tobacco leaf, has insulation soil moisture conservation effect.
From table two, process increases by 15.8% than contrast per mu yield, but per mu yield value increases by 37.9%, and this is due to first-class tobacco leaf (+51.1%) and the larger reason of average price (19.1%) increasing degree.This also illustrates that the fertilizer of present treatment is not only in output, especially on quality of tobacco, and advantage more aobvious than contrast fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention can make organic substance in soil, continue fermentation, coordinate lid mulch film, temperature in the shed is made to keep higher, avoid cold current and freezing air harm, produce the temperature that waste heat promotes soil, thus make cigarette strain early growth and quick tiller, shorten growing stage, effectively avoid and solve the freeze injury that cigarette seedling brings because of seasonal microthermal climate or cold wave, and the later stage is to tobacco leaf maturation and the disadvantageous effect of gathering.
(2) strengthening soil organic colloid by adding water-holding agent in fertilizer, forming water-stable granular structure, keeping soil moisture content, reduce soil moisture and run off in order to keeping crop seedling from drought, guarantee tobacco leaf stable yield and high quality.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
To a fertilizer special for organic for soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, make with the raw material of following weight proportion, edible fungus cluster slag 35kg, vinasse 35kg, offal 15kg, high-quality humic acid 15kg, water-holding agent 0.0031kg, biological inoculum 0.02kg.
Concrete preparation method is as follows:
A, by preparing edible fungus cluster slag 35kg, vinasse 35kg, offal 15kg, high-quality humic acid 15kg in formulation material, obtain A product;
B, by A product stir, add the biological inoculum 0.02kg in formulation material, building fermentation heap piling height is 1.5 meters, fermentation, when fermentation heap temperature reaches 65 DEG C, first time mechanical turning, stablize 7 ~ 10 days after turning; When piling temperature drop to 55 DEG C, the mechanical turning of second time, is cooled to 42 DEG C after turning; Obtain B product;
C, the water-holding agent 0.0031kg added at B product in formulation material, broken, obtain C product;
D, C product are sieved, censorship, qualified product metering packing, gets product.
The manufacturer of described water-holding agent is: Yanggu dragon's fountain chemical plant, Shandong Province.
In described edible fungus cluster slag: organic >=60.0%, N P and K total nutrient >=4%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 6 ~ 7; In described vinasse: organic >=50%, N P and K total nutrient >=5%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 2 ~ 4; In described offal: organic >=70%, N P and K total nutrient >=9%, moisture≤10%, pH value is 7 ~ 8; In described high-quality humic acid: organic >=60%, N P and K total nutrient >=3%, moisture≤20%, pH value is 5 ~ 6; In described biological inoculum: effective useful viable count every gram >=1,000,000,000.
Embodiment 2.
To a fertilizer special for organic for soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, make with the raw material of following weight proportion, edible fungus cluster slag 25kg, vinasse 25kg, offal 10kg, high-quality humic acid 10kg, water-holding agent 0.0010kg, biological inoculum 0.01kg.
Concrete preparation method is as follows:
A, by preparing edible fungus cluster slag 25kg, vinasse 25kg, offal 10kg, high-quality humic acid 10kg in formulation material, obtain A product;
B, by A product stir, add the biological inoculum 0.01kg in formulation material, building fermentation heap piling height is 1.5 meters, fermentation, when fermentation heap temperature reaches 65 DEG C, first time mechanical turning, stablize 7 ~ 10 days after turning; When piling temperature drop to 55 DEG C, the mechanical turning of second time, is cooled to 42 DEG C after turning; Obtain B product;
C, the water-holding agent 0.0010kg added at B product in formulation material, broken, obtain C product;
D, C product are sieved, censorship, qualified product metering packing, gets product.
The manufacturer of described water-holding agent is: Yanggu dragon's fountain chemical plant, Shandong Province.
In described edible fungus cluster slag: organic >=60.0%, N P and K total nutrient >=4%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 6 ~ 7; In described vinasse: organic >=50%, N P and K total nutrient >=5%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 2 ~ 4; In described offal: organic >=70%, N P and K total nutrient >=9%, moisture≤10%, pH value is 7 ~ 8; In described high-quality humic acid: organic >=60%, N P and K total nutrient >=3%, moisture≤20%, pH value is 5 ~ 6; In described biological inoculum: effective useful viable count every gram >=1,000,000,000.
Embodiment 3.
To a fertilizer special for organic for soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, make with the raw material of following weight proportion, edible fungus cluster slag 40kg, vinasse 40kg, offal 20kg, high-quality humic acid 20kg, water-holding agent 0.0050kg, biological inoculum 0.03kg.
Concrete preparation method is as follows:
A, by preparing edible fungus cluster slag 40kg, vinasse 40kg, offal 20kg, high-quality humic acid 20kg in formulation material, obtain A product;
B, by A product stir, add the biological inoculum 0.03kg in formulation material, building fermentation heap piling height is 1.5 meters, fermentation, when fermentation heap temperature reaches 65 DEG C, first time mechanical turning, stablize 7 ~ 10 days after turning; When piling temperature drop to 55 DEG C, the mechanical turning of second time, is cooled to 42 DEG C after turning; Obtain B product;
C, the water-holding agent 0.0050kg added at B product in formulation material, broken, obtain C product;
D, C product are sieved, censorship, qualified product metering packing, gets product.
The manufacturer of described water-holding agent is: Yanggu dragon's fountain chemical plant, Shandong Province.
In described edible fungus cluster slag: organic >=60.0%, N P and K total nutrient >=4%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 6 ~ 7; In described vinasse: organic >=50%, N P and K total nutrient >=5%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 2 ~ 4; In described offal: organic >=70%, N P and K total nutrient >=9%, moisture≤10%, pH value is 7 ~ 8; In described high-quality humic acid: organic >=60%, N P and K total nutrient >=3%, moisture≤20%, pH value is 5 ~ 6; In described biological inoculum: effective useful viable count every gram >=1,000,000,000.
Operation instruction and the precaution of the aforementioned fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation are as follows:
Operation instruction:
1. rate of fertilizer application: the difference of, soil fertility meteorological according to tobacco varieties, breeding time, weather and different.General vega 300-500 kg/acre/season.
2. fertilization time: generally in sowing or first 10 days of field planting.
3. fertilizing method: this product is suitable for making base manure, can adopt spread manuer in holes, ditch spread or spread fertilizer over the fields.Must mix with soil during fertilising, spreading manuer in holes or topdress should impose on apart from plant root 20 cm, wants blinding and grasp to water according to soil humidity to pour water after fertilising.
Precaution:
1. fertilising time can not with sterilant, sterilant and herbicide mixture.Will earthing grasp according to soil humidity and water, pour water at once after fertilising.
2. avoid directly dressing seed and the root system and the blade that contact crop with fertilizer.
Direct sunlight and rainwater shower to be avoided when 3. storing this product, leave shady and cool dry place in.
4. rate of fertilizer application must be determined according to the size of soil fertility, crop varieties, plant and output.
5. for reaching the utilization ratio of best effect and raising fertilizer, fertilizer application please be coordinate and attention control disease and pest.
6. fertilizing time must rest in effective season.
Claims (7)
1. the fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation, it is characterized in that: it is made with the raw material of following weight proportion, edible fungus cluster slag 25 ~ 40 parts, 25 ~ 40 parts, vinasse, offal 10 ~ 20 parts, high-quality humic acid 10 ~ 20 parts, water-holding agent 0.0010 ~ 0.0050 part, biological inoculum 0.01 ~ 0.03 part.
2. the fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is made with the raw material of following weight proportion, edible fungus cluster slag 35 parts, 35 parts, vinasse, offal 15 parts, high-quality humic acid 15 parts, water-holding agent 0.0031 part, biological inoculum 0.02 part.
3. the fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described edible fungus cluster slag: organic >=60.0%, N P and K total nutrient >=4%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 6 ~ 7; In described vinasse: organic >=50%, N P and K total nutrient >=5%, moisture≤50%, pH value is 2 ~ 4; In described offal: organic >=70%, N P and K total nutrient >=9%, moisture≤10%, pH value is 7 ~ 8; In described high-quality humic acid: organic >=60%, N P and K total nutrient >=3%, moisture≤20%, pH value is 5 ~ 6; In described biological inoculum: effective useful viable count every gram >=1,000,000,000.
4. a preparation method for the fertilizer special for organic to soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that: prepare in the steps below:
A, by preparing edible fungus cluster slag, vinasse, offal, high-quality humic acid in formulation material, obtain A product;
B, by A product stir, add the biological inoculum in formulation material, build fermentation heap, fermentation, cooling, obtain B product;
C, the water-holding agent added at B product in formulation material, broken, obtain C product;
D, C product are sieved, censorship, qualified product metering packing, gets product.
5. the preparation method to the fertilizer special for organic of soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the fermentation step in described step b is: when fermentation heap temperature reaches 65 DEG C, and first time mechanical turning, stablizes 7 ~ 10 days after turning; When piling temperature drop to 55 DEG C, the mechanical turning of second time, is cooled to 42 DEG C after turning.
6. the preparation method to the fertilizer special for organic of soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the fermentation heap piling height in described step b is 1.5-2 rice.
7. the preparation method to the fertilizer special for organic of soil heat preservation, soil moisture conservation as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the fermentation heap piling height in described step b is 1.5 meters.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107324951A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-07 | 南阳天冠环保科技有限公司 | A kind of biological organic fertilizer |
| CN108440211A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-08-24 | 江苏盛禾资源环境科技有限责任公司 | A kind of ecological efficient organic type peanut composite fertilizer |
| CN110463567A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-19 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | A kind of soil cultivation agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110622822A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-31 | 西南大学 | Warming root-promoting agent for tobacco growth and use method thereof |
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| CN103708860A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 贵州凤泰禽业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer prepared from chicken manure and tobacco and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104892163A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-09 | 刘彬 | Organic/inorganic effervescent fertilizer with ground temperature increasing effect |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107324951A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-07 | 南阳天冠环保科技有限公司 | A kind of biological organic fertilizer |
| CN108440211A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-08-24 | 江苏盛禾资源环境科技有限责任公司 | A kind of ecological efficient organic type peanut composite fertilizer |
| CN110463567A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-19 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | A kind of soil cultivation agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110622822A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-31 | 西南大学 | Warming root-promoting agent for tobacco growth and use method thereof |
| CN110622822B (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2022-01-25 | 西南大学 | Warming root-promoting agent for tobacco growth and use method thereof |
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