CN105248230A - Method of planting sugar orange trees on mountain slope - Google Patents
Method of planting sugar orange trees on mountain slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN105248230A CN105248230A CN201510793802.7A CN201510793802A CN105248230A CN 105248230 A CN105248230 A CN 105248230A CN 201510793802 A CN201510793802 A CN 201510793802A CN 105248230 A CN105248230 A CN 105248230A
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- Prior art keywords
- granulated sugar
- sugar tangerine
- hillside
- liquid fertilizer
- plant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of planting sugar orange trees on a mountain slope. The method comprises the first step of preparation before planting, the second step of planting, wherein sugar orange tree seedlings are sequentially planted in different cement frame sets from bottom to top along the mountain slope according to successively increasing heights, and the third step of fertilization, wherein one month after the sugar orange trees are planted, a plurality of spherical gelatin sponges are placed nearby roots of each sugar orange tree seedling. According to the method, the mountain slope with the gradient between 36 degrees and 43 degrees and the orientation to the south is selected, the sugar orange tree seedlings with different heights are sequentially planted in different cement frame sets from bottom to top along the mountain slope according to successively increasing heights, the sugar orange tree seedlings are distributed in a step shape, it is guaranteed that all the sugar orange tree seedlings can enjoy sunlight within the maximum range, sunlight exposure is more sufficient, the sweetness of sugar oranges is improved, and the problem that the quality of sugar oranges is lowered because leaves on the lower sides of the sugar orange trees cannot be exposed to sunlight and illumination is uneven when the sugar orange trees are planted on flat land is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to granulated sugar tangerine implantation methods field, be specifically related to a kind of method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside.
Background technology
Granulated sugar tangerine is delicious and extremely sweet, without slag, delicate mouthfeel, real is good merchantable brand, and it contains abundant vitamin C, calcium, cellulosic, a small amount of protein, fat and abundant glucose, fructose, sucrose, malic acid, citric acid, citric acid and carotin, thiamine, vitamin b3, niacin, ascorbic acid, and the element of the needed by human such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, the sweet acid of granulated sugar tangerine taste, cold in nature, there is regulating qi-flowing for eliminating phlegm, moistening lung gut purge, effects such as invigorating the spleen of enriching blood, liking quite by people.Along with the development of society, along with improving constantly of people's living standard, also more and more higher to the requirement of food, but now in order to improve output and the output value of granulated sugar tangerine, peasant household can apply a large amount of chemical fertilizer, but a large amount of applyings of chemical fertilizer can cause soil compaction, the physical arrangement of soil also can be destroyed, cause its water conservation, fertilizer conservation, poor air permeability, if things go on like this, granulated sugar tangerine quality is more and more lower; And plantation granulated sugar tangerine is generally plant on level land now, on the downside of granulated sugar tangerine, leaf cannot be irradiated to sunlight, and solar radiation is uneven, thus causes the problem that granulated sugar tangerine sugariness is not enough, quality reduces.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the present invention selectes the hillside being oriented south that the gradient is 36 ~ 43 °, according to the order increased highly successively, the granulated sugar tangerine seedling of differing heights is planted in different cement frame group along hillside from lower to upper successively, the stepped distribution of granulated sugar tangerine seedling, ensure granulated sugar tangerine seedling can maximum magnitude enjoy sunlight, solar radiation is more abundant, improve the sugariness of granulated sugar tangerine, to avoid when level land planting granulated sugar tangerine leaf on the downside of granulated sugar tangerine and cannot be irradiated to sunlight, solar radiation is uneven, thus cause the problem that granulated sugar tangerine quality reduces, and on hillside, plant granulated sugar tangerine, the stability on hillside can also be improved.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Hillside is planted a method for granulated sugar tangerine, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before plantation
The selection gradient is the hillside being oriented south of 36 ~ 43 °, its soil layer is followed successively by by its surface to depth of soils thickness is not less than the sandy soil layer of 128 ~ 135cm, thickness is 24 ~ 26cm fine sand rock layers and thickness is the rock-soil layer of 24 ~ 26cm, wherein, the content of organic matter in the soil of described sandy soil layer is not less than 0.9%, and the particle diameter of the sandstone of described fine sand rock layers is 1.6 ~ 1.68mm;
On described hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill on build multiple cement frame group successively, each cement frame group is multiple length of side adjacent one another are is the cement frame of 3.7m, in each described cement frame, dig that diameter is 2.3m, the degree of depth is the hole of 56cm, spread a layer thickness at the end, hole be the water content of 3cm be 28 ~ 35% bamboo slag, toward the earthworm wherein throwing in 2 monthly ages, surface coverage water content is the gunny of 28 ~ 37%, wherein, the injected volume of described earthworm is each hole input 167 ~ 179 earthworms, after 18 days, open described gunny;
2) plant
Select the granulated sugar tangerine seedling reduced highly successively, a granulated sugar tangerine seedling is planted in each described cement frame, by the plantation of the shortest granulated sugar tangerine seedling bottom in the cement frame group at the foot of the hill, then according to the order increased highly successively, the granulated sugar tangerine seedling of differing heights is planted in different cement frame group along hillside from lower to upper successively, wherein, the maximum height of granulated sugar tangerine seedling is 85cm, and minimum altitude is 42cm;
3) apply fertilizer
A, plantation be after 3 days, take tree root as the center of circle, spraying liquid fertilizer in the radius scope that is 20cm, every granulated sugar tangerine seedling sprays liquid fertilizer described in 0.25 ~ 0.35kg;
B, plantation are after 1 month, the spherical gelfoam that 28 ~ 30 diameters are 3.8cm is evenly placed near the tree root of every granulated sugar tangerine seedling, wherein, described spherical gelfoam is through following pretreatment: place 4 ~ 5 described spherical gelfoams in liquid fertilizer described in every 1L, after leaving standstill 3h, by freezing in-4 DEG C for described spherical gelfoam, until no liquid flowing in described spherical gelfoam, then offer at its Surface coating surface uniform the polyurethane film that multiple diameter is first manhole of 1.5mm.
C, plant annual October in latter 10 years, tree root imposes described liquid fertilizer, and within the 1st year, every granulated sugar tangerine executes 0.75kg, described liquid fertilizer, and the amount of the described liquid fertilizer of follow-up annual applying is 1.1 times of the previous year.
Preferably, the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the making step of described liquid fertilizer is as follows:
Step one, get 208 ~ 223 portions of weter hyacinths by weight and 135 ~ 152 portions of water lettuces obtain the first mixture, the segment that chopping is 0.5cm for length mixes, spray the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 6.5 ~ 7.2% wherein, its fountain height is 5% of the weight of the first mixture, the water content being squeezed to the first mixture is 35 ~ 45%, be placed in hermetically sealed can fermentation 5 ~ 8 days, temperature is 41 ~ 46 DEG C, obtain the first tunning, vacuum filtration, the water content controlling filter residue is 6.5 ~ 8%, obtain the first fermentation residue and the first zymotic fluid, wherein, ferment the 2nd day time, nitrogen is passed in described hermetically sealed can, the speed of passing into is 0.3 ~ 0.5L/min, the time of passing into is 35min,
Step 2, get 112 ~ 121 parts of chicken manures by weight just, 129 ~ 130 parts of duck ight soil and 80 ~ 90 parts of earthworm ight soil obtain the second mixture, spray the microbe leaven that weight is 1.8% of the second mixture weight, spraying magnetized drinking water makes the water content of the second mixture be 28 ~ 35%, stir, described second mixture is placed in hermetically sealed can, extract air wherein to the Pressure Drop in hermetically sealed can to or lower than 0.01MPa, then nitrogen injection wherein, to hermetically sealed can, pressure is 0.04MPa, ferment 4 ~ 6 days, fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C, obtain the second fermentation product, drop into the fresh grapefruit skin that 3 ~ 4 parts of particle diameters are 1cm wherein, sealing and standing 1 day, vacuum filtration, obtain the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid,
Step 3, get that 4 ~ 6 parts of molecular weight are the polyvinyl alcohol of 12 ~ 150,000,80 ~ 96 parts of temperature are 22 DEG C of running water mixing by weight, swelling 5h at 30 DEG C, 90 DEG C are warming up to the programming rate of 5 DEG C/min, be stirred to polyvinyl alcohol to dissolve completely, and be incubated 3.6h, be cooled to 63 DEG C, obtain poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be incubated for subsequent use;
Step 4, by described first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid mixing, mix at 1: 6.8 in mass ratio with supercritical carbon dioxide, drop into supercritical extract tank, extracting pressure is 19.5MPa, and extraction temperature is 41 DEG C, collection extract;
Step 5, add described extract to described poly-vinyl alcohol solution, and add 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4 ~ 6 portions of brown sugar, mixing, stir 2 ~ 3h, leave standstill 30min, obtain described liquid fertilizer.
Preferably, in the soil of sandy soil layer described in the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the content of gravel is 45%.
Preferably, the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, described brown sugar is brown granulated sugar.
Preferably, the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the degree of depth of described cement frame is 35 ~ 38cm.
Preferably, the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the particle diameter of the grail of described fine sand rock layers is 8 ~ 12mm.
Preferably, the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, described cow dung is just the fresh excreta of the ox of long-term drinking water rice straw.
Preferably, the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the running water in described step 3 is through following pretreatment: be exposed to the sun under running water being placed in the sun 1 ~ 2 day.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention selectes the hillside being oriented south that the gradient is 36 ~ 43 °, multiple cement frame group is from bottom to top built on hillside successively, by the plantation of the shortest granulated sugar tangerine seedling in cement frame group bottom, then according to the order increased highly successively, the granulated sugar tangerine seedling of differing heights is planted in different cement frame group along hillside from lower to upper successively, so just by the stepped distribution successively from top to bottom of the granulated sugar tangerine seedling of differing heights, can ensure differing heights granulated sugar tangerine seedling can maximum magnitude enjoy sunlight, solar radiation is more abundant, improve the sugariness of granulated sugar tangerine, to avoid when level land planting granulated sugar tangerine leaf on the downside of granulated sugar tangerine and cannot be irradiated to sunlight, solar radiation is uneven, thus cause the problem that granulated sugar tangerine quality reduces, and on hillside, plant granulated sugar tangerine, the stability on hillside can also be improved, the hillside gradient is 36 ~ 43 °, both can ensure that granulated sugar tangerine maximum magnitude Time for Sunshine irradiated, can avoid again due to hillside precipitous and cause and make plant time personnel safety problem, the gradient is lower than 36 °, too mild, have between adjacent granulated sugar tangerine and block, receive solar radiation degree not good, the gradient is higher than 43 °, too precipitous, can safety problem be there is when personnel plant, nor be beneficial to granulated sugar tangerine and take root growth,
(2) the soil layer top layer in the present invention on hillside is the sandy soil layer that thickness is not less than 128 ~ 135cm, granulated sugar tangerine compare be adapted at sandy soil existence, if thickness is too small lower than 128cm, be unfavorable for the nutrition that the later stage grows up in the fixing of granulated sugar tangerine and granulated sugar tangerine root absorption soil, thickness is blocked up higher than 135cm, then require higher to hillside, selection range is less, and wherein, the content of organic matter in the soil of described sandy soil layer is not less than 0.9%, provides nutriment for the growth of granulated sugar tangerine and granulated sugar tangerine store sugar; And in each described cement frame, backfill stalk layer, tree slag blanket and nutrition soil layer successively, spraying mass fraction is the lime aqueous solution of 6%, sterilizing is carried out to Nutrition Soil, then covering water content is the gunny of 28 ~ 37%, stalk, tree slag, Nutrition Soil are kept the skin wet, prevent moisture evaporation too fast, stalk and tree slag are fully fermented, for the early growth of granulated sugar tangerine seedling provides nutrition, water content, lower than 28%, is difficult to ensure that needed for fermentation process water, water content is higher than 37%, easily cause excess moisture, bacterium transition is grown.
(3) the present invention is in plantation after 1 month, evenly 28 ~ 30 spherical gelfoams are placed near the tree root of every granulated sugar tangerine seedling, because spherical gelfoam has adsorbed a large amount of liquid fertilizers, and it is freezing through-8 DEG C, form solid, and at the polyurethane film of the concrete insulation effect of its Surface coating, and polyurethane film offers the through hole that multiple diameter is 1.5mm, make spherical gelfoam releasing liquid fertilizer gradually, for the growth of granulated sugar tangerine seedling provides nutrition, aperture is greater than 1.5mm, liquid fertilizer runs off too fast, easily cause waste, aperture is too small, industry manufactures inconvenience.
(4) the present invention throws in earthworm in hole, not only contribute to the permeability improving soil, improve the oxygen content in soil, improve the phenomenon that hardens of soil, and the ight soil that earthworm is discharged not only stores the necessary nutrient component of sugar containing granulated sugar tangerine, such as n-p-k element and amino acid, protein, but also containing a large amount of beneficial microbes and earthworm fibrinlytic enzyme.
(5) the present invention annual October in 10 years after planting, tree root imposes described liquid fertilizer, the amount of the described liquid fertilizer of follow-up annual applying is 1.1 times of the previous year, along with progressively growing up of granulated sugar tangerine, required fertilizer also gets more and more, and increases fertilizing amount so year by year, can meet the nutrition needed for the growth of granulated sugar tangerine, and applied amount is 1.1 times of the previous year, fertilizer also can not be caused to apply too much and cause burning tree root.
(6) liquid fertilizer that the present invention applies adopt chicken manure just, cow dung just and the organic waste such as earthworm ight soil as raw material; and adopt belong to the weter hyacinth of water body public hazards, water lettuce is raw material; make full use of organic waste; not only effectively improve the nutrient content such as silicon, calcium, magnesium of foliage fertilizer; improve the water-absorbing-retaining ability of foliage fertilizer; both made rational use of resources, reduced cost, be conducive to ecological protection again.
(7) the present invention is in the process preparing liquid fertilizer, in step one, add rice vinegar, has both ensured that yeasting is acid, has been conducive to the carrying out of fermenting; And containing a large amount of nutriments in rice vinegar, the chlorophyllous propagation of crops can be accelerated, improve the accumulation of utility rate of luminous energy and nutriment, can also promote that the leaf area of crops increases, thickens, photosynthetic area is increased, thus improves the output of crops.
(8) the present invention is in the process preparing liquid fertilizer, vacuum fermentation is adopted in step 2, fermentation pressure is 0.04MPa, sufficient predigestion is carried out to raw material, decompose, transform, macromolecular substances is converted into the small-molecule substance being beneficial to plant and absorbing, while shortening fermentation time, improve fermentation efficiency, effectively can also suppress the harmful microorganism content in fertilizer, what ensure that it ferments normally carries out, if fermentation pressure is lower than 0.04MPa, too high to equipment requirement, cost is higher, fermentation pressure is higher than 0.04MPa, same fermentation time, easy fermentation is incomplete.
(9) the present invention is in the process preparing liquid fertilizer, and the first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid are carried out supercritical carbon dioxide extracting, and in the process preparing liquid fertilizer, extract nutrient component more complete, efficiency is higher, and can not cause secondary pollution; Extracting pressure is 19.5MPa, now can meet extraction requirement, and extracting pressure is higher than 19.5MPa, then too high to equipment requirement, high cost, if cannot meet extraction requirement lower than 19.5MPa, effect of extracting is bad.
(10) in preparation process, poly-vinyl alcohol solution is added in the liquid fertilizer in the present invention, polyvinyl alcohol is uniquely can by the polyvinyl of bacterium as carbon source and using energy source, under the effect of bacterium and enzyme, 46 days degradables 75%, environmental pollution can not be caused, and be degraded gradually along with polyvinyl alcohol, the active ingredient of fertilizer is released slowly, thus can muchly for granulated sugar tangerine provides nutrient.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
Hillside is planted a method for granulated sugar tangerine, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before plantation
The selection gradient is the hillside being oriented south of 36 °, its soil layer is followed successively by by its surface to depth of soils thickness is not less than the sandy soil layer of 128cm, thickness is 24cm fine sand rock layers and thickness is the rock-soil layer of 24cm, wherein, the content of organic matter in the soil of described sandy soil layer is not less than 0.9%, and the particle diameter of the sandstone of described fine sand rock layers is 1.6mm;
On described hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill on build multiple cement frame group successively, each cement frame group is multiple length of side adjacent one another are is the cement frame of 3.7m, in each described cement frame, dig that diameter is 2.3m, the degree of depth is the hole of 56cm, spread a layer thickness at the end, hole be the water content of 3cm be 28% bamboo slag, toward the earthworm wherein throwing in 2 monthly ages, surface coverage water content is the gunny of 28%, wherein, the injected volume of described earthworm is each hole input 167 earthworms, after 18 days, open described gunny;
2) plant
Select the granulated sugar tangerine seedling reduced highly successively, a granulated sugar tangerine seedling is planted in each described cement frame, by the plantation of the shortest granulated sugar tangerine seedling bottom in the cement frame group at the foot of the hill, then according to the order increased highly successively, the granulated sugar tangerine seedling of differing heights is planted in different cement frame group along hillside from lower to upper successively, wherein, the maximum height of granulated sugar tangerine seedling is 85cm, and minimum altitude is 42cm;
3) apply fertilizer
A, plantation be after 3 days, take tree root as the center of circle, spraying liquid fertilizer in the radius scope that is 20cm, every granulated sugar tangerine seedling sprays liquid fertilizer described in 0.25kg;
B, plantation are after 1 month, the spherical gelfoam that 28 diameters are 3.8cm is evenly placed near the tree root of every granulated sugar tangerine seedling, wherein, described spherical gelfoam is through following pretreatment: place 4 described spherical gelfoams in liquid fertilizer described in every 1L, after leaving standstill 3h, by freezing in-4 DEG C for described spherical gelfoam, until no liquid flowing in described spherical gelfoam, then offer at its Surface coating surface uniform the polyurethane film that multiple diameter is first manhole of 1.5mm.
C, plant annual October in latter 10 years, tree root imposes described liquid fertilizer, and within the 1st year, every granulated sugar tangerine executes liquid fertilizer described in 0.75kg, and the amount of the described liquid fertilizer of follow-up annual applying is 1.1 times of the previous year.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the making step of described liquid fertilizer is as follows:
Step one, get 208 portions of weter hyacinths by weight and 135 portions of water lettuces obtain the first mixture, the segment that chopping is 0.5cm for length mixes, spray the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 6.5% wherein, its fountain height is 5% of the weight of the first mixture, the water content being squeezed to the first mixture is 35%, be placed in hermetically sealed can fermentation 5 days, temperature is 41 DEG C, obtain the first tunning, vacuum filtration, the water content controlling filter residue is 6.5%, obtain the first fermentation residue and the first zymotic fluid, wherein, ferment the 2nd day time, nitrogen is passed in described hermetically sealed can, the speed of passing into is 0.3L/min, the time of passing into is 35min,
Step 2, get 112 parts of chicken manures by weight just, 129 parts of duck ight soil and 80 ~ 90 parts of earthworm ight soil obtain the second mixture, spray the microbe leaven that weight is 1.8% of the second mixture weight, spraying magnetized drinking water makes the water content of the second mixture be 28%, stir, described second mixture is placed in hermetically sealed can, extract air wherein to the Pressure Drop in hermetically sealed can to or lower than 0.01MPa, then nitrogen injection wherein, to hermetically sealed can, pressure is 0.04MPa, ferment 4 days, fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C, obtain the second fermentation product, drop into the fresh grapefruit skin that 3 parts of particle diameters are 1cm wherein, sealing and standing 1 day, vacuum filtration, obtain the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid,
Step 3, get that 4 parts of molecular weight are the polyvinyl alcohol of 120,000,80 parts of temperature are 22 DEG C of running water mixing by weight, swelling 5h at 30 DEG C, 90 DEG C are warming up to the programming rate of 5 DEG C/min, be stirred to polyvinyl alcohol to dissolve completely, and be incubated 3.6h, be cooled to 63 DEG C, obtain poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be incubated for subsequent use;
Step 4, by described first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid mixing, mix at 1: 6.8 in mass ratio with supercritical carbon dioxide, drop into supercritical extract tank, extracting pressure is 19.5MPa, and extraction temperature is 41 DEG C, collection extract;
Step 5, add described extract to described poly-vinyl alcohol solution, and add 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4 portions of brown sugar, mixing, stir 2h, leave standstill 30min, obtain described liquid fertilizer.
In the soil of sandy soil layer described in the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the content of gravel is 45%.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, described brown sugar is brown granulated sugar.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the degree of depth of described cement frame is 35cm.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the particle diameter of the grail of described fine sand rock layers is 8mm.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, described cow dung is just the fresh excreta of the ox of long-term drinking water rice straw.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the running water in described step 3 is through following pretreatment: be exposed to the sun under running water being placed in the sun 1 day.
Embodiment 2
Hillside is planted a method for granulated sugar tangerine, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before plantation
The selection gradient is the hillside being oriented south of 40 °, its soil layer is followed successively by by its surface to depth of soils thickness is not less than the sandy soil layer of 132cm, thickness is 25cm fine sand rock layers and thickness is the rock-soil layer of 25cm, wherein, the content of organic matter in the soil of described sandy soil layer is not less than 0.9%, and the particle diameter of the sandstone of described fine sand rock layers is 1.64mm;
On described hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill on build multiple cement frame group successively, each cement frame group is multiple length of side adjacent one another are is the cement frame of 3.7m, in each described cement frame, dig that diameter is 2.3m, the degree of depth is the hole of 56cm, spread a layer thickness at the end, hole be the water content of 3cm be 32% bamboo slag, toward the earthworm wherein throwing in 2 monthly ages, surface coverage water content is the gunny of 32%, wherein, the injected volume of described earthworm is each hole input 170 earthworms, after 18 days, open described gunny;
2) plant
Select the granulated sugar tangerine seedling reduced highly successively, a granulated sugar tangerine seedling is planted in each described cement frame, by the plantation of the shortest granulated sugar tangerine seedling bottom in the cement frame group at the foot of the hill, then according to the order increased highly successively, the granulated sugar tangerine seedling of differing heights is planted in different cement frame group along hillside from lower to upper successively, wherein, the maximum height of granulated sugar tangerine seedling is 85cm, and minimum altitude is 42cm;
3) apply fertilizer
A, plantation be after 3 days, take tree root as the center of circle, spraying liquid fertilizer in the radius scope that is 20cm, every granulated sugar tangerine seedling sprays liquid fertilizer described in 0.3kg;
B, plantation are after 1 month, the spherical gelfoam that 29 diameters are 3.8cm is evenly placed near the tree root of every granulated sugar tangerine seedling, wherein, described spherical gelfoam is through following pretreatment: place 4 described spherical gelfoams in liquid fertilizer described in every 1L, after leaving standstill 3h, by freezing in-4 DEG C for described spherical gelfoam, until no liquid flowing in described spherical gelfoam, then offer at its Surface coating surface uniform the polyurethane film that multiple diameter is first manhole of 1.5mm.
C, plant annual October in latter 10 years, tree root imposes described liquid fertilizer, and within the 1st year, every granulated sugar tangerine executes liquid fertilizer described in 0.75kg, and the amount of the described liquid fertilizer of follow-up annual applying is 1.1 times of the previous year.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the making step of described liquid fertilizer is as follows:
Step one, get 215 portions of weter hyacinths by weight and 145 portions of water lettuces obtain the first mixture, the segment that chopping is 0.5cm for length mixes, spray the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 6.8% wherein, its fountain height is 5% of the weight of the first mixture, the water content being squeezed to the first mixture is 4%, be placed in hermetically sealed can fermentation 6 days, temperature is 44 DEG C, obtain the first tunning, vacuum filtration, the water content controlling filter residue is 7.2%, obtain the first fermentation residue and the first zymotic fluid, wherein, ferment the 2nd day time, nitrogen is passed in described hermetically sealed can, the speed of passing into is 0.4L/min, the time of passing into is 35min,
Step 2, get 118 parts of chicken manures by weight just, 129.5 parts of duck ight soil and 85 parts of earthworm ight soil obtain the second mixture, spray the microbe leaven that weight is 1.8% of the second mixture weight, spraying magnetized drinking water makes the water content of the second mixture be 31%, stir, described second mixture is placed in hermetically sealed can, extract air wherein to the Pressure Drop in hermetically sealed can to or lower than 0.01MPa, then nitrogen injection wherein, to hermetically sealed can, pressure is 0.04MPa, ferment 5 days, fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C, obtain the second fermentation product, drop into the fresh grapefruit skin that 3.5 parts of particle diameters are 1cm wherein, sealing and standing 1 day, vacuum filtration, obtain the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid,
Step 3, get that 5 parts of molecular weight are the polyvinyl alcohol of 130,000,85 parts of temperature are 22 DEG C of running water mixing by weight, swelling 5h at 30 DEG C, 90 DEG C are warming up to the programming rate of 5 DEG C/min, be stirred to polyvinyl alcohol to dissolve completely, and be incubated 3.6h, be cooled to 63 DEG C, obtain poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be incubated for subsequent use;
Step 4, by described first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid mixing, mix at 1: 6.8 in mass ratio with supercritical carbon dioxide, drop into supercritical extract tank, extracting pressure is 19.5MPa, and extraction temperature is 41 DEG C, collection extract;
Step 5, add described extract to described poly-vinyl alcohol solution, and add 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 portions of brown sugar, mixing, stir 2.5h, leave standstill 30min, obtain described liquid fertilizer.
In the soil of sandy soil layer described in the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the content of gravel is 45%.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, described brown sugar is brown granulated sugar.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the degree of depth of described cement frame is 36cm.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the particle diameter of the grail of described fine sand rock layers is 10mm.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, described cow dung is just the fresh excreta of the ox of long-term drinking water rice straw.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the running water in described step 3 is through following pretreatment: be exposed to the sun under running water being placed in the sun 1.5 days.
Embodiment 3
Hillside is planted a method for granulated sugar tangerine, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare before plantation
The selection gradient is the hillside being oriented south of 43 °, its soil layer is followed successively by by its surface to depth of soils thickness is not less than the sandy soil layer of 135cm, thickness is 26cm fine sand rock layers and thickness is the rock-soil layer of 26cm, wherein, the content of organic matter in the soil of described sandy soil layer is not less than 0.9%, and the particle diameter of the sandstone of described fine sand rock layers is 1.68mm;
On described hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill on build multiple cement frame group successively, each cement frame group is multiple length of side adjacent one another are is the cement frame of 3.7m, in each described cement frame, dig that diameter is 2.3m, the degree of depth is the hole of 56cm, spread a layer thickness at the end, hole be the water content of 3cm be 35% bamboo slag, toward the earthworm wherein throwing in 2 monthly ages, surface coverage water content is the gunny of 37%, wherein, the injected volume of described earthworm is each hole input 179 earthworms, after 18 days, open described gunny;
2) plant
Select the granulated sugar tangerine seedling reduced highly successively, a granulated sugar tangerine seedling is planted in each described cement frame, by the plantation of the shortest granulated sugar tangerine seedling bottom in the cement frame group at the foot of the hill, then according to the order increased highly successively, the granulated sugar tangerine seedling of differing heights is planted in different cement frame group along hillside from lower to upper successively, wherein, the maximum height of granulated sugar tangerine seedling is 85cm, and minimum altitude is 42cm;
3) apply fertilizer
A, plantation be after 3 days, take tree root as the center of circle, spraying liquid fertilizer in the radius scope that is 20cm, every granulated sugar tangerine seedling sprays liquid fertilizer described in 0.35kg;
B, plantation are after 1 month, the spherical gelfoam that 30 diameters are 3.8cm is evenly placed near the tree root of every granulated sugar tangerine seedling, wherein, described spherical gelfoam is through following pretreatment: place 5 described spherical gelfoams in liquid fertilizer described in every 1L, after leaving standstill 3h, by freezing in-4 DEG C for described spherical gelfoam, until no liquid flowing in described spherical gelfoam, then offer at its Surface coating surface uniform the polyurethane film that multiple diameter is first manhole of 4mm.
C, plant annual October in latter 10 years, tree root imposes described liquid fertilizer, and within the 1st year, every granulated sugar tangerine executes liquid fertilizer described in 0.75kg, and the amount of the described liquid fertilizer of follow-up annual applying is 1.1 times of the previous year.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the making step of described liquid fertilizer is as follows:
Step one, get 223 portions of weter hyacinths by weight and 152 portions of water lettuces obtain the first mixture, the segment that chopping is 0.5cm for length mixes, spray the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 7.2% wherein, its fountain height is 5% of the weight of the first mixture, the water content being squeezed to the first mixture is 45%, be placed in hermetically sealed can fermentation 8 days, temperature is 46 DEG C, obtain the first tunning, vacuum filtration, the water content controlling filter residue is 8%, obtain the first fermentation residue and the first zymotic fluid, wherein, ferment the 2nd day time, nitrogen is passed in described hermetically sealed can, the speed of passing into is 0.5L/min, the time of passing into is 35min,
Step 2, get 121 parts of chicken manures by weight just, 130 parts of duck ight soil and 90 parts of earthworm ight soil obtain the second mixture, spray the microbe leaven that weight is 1.8% of the second mixture weight, spraying magnetized drinking water makes the water content of the second mixture be 35%, stir, described second mixture is placed in hermetically sealed can, extract air wherein to the Pressure Drop in hermetically sealed can to or lower than 0.01MPa, then nitrogen injection wherein, to hermetically sealed can, pressure is 0.04MPa, ferment 6 days, fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C, obtain the second fermentation product, drop into the fresh grapefruit skin that 4 parts of particle diameters are 1cm wherein, sealing and standing 1 day, vacuum filtration, obtain the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid,
Step 3, get that 6 parts of molecular weight are the polyvinyl alcohol of 150,000,96 parts of temperature are 22 DEG C of running water mixing by weight, swelling 5h at 30 DEG C, 90 DEG C are warming up to the programming rate of 5 DEG C/min, be stirred to polyvinyl alcohol to dissolve completely, and be incubated 3.6h, be cooled to 63 DEG C, obtain poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be incubated for subsequent use;
Step 4, by described first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid mixing, mix at 1: 6.8 in mass ratio with supercritical carbon dioxide, drop into supercritical extract tank, extracting pressure is 19.5MPa, and extraction temperature is 41 DEG C, collection extract;
Step 5, add described extract to described poly-vinyl alcohol solution, and add 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 6 portions of brown sugar, mixing, stir 2 ~ 3h, leave standstill 30min, obtain described liquid fertilizer.
In the soil of sandy soil layer described in the described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the content of gravel is 45%.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, described brown sugar is brown granulated sugar.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the degree of depth of described cement frame is 38cm.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the particle diameter of the grail of described fine sand rock layers is 12mm.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, described cow dung is just the fresh excreta of the ox of long-term drinking water rice straw.
The described method of planting granulated sugar tangerine on hillside, the running water in described step 3 is through following pretreatment: be exposed to the sun under running water being placed in the sun 2 days.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.
Claims (8)
1. on hillside, plant a method for granulated sugar tangerine, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) prepare before plantation
The selection gradient is the hillside being oriented south of 36 ~ 43 °, its soil layer is followed successively by by its surface to depth of soils thickness is not less than the sandy soil layer of 128 ~ 135cm, thickness is 24 ~ 26cm fine sand rock layers and thickness is the rock-soil layer of 24 ~ 26cm, wherein, the content of organic matter in the soil of described sandy soil layer is not less than 0.9%, and the particle diameter of the sandstone of described fine sand rock layers is 1.6 ~ 1.68mm;
On described hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill on build multiple cement frame group successively, each cement frame group is multiple length of side adjacent one another are is the cement frame of 3.7m, in each described cement frame, dig that diameter is 2.3m, the degree of depth is the hole of 56cm, spread a layer thickness at the end, hole be the water content of 3cm be 28 ~ 35% bamboo slag, toward the earthworm wherein throwing in 2 monthly ages, surface coverage water content is the gunny of 28 ~ 37%, wherein, the injected volume of described earthworm is each hole input 167 ~ 179 earthworms, after 18 days, open described gunny;
2) plant
Select the granulated sugar tangerine seedling reduced highly successively, a granulated sugar tangerine seedling is planted in each described cement frame, by the plantation of the shortest granulated sugar tangerine seedling bottom in the cement frame group at the foot of the hill, then according to the order increased highly successively, the granulated sugar tangerine seedling of differing heights is planted in different cement frame group along hillside from lower to upper successively, wherein, the maximum height of granulated sugar tangerine seedling is 85cm, and minimum altitude is 42cm;
3) apply fertilizer
A, plantation be after 3 days, take tree root as the center of circle, spraying liquid fertilizer in the radius scope that is 20cm, every granulated sugar tangerine seedling sprays liquid fertilizer described in 0.25 ~ 0.35kg;
B, plantation are after 1 month, the spherical gelfoam that 28 ~ 30 diameters are 3.8cm is evenly placed near the tree root of every granulated sugar tangerine seedling, wherein, described spherical gelfoam is through following pretreatment: place 4 ~ 5 described spherical gelfoams in liquid fertilizer described in every 1L, after leaving standstill 3h, by freezing in-4 DEG C for described spherical gelfoam, until no liquid flowing in described spherical gelfoam, then offer at its Surface coating surface uniform the polyurethane film that multiple diameter is first manhole of 1.5mm;
C, plant annual October in latter 10 years, tree root imposes described liquid fertilizer, and within the 1st year, every granulated sugar tangerine executes liquid fertilizer described in 0.75kg, and the amount of the described liquid fertilizer of follow-up annual applying is 1.1 times of the previous year.
2. on hillside, plant the method for granulated sugar tangerine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the making step of described liquid fertilizer is as follows:
Step one, get 208 ~ 223 portions of weter hyacinths by weight and 135 ~ 152 portions of water lettuces obtain the first mixture, the segment that chopping is 0.5cm for length mixes, spray the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 6.5 ~ 7.2% wherein, its fountain height is 5% of the weight of the first mixture, the water content being squeezed to the first mixture is 35 ~ 45%, be placed in hermetically sealed can fermentation 5 ~ 8 days, temperature is 41 ~ 46 DEG C, obtain the first tunning, vacuum filtration, the water content controlling filter residue is 6.5 ~ 8%, obtain the first fermentation residue and the first zymotic fluid, wherein, ferment the 2nd day time, nitrogen is passed in described hermetically sealed can, the speed of passing into is 0.3 ~ 0.5L/min, the time of passing into is 35min,
Step 2, get 112 ~ 121 parts of chicken manures by weight just, 129 ~ 130 parts of duck ight soil and 80 ~ 90 parts of earthworm ight soil obtain the second mixture, spray the microbe leaven that weight is 1.8% of the second mixture weight, spraying magnetized drinking water makes the water content of the second mixture be 28 ~ 35%, stir, described second mixture is placed in hermetically sealed can, extract air wherein to the Pressure Drop in hermetically sealed can to or lower than 0.01MPa, then nitrogen injection wherein, to hermetically sealed can, pressure is 0.04MPa, ferment 4 ~ 6 days, fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C, obtain the second fermentation product, drop into the fresh grapefruit skin that 3 ~ 4 parts of particle diameters are 1cm wherein, sealing and standing 1 day, vacuum filtration, obtain the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid,
Step 3, get that 4 ~ 6 parts of molecular weight are the polyvinyl alcohol of 12 ~ 150,000,80 ~ 96 parts of temperature are 22 DEG C of running water mixing by weight, swelling 5h at 30 DEG C, 90 DEG C are warming up to the programming rate of 5 DEG C/min, be stirred to polyvinyl alcohol to dissolve completely, and be incubated 3.6h, be cooled to 63 DEG C, obtain poly-vinyl alcohol solution, be incubated for subsequent use;
Step 4, by described first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid mixing, mix at 1: 6.8 in mass ratio with supercritical carbon dioxide, drop into supercritical extract tank, extracting pressure is 19.5MPa, and extraction temperature is 41 DEG C, collection extract;
Step 5, add described extract to described poly-vinyl alcohol solution, and add 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4 ~ 6 portions of brown sugar, mixing, stir 2 ~ 3h, leave standstill 30min, obtain described liquid fertilizer.
3. on hillside, plant the method for granulated sugar tangerine as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the soil of described sandy soil layer, the content of gravel is 45%.
4. on hillside, plant the method for granulated sugar tangerine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described brown sugar is brown granulated sugar.
5. on hillside, plant the method for granulated sugar tangerine as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described cement frame is 35 ~ 38cm.
6. on hillside, plant the method for granulated sugar tangerine as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter of the grail of described fine sand rock layers is 8 ~ 12mm.
7. on hillside, plant the method for granulated sugar tangerine as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described cow dung is just the fresh excreta of the ox of long-term drinking water rice straw.
8. on hillside, plant the method for granulated sugar tangerine as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the running water in described step 3 is through following pretreatment: be exposed to the sun under running water being placed in the sun 1 ~ 2 day.
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