CN105453976B - The method that orange tree is planted on hillside - Google Patents
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside Download PDFInfo
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- CN105453976B CN105453976B CN201510795280.4A CN201510795280A CN105453976B CN 105453976 B CN105453976 B CN 105453976B CN 201510795280 A CN201510795280 A CN 201510795280A CN 105453976 B CN105453976 B CN 105453976B
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside of the present invention, comprises the following steps：1) prepare before plantation；2) plant, plant orange sapling in different cement frame groups successively from lower to upper along hillside according to the order highly successively increased；3) apply fertilizer, after planting 1 month, multiple spherical gelfoams are placed around in the tree root of every orange sapling；The hillside for being oriented south that the selected gradient of the present invention is 37~45 °, the orange sapling of different height is planted along hillside in different cement frame groups successively from lower to upper according to the order highly successively increased, the stepped distribution of orange sapling, ensure orange sapling can maximum magnitude enjoy sunlight, sunlight is more abundant, improve the sugariness of orange, sunlight can not be irradiated to by avoiding orange tree downside leaf when orange tree is planted on level land, sunlight is uneven, the problem of reduction so as to cause orange quality；And orange tree is planted on hillside, the stability on hillside can also be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to orange tree planting method fields, and in particular to a kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside.
Background technology
Orange taste is sour-sweet, promotes the production of body fluid to quench thirst, and rich in abundant vitamin C, P, can be effectively increased Abwehrkraft des Koepers, reduce blood
Cholesterol level in liquid, and constipation vegetal pole horn of plenty can be effectively treated, old children is all suitable, is quite liked by people.With
The development of society, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the requirement to food is also higher and higher, but now in order to carry
The yield and the output value of high orange, peasant household can apply a large amount of chemical fertilizer, but a large amount of apply of chemical fertilizer can cause soil hardening, soil
Physical arrangement can also be destroyed, and cause its water conservation, fertilizer conservation, poor air permeability, and if things go on like this, orange quality is more and more lower；And
Plantation orange tree is usually to be planted on level land now, and leaf can not be irradiated to sunlight on the downside of orange tree, and sunlight is uneven,
The problem of being reduced so as to cause orange sugariness deficiency, quality.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be capable of providing a kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the selected gradient of the present invention
For 37~45 ° of the hillside for being oriented south, according to the order highly successively increased by the orange sapling of different height along hillside
It plants successively from lower to upper in different cement frame groups, the stepped distribution of orange sapling, ensures that orange sapling can be maximum
Scope enjoys sunlight, and sunlight is more abundant, improves the sugariness of orange, avoids orange when orange tree is planted on level land
Tree downside leaf can not be irradiated to sunlight, and sunlight is uneven, the problem of reduction so as to cause orange quality；And on hillside
Upper plantation orange tree can also improve the stability on hillside.
Technical solution provided by the invention is：
A kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside, comprises the following steps：
1) prepare before plantation
Selecting the gradient, soil layer is followed successively by thickness by its surface to depth of soils for 37~45 ° of the hillside for being oriented south
The rock-soil layer that the fine sand rock layers and thickness that sandy soil layer, thickness not less than 121cm are 35~45cm are 25~30cm,
In, for the content of organic matter in the soil of the sandy soil layer not less than 0.8%, the grain size of the sandstone of the fine sand rock layers is 1.72
~1.82mm；
On hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill and on pour multiple cement frame groups successively, each cement frame group is multiple
The length of side adjacent to each other is the cement frame of 3.5m, and it is 1 to backfill thickness proportion in each cement frame successively from down to up:
1:2 stalk layer, tree slag blanket and nutrition soil layer, then sprays the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 6%, fountain height is each
The cement frame sprays 118~152g lime water solution, finally covers the gunny that water content is 30~38%, wherein institute
The water content for stating the tree slag in tree slag blanket is after 23~30%, 20 days, opens the gunny；
2) plant
The orange sapling that selection height reduces successively each plants an orange sapling in the cement frame, will be most short
Orange sapling plant in cement frame group of the bottom close to the foot of the hill, then according to the order highly successively increased by difference
The orange sapling of height is planted along hillside in different cement frame groups successively from lower to upper, wherein, the highest of orange sapling
Highly it is 80cm, minimum altitude 40cm；
3) apply fertilizer
A, after planting 3 days, liquid fertilizer, every orange tree are sprayed in the range of being 20cm as the center of circle, radius using tree root
Seedling sprays liquid fertilizer described in 0.2~0.3kg；
B, after planting 1 month, the spherical shape of 28~30 a diameter of 4cm is uniformly placed near the tree root of every orange sapling
Gelfoam, wherein, the spherical shape gelfoam passes through following pretreatment：It is placed in liquid fertilizer described in per 1L described in 4~5
Spherical gelfoam, after standing 3h, by the spherical gelfoam in -8 DEG C of freezings, until aneroid in the spherical gelfoam
Body flows, and the polyurethane film of the first circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 2.5mm is then uniformly opened up in its surface clad surface.
C, annual October, tree root impose the liquid fertilizer in 10 years after planting, and every orange tree applies 0.75kg institutes within the 1st year
Liquid fertilizer is stated, the amount for subsequently applying the liquid fertilizer every year is 1.1 times of the previous year.
Preferably, a kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the making step of the liquid fertilizer is such as
Under：
Step 1: 200~220 portions of water hyacinths and 140~150 portions of water lettuces is taken to obtain the first mixture by weight, cut
Broken is the segment mixing that length is 0.5cm, sprays the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 7% thereto, fountain height is mixed for first
The 5% of the weight of object is closed, it is 35~45% to squeeze to the water content of mixture, is placed in hermetically sealed can and ferments 5~8 days, temperature is
38~45 DEG C, the first tunning is obtained, is filtered by vacuum, controls the water content of filter residue as 4~6%, obtains the first fermentation residue and the
One zymotic fluid, wherein the water content of first fermentation residue is 4~6%, wherein, at the 2nd day, nitrogen is passed through into the hermetically sealed can
Gas is passed through speed as 0.2~0.35L/min, is passed through the time as 35min；
Step 2: taking 100~120 parts of rice bars, 128~130 parts of cow dungs just by weight and 80~90 parts of wormcasts
Just the second mixture is mixed to obtain, sprinkling weight is 1.8% microbe leaven of the second mixture weight, then mixed second
The plastic film that the covering of object surface opens up the second circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 6mm is closed, is covered in Plastic film surface aqueous
The non-woven fabrics for 38~45% is measured, is placed under the sun 2h that is exposed to the sun, the water content that water causes mixture is added in into the second mixture
For 79~85%, ferrous sulfate solution that sprinkling mass fraction is 4.8~5.0% pH of water into mixture is 6.3~6.7,
It is subsequently placed in indoor standing 4~5 days, obtains the second fermentate, be filtered by vacuum, obtain the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid, wherein,
The activated carbon that 5 parts of grain sizes are 3mm is put into when standing the 3rd day thereto, the activated carbon surface coats one layer of water permeable membrane, then coats
One layer of gunny；
Step 3: by first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid mix, obtain mixed fermentation liquid, by atmos low-temperature etc. from
The nozzle of daughter device is submerged below the liquid level of the mixed fermentation liquid, is passed through in the atmos low-temperature plasma device
Oxygen and nitrogen mass ratio are 1:24 mixed gas, then opens electric discharge device, and discharge treatment 3min allows the air to force down
The low temperature plasma that isothermal plasma device generates is contacted with mixed fermentation liquid, and sterilization processing is carried out to it, obtains sterilizing hair
Zymotic fluid；
Step 4: by the sterilization fermentation liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide in mass ratio 1:6.8 mixing, put into overcritical extraction
Tank, extracting pressure 17.8MPa are taken, extraction temperature is 39 DEG C, collects extract liquor；
It Step 5: adding in 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4~6 portions of brown sugar and 4~6 parts of tap water to the extract liquor, mixes, stirring
2~3h stands 30min, obtains the liquid fertilizer.
Preferably, the method that orange tree is planted on hillside, gravel contains in the soil of the sandy soil layer
It measures as 45%.
Preferably, the method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the brown sugar are brown granulated sugar.
Preferably, the method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the depth of the cement frame is 35~38cm.
Preferably, the method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the grain size of the grail of the fine sand rock layers is 8
~12mm.
Preferably, the method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the cow dung are just long-term drinking water rice straw
The fresh excreta of ox.
Preferably, the method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the tap water in the step 5 pass through following
Pretreatment：Tap water is placed under the sun and is exposed to the sun 1~2 day.
The present invention includes at least following advantageous effect：
(1) hillside for being oriented south that the selected gradient of the present invention is 37~45 °, from bottom to top pours more successively on hillside
A cement frame group plants most short orange sapling in the lowermost cement frame group, then according to highly successively increasing
Order the orange sapling of different height is planted along hillside in different cement frame groups successively from lower to upper, thus will
The orange sapling of different height stepped distribution successively from top to bottom, it is ensured that the orange sapling of different height can be maximum
Scope enjoys sunlight, and sunlight is more abundant, improves the sugariness of orange, avoids orange when orange tree is planted on level land
Tree downside leaf can not be irradiated to sunlight, and sunlight is uneven, the problem of reduction so as to cause orange quality；And on hillside
Upper plantation orange tree can also improve the stability on hillside, and the hillside gradient is 37~45 °, can both ensure granulated sugar tangerine maximum
Scope Time for Sunshine irradiates, but when can cause to avoid precipitous due to hillside and cause plantation personnel safety problem, the gradient
It less than 37 °, excessively gently, has and blocks between adjacent granulated sugar tangerine, reception sunlight degree is bad, and the gradient is higher than 45 °, mistake
In precipitous, personnel can be there are safety problem when planting, nor takes root growth beneficial to granulated sugar tangerine.
(2) the soil layer surface layer in the present invention on hillside is not less than the sandy soil layer of 121cm for thickness, and orange is relatively suitble to
Sandy soil is survived, if thickness is too small less than 121cm, is unfavorable for the later stage adult fixation of orange tree and orange usage tree root absorbent earth
Nutrition in earth, thickness is blocked up to be higher than 138cm, then more demanding to hillside, selection range is smaller, and wherein, the sandy soil
The content of organic matter in the soil of layer stores sugar and provides nutriment not less than 0.8% for the growth of orange tree and orange；
And backfill stalk layer, tree slag blanket and nutrition soil layer successively in each cement frame, sprinkling mass fraction is 6%
Lime aqueous solution, to Nutrition Soil carry out sterilizing, then cover water content be 30~38% gunny, to stalk, tree slag,
Nutrition Soil keeps the skin wet, and prevents that moisture evaporation is too fast so that stalk and tree slag are fully fermented, and are that the early period of orange sapling gives birth to
Long to provide nutrition, water content is less than 30%, it is difficult to ensure the required of fermentation process water, water content is higher than 38%, be easy to cause water
Divide excessive, bacterium transition growth.
(3) present invention plantation 1 month after, uniformly placed near the tree root of every orange sapling 28~30 it is a diameter of
The spherical gelfoam of 4cm since spherical gelfoam has adsorbed substantial amounts of liquid fertilizer, and -8 DEG C of freezings of process, is formed solid
Body, and the polyurethane film of specific insulation effect is coated on its surface, and polyurethane film opens up the logical of multiple a diameter of 2.5mm
Hole so that spherical gelfoam gradually discharges liquid fertilizer, provides nutrition for the growth of orange sapling, aperture is more than 2.5mm, liquid
Body fertilizer loss is too fast, be easy to cause waste, and aperture is too small, and industry manufacture is inconvenient.
(4) annual October, tree root impose the liquid fertilizer to the present invention in 10 years after planting, described in follow-up annual application
The amount of liquid fertilizer is 1.1 times of the previous year, and with progressively growing up for orange tree, required fertilizer is also more and more, so year by year
Increase dose, the nutrition needed for the growth of orange tree can be met.
(5) liquid fertilizer that applies of the present invention using paddy stalk, cow dung just and the organic wastes such as earthworm manure are made
For raw material, and the water hyacinth for belonging to water body public hazards, water lettuce is used to make full use of organic waste, not only effectively for raw material
The nutrient contents such as silicon, the calcium and magnesium of foliar fertilizer are improved, improve the water-absorbing-retaining ability of foliar fertilizer, both rationally utilize resource, drop
Low cost, and be conducive to ecological protection.
(6) present invention adds rice vinegar during liquid fertilizer is prepared in step 1, has both ensured yeasting for acid
Property, be conducive to the progress of fermentation；And it can accelerate the multiplication of crops chlorophyll containing substantial amounts of nutriment in rice vinegar, carry
The accumulation of high-light-energy utilization rate and nutriment, moreover it is possible to the leaf area of crops be promoted to increase, thicken so that photosynthetic face
Product increase, so as to improve the yield of crops.
(7) present invention utilizes low-temperature plasma sterilization, low temperature etc. during liquid fertilizer is prepared in step 3
Gas ions destroy harmful microbe cell body and hereditary material DNA, can be realized fast and efficiently under room temperature, condition of normal pressure
Active ingredient in mixed fermentation liquid can be excited by murdering harmful bacteria, and safety and environmental protection, noresidue, and electrion, be made
It is further broken into the small molecule particle easily absorbed by plant, further improves the utilization rate of fertilizer.
(8) the first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid are carried out overcritical dioxy by the present invention during liquid fertilizer is prepared
Change carbon extraction, during liquid fertilizer is prepared, extraction nutritional ingredient is more complete, more efficient, and will not cause secondary
Pollution；Extracting pressure is 17.8MPa, can meet extraction requirement at this time, extracting pressure is higher than 17.8MPa, then to equipment requirement
Excessively high, cost is excessively high, if can not meet extraction requirement less than 17.8MPa, effect of extracting is bad.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification
Word can be implemented according to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside, comprises the following steps：
1) prepare before plantation
Selecting the gradient, it is not low that soil layer by its surface to depth of soils is followed successively by thickness for 37 ° of the hillside for being oriented south
In sandy soil layer, the thickness of 121cm be 35cm fine sand rock layers and thickness be 25cm rock-soil layer, wherein, the sandy soil
For the content of organic matter in the soil of layer not less than 0.8%, the grain size of the sandstone of the fine sand rock layers is 1.72mm；
On hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill and on pour multiple cement frame groups successively, each cement frame group is multiple
The length of side adjacent to each other is the cement frame of 3.5m, and it is 1 to backfill thickness proportion in each cement frame successively from down to up:
1:2 stalk layer, tree slag blanket and nutrition soil layer, then sprays the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 6%, fountain height is each
The cement frame sprays 118g lime water solution, the gunny that water content is 30~38% is finally covered, wherein the tree
After the water content of tree slag in slag blanket is 23%, 20 days, the gunny is opened；
2) plant
The orange sapling that selection height reduces successively each plants an orange sapling in the cement frame, will be most short
Orange sapling plant in cement frame group of the bottom close to the foot of the hill, then according to the order highly successively increased by difference
The orange sapling of height is planted along hillside in different cement frame groups successively from lower to upper, wherein, the highest of orange sapling
Highly it is 80cm, minimum altitude 40cm；
3) apply fertilizer
A, after planting 3 days, liquid fertilizer, every orange tree are sprayed in the range of being 20cm as the center of circle, radius using tree root
Liquid fertilizer described in seedling sprinkling 0.2kg；
B, after planting 1 month, the spherical gelatin of 28 a diameter of 4cm is uniformly placed near the tree root of every orange sapling
Sponge, wherein, the spherical shape gelfoam passes through following pretreatment：It is bright that 4 spherical shapes are placed in liquid fertilizer described in per 1L
Gelatin sponge, after standing 3h, by the spherical gelfoam in -8 DEG C of freezings, until no liquid stream in the spherical gelfoam
It is dynamic, the polyurethane film of the first circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 2.5mm is then uniformly opened up in its surface clad surface.
C, annual October, tree root impose the liquid fertilizer in 10 years after planting, and every orange tree applies 0.75kg institutes within the 1st year
Liquid fertilizer is stated, the amount for subsequently applying the liquid fertilizer every year is 1.1 times of the previous year.
A kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the making step of the liquid fertilizer are as follows：
Step 1: 200 portions of water hyacinths and 140 portions of water lettuces is taken to obtain the first mixture by weight, shred and be for length
The segment mixing of 0.5cm, sprays the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 7% thereto, and fountain height is the weight of the first mixture
5%, squeeze the water content to mixture as 35%, be placed in hermetically sealed can and ferment 5 days, temperature is 38 DEG C, obtains the first fermentation and produces
Object, vacuum filtration, the water content for controlling filter residue is 4%, obtains the first fermentation residue and the first zymotic fluid, wherein first fermentation
The water content of slag is 4%, wherein, at the 2nd day, nitrogen is passed through into the hermetically sealed can, it is 0.2L/min to be passed through speed, when being passed through
Between be 35min；
Step 2: taking 100 parts of rice bars, 128 parts of cow dungs just by weight and 80 parts of earthworm manures mix second mixed
Object is closed, sprinkling weight is 1.8% microbe leaven of the second mixture weight, and then covering is opened on the second mixture surface
If the plastic film of the second circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 6mm, the nonwoven for being 38% in Plastic film surface covering water content
Cloth is placed under the sun 2h that is exposed to the sun, and water is added in into the second mixture and so that the water content of mixture is 79%, sprays mass fraction
For 4.8% ferrous sulfate solution into mixture the pH of water be 6.3, be subsequently placed in indoor standing 4~5 days, obtain the second fermentation
Object, vacuum filtration, obtains the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid, wherein, 5 parts of grain sizes are put into when standing the 3rd day thereto as 3mm
Activated carbon, the activated carbon surface coats one layer of water permeable membrane, then coats one layer of gunny；
Step 3: by first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid mix, obtain mixed fermentation liquid, by atmos low-temperature etc. from
The nozzle of daughter device is submerged below the liquid level of the mixed fermentation liquid, is passed through in the atmos low-temperature plasma device
Oxygen and nitrogen mass ratio are 1:24 mixed gas, then opens electric discharge device, and discharge treatment 3min allows the air to force down
The low temperature plasma that isothermal plasma device generates is contacted with mixed fermentation liquid, and sterilization processing is carried out to it, obtains sterilizing hair
Zymotic fluid；
Step 4: by the sterilization fermentation liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide in mass ratio 1:6.8 mixing, put into overcritical extraction
Tank, extracting pressure 17.8MPa are taken, extraction temperature is 39 DEG C, collects extract liquor；
Step 5: adding in 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4 portions of brown sugar and 4 parts of tap water to the extract liquor, 2h is stirred in mixing, quiet
30min is put, obtains the liquid fertilizer.
The described method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the content of gravel is 45% in the soil of the sandy soil layer.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the brown sugar are brown granulated sugar.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the depth of the cement frame is 35cm.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the grain size of the grail of the fine sand rock layers is 8mm.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the cow dung are just the fresh of the long-term ox for absorbing water rice straw
Excrement.
The described method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the tap water in the step 5 is by following pretreatment：It will
Tap water, which is placed under the sun, to be exposed to the sun 1 day.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside, comprises the following steps：
1) prepare before plantation
Selecting the gradient, it is not low that soil layer by its surface to depth of soils is followed successively by thickness for 41 ° of the hillside for being oriented south
In sandy soil layer, the thickness of 127cm be 38cm fine sand rock layers and thickness be 27cm rock-soil layer, wherein, the sandy soil
For the content of organic matter in the soil of layer not less than 0.8%, the grain size of the sandstone of the fine sand rock layers is 1.78mm；
On hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill and on pour multiple cement frame groups successively, each cement frame group is multiple
The length of side adjacent to each other is the cement frame of 3.5m, and it is 1 to backfill thickness proportion in each cement frame successively from down to up:
1:2 stalk layer, tree slag blanket and nutrition soil layer, then sprays the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 6%, fountain height is each
The cement frame sprays 142g lime water solution, the gunny that water content is 36% is finally covered, wherein the tree slag blanket
In tree slag water content after 27%, 20 days, to open the gunny；
2) plant
The orange sapling that selection height reduces successively each plants an orange sapling in the cement frame, will be most short
Orange sapling plant in cement frame group of the bottom close to the foot of the hill, then according to the order highly successively increased by difference
The orange sapling of height is planted along hillside in different cement frame groups successively from lower to upper, wherein, the highest of orange sapling
Highly it is 80cm, minimum altitude 40cm；
3) apply fertilizer
A, after planting 3 days, liquid fertilizer, every orange tree are sprayed in the range of being 20cm as the center of circle, radius using tree root
Liquid fertilizer described in seedling sprinkling 0.25kg；
B, after planting 1 month, the spherical gelatin of 29 a diameter of 4cm is uniformly placed near the tree root of every orange sapling
Sponge, wherein, the spherical shape gelfoam passes through following pretreatment：It is bright that 4 spherical shapes are placed in liquid fertilizer described in per 1L
Gelatin sponge, after standing 3h, by the spherical gelfoam in -8 DEG C of freezings, until no liquid stream in the spherical gelfoam
It is dynamic, the polyurethane film of the first circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 2.5mm is then uniformly opened up in its surface clad surface.
C, annual October, tree root impose the liquid fertilizer in 10 years after planting, and every orange tree applies 0.75kg institutes within the 1st year
Liquid fertilizer is stated, the amount for subsequently applying the liquid fertilizer every year is 1.1 times of the previous year.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the making step of the liquid fertilizer are as follows：
Step 1: 210 portions of water hyacinths and 145 portions of water lettuces is taken to obtain the first mixture by weight, shred and be for length
The segment mixing of 0.5cm, sprays the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 7% thereto, and fountain height is the weight of the first mixture
5%, squeeze the water content to mixture as 40%, be placed in hermetically sealed can and ferment 6 days, temperature is 42 DEG C, obtains the first fermentation and produces
Object, vacuum filtration, the water content for controlling filter residue is 5%, obtains the first fermentation residue and the first zymotic fluid, wherein first fermentation
The water content of slag is 5%, wherein, at the 2nd day, nitrogen is passed through into the hermetically sealed can, it is 0.28L/min to be passed through speed, is passed through
Time is 35min；
Step 2: taking 110 parts of rice bars, 129 parts of cow dungs just by weight and 85 parts of earthworm manures mix second mixed
Object is closed, sprinkling weight is 1.8% microbe leaven of the second mixture weight, and then covering is opened on the second mixture surface
If the plastic film of the second circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 6mm, the nonwoven for being 41% in Plastic film surface covering water content
Cloth is placed under the sun 2h that is exposed to the sun, and water is added in into the second mixture and so that the water content of mixture is 82%, sprays mass fraction
For 4.9% ferrous sulfate solution into mixture the pH of water be 6.4, be subsequently placed in indoor standing 4.5 days, obtain the second fermentation
Object, vacuum filtration, obtains the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid, wherein, 5 parts of grain sizes are put into when standing the 3rd day thereto as 3mm
Activated carbon, the activated carbon surface coats one layer of water permeable membrane, then coats one layer of gunny；
Step 3: by first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid mix, obtain mixed fermentation liquid, by atmos low-temperature etc. from
The nozzle of daughter device is submerged below the liquid level of the mixed fermentation liquid, is passed through in the atmos low-temperature plasma device
Oxygen and nitrogen mass ratio are 1:24 mixed gas, then opens electric discharge device, and discharge treatment 3min allows the air to force down
The low temperature plasma that isothermal plasma device generates is contacted with mixed fermentation liquid, and sterilization processing is carried out to it, obtains sterilizing hair
Zymotic fluid；
Step 4: by the sterilization fermentation liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide in mass ratio 1:6.8 mixing, put into overcritical extraction
Tank, extracting pressure 17.8MPa are taken, extraction temperature is 39 DEG C, collects extract liquor；
Step 5: adding in 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 portions of brown sugar and 5 parts of tap water to the extract liquor, 2.5h is stirred in mixing,
30min is stood, obtains the liquid fertilizer.
The described method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the content of gravel is 45% in the soil of the sandy soil layer.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the brown sugar are brown granulated sugar.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the depth of the cement frame is 36cm.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the grain size of the grail of the fine sand rock layers is 10mm.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the cow dung are just the fresh of the long-term ox for absorbing water rice straw
Excrement.
The described method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the tap water in the step 5 is by following pretreatment：It will
Tap water, which is placed under the sun, to be exposed to the sun 1.5 days.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside, comprises the following steps：
1) prepare before plantation
Selecting the gradient, it is not low that soil layer by its surface to depth of soils is followed successively by thickness for 45 ° of the hillside for being oriented south
In sandy soil layer, the thickness of 138cm be 45cm fine sand rock layers and thickness be 30cm rock-soil layer, wherein, the sandy soil
For the content of organic matter in the soil of layer not less than 0.8%, the grain size of the sandstone of the fine sand rock layers is 1.82mm；
On hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill and on pour multiple cement frame groups successively, each cement frame group is multiple
The length of side adjacent to each other is the cement frame of 3.5m, and it is 1 to backfill thickness proportion in each cement frame successively from down to up:
1:2 stalk layer, tree slag blanket and nutrition soil layer, then sprays the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 6%, fountain height is each
The cement frame sprays 152g lime water solution, the gunny that water content is 38% is finally covered, wherein the tree slag blanket
In tree slag water content after 30%, 20 days, to open the gunny；
2) plant
The orange sapling that selection height reduces successively each plants an orange sapling in the cement frame, will be most short
Orange sapling plant in cement frame group of the bottom close to the foot of the hill, then according to the order highly successively increased by difference
The orange sapling of height is planted along hillside in different cement frame groups successively from lower to upper, wherein, the highest of orange sapling
Highly it is 80cm, minimum altitude 40cm；
3) apply fertilizer
A, after planting 3 days, liquid fertilizer, every orange tree are sprayed in the range of being 20cm as the center of circle, radius using tree root
Liquid fertilizer described in seedling sprinkling 0.3kg；
B, after planting 1 month, the spherical gelatin of 30 a diameter of 4cm is uniformly placed near the tree root of every orange sapling
Sponge, wherein, the spherical shape gelfoam passes through following pretreatment：It is bright that 5 spherical shapes are placed in liquid fertilizer described in per 1L
Gelatin sponge, after standing 3h, by the spherical gelfoam in -8 DEG C of freezings, until no liquid stream in the spherical gelfoam
It is dynamic, the polyurethane film of the first circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 2.5mm is then uniformly opened up in its surface clad surface.
C, annual October, tree root impose the liquid fertilizer in 10 years after planting, and every orange tree applies 0.75kg institutes within the 1st year
Liquid fertilizer is stated, the amount for subsequently applying the liquid fertilizer every year is 1.1 times of the previous year.
A kind of method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the making step of the liquid fertilizer are as follows：
Step 1: 220 portions of water hyacinths and 150 portions of water lettuces is taken to obtain the first mixture by weight, shred and be for length
The segment mixing of 0.5cm, sprays the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 7% thereto, and fountain height is the weight of the first mixture
5%, squeeze the water content to mixture as 45%, be placed in hermetically sealed can and ferment 8 days, temperature is 45 DEG C, obtains the first fermentation and produces
Object, vacuum filtration, the water content for controlling filter residue is 6%, obtains the first fermentation residue and the first zymotic fluid, wherein first fermentation
The water content of slag is 6%, wherein, at the 2nd day, nitrogen is passed through into the hermetically sealed can, it is 0.35L/min to be passed through speed, is passed through
Time is 35min；
Step 2: taking 120 parts of rice bars, 130 parts of cow dungs just by weight and 90 parts of earthworm manures mix second mixed
Object is closed, sprinkling weight is 1.8% microbe leaven of the second mixture weight, and then covering is opened on the second mixture surface
If the plastic film of the second circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 6mm, the nonwoven for being 45% in Plastic film surface covering water content
Cloth is placed under the sun 2h that is exposed to the sun, and water is added in into the second mixture and so that the water content of mixture is 85%, sprays mass fraction
For 5.0% ferrous sulfate solution into mixture the pH of water be 6.7, be subsequently placed in indoor standing 5 days, obtain the second fermentate,
Vacuum filtration, obtains the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid, wherein, it is 3mm's to put into 5 parts of grain sizes when standing the 3rd day thereto
Activated carbon, the activated carbon surface coats one layer of water permeable membrane, then coats one layer of gunny；
Step 3: by first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid mix, obtain mixed fermentation liquid, by atmos low-temperature etc. from
The nozzle of daughter device is submerged below the liquid level of the mixed fermentation liquid, is passed through in the atmos low-temperature plasma device
Oxygen and nitrogen mass ratio are 1:24 mixed gas, then opens electric discharge device, and discharge treatment 3min allows the air to force down
The low temperature plasma that isothermal plasma device generates is contacted with mixed fermentation liquid, and sterilization processing is carried out to it, obtains sterilizing hair
Zymotic fluid；
Step 4: by the sterilization fermentation liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide in mass ratio 1:6.8 mixing, put into overcritical extraction
Tank, extracting pressure 17.8MPa are taken, extraction temperature is 39 DEG C, collects extract liquor；
Step 5: adding in 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 6 portions of brown sugar and 6 parts of tap water to the extract liquor, 3h is stirred in mixing, quiet
30min is put, obtains the liquid fertilizer.
The described method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the content of gravel is 45% in the soil of the sandy soil layer.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the brown sugar are brown granulated sugar.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the depth of the cement frame is 38cm.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the grain size of the grail of the fine sand rock layers is 12mm.
The method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the cow dung are just the fresh of the long-term ox for absorbing water rice straw
Excrement.
The described method that orange tree is planted on hillside, the tap water in the step 5 is by following pretreatment：It will
Tap water, which is placed under the sun, to be exposed to the sun 2 days.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its be not restricted in specification and embodiment it is listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, it is of the invention and unlimited
In specific details and shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. method that orange tree is planted on hillside, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps：1) prepare before plantationSelecting the gradient, it is not low that soil layer by its surface to depth of soils is followed successively by thickness for 37~45 ° of the hillside for being oriented south In sandy soil layer, the thickness of 121cm be 35~45cm fine sand rock layers and thickness be 25~30cm rock-soil layer, wherein, institute The content of organic matter in the soil of sandy soil layer is stated not less than 0.8%, the grain size of the sandstone of the fine sand rock layers for 1.72~ 1.82mm；On hillside along its surface by the foot of the hill and on pour multiple cement frame groups successively, each cement frame group for it is multiple each other The adjacent length of side is the cement frame of 3.5m, and it is 1 to backfill thickness proportion in each cement frame successively from down to up:1:2 Stalk layer, tree slag blanket and nutrition soil layer, then spray the lime aqueous solution that mass fraction is 6%, fountain height is each institute Cement frame sprinkling 118~152g lime water solution is stated, the gunny that water content is 30~38% is finally covered, wherein described The water content for setting the tree slag in slag blanket is after 23~30%, 20 days, opens the gunny；2) plantThe orange sapling that selection height reduces successively each plants an orange sapling, by most short orange in the cement frame Subtree seedling is planted in cement frame group of the bottom close to the foot of the hill, then according to the order highly successively increased by different height Orange sapling planted successively from lower to upper in different cement frame groups along hillside, wherein, the maximum height of orange sapling For 80cm, minimum altitude 40cm；3) apply fertilizerA, after planting 3 days, liquid fertilizer, every orange sapling spray are sprayed in the range of being 20cm as the center of circle, radius using tree root Spill liquid fertilizer described in 0.2~0.3kg；B, after planting 1 month, the spherical gelatin of 28~30 a diameter of 4cm is uniformly placed near the tree root of every orange sapling Sponge, wherein, the spherical shape gelfoam passes through following pretreatment：4~5 spherical shapes are placed in liquid fertilizer described in per 1L Gelfoam, after standing 3h, by the spherical gelfoam in -8 DEG C of freezings, until no liquid stream in the spherical gelfoam It is dynamic, the polyurethane film of the first circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 2.5mm is then uniformly opened up in its surface clad surface；C, annual October, tree root impose the liquid fertilizer in 10 years after planting, and every orange tree applies liquid described in 0.75kg within the 1st year Body fertilizer, the amount for subsequently applying the liquid fertilizer every year is 1.1 times of the previous year；The making step of the liquid fertilizer is as follows：Step 1: 200~220 portions of water hyacinths and 140~150 portions of water lettuces is taken to obtain the first mixture by weight, shred and be The segment that length is 0.5cm mixes, and sprays the rice vinegar solution that mass fraction is 7% thereto, and fountain height is the first mixture Weight 5%, squeeze the water content to mixture as 35~45%, be placed in hermetically sealed can and ferment 5~8 days, temperature is 38~ 45 DEG C, the first tunning is obtained, is filtered by vacuum, the water content for controlling filter residue is 4~6%, obtains the first fermentation residue and the first hair Zymotic fluid, wherein the water content of first fermentation residue is 4~6%, wherein, at the 2nd day, nitrogen is passed through into the hermetically sealed can, Speed is passed through as 0.2~0.35L/min, is passed through the time as 35min；Step 2: taking 100~120 parts of rice bars, 128~130 parts of cow dungs just by weight and 80~90 parts of earthworm manures are mixed The second mixture is closed to obtain, sprinkling weight is 1.8% microbe leaven of the second mixture weight, then in the second mixture Surface covering opens up the plastic film of the second circular through hole of multiple a diameter of 6mm, is in Plastic film surface covering water content 38~45% non-woven fabrics is placed under the sun 2h that is exposed to the sun, and water is added in into the second mixture and so that the water content of mixture is 79 ~85%, the ferrous sulfate solution that sprinkling mass fraction is 4.8~5.0% pH of water into mixture is 6.3~6.7, then It is disposed within to stand 4~5 days, the second fermentate is obtained, is filtered by vacuum, obtains the second fermentation residue and the second zymotic fluid, wherein, it stands The activated carbon that 5 parts of grain sizes are 3mm is put at the 3rd day thereto, the activated carbon surface coats one layer of water permeable membrane, then coats one layer Gunny；Step 3: first zymotic fluid, the second zymotic fluid are mixed, mixed fermentation liquid is obtained, by atmos low-temperature plasma The nozzle of device is submerged below the liquid level of the mixed fermentation liquid, and oxygen is passed through in the atmos low-temperature plasma device It is 1 with nitrogen mass ratio:24 mixed gas, then opens electric discharge device, and discharge treatment 3min allows described atmos low-temperature etc. The low temperature plasma that ion body device generates is contacted with mixed fermentation liquid, is carried out sterilization processing to it, is obtained sterilization fermentation liquid；Step 4: by the sterilization fermentation liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide in mass ratio 1:6.8 mixing, put into supercritical extract Tank, extracting pressure 17.8MPa, extraction temperature are 39 DEG C, collect extract liquor；Step 5: adding in 3 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4~6 portions of brown sugar and 4~6 parts of tap water to the extract liquor, mix, stirring 2~ 3h stands 30min, obtains the liquid fertilizer.
- 2. the method for orange tree is planted on hillside as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil of the sandy soil layer The content of middle gravel is 45%.
- 3. the method for orange tree is planted on hillside as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the brown sugar is brown granulated sugar.
- 4. the method for orange tree is planted on hillside as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the depth of the cement frame For 35~38cm.
- 5. the method for orange tree is planted on hillside as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the cow dung is just to eat for a long time The fresh excreta of the ox of rice straw.
- 6. the method for orange tree is planted on hillside as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step 5 originally Water passes through following pretreatment：Tap water is placed under the sun and is exposed to the sun 1~2 day.
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| CN105875326A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-24 | 柳州市盛世种植场 | Method for planting apple trees on hillside |
| CN106258763A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-01-04 | 淮南市农康农业科技有限公司 | A kind of ecology planting method of Fructus Citri junoris |
| CN108610163A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-10-02 | 丹阳市香逸林果专业合作社 | A kind of medicament preventing orange tree biennial fruiting |
| CN106905043A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-30 | 苏州顶裕生物科技有限公司 | A kind of microorganism organic liquid coat fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107337505A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-11-10 | 芜湖县花桥镇恒乐水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of plum plantation high nitrogen fertilizer material |
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| CN104255373A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆威灿网络科技有限公司 | Navel orange planting method |
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