CN105145481A - High-quality ginseng and royal jelly series chicken breeding module - Google Patents
High-quality ginseng and royal jelly series chicken breeding module Download PDFInfo
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- CN105145481A CN105145481A CN201510597780.7A CN201510597780A CN105145481A CN 105145481 A CN105145481 A CN 105145481A CN 201510597780 A CN201510597780 A CN 201510597780A CN 105145481 A CN105145481 A CN 105145481A
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- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229940109850 royal jelly Drugs 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008775 paternal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010036590 Premature baby Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006662 Lansium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001156382 Lansium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011020 pilot scale process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036750 egg laying performance Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000009405 line breeding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101150079123 Bad gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001465251 Ephedra sinica Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-quality ginseng and royal jelly series chicken breeding method. The high-quality ginseng and royal jelly series chicken breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps: determining main economic characters according to consumption habits of different places; subdividing variety characteristics, and cultivating for obtaining different specialized lines; evaluating initialized chickens, and constructing an underlying group; and combining and matching three different matching modes for selecting good lines of chickens. By adopting a commercial line breeding method, variety resources of an enterprise are tidied up, core competitiveness of the enterprise can be beneficially developed, and a product with cost advantage and good quality can be produced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, especially a seed ginseng emperor system high grade chook kind seed selection module of high grade chook.
Background technology
China's high grade chook is through the high speed development of nearly two more than ten years, and compound growth rate is about 10%, and longitudinal comparison, the breed and production managerial skills of high grade chook are greatly improved.But lateral comparison, compared with developed countries, the breed and production management of China's high grade chook, is still in the more extensive primary stage.There is following problem: Heredity research is not goed deep into, system; Utilization orientation is indefinite, disorderly hands over and disorderly joins; Selection is lack of standardization, weak effect; Breeding record lacks, and benign epilepsy is unsound; Produce On Comprehensive Technique and all continue to use introduction chicken kind, be not equipped with industry development.Because constantly find the selection of high grade chook, the direction of not still breeder's effort always in practice, the root of Ye Shi enterprise self-growth.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of existing enterprise at high grade chook seed choosing method, the invention provides one can not only specification high grade chook breeding technique system, the further technical merit of raising breeding practitioner.Also can cultivate a kind of plumage type, build is beautiful, healthy and strong, be applicable to a seed ginseng emperor system high grade chook kind seed selection module of the market demand.
Technical solution of the present invention is such, and a seed ginseng emperor system high grade chook kind seed selection module, comprises underlying group and set up module, Major Economic module, specialized strain module, first mode module, second mode module, 3rd mode module, paternal seed selection process module, maternal seed selection process module, is characterized in that the operational structures that underlying group sets up module (1) is by specialized strain seed selection, combining ability test, set up benign epilepsy, the pilot scale of new matching system and popularization, wherein: specialized strain seed selection has yielding ability to select, egg productivity is selected, premunition is selected, and appearance traits is selected, and the Major Economic of Major Economic module (2) is plumage look, plumage type, shin look, skin-color, growth rate, type selecting is yellow plumage, black plumage, Bai Yu, silk plumage, sheet plumage, blue or green pin, yellow pin, Calusena lansium, casting skin, skin speed, middling speed, high-quality reaches classification, is hatched obtain by pedigree, and wherein paternal seed selection process module (7) is by individual hatching, band wing number, with first-selection: shin look, plumage look, plumage speed, 5 ~ 10 week age: two select physique, body weight, plumage look, shin look, hat size, regularity, 18 week age: three select physique, plumage look, shin look, turn the upper cage of group: in 20 ~ 22 week age: individual record Age at first laying, open product body weight, egg size, 28 ~ 35 week age: set up new system, individual reproduction, record family egg number, 66 week age: eliminate, survey and eliminate body weight, maternal seed selection process module (8) is by individual hatching, band wing number, with first-selection: shin look, plumage look, plumage speed, 6 ~ 10 week age: two select physique, body weight, plumage look, shin look, hat size, regularity, 18 ~ 20 week age: three select physique, plumage look, shin look, turn the upper cage of group: in 20 ~ 22 week age: individual record Age at first laying, open product body weight, egg size, egg number, 40 week age: four select egg number, body weight, sets up new system, individual reproduction, record family egg number, 44 ~ 66 week age eliminated, and surveyed and eliminated body weight, specialized strain module (3), and its specialized strain is maternal by first, first male parent, terminal male is distinguished, wherein: the major traits content of the first female parent is for generations, and the first female parent is with appetite, vitality and reproduction rate, it is major traits that reproductive performance comprises the egg qualification rate uniformity, prematurity, appearance traits, egg laying performance selects proterties, the first male parent focal selection reproductive performance, the volume of semen of chicken, three-dimensional-structure for secondary, and vitality is good, lift face degree, chest leg flesh developmental state, terminal male, focal selection reproductive performance, all even prematurity, body weight and life rate, also will carry out looks seed selection, keeps larger chicken group quantity, prevent nearly change, and improve kind of a chicken benefit, Local chicken breeds is passed through in first mode module (4) seed selection, the original seed of external chicken kind, great-grandfather's generation, for generations, father and mother's generation, commercial generation, the strain breeding of commercial chicken, the second mode module (5) is the original seed of being planted the pure lines chicken kind of chicken by dwarf-type place, great-grandfather's generation, for generations, father and mother's generation, commercial generation, the seed selection of commercial chicken, the 3rd mode module (6) is by Recessive Chicken, and Local chicken breeds seed selection obtains appearance like Local chicken breeds, growth rate improve, the price of deed improve cock and appearance like Local chicken breeds, meat high-quality, growth rate improve, the price of deed improve high grade chook commercialization.
Select productivity and the appearance traits of each supporting offspring, select the matching system of one group of productivity, the applicable market demand that external form is good.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by specification high grade chook breeding system, can create high-quality, security brand, guide consumption person understanding, accreditation high grade chook brand differentiation, establish market value basis by macroscopic features breeding to the transformation of breeding for quality for realizing high grade chook.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that underlying group of the present invention is set up modular structure and set up schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is Major Economic modular structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is specialized strain modular structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2, Fig. 4-3 are Three models modular structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is paternal line seed selection process module schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is maternal seed selection process module schematic diagram of the present invention.
Reference numeral: underlying group sets up module (1), Major Economic module (2), specialized strain module (3), first mode module (4), the second mode module (5), the 3rd mode module (6), paternal seed selection process module (7), maternal seed selection process module (8).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1, concrete operating process is:
1) investigate market, formulate breeding objective.According to own geographical condition, draft consumption area, carry out extensive and deep production, consumption market investigation; Propose breeding objective, be expounded through peer review, and then formulate practicable breeding objective.
2) breeding material is collected.Collecting some breeding materials differed from one another is the material base cultivating high grade chook breed system, and interlinear hybrid advantage depends on the difference of its gene frequency, and gene frequency difference is larger, and hybrid vigour is stronger.
3) measure coordinate force, screen supporting strain.Although current genetic breeding science can predict hybrid vigour, also do not accomplish Accurate Prediction, must combining ability test be carried out; According to the size of interlinear hybrid advantage, estimate in conjunction with genetic distance between strain, filter out the supporting strain that general performance is outstanding.
4) cultivation new lines and the production of hybrid seeds are applied.According to the proterties that own characteristic and the needs of supporting strain improve, carry out more than 4 continuous, science, systems from generation to generation and first select, be bred as new lines, during new lines seed selection, carry out performance test and lab scale, field pilot application, complete breed system sizing.
5) application authorization.In breeding process, the authorization requirement of the new breed system of root Ju, conscientiously prepares related materials, carries and preside over authorization after breed system sizing.In a word, first utilize the additive effect of gene, cultivate specialized strain, next utilizes the non-additive effect of gene to carry out binary and three way cross, and hybridize advantage, finally improves every productivity, is bred as high grade chook breed system.
Embodiment 2,1) according to different local consumption habit, determine Major Economic, and segmented, finally determine the breed of variety feature of local high grade chook.
2) major traits of each strain.Breeding objective is applied to that to produce that commercial chicken unit cost reduces be final object.Strain is the basis of breeding, so will plan the major traits of strain.According to high quality meat chicken current situation and market diversification demand, using different cultivars as breeding material, by strain breeding, cultivate and form different specialized strains.
3) specific procedure of strain breeding and method.The main quantitative character to initial chicken group and qualitative character are assessed, constructional base group, are observed by the build to this kind, plumage look, shin look, crown type, hat look, shin is long, shin encloses etc. and are measured.Different selections is adopted respectively according to the heredity of various trait.Being the initial stage building, using test cross method, reject the individuality containing bad genes such as recessive white feather, blue or green pin, dwarf, the naked back ofs the body.Set up strain on this basis, adopt locking families selecting.Breeding underlying group, once determine, just no longer introduces outer blood relationship, family breeding, and pedigree is hatched, and individual affiliation is clear and definite.
4) three kinds of different coordinated modes.According to the possible outcome of expection, different lines is combined mutually, observes productivity and the appearance traits of each supporting offspring, attempt to seek that a kind of productivity is higher, appearance traits is better, more can be applicable to the breed system of market demands.
Embodiment 3, a seed ginseng emperor system high grade chook kind seed selection module, is characterized in that the method that the breed system adopted adopts is:
1), according to different local consumption habit, determine Major Economic, and be subdivided into the breed of variety feature finally determining Local Excellent chicken,
2), strain is the basis of seed selection, will plan, according to excellent broiler chicken current situation and market diversification demand, using different cultivars as breeding material, by strain breeding, cultivate and form different specialized strains the major traits of strain,
3), be specific procedure and the method for seed selection, the quantitative character of initial chicken group and quantitative character are assessed, constructional base group, by the build to this kind, plumage look, shin look, crown type, shin is long, shin encloses and carries out observing and measuring, different selections is adopted respectively according to the heredity of various trait, it is the initial stage building, use assay method, reject containing recessive white feather, blue or green pin, dwarf, the individuality of the bad gene of the naked back of the body, set up strain on this basis, adopt locking families selecting, breeding group is once determine, just no longer introduce outer blood relationship, family breeding, adopt spectrum hatching, it is clear and definite that individuality adopts edge relation,
4), by three kinds of different coordinated modes, according to expected results, different lines is combined mutually, select productivity and the appearance traits of each supporting offspring, select the breed system of one group of productivity, the applicable market demand that external form is good.
The coordinated mode step adopted is:
1) step 1, assortment: with Major Economic and classification of type:
Plumage look: Huang Yu (pale yellow, deep yellow and cream-coloured), numb plumage (Chinese ephedra, fiber crops brown), black plumage, Bai Yu.
Plumage type: silk plumage, sheet plumage.
Shin look: blue or green pin, yellow pin.
Skin-color: Calusena lansium, casting skin.
Growth rate: quick, middling speed, high-quality.
2) step 2, major traits: with specialized strain and the sorting of major traits content:
Specialized strain major traits content
The first female parent for generations number of animals raised is large, vitality and the Efficiency of reproduction rate to company larger.Reproductive performance (comprising hatchable egg rate) and the uniformity are major traits, and prematurity, appearance traits, meat performance select proterties for secondary.
The strain that the second male parent number of animals raised is minimum.But owing to being male parent cock, fertilization rate and chickling-surviving rate impact are greatly.Therefore focal selection reproductive performance (volume of semen of cock), three-dimensional-structure (stalwartness), vitality good, regularity, chest leg flesh developmental state etc.
Terminal male focal selection reproductive performance, the uniformity and prematurity, body weight and life rate also will carry out strengthening seed selection.Keep larger chicken Population, prevent inbreeding, improve mobility, ensure the fertility rate and hatchability of kind of egg, improve the raise benefit of kind of chicken.
3) step 3, seed selection progresses and methods:
Paternal seed selection:
Individual hatching, band wing number first-selected shin look, plumage look, plumage speed
5 ~ 10 week age two selected physique, body weight, plumage look, shin look
18 week age three selected physique, plumage look, shin look, turned the upper cage of group
20 ~ 22 week individual record in age Age at first laying, opens and produces body weight egg
Within 28 ~ 35 weeks, age group builds new system, individual reproduction, and record family is laid eggs amperage
66 week age eliminated, and surveyed and eliminated body weight
Maternal seed selection:
Individual hatching, band wing number first-selected shin look, plumage look, plumage speed
6 ~ 10 week age two selected physique, body weight, plumage look
18 ~ 20 week age three selected physique, plumage look, shin look, and turn the upper cage of group, individual record, Age at first laying, opens product body weight, egg size, egg number
40 week age four selected egg number, weighed
Within 44 weeks, age group builds new family, individual reproduction, and record family is laid eggs amperage
66 week age eliminated, and surveyed and eliminated body weight
4) step 4, three kinds of coordinated modes
Pattern one
As shown in accompanying drawing 4-1
Pattern two
As shown in accompanying drawing 4-2
Pattern three
As shown in accompanying drawing 4-3
Embodiment 4, a seed ginseng emperor system high grade chook kind seed selection module, comprises underlying group and sets up module, Major Economic module, specialized strain module, first mode module, second mode module, 3rd mode module, paternal seed selection process module, maternal seed selection process module, is characterized in that the operational structures that underlying group sets up module (1) is by specialized strain seed selection, combining ability test, set up benign epilepsy, the pilot scale of new matching system and popularization, wherein: specialized strain seed selection has yielding ability to select, egg productivity is selected, premunition is selected, and appearance traits is selected, and the Major Economic of Major Economic module (2) is plumage look, plumage type, shin look, skin-color, growth rate, type selecting is yellow plumage, black plumage, Bai Yu, silk plumage, sheet plumage, blue or green pin, yellow pin, Calusena lansium, casting skin, skin speed, middling speed, high-quality reaches classification, is hatched obtain by pedigree, and wherein paternal seed selection process module (7) is by individual hatching, band wing number, with first-selection: shin look, plumage look, plumage speed, 5 ~ 10 week age: two select physique, body weight, plumage look, shin look, hat size, regularity, 18 week age: three select physique, plumage look, shin look, turn the upper cage of group: in 20 ~ 22 week age: individual record Age at first laying, open product body weight, egg size, 28 ~ 35 week age: set up new system, individual reproduction, record family egg number, 66 week age: eliminate, survey and eliminate body weight, maternal seed selection process module (8) is by individual hatching, band wing number, with first-selection: shin look, plumage look, plumage speed, 6 ~ 10 week age: two select physique, body weight, plumage look, shin look, hat size, regularity, 18 ~ 20 week age: three select physique, plumage look, shin look, turn the upper cage of group: in 20 ~ 22 week age: individual record Age at first laying, open product body weight, egg size, egg number, 40 week age: four select egg number, body weight, sets up new system, individual reproduction, record family egg number, 44 ~ 66 week age eliminated, and surveyed and eliminated body weight, specialized strain module (3), and its specialized strain is maternal by first, first male parent, terminal male is distinguished, wherein: the major traits content of the first female parent is for generations, and the first female parent is with appetite, vitality and reproduction rate, it is major traits that reproductive performance comprises the egg qualification rate uniformity, prematurity, appearance traits, egg laying performance selects proterties, the first male parent focal selection reproductive performance, the volume of semen of chicken, three-dimensional-structure for secondary, and vitality is good, lift face degree, chest leg flesh developmental state, terminal male, focal selection reproductive performance, all even prematurity, body weight and life rate, also will carry out looks seed selection, keeps larger chicken group quantity, prevent nearly change, and improve kind of a chicken benefit, Local chicken breeds is passed through in first mode module (4) seed selection, the original seed of external chicken kind, great-grandfather's generation, for generations, father and mother's generation, commercial generation, the strain breeding of commercial chicken, the second mode module (5) is the original seed of being planted the pure lines chicken kind of chicken by dwarf-type place, great-grandfather's generation, for generations, father and mother's generation, commercial generation, the seed selection of commercial chicken, the 3rd mode module (6) is by Recessive Chicken, and Local chicken breeds seed selection obtains appearance like Local chicken breeds, growth rate improve, the price of deed improve cock and appearance like Local chicken breeds, meat high-quality, growth rate improve, the price of deed improve high grade chook commercialization.Select productivity and the appearance traits of each supporting offspring, select the matching system of one group of productivity, the applicable market demand that external form is good.
Claims (3)
1. a seed ginseng emperor system high grade chook kind seed selection module, comprises underlying group and sets up module, Major Economic module, specialized strain module, first mode module, second mode module, 3rd mode module, paternal seed selection process module, maternal seed selection process module, is characterized in that the structure that underlying group sets up module (1) is specialized strain seed selection, combining ability test, set up benign epilepsy, the pilot scale of new matching system and popularization, wherein: specialized strain seed selection has yielding ability to select, egg productivity is selected, premunition is selected, and appearance traits is selected, and Major Economic module (2) has Major Economic, type, and pedigree hatching has paternal seed selection process module (7), maternal seed selection process module, and specialized strain module (3) has specialized strain first maternal, first male parent, terminal male, Local chicken breeds is passed through in first mode module (4) seed selection, the strain breeding of external chicken kind, second mode module (5) is the seed selection of being planted the pure lines chicken kind of chicken by dwarf-type place, 3rd mode module (6) is by Recessive Chicken, and Local chicken breeds seed selection obtains appearance like the high grade chook commercialization like Local chicken breeds of local chicken stock cock and appearance.
2. according to a seed ginseng emperor system high grade chook kind seed selection module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that productivity and the appearance traits of selecting each supporting offspring, select the matching system of one group of productivity, the applicable market demand that external form is good.
3., according to a seed ginseng emperor system high grade chook kind seed selection module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the structure that underlying group sets up module (1) is specialized strain seed selection, combining ability test, set up benign epilepsy, the pilot scale of new matching system and popularization, wherein: specialized strain seed selection has yielding ability to select, egg productivity is selected, premunition is selected, and appearance traits is selected, and the Major Economic of Major Economic module (2) is plumage look, plumage type, shin look, skin-color, growth rate, type selecting is yellow plumage, black plumage, Bai Yu, silk plumage, sheet plumage, blue or green pin, yellow pin, Calusena lansium, casting skin, skin speed, middling speed, high-quality is classified, and pedigree is hatched, and wherein paternal seed selection process module (7) is individual hatching, band wing number, first-selected: shin look, plumage look, plumage speed, 5 ~ 10 week age: two select physique, body weight, plumage look, shin look, hat size, regularity, 18 week age: three select physique, plumage look, shin look, turn the upper cage of group: in 20 ~ 22 week age: individual record Age at first laying, open product body weight, egg size, 28 ~ 35 week age: set up new system, individual reproduction, record family egg number, 66 week age: eliminate, survey and eliminate body weight, maternal seed selection process module (8) is by individual hatching, band wing number, with first-selection: shin look, plumage look, plumage speed, 6 ~ 10 week age: two select physique, body weight, plumage look, shin look, hat size, regularity, 18 ~ 20 week age: three select physique, plumage look, shin look, turn the upper cage of group: in 20 ~ 22 week age: individual record Age at first laying, open product body weight, egg size, egg number, 40 week age: four select egg number, body weight, sets up new system, individual reproduction, record family egg number, 44 ~ 66 week age eliminated, and surveyed and eliminated body weight, specialized strain module (3), and its specialized strain is maternal by first, first male parent, terminal male is distinguished, wherein: the major traits content of the first female parent is for generations, and the first female parent is with appetite, vitality and reproduction rate, it is major traits that reproductive performance comprises the egg qualification rate uniformity, prematurity, appearance traits, egg laying performance selects proterties, the first male parent focal selection reproductive performance, the volume of semen of chicken, three-dimensional-structure for secondary, and vitality is good, lift face degree, chest leg flesh developmental state, terminal male, focal selection reproductive performance, all even prematurity, body weight and life rate, also will carry out looks seed selection, keeps larger chicken group quantity, prevent nearly change, and improve kind of a chicken benefit, Local chicken breeds is passed through in first mode module (4) seed selection, the original seed of external chicken kind, great-grandfather's generation, for generations, father and mother's generation, commercial generation, the strain breeding of commercial chicken, the second mode module (5) is the original seed of being planted the pure lines chicken kind of chicken by dwarf-type place, great-grandfather's generation, for generations, father and mother's generation, commercial generation, the seed selection of commercial chicken, the 3rd mode module (6) is by Recessive Chicken, and Local chicken breeds seed selection obtains appearance like Local chicken breeds, growth rate improves, and the cock that the price of deed is improved and appearance are like Local chicken breeds, and meat high-quality, growth rate improves, the high grade chook commercialization that the price of deed is improved.
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CN107006397A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-08-04 | 仁怀市泓熙养殖专业合作社 | Selection system for breeder |
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